Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

reform+judaism+ru+xx

  • 1 Union for Reform Judaism

    Religion: URJ

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Union for Reform Judaism

  • 2 Women of Reform Judaism

    Religion: WRJ

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Women of Reform Judaism

  • 3 היהדות הרפורמית

    Reform Judaism

    Hebrew-English dictionary > היהדות הרפורמית

  • 4 иудаизм

    (монотеистическая национальная религия евреев; иудаизм - религ. система, возникшая на территории Палестины на рубеже 2-1 тысячелетия до н. э.) Judaism, Hebraism, the Jewish religion

    консервативный иудаизм (возник во 2-й пол. 19 в. как реакция на крайние формы реформистского иудаизма, стремившегося порвать с ритуальной стороной еврейской религии; в отличие от реформистов, консерваторы считают обязательным следование почти всем ритуалам Торы, подчёркивая их истор. ценность для еврейского народа)Conservative Judaism

    ортодоксальный иудаизм (одно из 3-х основных направлений в совр. иудаизме; ортодоксальный иудаизм рассматривает себя как продолжателя и хранителя тысячелетней еврейской религ. традиции, основанной на соблюдении галахи, и не признаёт религ. характер консервативного и реформистского иудаизма; в наст. время подразделяется на множество весьма отличающихся друг от друга направлений; ортодоксального иудаизма придерживается подавляющее большинство религ. израильтян, примерно половина евреев Европы и ок. 10% евреев США)Orthodox Judaism

    реформистский иудаизм (либеральное направление в иудаизме, возникшее в Германии в нач. 19 в.)Reform Judaism

    Русско-английский словарь религиозной лексики > иудаизм

  • 5 либеральный иудаизм

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > либеральный иудаизм

  • 6 реформистский иудаизм

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > реформистский иудаизм

  • 7 Колледж иудейского союза

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Колледж иудейского союза

  • 8 конфирмация

    1) General subject: chrism, chrisom, confirmation, cream
    2) Religion: confirmation (1. A Christian rite conferring the gift of the Holy Spirit and among Protestants full church membership; 2. A ceremony of Reform Judaism confirming youths in their faith)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > конфирмация

  • 9 תנועה ליהדות מתקדמת

    the reformist movement, Reform Judaism

    Hebrew-English dictionary > תנועה ליהדות מתקדמת

  • 10 Reformjudentum

    Re·form·ju·den·tum
    <->
    nt kein pl REL Reform Judaism

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Reformjudentum

  • 11 Визе, Исаак Майер

    (1819-1900; амер. религ. деятель, лидер реформаторского движения в иудаизме ( Reform Judaism); участвовал в создании Союза амер. иудейских приходов ( the Union of American Hebrew Congregations) (1873), Ивритского колледжа Союза ( the Hebrew Union College) (1875) для обучения раввинов и Центральной конференции амер. раввинов ( the Central Conference of American Rabbis) (1889); считал иудаизм рациональной религией, которая не должна быть скована догмами; отменил двухдневные выходные и ношение ермолок, сократил использование иврита в богослужении, ввёл в практику синагог хоровое пение, воскресную службу и др.) Wise, Isaac Mayer

    Русско-английский словарь религиозной лексики > Визе, Исаак Майер

  • 12 Judaísmo reformista

    m.
    Reform Judaism.

    Spanish-English dictionary > Judaísmo reformista

  • 13 Всемирный союз прогрессивного иудаизма

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Всемирный союз прогрессивного иудаизма

