-
101 Gresley, Sir Herbert Nigel
[br]b. 19 June 1876 Edinburgh, Scotlandd. 5 April 1941 Hertford, England[br]English mechanical engineer, designer of the A4-class 4–6–2 locomotive holding the world speed record for steam traction.[br]Gresley was the son of the Rector of Netherseale, Derbyshire; he was educated at Marlborough and by the age of 13 was skilled at making sketches of locomotives. In 1893 he became a pupil of F.W. Webb at Crewe works, London \& North Western Railway, and in 1898 he moved to Horwich works, Lancashire \& Yorkshire Railway, to gain drawing-office experience under J.A.F.Aspinall, subsequently becoming Foreman of the locomotive running sheds at Blackpool. In 1900 he transferred to the carriage and wagon department, and in 1904 he had risen to become its Assistant Superintendent. In 1905 he moved to the Great Northern Railway, becoming Superintendent of its carriage and wagon department at Doncaster under H.A. Ivatt. In 1906 he designed and produced a bogie luggage van with steel underframe, teak body, elliptical roof, bowed ends and buckeye couplings: this became the prototype for East Coast main-line coaches built over the next thirty-five years. In 1911 Gresley succeeded Ivatt as Locomotive, Carriage \& Wagon Superintendent. His first locomotive was a mixed-traffic 2–6–0, his next a 2–8–0 for freight. From 1915 he worked on the design of a 4–6–2 locomotive for express passenger traffic: as with Ivatt's 4 4 2s, the trailing axle would allow the wide firebox needed for Yorkshire coal. He also devised a means by which two sets of valve gear could operate the valves on a three-cylinder locomotive and applied it for the first time on a 2–8–0 built in 1918. The system was complex, but a later simplified form was used on all subsequent Gresley three-cylinder locomotives, including his first 4–6–2 which appeared in 1922. In 1921, Gresley introduced the first British restaurant car with electric cooking facilities.With the grouping of 1923, the Great Northern Railway was absorbed into the London \& North Eastern Railway and Gresley was appointed Chief Mechanical Engineer. More 4–6– 2s were built, the first British class of such wheel arrangement. Modifications to their valve gear, along lines developed by G.J. Churchward, reduced their coal consumption sufficiently to enable them to run non-stop between London and Edinburgh. So that enginemen might change over en route, some of the locomotives were equipped with corridor tenders from 1928. The design was steadily improved in detail, and by comparison an experimental 4–6–4 with a watertube boiler that Gresley produced in 1929 showed no overall benefit. A successful high-powered 2–8–2 was built in 1934, following the introduction of third-class sleeping cars, to haul 500-ton passenger trains between Edinburgh and Aberdeen.In 1932 the need to meet increasing road competition had resulted in the end of a long-standing agreement between East Coast and West Coast railways, that train journeys between London and Edinburgh by either route should be scheduled to take 8 1/4 hours. Seeking to accelerate train services, Gresley studied high-speed, diesel-electric railcars in Germany and petrol-electric railcars in France. He considered them for the London \& North Eastern Railway, but a test run by a train hauled by one of his 4–6–2s in 1934, which reached 108 mph (174 km/h), suggested that a steam train could better the railcar proposals while its accommodation would be more comfortable. To celebrate the Silver Jubilee of King George V, a high-speed, streamlined train between London and Newcastle upon Tyne was proposed, the first such train in Britain. An improved 4–6–2, the A4 class, was designed with modifications to ensure free running and an ample reserve of power up hill. Its streamlined outline included a wedge-shaped front which reduced wind resistance and helped to lift the exhaust dear of the cab windows at speed. The first locomotive of the class, named Silver Link, ran at an average speed of 100 mph (161 km/h) for 43 miles (69 km), with a maximum speed of 112 1/2 mph (181 km/h), on a seven-coach test train on 27 September 1935: the locomotive went into service hauling the Silver Jubilee express single-handed (since others of the class had still to be completed) for the first three weeks, a round trip of 536 miles (863 km) daily, much of it