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1 SNCF
SNCF [εsεnseεf]feminine noun( = Société nationale des chemins de fer français) French national railway company* * *
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The state-owned rail company, with access also to private finance, founded in 1937. Its remit covers the full range of rail transport services from small local trains to the high speed TGV. TGV
II ɛsɛnseɛfnom féminin (abbr = Société nationale des chemins de fer français) French national railway company* * *ɛsɛnseɛf abr nfSociété nationale des chemins de fer français French national railways* * *SNCF nf (abbr = Société nationale des chemins de fer français) French national railway company. -
2 SNCF
Nom féminin companhia francesa de vias férreas* * *Nom féminin companhia francesa de vias férreas -
3 SNCF
Nom féminin companhia francesa de vias férreas* * *SNCF ɛsɛnseɛf]Helvetica-Lightnome feminino/Helvetica-Light(Société nationale des chemins de fer français) sociedade nacional dos caminhos-de-ferro franceses -
4 SNCF
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5 SNCF
The French national railway company. SNCF still enjoys a virtual monopoly over passenger train operations in France, though this is scheduled to change. Freight operations have been opened up to competition since 2005, and there are now seven licenced freight operators, though SNCF still operates over 90% of freight services. See rail travel in France.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > SNCF
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6 SNCF
1) Железнодорожный термин: (фр. Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) Национальная компания французских железных дорог2) Сокращение: Societe National des Chemins de Fer (French National Railways) -
7 SNCF
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8 SNCF
сокр.общ. железная дорога, Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer (Государственная железнодорожная компания) -
9 train à grande vitesse de la SNCF
Dictionnaire polytechnique Français-Russe > train à grande vitesse de la SNCF
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10 gare SNCF
сущ. -
11 Chapelon, André
[br]b. 26 October 1892 Saint-Paul-en-Cornillon, Loire, Franced. 29 June 1978 Paris, France[br]French locomotive engineer who developed high-performance steam locomotives.[br]Chapelon's technical education at the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures, Paris, was interrupted by extended military service during the First World War. From experience of observing artillery from the basket of a captive balloon, he developed a method of artillery fire control which was more accurate than that in use and which was adopted by the French army.In 1925 he joined the motive-power and rolling-stock department of the Paris-Orléans Railway under Chief Mechanical Engineer Maurice Lacoin and was given the task of improving the performance of its main-line 4–6–2 locomotives, most of them compounds. He had already made an intensive study of steam locomotive design and in 1926 introduced his Kylchap exhaust system, based in part on the earlier work of the Finnish engineer Kyläla. Chapelon improved the entrainment of the hot gases in the smokebox by the exhaust steam and so minimized back pressure in the cylinders, increasing the power of a locomotive substantially. He also greatly increased the cross-sectional area of steam passages, used poppet valves instead of piston valves and increased superheating of steam. PO (Paris-Orléans) 4–6–2s rebuilt on these principles from 1929 onwards proved able to haul 800-ton trains, in place of the previous 500-ton trains, and to do so to accelerated schedules with reduced coal consumption. Commencing in 1932, some were converted, at the time of rebuilding, into 4–8–0s to increase adhesive weight for hauling heavy trains over the steeply graded Paris-Toulouse line.Chapelon's principles were quickly adopted on other French railways and elsewhere.H.N. Gresley was particularly influenced by them. After formation of the French National Railways (SNCF) in 1938, Chapelon produced in 1941 a prototype rebuilt PO 2–10–0 freight locomotive as a six-cylinder compound, with four low-pressure cylinders to maximize expansive use of steam and with all cylinders steam-jacketed to minimize heat loss by condensation and radiation. War conditions delayed extended testing until 1948–52. Meanwhile Chapelon had, by rebuilding, produced in 1946 a high-powered, three-cylinder, compound 4–8–4 intended as a stage in development of a proposed range of powerful and thermally efficient steam locomotives for the postwar SNCF: a high-speed 4–6–4 in this range was to run at sustained speeds of 125 mph (200 km/h). However, plans for improved steam locomotives were then overtaken in France by electriflcation and dieselization, though the performance of the 4–8–4, which produced 4,000 hp (3,000 kW) at the drawbar for the first time in Europe, prompted modification of electric locomotives, already on order, to increase their power.Chapelon retired from the SNCF in 1953, but continued to act as a consultant. His principles were incorporated into steam locomotives built in France for export to South America, and even after the energy crisis of 1973 he was consulted on projects to build improved, high-powered steam locomotives for countries with reserves of cheap coal. The eventual fall in oil prices brought these to an end.[br]Bibliography1938, La Locomotive à vapeur, Paris: J.B.Bailière (a comprehensive summary of contemporary knowledge of every function of the locomotive).Further ReadingH.C.B.Rogers, 1972, Chapelon, Genius of French Steam, Shepperton: Ian Allan.1986, "André Chapelon, locomotive engineer: a survey of his work", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 58 (a symposium on Chapelon's work).Obituary, 1978, Railway Engineer (September/October) (makes reference to the technical significance of Chapelon's work).PJGR -
