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61 spm
1) Компьютерная техника: System Performance Monitor2) Американизм: Suspended Parliamentary Matter3) Военный термин: Sleep/ Performance Model, Sound Powered Microphone, Special Purpose Machine, Special Purpose Material, self-propelled mount, shots per minute, standard payload module, standard procedure manual, subsystems project manager, support program management, systems program manager, самоходный миномёт (self-propelled mortar)4) Техника: single-particle model, small power module, solar power module, ВПУ (Single Point Mooring - Выносное Причальное Устройство), Метод ударных импульсов (для диагностики состояния подшипников) (Shock Pulse Method)6) Юридический термин: Sanction Penalty Month, South Park Mexicans7) Металлургия: Supermetallic8) Музыка: Speed Phase And Music9) Оптика: scanning probe microscopy10) Телекоммуникации: Space Switch Module11) Сокращение: Self-Propelled Mortar, Somali Patriotic Movement, System Program Management, security policy model, Scratch-Pad Memory, Software Performance Monitor, standard penetration test12) Физика: Scanning Probe Microscope13) Электроника: Small Perturbation Method, Solar Proton Monitor14) Вычислительная техника: Source Program Maintenance, System Performance Monitor (IBM), Session Protocol Machine (OSI, ISO 8327)15) Нефть: shots per meter, six-point mooring16) Экология: ВЧ, взвешенные частицы, масса взвешенных частиц, частицы во взвешенном состоянии17) Бурение: stroke per minute18) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: число ходов (насоса) в минуту, typical single point mooring (CALM technology), typical single point mooring (SALM technology)19) Нефтегазовая техника выносной точечный причал20) Сетевые технологии: Service Provider Multiplexer, Session Protocol Machine21) Программирование: Set Program Mask22) Автоматика: spindle motor, square-loop pallet magazine23) Сахалин Р: Typical Single Point Mooring CALM Technology, single point mooring, strokes per minute24) Океанография: Suspended Particulate Matter25) Химическое оружие: System Program Manager, site project manager26) Расширение файла: WordPerfect Data, System Performance Monitor (IBM)27) Нефть и газ: SmartPlant Materials (электронная онлайн-система закупок, учета и планирования материалов), ТРП, выносное причальное устройство, точечный рейдовый причал, точечный способ швартовки крупнотоннажных судов, ELSBM, SBM, exposed location SBM, single buoy mooring, точечный способ швартовки, швартовка к одиночному бую28) Каспий: single-point buoy mooring29) Фармация: Study Procedures Manual30) Нанотехнологии: СЗМ, сканирующий зондовый микроскоп, сканирующая зондовая микроскопия31) НАСА: Security Program Manager, Software Programmers Manual, Software Project Management, Sun Photometer32) Программное обеспечение: Software Process Measurement, Source Package Module33) Единицы измерений: Sheets Per Minute, Syllables Per Minute -
62 bridge
= brdg1) (измерительный) мост; мостовая схема || соединять по мостовой схеме2) шунт; перемычка || шунтировать; соединять перемычкой3) свпр мостик4) вчт моста) программное или аппаратное средство обеспечения совместимости между системамиб) часть набора формирующих функциональный блок компьютера ИС (на материнской плате), проф. часть чипсетав) устройство для соединения сегментов сети на канальном уровне в модели ISO/OSIг) ребро графа, не принадлежащее ни одному циклу5) вчт радиомост ( для соединения сегментов сети через радиоэфир)7) фтт мостик; мостиковый фрагмент; валентная связь ( в химических соединениях)8) вчт бридж ( карточная игра)•- alternating-current bridge
- amplification factor bridge
- amplistat bridge
- Anderson bridge
- Anderson-Dayem bridge
- balanced bridge
- Belfils bridge
- bolometer bridge
- box bridge
- Campbell bridge
- Campbell-Colpitz bridge
- capacitance bridge
- capacitance-balance bridge
- carbon bridge
- Carey-Foster bridge
- comparison bridge
- conductance bridge
- conductivity bridge
- conference bridge
- conjugate bridge
- Dayem bridge
- decade bridge
- differential bridge
- digital bridge
- direct-current bridge