at 90 mph (145 km/h), without any mechanical troubles at all. Coaches for the Silver Jubilee had teak-framed, steel-panelled bodies on all-steel, welded underframes; windows were double glazed; and there was a pressure ventilation/heating system. Comparable trains were introduced between London Kings Cross and Edinburgh in 1937 and to Leeds in 1938.Gresley did not hesitate to incorporate outstanding features from elsewhere into his locomotive designs and was well aware of the work of André Chapelon in France. Four A4s built in 1938 were equipped with Kylchap twin blast-pipes and double chimneys to improve performance still further. The first of these to be completed, no. 4468, Mallard, on 3 July 1938 ran a test train at over 120 mph (193 km/h) for 2 miles (3.2 km) and momentarily achieved 126 mph (203 km/h), the world speed record for steam traction. J.Duddington was the driver and T.Bray the fireman. The use of high-speed trains came to an end with the Second World War. The A4s were then demonstrated to be powerful as well as fast: one was noted hauling a 730-ton, 22-coach train at an average speed exceeding 75 mph (120 km/h) over 30 miles (48 km). The war also halted electrification of the Manchester-Sheffield line, on the 1,500 volt DC overhead system; however, anticipating eventual resumption, Gresley had a prototype main-line Bo-Bo electric locomotive built in 1941. Sadly, Gresley died from a heart attack while still in office.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1936. President, Institution of Locomotive Engineers 1927 and 1934. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1936.Further ReadingF.A.S.Brown, 1961, Nigel Gresley, Locomotive Engineer, Ian Allan (full-length biography).John Bellwood and David Jenkinson, Gresley and Stanier. A Centenary Tribute (a good comparative account).See also: Bulleid, Oliver Vaughan SnellPJGRBiographical history of technology > Gresley, Sir Herbert Nigel
-
102 свидетельствовать
•Newton, whose continuing allegiance to corpuscularism is repeatedly attested by his letters...
•A clustering around this limit of secondary components of... attests (or suggests) that the tendency to expand...
•The physiographic differences between the Earth and the Moon bear witness to (or point to) the geological significance of...
•The smooth-flowing text betokens an excellent job of translation.
•The wide disagreement with the facts is demonstration that the simplified notion...
•This predominates, as evidenced by the progressive decrease...
•Figure 4 indicates (or points to the fact) that the yield of lactic acid decreases with the increase of...
•The number of papers concerned with perforated-plate performance is indicative of a lively interest in...
•This in itself is testimony to the size and intricacy of...
•Today a fossil record has been found to bear witness to three of the key events in the earliest stages of...
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > свидетельствовать
-
103 (служебная) характеристика
Military: performance recordУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > (служебная) характеристика
-
104 график рабочей характеристики
Quality control: performance recordУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > график рабочей характеристики
-
105 достижение
1) General subject: a feather in (one's) cap, a feather in one's bonnet, a feather in one's cap, accomplishment, achievement, advance, arrival, attainable, attainment, consummation (цели), development, effort, obtainment, obtention, performance, reaching, success, a feather in one's hat (что-то, чем можно гордиться; ещё один "плюс"), acquirability2) Colloquial: prang4) Law: milestone (в некоторых контекстах)5) Jargon: cheevie (от achievement; видеоигры)6) Oil: totalling7) Business: breakthrough, progress, realization8) Drilling: record9) Programming: accomplishing, achieving10) Chemical weapons: attaining (уровня и т.п.)11) Makarov: achievement (прогресс, успех), acquisition, advance (прогресс, успех), attainment (осуществление, приобретение каких-л. кач-в), breakthrough (важное открытие в науке, технике) -
106 запись параметров работоспособности лётчика
Military: pilot performance description recordУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > запись параметров работоспособности лётчика
-
107 карточка учёта производительности