12 Société nationale des chemins de fer français
→ link=SNCF SNCFDictionnaire Français-Anglais > Société nationale des chemins de fer français
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13 société
société [sɔsjete]1. feminine nouna. ( = groupe, communauté) society• la société de consommation/de loisirs the consumer/leisure society• société secrète/savante secret/learned society• la Société protectrice des animaux ≈ the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Brit), ≈ the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (US)c. ( = firme) company2. compounds► société anonyme ≈ limited (liability) company ; (ouverte au public) ≈ public limited company━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━* * *sɔsjete1) gén, Sociologie society2) ( groupe spécifique) society3) ( entreprise) company4) ( vie mondaine) societyla bonne/haute société — polite/high society
5) ( compagnie) fml company, society sout* * *sɔsjete nl'archipel de la Société — the Society Islands, the Society Archipelago
* * *société nf2 ( communauté humaine) society; la place de l'enfant dans la société the place of children in society;3 ( groupe humain) society; les sociétés primitives/modernes primitive/modern societies; dans notre société in our society;4 ( groupe spécifique) society; société savante/secrète learned/secret society; société d'écrivains/d'artistes writers'/artists' society; société de chasse/pêche/tir hunting/angling/shooting club;5 Ind, Jur, Fin company; constituer une société to set up a company; société d'emballage/de nettoyage packaging/cleaning company;6 ( vie mondaine) society; en société in society; faire ses débuts dans la société to make one's debut in society; la bonne/haute société polite/high society;7 ( compagnie) company, society sout; rechercher la société de qn to seek sb's company; dans la société de qn in sb's company.société d'abondance affluent society; société par actions Jur, Fin joint stock company; société anonyme, SA public company; société d'assistance Assur motoring organization GB, automobile club; société de Bourse Fin broking firm; société civile Sociol society; Jur, Fin non-trading company; société civile immobilière, SCI investment company that rents out property; société commerciale Jur, Fin business firm; société de consommation consumer society; société d'économie mixte semi-public company; société écran dummy company; société d'exploitation development company; société fiduciaire trust company; société d'investissement investment company; société en nom collectif, SNC general partnership; société à responsabilité limitée, SARL private company; société de services service company; société à succursales multiples chain store; Société de Jésus Relig Society of Jesus; Société des Nations, SDN Hist League of Nations.[sɔsjete] nom féminin1. SOCIOLOGIE4. [catégorie de gens] societycela ne se fait pas dans la bonne société it's not done in good company ou in the best societysociété littéraire/savante literary/learned societyla Société des Amis the Society of Friends, the Quakersla Société protectrice des animaux → link=SPA SPAsociété (de capitaux) par actions (à responsabilité limitée) (limited liability) joint-stock companysociété civile professionnelle professional ou non-trading partnershipsociété en commandite simple ≃ general partnershipsociété d'investissement à capital variable → link=SICAV SICAVsociété en nom collectif ≃ (unlimited) private companysociété à responsabilité limitée ≃ limited liability companySociété nationale des chemins de fer français → link=SNCF SNCF7. BANQUEsociété financière/de crédit finance/credit company8. DROIT9. INFORMATIQUE10. LOISIRS -
14 RFF
the public agency that owns and manages the rail network in France, created in 1997 the then national railway company, SNCF, was split into two divisions. SNCF is now just the train operator. Seemap of the French rail network -
15 (фр . Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) Национальная компания французских железных дорог
Railway term: SNCFУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > (фр . Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) Национальная компания французских железных дорог
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16 Societe National des Chemins de Fer
Abbreviation: SNCF (French National Railways)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Societe National des Chemins de Fer
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17 Национальная компания французских железных дорог