- direct-reading bridge
- double bridge
- electric bridge
- equal-arm bridge
- flutter bridge
- four-arm bridge
- frequency bridge
- full-wave bridge
- graph bridge
- Hay bridge
- Heaviside-Campbell mutual-inductance bridge
- Heaviside mutual-inductance bridge
- Heydweiller bridge
- high-frequency bridge
- high-resistance bridge
- Hoopes bridge
- host bridge
- immittance bridge
- impedance bridge
- inductance bridge
- induction bridge
- inductive bridge
- Kelvin bridge
- limit bridge
- low-frequency dielectric bridge
- magnetic bridge
- mail bridge
- Maxwell bridge
- Maxwell dc commutator bridge
- Maxwell inductance bridge
- Maxwell mutual-inductance bridge
- Maxwell-Wien bridge
- measuring bridge
- Mercereau-Notarys bridge
- microwave bridge
- Miller bridge
- Mueller bridge
- multiplex bridge
- mutual-inductance bridge
- Nernst bridge
- north bridge
- Notarys bridge
- ohmic bridge
- out-of-balance bridge
- Owen bridge
- oxygen bridge
- Parks bridge
- PCI bridge
- peer-to-peer bridge
- peripheral component interconnect bridge
- permeability bridge
- phase-shift bridge
- plug bridge
- post-office bridge
- proximity-effect bridge
- Raphael bridge
- ratio-arm bridge
- rectifier bridge
- resistance bridge
- resonance bridge
- Schering bridge
- six-branch bridge
- slideless bridge
- slide-wire bridge
- south bridge
- space bridge
- standing-wave ratio bridge
- strain-gage bridge
- substitution bridge
- summation bridge
- superconducting bridge
- superconducting thin-film bridge
- SWR bridge
- thermistor bridge
- Thomson bridge
- transconductance bridge
- transformer bridge
- transmission bridge
- tube bridge
- tube-factor bridge
- unbalanced bridge
- Wagner ground bridge
- waveguide bridge
- Wheatstone bridge
- Wien bridge
- zero-balance bridge -
63 ♦ out
♦ out (1) /aʊt/A avv. e a. pred.1 fuori; in fuori; all'aperto; ( anche) assente: He's out just now, al momento è fuori (o non è in casa, in ufficio, ecc.); He's out on business, è fuori (o è in viaggio) per affari; DIALOGO → - Recorded delivery- She's out at work, è al lavoro; The book is out at present, il libro è fuori (o in prestito) per il momento; Come out and play, vieni fuori a giocare!; He's out because of sickness, è assente per malattia3 finito; passato; terminato: I'll be seeing you before the week is out, ti verrò a trovare prima della fine della settimana6 pubblicato: When will your new book be out?, quando sarà pubblicato (o quando uscirà) il tuo nuovo libro?7 rivelato; scoperto; trapelato; svelato; di dominio pubblico: The secret is out, il segreto è di dominio pubblico9 out; fuori moda; passato di moda; superato: Miniskirts were out but now are in again, le minigonne erano passate di moda ma ora sono tornate in auge12 esplicito; dichiarato: He sympathizes with our party, but isn't out about it, è un nostro simpatizzante, ma non in modo esplicito13 venuto allo scoperto: He isn't out to his family yet, non è ancora venuto allo scoperto con la famiglia ( dichiarando di essere un gay, ecc.)14 proibito; vietato; escluso; fuori questione: Smoking in the classroom is definitely out, è assolutamente vietato fumare in aula; Going to the disco is out, do you hear?, di andare in discoteca non se ne parla nemmeno, hai capito?15 (seguito da un inf.) intenzionato; che mira a (fare qc.); che punta a: We are all out to win, puntiamo tutti alla vittoria16 incosciente; privo di conoscenza: The rescued boy has been out for hours, sono ore che il ragazzo salvato è privo di conoscenza18 (in altre loc. con il verbo to be, è idiom.; per es.:) The moon is out, c'è la luna; The chickens are out, si sono dischiuse le uova; sono nati i pulcini; The Conservatives were out, i conservatori erano all'opposizione; John is out in New Zealand, John si trova in Nuova Zelanda; to be out at the elbows, avere i gomiti (della giacca) logori, sdruciti; (fig.) essere malmesso, scalcagnato, povero19 (nei verbi frasali, è idiom.; per es.:) to blow out, spegnere (soffiando); to break out, scoppiare, ecc. (► to blow (1), to break, ecc.)20 ( sport: calcio, tennis, pallavolo, ecc.) uscito; fuori; out; in ‘out’: