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reserve-ranks

  • 1 subsidium

    subsĭdĭum, ii, n. [subsideo].
    I.
    Milit. t. t.
    A.
    Orig., the troops stationed in reserve in the third line of battle (behind the principes), the line of reserve, reserve-ranks, triarii:

    subsidium dicebatur, quando milites subsidebant in extremā acie labentique aciei succurrebant. Quod genus militum constabat ex iis, qui emeruerant stipendia, locum tamen retinebant in exercitu: quae erat tertia acies triariorum,

    Fest. p. 306 Müll.; cf.:

    subsidium, quod postpositum est ad subveniendum laborantibus,

    id. p. 223 ib.:

    triarii quoque dicti, quod in acie tertio ordine extremis subsidio deponebantur: quod hi subsidebant, ab eo subsidium dictum,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 ib. (very rare):

    subsidia et secundam aciem adortus,

    Liv. 4, 28:

    jaculatores fugerunt inter subsidia ad secundam aciem,

    id. 21, 46:

    impulsa frons prima et trepidatio subsidiis illata,

    id. 6, 13:

    in subsidiis pugnacissimas locaverunt gentes,

    Curt. 3, 9, 3:

    in subsidiis positi,

    id. 4, 13, 28.—
    B.
    A body of reserve, an auxiliary corps, auxiliary forces, etc. (class.; syn.: suppetiae, auxilium): duae cohortes de subsidio procedunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 363, 18:

    rem esse in angusto vidit, neque ullum esse subsidium, quod submitti posset,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

    neque certa subsidia collocari poterant,

    id. ib. 2, 22:

    cohortes veteranas in fronte, post eas ceterum exercitum in subsidiis locat,

    stationed as a reserve, Sall. C. 59, 5.—
    C.
    Abstr., support in battle, aid, help, relief, succor, assistance:

    cum alius alii subsidium ferrent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26:

    funditores Baleares subsidio oppidanis mittit,

    id. ib. 2, 7:

    missi in subsidium equites,

    Tac. A. 12, 55:

    Italiae subsidio proficisci,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 78; cf. Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:

    integros subsidio adducit,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 87:

    subsidio venire,

    Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1:

    commune in Germanos Gallosque subsidium, octo legiones erant,

    Tac. A. 4, 5.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen., support, assistance, aid, help, protection, etc. (syn. adjumentum).
    (α).
    Sing.:

    abi quaerere, ubi jurando tuo satis sit subsidii,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 26:

    mihi hoc subsidium (sc. juris interpretationem) jam inde ab adulescentia comparavi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 45 199; cf.: ut illud subsidium (sc. bibliothe [p. 1782] cam) senectuti parem, id. Att. 12, 3, 52:

    subsidium bellissimum existimo senectuti otium,

    id. de Or. 1, 60, 255; cf. id. Quint. 1, 4:

    sine talium virorum subsidio resistere,

    id. Clu. 1, 3:

    his difficultatibus duae res erant subsidio,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

    fidissimum annonae subsidium,

    Liv. 27, 5:

    aurum ad subsidium fortunae relictum,

    id. 22, 32:

    non aliud subsidium quam misericordia Caesaris fuit,

    Tac. A. 2, 63:

    nec tibi subsidio sit praesens numen,

    Ov. Ib. 285.—
    (β).
    Plur.:

    industriae subsidia,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:

    frumentaria subsidia rei publicae,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

    sibi subsidia ad omnes vitae status parare,

    id. Fam. 9, 6, 4:

    his ego subsidiis ea sum consecutus,

    id. ib. 15, 4, 14; Suet. Calig. 12:

    ad omnes casus subsidia comparare,

    to prepare resources, make provision, Caes. B. G. 4, 31:

    mare circa Capreas importuosum et vix modicis navigiis pauca subsidia,

    Tac. A. 4, 67.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subsidium

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