Railway term: French National Railways, (фр. Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) SNCFУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Национальная компания французских железных дорог
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18 Societe Nationale des Chemins de Fer Francais
railw. SNCFУниверсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Societe Nationale des Chemins de Fer Francais
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19 revolving underwriting facility (RUF); note issuance facility (NIF); note purchase facility; euronote facility
фр. facilité de crédit spécial (RUF); (pour l'émission de papier à court terme); facilité d'émission d'effets
исп. servicio de emisión de títulos (SET)
револьверная (возобновляемая) кредитная программа выпуска евронот с банковской поддержкой (со средними сроками погашения)(RUF); программа выпуска евронот (NIF)
Среднесрочное кредитное соглашение, по которому заемщик может эмитировать краткосрочные простые векселя (евроноты), первичное размещение которых гарантировано коммерческим банком. Существует несколько вариантов такого кредитования: 1) программа выпуска евронот (note issuance facility NIF), предполагающая револьверную эмиссию простых векселей со средними сроками погашения от трех до шести месяцев, хотя реальные сроки могут колебаться от семи дней до года, и гарантией банков на период от пяти до семи лет. Бóльшая их часть имеет долларовый номинал, выраженный в шестизначных цифрах и более; 2) краткосрочная программа выпуска евронот (SNIF) название программы выпуска евронот с короткими сроками погашения; 3) револьверная кредитная программа выпуска евронот с банковской поддержкой (RUF), представляющая собой разновидность программы NIF, в рамках которой андеррайтинг и распространение векселей отделены друг от друга (ведущий менеджер выступает в качестве единственного агента по размещению, а андеррайтеры выкупают все неразмещенные векселя или увеличивают кредитование на эквивалентную сумму); 4) переводимая револьверная кредитная программа выпуска евронот с банковской поддержкой (TRUF), при которой обязательство банка по андеррайтингу может передаваться; 5) многокомпонентные и прочие программы, такие, как опционы заемщиков на приобретение евронот и резервный андеррайтинг (BONUS), кредитная программа RAFT*, секьюритизированная программа выпуска евронот (SNCF) и пр. Выражения note purchase facility, euronote facility и note issuance facility обычно используются как синонимы. Французы чаще всего прибегают к использованию английских терминов; вариант перевода на французский язык представлен выше.
* Кредитная программа RAFT среднесрочная кредитная программа, финансируемая выпуском банковских акцептов и размещаемая с помощью тендера. Прим. перев.
Англо-русский словарь Финансы и долги > revolving underwriting facility (RUF); note issuance facility (NIF); note purchase facility; euronote facility
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20 скоростной поезд
TGV, train àgrande vitesse de la SNCFРусско-французский политехнический словарь > скоростной поезд
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См. также в других словарях:
SNCF — (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) (French National Railway Company) is a French public enterprise. Its functions include operation of rail services for passengers and freight, and maintenance as well as signalling of rail… … Wikipedia
SNCF — [ɛsɛnse ɛf], Abk. für Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français, die staatl. Eisenbahngesellschaft Frankreichs, 1938 durch Zusammenschluss versch. Bahngesellschaften entstanden … Universal-Lexikon
SNCF — sigla ES fr. Société Nationale Française des Chemins de Fer, società nazionale delle ferrovie francesi … Dizionario italiano
SNCF — French national railway, 1949, acronym for Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer … Etymology dictionary
SNCF — Société nationale des chemins de fer français Logo de la Société nationale des chemins de fer français Création 1er janvier 1938 … Wikipédia en Français
Sncf — Société nationale des chemins de fer français Logo de la Société nationale des chemins de fer français Création 1er janvier 1938 … Wikipédia en Français
SNCF — Société nationale des chemins de fer français Imagen corporativa de la SNCF en uno de sus trenes laboratorio. Acrónimo SNCF … Wikipedia Español
SNCF — Société nationale des chemins de fer français Unternehmensform EPIC (=Établissement Public Industriel et Commercial) Gründung 01. Januar 1938 Unternehmens … Deutsch Wikipedia
SNCF — Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Fr … Википедия
SNCF — Acrónimo de Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer (Sociedad Nacional de Ferrocarriles). Empresa estatal francesa encargada de la explotación de los ferrocarriles franceses, en régimen de práctico monopolio. La compañía fue creada el 1 de enero de… … Enciclopedia Universal
SNCF — ⇒S.N.C.F., subst. fém. Sigle de Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français. La France (...) disposa de 732 milliards de francs de contrevaleur, affectés à la reconstruction, à l équipement industriel, à la SNCF, etc. (LESOURD, GÉRARD, Hist.… … Encyclopédie Universelle