The ball is out, la palla è fuori; The service is out, la battuta è outB out of prep.1 fuori; fuori di; fuori da; da: Tom is out of town now, ora Tom è fuori città; I left the car out of the garage, lasciai l'automobile fuori del garage; Don't throw things out of the window, non gettare oggetti dalla finestra (o dal finestrino)!; Don't drink out of the bottle, non bere dalla bottiglia!; a scene out of a play, una scena (presa) da un dramma2 fra, tra; su: You must choose one out of these six, devi sceglierne uno fra questi sei; It happens in nine cases out of ten, capita in nove casi su dieci NOTA D'USO: - on o out of?-3 a causa di; per: You did it out of spite, l'hai fatto per dispetto; I didn't mention it out of consideration for her feelings, non ho fatto cenno di ciò per non ferirla nei suoi sentimenti5 (naut.) al largo di: We were five miles out of Hamburg when the storm broke, eravamo cinque miglia al largo d'Amburgo quando scoppiò la burrasca6 senza; privo di: He's out of work, è senza lavoro; We are out of wine, siamo senza vino; (autom.) The car is out of petrol, non c'è più benzina (nel serbatoio)● out and away, di gran lunga □ out and out, da cima a fondo; completo, assoluto, perfetto: an out-and-out success, un successo assoluto □ an out-and-out liar, un bugiardo bello e buono □ to be out and about, essere di nuovo in piedi; essere ristabilito e in grado di uscire □ ( slang) out-and-outer, individuo eccezionale; fuoriclasse; ( anche) entusiasta, fanatico; estremista □ ( slang) out cold, svenuto □ out East, in Oriente; nell'Estremo Oriente □ (fam.) to be out for, andare in cerca (o a caccia) di; mirare a: What is he out for?, a che cosa mira? □ to be out for the count, ( boxe) essere contato fino a 10; (fig.) essere kappaò (o svenuto, addormentato della grossa); essere partito (fig.) □ to be out for money, dare la caccia ai soldi; tirare al quattrino □ (naut.) out from, al largo di □ to be out in one's calculations, sbagliarsi nei calcoli; far male i calcoli □ ( nelle corse) to be out in front, essere in testa (alla corsa); essere al comando, aver preso il comando della corsa □ out of bounds, fuori dei limiti; ( cartello) «accesso vietato» □ to be out of breath, essere senza fiato; essere trafelato □ ( parapsicologia) out-of-body, extracorporeo: out-of-body experience, esperienza extracorporea □ out of commission, (mecc.) fuori servizio, guasto; (naut.) in disarmo □ to be out of contract, non essere sotto contratto; essere libero □ to be out of control, non essere sotto controllo, aver preso la mano; (mecc.) non rispondere (più) ai comandi □ to be out of the country, essere all'estero □ (leg.) out-of-court, stragiudiziale; in via amichevole □ to be out of danger, essere fuori pericolo □ out-of-date, antiquato; superato; passato di moda □ out of distance, fuori portata ( dell'avversario); ( boxe, scherma) fuori misura □ out of doors, all'aperto; all'aria aperta; (sost.) l'esterno, l'aria aperta □ out-of-door games, giochi (svaghi, sport) all'aria aperta □ out of doubt, fuori di dubbio; senza dubbio □ (fig.) to be out of one's element, essere come un pesce fuor d'acqua □ ( anche sport) to be out of form, essere giù di forma □ to be out of hand, non essere a portata di mano □ to be out of hearing, non essere a portata di voce □ (fig.) to be out of it, esserne fuori; essere escluso; ( anche) essere male informato; essere in errore □ out of line, fuori linea; non allineato; (fam.) scorretto, presuntuoso □ to be out of one's mind, aver perso la ragione; essere fuori di testa □ to be out of money, essere a corto di quattrini □ to be out of order, essere guasto: The phone is out of order, il telefono è guasto □ to be out of patience with sb., non aver più (o aver perso la) pazienza con q. □ (fis.) out-of-phase, fuori fase; sfasato ( anche fig.) □ to be out of pocket, essere privo di fondi □ out-of-pocket cost, costo vivo □ out-of-pocket expenses, spese vive; piccole spese □ to be out of practice, essere fuori esercizio (o allenamento) □ ( di libro) out-of-print, esaurito; fuori catalogo □ to be out of reach, essere fuori portata; essere