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1 Slavery and Slave trade, Portuguese
The Portuguese role in the Atlantic slave trade (ca. 1500-1850), next to Portugal's motives for empire and the nature of her colonial rule, remains one of the most controversial historical questions. The institution of slavery was conventional in Roman and Visigothic Portugal, and the Catholic Church sanctioned it. The origins of an international traffic in enslaved African captives in the Atlantic are usually dated to after the year 1411, when the first black African slaves were brought to Portugal (Lagos) and sold, but there were activities a century earlier that indicated the beginnings. In the 1340s, under King Afonso IV, Portuguese had captured native islanders on voyages to the Canary Islands and later used them as slave labor in the sugar plantations of Madeira. After 1500, and especially after the 1550s, when African slave-worked plantations became established in Brazil and other American colonies, the Atlantic slave trade became a vast international enterprise in which Portugal played a key role. But all the European maritime powers were involved in the slave trade from 1500 to 1800, including Great Britain, France, and Holland, those countries that eventually pressured Portugal to cease the slave trade in its empire.No one knows the actual numbers of Africans enslaved in the nefarious business, but it is clear that millions of persons during more than three-and-a-half centuries were forcibly stolen from African societies and that the survivors of the terrible slave voyages helped build the economies of the Americas. Portugal's role in the trade was as controversial as its impact on Portuguese society. Comparatively large numbers of African slaves resided in Portugal, although the precise number remains a mystery; by the last quarter of the 18th century, when the prime minister of King José I, the Marquis of Pombal abolished slavery in Portugal, the African racial element had been largely absorbed in Portuguese society.Great Portuguese fortunes were built on the African slave trade in Portugal, Brazil, and Angola, and the slave trade continued in the Portuguese empire until the 1850s and 1860s. The Angolan slave trade across the Atlantic was doomed after Brazil banned the import of slaves in 1850, under great pressure from Britain. As for slavery in Portugal's African empire, various forms of this institution, including forced labor, continued in Angola and Mozambique until the early 1960s. A curious vestige of the Portuguese role in the African slave trade over the centuries is found in the family name, appearing in Lisbon telephone books, of Negreiro, which means literally, "One who trades in (African) Negro slaves."Historical dictionary of Portugal > Slavery and Slave trade, Portuguese
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2 работорговля
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3 работоргівля
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4 comercio de esclavos
• slave trade -
5 tráfico de esclavos
• slave trade -
6 obchod s otroky
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7 slavehandel
slave trade -
8 работорговля
Русско-Английский новый экономический словарь > работорговля
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9 работорговля
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10 esir ticareti
slave trade -
11 esircilik
slave trade. -
12 esklabo-tratul
slave trade -
13 trata de esclavos
* * *(n.) = slave tradeEx. This original text is a refreshing and welcome addition to the historiography of slaver and slave trade.* * ** * *(n.) = slave tradeEx: This original text is a refreshing and welcome addition to the historiography of slaver and slave trade.
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14 роб
slave, bond(s)manработя като роб върху toil atроб на условностите a slave to conventionality* * *роб,м., -и slave, bond(s)man; освободен \роб freedman; работя като \роб върху toil at; \роб съм на be in servitude/bondage to, прен. be (a) slave to, be the slave of; търговия с \роби slave trade.* * *slave (и прен.): He is a роб of fashion. - Той е роб на модата.; bondsman; drudge{drXdj}; helot; menial* * *1. slave, bond(s)man 2. РОБ на условностите a slave to conventionality 3. РОБ съм на be in servitude/bondage to, прен. be (a) slave to, be the slave of 4. освободен РОБ freedman 5. работя като РОБ върху toil at 6. ставам РОБ на become the slave of -
15 работорговля
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16 slavehandel
slave trade (el. traffic);[ hvid slavehandel] white-slave trade. -
17 trata
• slave trade• slave traffic• slavery -
18 trata de esclavos
• slave trade• slave traffic -
19 торговля людьми
trade in (trafficking in/of) people; ( рабами) slave trade -
20 trata
f.slave trade.trata de blancas white slave tradepres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: tratar.* * *1 slave trade\trata de blancas white-slave trade* * *SF* * *femenino trade* * *----* trata de esclavos = slave trade.* trata de mujeres = trafficking in women.* trata de niños = trafficking in children.* trata de seres humanos = trafficking in human beings.* * *femenino trade* * ** trata de esclavos = slave trade.* trata de mujeres = trafficking in women.* trata de niños = trafficking in children.* trata de seres humanos = trafficking in human beings.* * *tradeCompuestos:white slavery, white-slave tradeslave tradehuman trade* * *
Del verbo tratar: ( conjugate tratar)
trata es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
trata
tratar
tratar ( conjugate tratar) verbo intransitivo
1 ( intentar) to try;
trataé de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2 [obra/libro/película] trata de algo to be about sth;
trata sobre algo to deal with sth;
3 (tener contacto, relaciones) trata con algn to deal with sb;
verbo transitivo
1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› to treat;
2 ( frecuentar):
3 ‹tema/asunto› to discuss, to deal with
4a) (Med) to treat
tratarse verbo pronominal
1 tratase con algn ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with sb;
( alternar) to socialize o mix with sb;
2 (+ compl) ( recípr):
3 (Med) to have o undergo treatment
4◊ tratarse de (en 3a pers)
◊ ¿de qué se trata? what's it about?
