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101 mathematics
[mæƟə'mætiks](( abbreviation maths [mæ ], (American) math [mæƟ]) the science or branch of knowledge dealing with measurements, numbers and quantities.) matematika- mathematically
- mathematician* * *• matematika -
102 świ|at
m 1. sgt (kula ziemska) the world, the globe- podróż dookoła świata a journey round a. around the world- najwyższy/największy na świecie the highest/largest in the world- stary jak świat as old as the hills2. sgt (najbliższa okolica) the (outside) world- jest taka mgła, że świata nie widać it’s so foggy a. misty (that) you can’t see anything3. sgt (rzeczywistość) the world- odsunąć się od świata to withdraw a. retire from the world- chcieć zmienić świat to want to change the world4. (dalekie strony) the world- szeroki świat the world at large- iść w świat to go out into the world- wiadomości ze świata world news5. (region) world- podwodny świat the submarine world6. sgt (ludzkość) the world- cały świat ją podziwiał the entire world admired her7. (środowisko) world- świat artystyczny/naukowy the word of art/science- świat przestępczy the criminal world8. (przyroda) world- świat organiczny/nieorganiczny the organic/inorganic world- świat zwierząt the animal world- świat z betonu i szkła a world of concrete and glass9 (dziedzina) world- świat dźwięków/cyfr the world of sound(s)/numbers- świat marzeń the world of dreams10 książk. (kosmos) the universe 11 (ośrodek życia w kosmosie) world- wojna światów war of the worlds12 sgt (byt) world- świat realny the real world- świat duchowy the spiritual world- □ Nowy Świat książk. the New World- Stary Świat książk. the Old World- Trzeci Świat Polit. the Third World■ elegancki świat żart. high society- wielki a. szeroki świat the rich and (the) famous- ten świat this world- nie z tego świata not of this world- przenieść a. wyprawić się na tamten świat to go to meet one’s Maker żart.; to go the way of all flesh- wyprawić a. wysłać kogoś na tamten świat to dispatch sb (into the next world) żart., to send sb to meet their Maker żart.- tamten świat the next world, the afterworld- za nic w świecie not for all the world- błagać a. prosić na wszystko w świecie to beg for all one is worth- na oczach świata in public, in full view (of the public)- bywać w świecie a. chodzić po świecie to walk the earth- podbić świat to conquer the world- świata nie widzieć poza kimś/czymś to think all the world of sb- przyjść na świat książk. to be born- puścić w świat to spread [wiadomość, plotkę]- wejść w świat to enter society- zapomnieć o całym a. bożym świecie to be oblivious to the whole a. entire world- żegnać się ze światem książk. to take one’s leave of the world- świat idzie naprzód a. do przodu the world is advancing (all the time)- świat stoi przed kimś otworem the world is sb’s oyster- świat i ludzie! pot. that’s more than enoughThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > świ|at
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103 mathematics
[mæƟə'mætiks](( abbreviation maths [mæ ], (American) math [mæƟ]) the science or branch of knowledge dealing with measurements, numbers and quantities.) matematică- mathematically
- mathematician -
104 mathematics
[mæƟə'mætiks](( abbreviation maths [mæ ], (American) math [mæƟ]) the science or branch of knowledge dealing with measurements, numbers and quantities.) μαθηματικά- mathematically
- mathematician -
105 в том-то и дело!
разг.that's just the point!; that is the whole thing!; that's just the trouble!; there is the rub! the thing (the point, the trouble) is that...; exactly!Если бы можно было посадить на это дело сто учёных! Но в том-то и дело, что в науке количеством не всегда возьмёшь, тут часто решает чья-то догадка, чьё-то озарение. (Д. Гранин, Иду на грозу) — If only one could set a hundred scientists on the job! But the trouble was that numbers were not always decisive in science. It was often a matter of inspiration, brilliant guess-work on the part of one man.
В том-то и дело, что мы и судьбы наши - как камешки на этом морском берегу. Все похожи один на другой, но двух одинаковых не найдёшь. (В. Солоухин, Девочка на урезе моря) — That is the whole thing - that we and our fates are like the pebbles on the sea shore, all alike but no two the same.
- В том лесу облепиха, очевидно, особенная? - догадался я. - В том-то и дело! - воскликнул Эрко. (В. Тельпугов, Дыхание костра) — 'I suppose there is something special about the buckthorn there?' I hazarded. 'Exactly!' Erko cried.
Русско-английский фразеологический словарь > в том-то и дело!