irraggiungibile □ (comm.) to be out of sale, essere fuori commercio; essere esaurito □ (tecn.) out of service, fuori servizio; guasto □ (elettr.) out-of-service jack, jack di messa fuori servizio □ out of sight, scomparso alla vista; (fam.) irrealizzabile, incredibile; favoloso, stupendo; ( slang USA) costosissimo, caro; ( anche) suonato ( dall'alcol, dalla droga) □ (comm.: di merce) to be out of stock, essere esaurito □ out-of-town, fuori città; extraurbano; (fig.) semplice, naturale, schietto □ ( anche sport) to be out of training, essere giù di allenamento □ out of use, fuori uso □ out-of-the-way, fuori mano; fuori del comune; insolito, strano: an out-of-the-way village, un paese fuori mano □ to be out of work, esser disoccupato; essere a spasso (fig.) □ (fam.) to be out on one's feet, essere stanco morto □ to be out on one's own, essere tutto solo □ ( slang) to be out on a limb, essere in brache di tela (fig. fam.); essere esposto (o vulnerabile) □ ( slang) to be out to lunch, essere svitato, svanito, svaporato; essere fuori strada, sballato □ (fig.) to be out with sb., essere in rotta con q. □ to live out in the country, abitare in campagna □ (naut.) on the voyage out, nel viaggio d'andata □ times out of number, infinite volte □ tired out, stanco morto □ Out with him!, buttatelo fuori! □ Out you go!, vattene (via)!; Fuori di qui! □ Out with it!, di' quello che hai da dire!; fuori la verità!; sputa il rospo! (fig.) □ (prov.) Out of sight, out of mind, lontano dagli occhi, lontano dal cuore.♦ out (2) /aʊt/prep.out (3) /aʊt/a. attr.1 (di solito nei composti:) esterno, verso l'esterno: out-tray ( USA out-box), cassetta della corrispondenza in partenza● out-migration ► outmigration □ (med.) out patient, paziente di ‘day hospital’; paziente esterno □ out-patient, ambulatoriale: DIALOGO → - Accident and Emergency- You can make an out-patients' appointment with the nurse, puoi prendere un appuntamento ambulatoriale con l'infermiere □ (med.) out-patient department, ambulatorio □ (relig.) out sister, sorella laica; coadiutrice □ (ferr.) the out train, il treno in partenza.out (4) /aʊt/n.1 (tipogr.) vuoto; lacunaout (5) /aʊt/inter.1 fuori!; via!(to) out /aʊt/A v. i.solo nelle loc.: – Truth will out, la verità salta sempre fuori; (prov.) Murder will out, tutti i nodi vengono al pettineB v. t.1 cacciare; buttare fuori2 svelare che (q.) è omosessuale: He threatened to out the judge, minacciò di svelare l'omosessualità del giudice -
64 upward
['ʌpwəd] 1.aggettivo [glance, push, movement] verso l'alto, in su; [path, road] in salita, che sale2.an upward trend — econ. una tendenza al rialzo
* * *adjective (going up or directed up: They took the upward path; an upward glance.) in alto, verso l'alto* * *upward (1) /ˈʌpwəd/a.2 in aumento; in crescita: Inflation has been on an upward trend over the past two years, l'inflazione è stata in crescita negli ultimi due anni; The latest figures show an upward movement in the number of violent crimes, le ultime cifre mostrano un andamento in crescita dei crimini violenti● (comput.) upward compatible software, software compatibile verso l'alto ( con le versioni più aggiornate) □ (econ., fin.) upward drift, tendenza al rialzo □ upward gradient, salita; rampa □ upward mobility, tendenza a elevarsi socialmente o economicamente; mobilità (sociale) verso l'alto □ ( Borsa) upward move, mossa al rialzo □ (econ.) upward phase, fase d'espansione □ (fig.) an upward slope, una crescita.upward (2) /ˈʌpwəd/, upwards /ˈʌpwədz/avv.1 all'insù; verso l'alto; in su: to move upward, spostarsi verso l'alto, salire; (fig.) far progressi; to look upward, guardare in su; guardare in alto● upward of, più di: upward of thirty men, più di trenta uomini □ and upward, e più; e oltre: boys of six years and upward, ragazzi di sei anni e oltre (o dai sei anni in su) □ bottom upward, sottosopra; capovolto □ (fig.) to climb upward, progredire; far carriera.* * *['ʌpwəd] 1.aggettivo [glance, push, movement] verso l'alto, in su; [path, road] in salita, che sale2.an upward trend — econ. una tendenza al rialzo