◊ se trata de participar, no de ganar it's a question of taking part, not of winning;
solo porque se trata de ti just because it's you
trata sustantivo femenino slave trade
trata de negros, slave trade
(prostitución) trata de blancas, white slave trade
tratar
I verbo transitivo
1 (portarse) to treat
2 (cuidar) to look after, care: trátame el libro bien, look after my book
3 (dirigirse a una persona) address: nos tratamos de tú, we call each other "tú" o we're on first name terms
4 (considerar, llamar) me trató de tonto, he called me stupid
5 (someter a un proceso) to treat
6 (someter a tratamiento médico) to treat: le tienen que tratar la artritis, they have to treat his arthritis
7 (tener relación social) la he tratado muy poco, I don't know her very well
8 (considerar, discutir) to deal with: no hemos tratado la cuestión, we haven't discussed that subject
II verbo intransitivo 1 tratar de, (un libro, una película) to be about: ¿de qué trata?, what is it about?
2 (intentar) to try [de, to]
3 Com tratar en, to trade in o with 4 tratar con, (negociar) to negotiate with
' trata' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
extrema
- extremo
- lata
- monográfica
- monográfico
- parche
- tratar
- tratarse
- anticipar
- blandura
- dulzura
- ver
English:
combine
- deal with
- issue
- point
- propose
- question
- stubborn
- where
- white slave-trade
- about
- and
- beyond
- come
- concern
- dwell
- football
- foul
- idea
- involve
- keep
- making
- rest
* * *trata nf[de esclavos] slave trade trata de blancas white slave trade* * *f trade
См. также в других словарях:
Slave trade — Slave Slave (sl[=a]v), n. [Cf. F. esclave, D. slaaf, Dan. slave, sclave, Sw. slaf, all fr. G. sklave, MHG. also slave, from the national name of the Slavonians, or Sclavonians (in LL. Slavi or Sclavi), who were frequently made slaves by the… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
slave trade — slave ,trade noun uncount the business of buying and selling people as SLAVES, especially the trade in people from Africa who in the past were brought to North and South America to be sold … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
slave trade — slave′ trade n. amh. the business of procuring, transporting, and selling slaves, esp. the bringing of black Africans to America • Etymology: 1725–35 … From formal English to slang
slave trade — ► NOUN historical ▪ the procuring, transporting, and selling of human beings, especially African blacks, as slaves … English terms dictionary
slave trade — n. traffic in slaves; specif., the former transportation of black people from Africa to America for sale as slaves … English World dictionary
SLAVE TRADE — Jews engaged in the slave trade – although they never played a prominent role in it – from the early Middle Ages to the early modern period. While it was not proscribed to pagans, none of the three monotheistic religions either prohibited slavery … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Slave Trade — For most of the nineteenth century a commerce in human misery was in steady decline among the imperial powers. The Atlantic slave trade during the sixteenth century was initially established by Spain and Portugal for the transport of enslaved… … Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914
slave trade — noun traffic in slaves; especially in Black Africans transported to America in the 16th to 19th centuries (Freq. 1) • Syn: ↑slave traffic • Hypernyms: ↑traffic * * * noun : traffic in slaves; especially … Useful english dictionary
slave trade — N SING: the N The slave trade is the buying and selling of slaves, especially Black Africans, from the 16th to the 19th centuries. More than a century and a half since the transatlantic slave trade was abolished, slavery is far from dead … English dictionary
slave trade — the business or process of procuring, transporting, and selling slaves, esp. black Africans to the New World prior to the mid 19th century. [1725 35] * * * Capturing, selling, and buying of slaves. Slavery has existed throughout the world from… … Universalium
Slave Trade Compromise and Fugitive Slave Clause — The Framers debated over the extent to which slavery would be included, permitted, or prohibited in the United States Constitution. In the end, they created a document of compromise that represented the interests of the nation as they knew it and … Wikipedia