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106 mathematics
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107 mathematics
[mæƟə'mætiks](( abbreviation maths [mæ ], (American) math [mæƟ]) the science or branch of knowledge dealing with measurements, numbers and quantities.) mathématiques- mathematically - mathematician -
108 mathematics
[mæƟə'mætiks](( abbreviation maths [mæ ], (American) math [mæƟ]) the science or branch of knowledge dealing with measurements, numbers and quantities.) matemática- mathematically - mathematician -
109 Blanquart-Evrard, Louis-Désiré
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 2 August 1802 Lille, Franced. 28 April 1872 Lille, France[br]French photographer, photographic innovator and entrepreneur.[br]After beginning his working life in a tobacco company, Blanquart-Evrard became Laboratory Assistant to a chemist. He also became interested in painting on ivory and porcelain, foreshadowing a life-long interest in science and art. Following his marriage to the daughter of a textile merchant, Blanquart-Evrard became a partner in the family business in Lyon. During the 1840s he became interested in Talbot's calotype process and found that by applying gallic acid alone, as a developing agent after exposure, the exposure time could be shorter and the resulting image clearer. Blanquart-Evrard recognized that his process was well suited to producing positive prints in large numbers. During 1851 and 1852, in association with an artist friend, he became involved in producing quantities of prints for book illustrations. In 1849 he had announced a glass negative process similar to that devised two years earlier by Niepcc de St Victor. The carrying agent for silver salts was albumen, and more far-reaching was his albumen-coated printing-out paper announced in 1850. Albumen printing paper was widely adopted and the vast majority of photographs made in the nineteenth century were printed in this form. In 1870 Blanquart-Evrard began an association with the pioneer colour photographer Ducos du Hauron with a view to opening a three-colour printing establishment. Unfortunately plans were delayed by the Franco-Prussian War, and Blanquart-Evrard died in 1872 before the project could be brought to fruition.[br]Bibliography1851, Traité de photographie sur papier, Paris (provides details of his improvements to Talbot's process).Further ReadingJ.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E. Epstein, New York.JWBiographical history of technology > Blanquart-Evrard, Louis-Désiré
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110 Scheutz, George
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 23 September 1785 Jonkoping, Swedend. 27 May 1873 Stockholm, Sweden[br]Swedish lawyer, journalist and self-taught engineer who, with his son Edvard Raphael Scheutz (b. 13 September 1821 Stockholm, Sweden; d. 28 January 1881 Stockholm, Sweden) constructed a version of the Babbage Difference Engine.[br]After early education at the Jonkoping elementary school and the Weixo Gymnasium, George Scheutz entered the University of Lund, gaining a degree in law in 1805. Following five years' legal work, he moved to Stockholm in 1811 to work at the Supreme Court and, in 1814, as a military auditor. In 1816, he resigned, bought a printing business and became editor of a succession of industrial and technical journals, during which time he made inventions relating to the press. It was in 1830 that he learned from the Edinburgh Review of Babbage's ideas for a difference engine and started to make one from wood, pasteboard and wire. In 1837 his 15-yearold student son, Edvard Raphael Scheutz, offered to make it in metal, and by 1840 they had a working machine with two five-digit registers, which they increased the following year and then added a printer. Obtaining a government grant in 1851, by 1853 they had a fully working machine, now known as Swedish Difference Engine No. 1, which with an experienced operator could generate 120 lines of tables per hour and was used to calculate the logarithms of the numbers 1 to 10,000 in under eighty hours. This was exhibited in London and then at the Paris Great Exhibition, where it won the Gold Medal. It was subsequently sold to the Dudley Observatory in Albany, New York, for US$5,000 and is now in a Chicago museum.In England, the British Registrar-General, wishing to produce new tables for insurance companies, and supported by the Astronomer Royal, arranged for government finance for construction of a second machine (Swedish Difference Engine No. 2). Comprising over 1,000 working parts and weighing 1,000 lb (450 kg), this machine was used to calculate over 600 tables. It is now in the Science Museum.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the Swedish Academy of Sciences, Paris Exhibition Medal of Honour (jointly with Edvard) 1856. Annual pension of 1,200 marks per annum awarded by King Carl XV 1860.Bibliography1825, "Kranpunpar. George Scheutz's patent of 14 Nov 1825", Journal for Manufacturer och Hushallning 8.1855, with E.S.Scheutz, Machine à calcul qui présente les résultats en les imprimantellemême, Stockholm.Further ReadingR.C.Archibald, 1947, "P.G.Scheutz, publicist, author, scientific mechanic and Edvard Scheutz, engineer. Biography and Bibliography", MTAC 238.U.C.Merzbach, 1977, "George Scheutz and the first printing calculator", SmithsonianStudies in History and Technology 36:73.M.Lindgren, 1990, Glory and Failure (the Difference Engines of Johan Muller, Charles Babbage and George \& Edvard Scheutz), Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.KF -
111 الحساب (علم)
الحِسَاب (عِلْم) \ arithmetic: (science of) working with numbers. -
112 arithmetic
الحِسَاب (عِلْم) \ arithmetic: (science of) working with numbers.
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