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65 bridge
1) (измерительный) мост; мостовая схема || соединять по мостовой схеме2) шунт; перемычка || шунтировать; соединять перемычкой3) свпр. мостик4) вчт. моста) программное или аппаратное средство обеспечения совместимости между системамиб) часть набора формирующих функциональный блок компьютера ИС (на материнской плате), проф. часть чипсетав) устройство для соединения сегментов сети на канальном уровне в модели ISO/OSIг) ребро графа, не принадлежащее ни одному циклу5) вчт. радиомост ( для соединения сегментов сети через радиоэфир)7) фтт. мостик; мостиковый фрагмент; валентная связь ( в химических соединениях)8) вчт. бридж ( карточная игра)•- alternating-current bridge
- amplification factor bridge
- amplistat bridge
- Anderson bridge
- Anderson-Dayem bridge
- balanced bridge
- Belfils bridge
- bolometer bridge
- box bridge
- Campbell bridge
- Campbell-Colpitz bridge
- capacitance bridge
- capacitance-balance bridge
- carbon bridge
- Carey-Foster bridge
- comparison bridge
- conductance bridge
- conductivity bridge
- conference bridge
- conjugate bridge
- Dayem bridge
- decade bridge
- differential bridge
- digital bridge
- direct-current bridge
- direct-reading bridge
- double bridge
- electric bridge
- equal-arm bridge
- flutter bridge
- four-arm bridge
- frequency bridge
- full-wave bridge
- graph bridge
- Hay bridge
- Heaviside mutual-inductance bridge
- Heaviside-Campbell mutual-inductance bridge
- Heydweiller bridge
- high-frequency bridge
- high-resistance bridge
- Hoopes bridge
- host bridge
- immittance bridge
- impedance bridge
- inductance bridge
- induction bridge
- inductive bridge
- Kelvin bridge
- limit bridge
- low-frequency dielectric bridge
- magnetic bridge
- mail bridge
- Maxwell bridge
- Maxwell dc commutator bridge
- Maxwell inductance bridge
- Maxwell mutual-inductance bridge
- Maxwell-Wien bridge
- measuring bridge
- Mercereau-Notarys bridge
- microwave bridge
- Miller bridge
- Mueller bridge
- multiplex bridge
- mutual-inductance bridge
- Nernst bridge
- north bridge
- Notarys bridge
- ohmic bridge
- out-of-balance bridge
- Owen bridge
- oxygen bridge
- Parks bridge
- PCI bridge
- peer-to-peer bridge
- peripheral component interconnect bridge
- permeability bridge
- phase-shift bridge
- plug bridge
- post-office bridge
- proximity-effect bridge
- Raphael bridge
- ratio-arm bridge
- rectifier bridge
- resistance bridge
- resonance bridge
- Schering bridge
- six-branch bridge
- slideless bridge
- slide-wire bridge
- south bridge
- space bridge
- standing-wave ratio bridge
- strain-gage bridge
- substitution bridge
- summation bridge
- superconducting bridge
- superconducting thin-film bridge
- SWR bridge
- thermistor bridge
- Thomson bridge
- transconductance bridge
- transformer bridge
- transmission bridge
- tube bridge
- tube-factor bridge
- unbalanced bridge
- Wagner ground bridge
- waveguide bridge
- Wheatstone bridge
- Wien bridge
- zero-balance bridgeThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > bridge
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66 unit
1) компонент; блок; модуль2) единица•- accumulator unit
- actuating unit
- addressing unit
- analog processing unit
- analytic unit
- answerback unit
- answering unit
- antitheft unit
- astronomical unit
- attached unit
- audio response unit
- auto setup unit
- automatic calling unit
- automatic control unit
- automatic network unit
- automatic-dialing unit
- auxiliary memory unit
- auxiliary servicing unit
- bad unit
- balancing unit
- base unit
- basic transmission unit
- bistable unit
- break-contact unit
- built-in heat protecting unit
- burglar-alarm unit
- calibration unit
- calling devices unit
- calling unit
- camera select unit
- camera-channel unit
- camera-control unit
- capacitor unit
- channel service unit
- charging unit
- clocking unit
- command network unit
- command protocol data unit
- communication control unit
- converter unit
- crosstalk unit
- data interface unit
- data transit unit
- data-handling unit
- dc control unit
- decoupling unit
- delay unit
- device control unit
- dial-backup unit