  • 14 Catholic church

       The Catholic Church and the Catholic religion together represent the oldest and most enduring of all Portuguese institutions. Because its origins as an institution go back at least to the middle of the third century, if not earlier, the Christian and later the Catholic Church is much older than any other Portuguese institution or major cultural influence, including the monarchy (lasting 770 years) or Islam (540 years). Indeed, it is older than Portugal (869 years) itself. The Church, despite its changing doctrine and form, dates to the period when Roman Lusitania was Christianized.
       In its earlier period, the Church played an important role in the creation of an independent Portuguese monarchy, as well as in the colonization and settlement of various regions of the shifting Christian-Muslim frontier as it moved south. Until the rise of absolutist monarchy and central government, the Church dominated all public and private life and provided the only education available, along with the only hospitals and charity institutions. During the Middle Ages and the early stage of the overseas empire, the Church accumulated a great deal of wealth. One historian suggests that, by 1700, one-third of the land in Portugal was owned by the Church. Besides land, Catholic institutions possessed a large number of chapels, churches and cathedrals, capital, and other property.
       Extensive periods of Portuguese history witnessed either conflict or cooperation between the Church as the monarchy increasingly sought to gain direct control of the realm. The monarchy challenged the great power and wealth of the Church, especially after the acquisition of the first overseas empire (1415-1580). When King João III requested the pope to allow Portugal to establish the Inquisition (Holy Office) in the country and the request was finally granted in 1531, royal power, more than religion was the chief concern. The Inquisition acted as a judicial arm of the Catholic Church in order to root out heresies, primarily Judaism and Islam, and later Protestantism. But the Inquisition became an instrument used by the crown to strengthen its power and jurisdiction.
       The Church's power and prestige in governance came under direct attack for the first time under the Marquis of Pombal (1750-77) when, as the king's prime minister, he placed regalism above the Church's interests. In 1759, the Jesuits were expelled from Portugal, although they were allowed to return after Pombal left office. Pombal also harnessed the Inquisition and put in place other anticlerical measures. With the rise of liberalism and the efforts to secularize Portugal after 1820, considerable Church-state conflict occurred. The new liberal state weakened the power and position of the Church in various ways: in 1834, all religious orders were suppressed and their property confiscated both in Portugal and in the empire and, in the 1830s and 1840s, agrarian reform programs confiscated and sold large portions of Church lands. By the 1850s, Church-state relations had improved, various religious orders were allowed to return, and the Church's influence was largely restored. By the late 19th century, Church and state were closely allied again. Church roles in all levels of education were pervasive, and there was a popular Catholic revival under way.
       With the rise of republicanism and the early years of the First Republic, especially from 1910 to 1917, Church-state relations reached a new low. A major tenet of republicanism was anticlericalism and the belief that the Church was as much to blame as the monarchy for the backwardness of Portuguese society. The provisional republican government's 1911 Law of Separation decreed the secularization of public life on a scale unknown in Portugal. Among the new measures that Catholics and the Church opposed were legalization of divorce, appropriation of all Church property by the state, abolition of religious oaths for various posts, suppression of the theology school at Coimbra University, abolition of saints' days as public holidays, abolition of nunneries and expulsion of the Jesuits, closing of seminaries, secularization of all public education, and banning of religious courses in schools.
       After considerable civil strife over the religious question under the republic, President Sidónio Pais restored normal relations with the Holy See and made concessions to the Portuguese Church. Encouraged by the apparitions at Fátima between May and October 1917, which caused a great sensation among the rural people, a strong Catholic reaction to anticlericalism ensued. Backed by various new Catholic organizations such as the "Catholic Youth" and the Academic Center of Christian Democracy (CADC), the Catholic revival influenced government and politics under the Estado Novo. Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar was not only a devout Catholic and member of the CADC, but his formative years included nine years in the Viseu Catholic Seminary preparing to be a priest. Under the Estado Novo, Church-state relations greatly improved, and Catholic interests were protected. On the other hand, Salazar's no-risk statism never went so far as to restore to the Church all that had been lost in the 1911 Law of Separation. Most Church property was never returned from state ownership and, while the Church played an important role in public education to 1974, it never recovered the influence in education it had enjoyed before 1911.
       Today, the majority of Portuguese proclaim themselves Catholic, and the enduring nature of the Church as an institution seems apparent everywhere in the country. But there is no longer a monolithic Catholic faith; there is growing diversity of religious choice in the population, which includes an increasing number of Protestant Portuguese as well as a small but growing number of Muslims from the former Portuguese empire. The Muslim community of greater Lisbon erected a Mosque which, ironically, is located near the Spanish Embassy. In the 1990s, Portugal's Catholic Church as an institution appeared to be experiencing a revival of influence. While Church attendance remained low, several Church institutions retained an importance in society that went beyond the walls of the thousands of churches: a popular, flourishing Catholic University; Radio Re-nascenca, the country's most listened to radio station; and a new private television channel owned by the Church. At an international conference in Lisbon in September 2000, the Cardinal Patriarch of Portugal, Dom José Policarpo, formally apologized to the Jewish community of Portugal for the actions of the Inquisition. At the deliberately selected location, the place where that religious institution once held its hearings and trials, Dom Policarpo read a declaration of Catholic guilt and repentance and symbolically embraced three rabbis, apologizing for acts of violence, pressures to convert, suspicions, and denunciation.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Catholic church