- dialing unit
- digital processing unit
- electronic control unit
- electronic relay unit
- electrostatic units
- exchange-line unit
- exchange-supply unit
- expedited-data unit
- fast-operating unit
- fast-operation unit
- feeding unit
- file-storage unit
- filter unit
- flyaway unit
- frequency conversion unit
- frequency lock-in unit
- frequency selection unit
- Gaussian units
- generator unit
- heat-control unit
- incoming local unit
- incoming toll unit
- incoming-line unit
- independent supply unit
- independent synchronizing unit
- indicator unit
- information unit
- input unit
- integrator unit
- internal unit
- internetworking unit
- junction line unit
- key-telephone unit
- lighting load monitoring unit
- line-connection unit
- lobe-attaching unit
- local unit
- locomotive radio components supply unit
- lone-signal unit
- loudness unit
- magnetic-tape unit
- main control unit
- main fax unit
- main memory unit
- mains synchronizing unit
- matching unit
- media interface unit
- medium attachment unit
- memory unit
- message recording unit
- microprocessor unit
- mine communication supply unit
- modular unit
- motor amplifier unit
- multipath unit
- multiprocessor unit
- multisection switching unit
- network terminating unit
- N-unit
- office interface unit
- off-line unit
- on-door speakers unit
- operational unit
- outgoing line unit
- output unit
- pan/tilt unit
- peripheral unit
- phase-shifting unit
- phasing unit
- power supply unit
- power unit
- printing unit
- processing unit
- program unit
- programming unit
- quad-on-line unit
- quartz crystal unit
- quick-disconnect control unit
- radio frequency unit
- radio station unit
- rectifier unit
- reference generator unit
- regeneration unit
- registrating unit
- relay testing unit
- relay unit
- remote control unit
- remote display unit
- remote subscriber unit
- replacement unit
- request unit
- resistor unit
- retransmission unit
- RF unit
- selective-gain unit
- self-contained unit
- sensing unit
- shared unit
- shared-control unit
- signal processing unit
- six-wire switching unit
- smooth-closing unit
- sound repetitor protection unit
- spark protecting unit
- stabilizator unit
- still picture unit
- storage unit
- studio devices unit
- sub unit
- subscriber's unit
- subundercarrier unit
- supply unit
- switch point operative communication unit
- switching unit
- synchronization signal unit
- system memory unit
- system unit
- tape unit
- telecine unit
- telecontrol unit
- telephone-control unit
- telephone-modulator unit
- teleprompter unit
- temperature-sending unit
- terminal retransmissions unit
- terminal unit
- terrestrial telemechanics unit
- three-wire switching unit
- time-base unit
- traffic unit
- transfer unit
- transit communication unit
- transmissive unit
- transmitting antenna unit
- tributary unit
- two-section switching unit
- undercarrier unit
- underground telemechanics unit
- unit of power
- vibrator unit
- video request unit
- video-out unit
- voice message control unit
- voice recognition unit
- voicememory unit
- writing unitEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > unit
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67 plant
1. завод; предприятие2. установка; агрегат; станция3. объект < управления>air-conditioning plantassembly plantcontrol augmented plantgas turbine power plantk/s2 plantminimum phase plantnonlinear plantoff-nominal plantopen-loop plantsix-state plantsubassembly plantunstable plant -
68 flight
полет; рейс; перелёт; звено; летательный аппарат ( в полете) ; ркт. стартовый комплекс; лётный; полётный; бортовой1g flight — прямолинейный горизонтальный полет, полет с единичной перегрузкой, полет без ускорения или торможения
45° climbing inverted flight — набор высоты под углом 45° в перевёрнутом положении
45° climbing knife flight — набор высоты под углом 45° с боковым скольжением, подъём «по лезвию» под углом 45°
45° diving knife flight — пикирование под углом 45° с боковым скольжением, пикирование «по лезвию» под углом 45°
45° sliding flight — набор высоты под углом 45° с боковым скольжением, подъём «по лезвию» под углом 45°
45° sliding flight — пикирование под углом 45° с боковым скольжением, пикирование «по лезвию» под углом 45°
90° climbing flight — вертикальный подъём, отвесный набор высоты
break up in flight — разрушаться в воздухе [в полете]
Doppler hold hovering flight — полет на висении со стабилизацией по доплеровскому измерителю скорости сноса
flight at the controls — полет за рычагами управления (в качестве лётчика, пилотирующего самолёт)
flight on the deck — бреющий полет, полет на предельно малой высоте
— q flight -
69 simulator
моделирующая установка; имитатор; тренажерcombat aircrew rescue simulator — имитатор процессов спасения членов экипажа ЛА, получившего повреждение в боевой обстановке
three-axis satellite motion simulator — установка для моделирования пространственного движения спутника
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70 Bacon, Francis Thomas
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 21 December 1904 Billericay, Englandd. 24 May 1992 Little Shelford, Cambridge, England[br]English mechanical engineer, a pioneer in the modern phase of fuel-cell development.[br]After receiving his education at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge, Bacon served with C.A. Parsons at Newcastle upon Tyne from 1925 to 1940. From 1946 to 1956 he carried out research on Hydrox fuel cells at Cambridge University and was a consultant on fuel-cell design to a number of organizations throughout the rest of his life.Sir William Grove was the first to observe that when oxygen and hydrogen were supplied to platinum electrodes immersed in sulphuric acid a current was produced in an external circuit, but he did not envisage this as a practical source of electrical energy. In the 1930s Bacon started work to develop a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell that operated at moderate temperatures and pressures using an alkaline electrolyte. In 1940 he was appointed to a post at King's College, London, and there, with the support of the Admiralty, he started full-time experimental work on fuel cells. His brief was to produce a power source for the propulsion of submarines. The following year he was posted as a temporary experimental officer to the Anti-Submarine Experimental Establishment at Fairlie, Ayrshire, and he remained there until the end of the Second World War.In 1946 he joined the Department of Chemical Engineering at Cambridge, receiving a small amount of money from the Electrical Research Association. Backing came six years later from the National Research and Development Corporation (NRDC), the development of the fuel cell being transferred to Marshalls of Cambridge, where Bacon was appointed Consultant.By 1959, after almost twenty years of individual effort, he was able to demonstrate a 6 kW (8 hp) power unit capable of driving a small truck. Bacon appreciated that when substantial power was required over long periods the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell associated with high-pressure gas storage would be more compact than conventional secondary batteries.The development of the fuel-cell system pioneered by Bacon was stimulated by a particular need for a compact, lightweight source of power in the United States space programme. Electro-chemical generators using hydrogen-oxygen cells were chosen to provide the main supplies on the Apollo spacecraft for landing on the surface of the moon in 1969. An added advantage of the cells was that they simultaneously provided water. NRDC was largely responsible for the forma-tion of Energy Conversion Ltd, a company that was set up to exploit Bacon's patents and to manufacture fuel cells, and which was supported by British Ropes Ltd, British Petroleum and Guest, Keen \& Nettlefold Ltd at Basingstoke. Bacon was their full-time consultant. In 1971 Energy Conversion's operation was moved to the UK Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell, as Fuel Cells Ltd. Bacon remained with them until he retired in 1973.