См. также в других словарях:

  • REFORM JUDAISM — REFORM JUDAISM, first of the modern interpretations of Judaism to emerge in response to the changed political and cultural conditions brought about by the emancipation . The Reform movement was a bold historical response to the dramatic events of …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Reform Judaism — refers to the spectrum of beliefs, practices and organizational infrastructure associated with Reform Judaism in North America and in the United Kingdom. [Meyer, Michael. Response to Modernity: A History of the Reform Movement in Judaism (New… …   Wikipedia

  • Reform Judaism — Judaism as observed by Reform Jews. [1900 05] * * * Religious movement that has modified or abandoned many traditional Jewish beliefs and practices in an effort to adapt Judaism to the modern world. It originated in Germany in 1809 and spread to… …   Universalium

  • Reform Judaism (North America) — Reform Judaism is the largest denomination of American Jews today. [Bob Abernathy, [http://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/week238/cover.html Reform Judaism ] , Public Broadcasting Service, May 1999.] [Matthew Wagner and Greer Fay Cashman,… …   Wikipedia

  • Reform Judaism (United Kingdom) — Reform Judaism in the United Kingdom in one of the two forms of Progressive Judaism found in the United Kingdom, the other being Liberal Judaism. Reform Judaism is both historically earlier and more traditionalist than Liberal Judaism. British… …   Wikipedia

  • Reform Judaism outreach — refers to those organizational and educational efforts by the Reform Judaism, Progressive Judaism and Liberal Judaism Jewish denominations meant to reach out and attract Jews and non Jews, often the spouses and children in cases of Jewish… …   Wikipedia

  • Reform Judaism (magazine) — Reform Judaism is the official magazine of the Union for Reform Judaism. Its print edition has a quarterly circulation to 300,000 households, synagogues, and other Jewish institutions. [ [http://reformjudaismmag.org/adinfo/ Reform Judaism… …   Wikipedia

  • Reform Judaism — Reform′ Ju′daism n. jud a branch of Judaism that stresses ethical teachings and frequently simplifies or rejects traditional beliefs and practices to meet the conditions of contemporary life Compare Orthodox Judaism Conservative Judaism •… …   From formal English to slang

  • Reform Judaism — noun 1. the most liberal Jews; Jews who do not follow the Talmud strictly but try to adapt all of the historical forms of Judaism to the modern world • Hypernyms: ↑Judaism, ↑Hebraism, ↑Jewish religion • Member Meronyms: ↑Reform Jew 2. beliefs and …   Useful english dictionary

  • Reform Judaism — noun A form of Judaism less strict than most others, with services often conducted with less Hebrew. See Also: Judaism, Conservative Judaism, Orthodox Judaism, Reconstructionist Judaism, Chasidim, Jew, Jewish …   Wiktionary

  • Reform Judaism — noun Date: circa 1905 Judaism marked by a liberal approach in nonobservance of much legal tradition regarded as irrelevant to the present and in shortening and simplification of traditional ritual compare Conservative Judaism, Orthodox Judaism …   New Collegiate Dictionary

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»