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsOBE 1967. FRS 1972. Royal Society S.G. Brown Medal 1965. Royal Aeronautical Society British Silver Medal 1969.Bibliography27 February 1952, British patent no. 667,298 (hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell). 1963, contribution in W.Mitchell (ed.), Fuel Cells, New York, pp. 130–92.1965, contribution in B.S.Baker (ed.), Hydrocarbon Fuel Cell Technology, New York, pp. 1–7.Further ReadingObituary, 1992, Daily Telegraph (8 June).A.McDougal, 1976, Fuel Cells, London (makes an acknowledgement of Bacon's contribution to the design and application of fuel cells).D.P.Gregory, 1972, Fuel Cells, London (a concise introduction to fuel-cell technology).GW -
71 Reynolds, Edwin
[br]b. 1831 Mansfield, Connecticut, USAd. 1909 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA[br]American contributor to the development of the Corliss valve steam engine, including the "Manhattan" layout.[br]Edwin Reynolds grew up at a time when formal engineering education in America was almost unavailable, but through his genius and his experience working under such masters as G.H. Corliss and William Wright, he developed into one of the best mechanical engineers in the country. When he was Plant Superintendent for the Corliss Steam Engine Company, he built the giant Corliss valve steam engine displayed at the 1876 Centennial Exhibition. In July 1877 he left the Corliss Steam Engine Company to join Edward Allis at his Reliance Works, although he was offered a lower salary. In 1861 Allis had moved his business to the Menomonee Valley, where he had the largest foundry in the area. Immediately on his arrival with Allis, Reynolds began desig-ning and building the "Reliance-Corliss" engine, which becamea symbol of simplicity, economy and reliability. By early 1878 the new engine was so successful that the firm had a six-month backlog of orders. In 1888 he built the first triple-expansion waterworks-pumping engine in the United States for the city of Milwaukee, and in the same year he patented a new design of blowing engine for blast furnaces. He followed this in March 1892 with the first steam engine sets coupled directly to electric generators when Allis-Chalmers contracted to build two Corliss cross-compound engines for the Narragansett Light Company of Providence, Rhode Island. In 1893, one of the impressive attractions at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago was the 3,000 hp (2,200 kW) quadruple-expansion Reynolds-Corliss engine designed by Reynolds, who continued to make significant improvements and gained worldwide recognition of his outstanding achievements in engine building.Reynolds was asked to go to New York in 1898 for consultation about some high-horsepower engines for the Manhattan transport system. There, 225 railway locomotives were to be replaced by electric trains, which would be supplied from one generating station producing 60,000 hp (45,000 kW). Reynolds sketched out his ideas for 10,000 hp (7,500 kW) engines while on the train. Because space was limited, he suggested a four-cylinder design with two horizontal-high-pressure cylinders and two vertical, low-pressure ones. One cylinder of each type was placed on each side of the flywheel generator, which with cranks at 135° gave an exceptionally smooth-running compact engine known as the "Manhattan". A further nine similar engines that were superheated and generated three-phase current were supplied in 1902 to the New York Interborough Rapid Transit Company. These were the largest reciprocating steam engines built for use on land, and a few smaller ones with a similar layout were installed in British textile mills.[br]Further ReadingConcise Dictionary of American Biography, 1964, New York: C.Scribner's Sons (contains a brief biography).R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (provides a brief account of the Manhattan engines) Part of the information for this biography is derived from a typescript in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: T.H.Fehring, "Technological contributions of Milwaukee's Menomonee Valley industries".RLH
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