Business: performance record cardУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > карточка учёта производительности
-
108 карточка учёта результатов деятельности
Engineering: performance record cardУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > карточка учёта результатов деятельности
-
109 микрофиша документов служебной аттестации
Military: performance record microficheУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > микрофиша документов служебной аттестации
-
110 определение продуктивности по данным учёта
Agriculture: record-of-performance testУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > определение продуктивности по данным учёта
-
111 отличная работа
1) General subject: excellent record (за прошлые годы)2) Mathematics: top performance3) Phraseological unit: bang up job -
112 результаты
1) General subject: (финансовые) financials, fruit, fruits, harvest, performance, repercussion, outcome2) Medicine: outcomes3) Sports: scores (матчей и т.п.)4) Chemistry: data5) Mathematics: evidence6) Oil: reproducible results7) Geophysics: results8) Ecology: findings (исследования, эксперимента)9) Advertising: totals10) Business: key take-aways, key takeaways11) Sakhalin energy glossary: deliverables12) Network technologies: output13) Programming: outputs14) Aviation medicine: findings (исследования)15) Makarov: programme output, record, repercussions, return16) Gold mining: assay17) Logistics: effects -
113 свидетельствовать о
1) General subject: attest to, bear record to, bespeak (напр, choosing professional industry members to sit on its board clearly bespeaks Sibneft's intention to propel the stock performance), speak for (образно), to be indicative of (smth.) (чем-л.), witness, witness (чём-л.), represent2) Diplomatic term: testify to (чём-л.)3) Politics: (чем-л.) provide evidence of (smth)4) Advertising: bear evidence of5) leg.N.P. attend to (in the sense of offering evidence for something)6) Makarov: give evidence of7) Gold mining: be indicative ofУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > свидетельствовать о
-
114 стабильный режим работы
Transport: solid performance recordУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > стабильный режим работы
-
115 учёт выполнения работ подрядчиком
Military: contractor performance recordУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > учёт выполнения работ подрядчиком
-
116 учёт производительности работы работника
Sociology: performance recordУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > учёт производительности работы работника
-
117 gut
Gut n WIWI good* * *adj < Geschäft> good, strong, auspicious ■ eine gute Presse haben < Geschäft> have a good press ■ etw. auf gut Glück kaufen infrml < Geschäft> buy sth on spec infrml ■ gute Arbeit leisten < Person> do a good job ■ gute Ergebnisse erzielen <Bank, Geschäft> EZB show good performance, perform well ■ gute Leistungen vorzuweisen haben < Person> Bewerbung, Lebenslauf, Zeugnisse show a proven track record ■ in gutem Wartungszustand < Geschäft> in good repair ■ in guter Geschäftslage < Geschäft> well-situated for business ■ in guter Position < Geschäft> well-placed ■ in guter Verfassung < Geschäft> in good trim, in good shape infrml ■ mit einer guten Vorbildung < Person> good ecucational background ■ mit guten EDV-Kenntnissen < Comp> computer-literateadv < Geschäft> well ■ gut auf Stress reagieren < Person> react well under stress, respond well under stress ■ gut ausgebildet < Person> schulisch well-educated, well-trained ■ gut ausgewogen adj < Geschäft> well-balanced ■ gut beraten sein < Geschäft> be well advised ■ gut bestückt < Geschäft> well-stocked ■ gut bezahlt < Person> well-paid ■ gut dotiert < Person> Position well-paid ■ gut eingeführt < Geschäft> Firma well-established ■ gut geführt < Bank> FHC, USA well managed (FHC, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act) ■ gut gehend <Geschäft, Vw> thriving, doing well ■ gut im Rennen liegen < Geschäft> be well placed, be in the running for ■ gut in Form sein <Frei, Sozial> be in good form, be in good shape ■ gut in Stand sein jarg <Frei, Sozial> be in good shape, be in good trim ■ gut informiert <Geschäft, Pol> well-informed ■ gut marktgängig < Geschäft> good sound merchantable (BE) (gsm) ■ gut motiviert < Person> Betriebsklima, Arbeitszufriedenheit well-motivated ■ gut präsentiert <V&M> well-packaged ■ gut situiert < Geschäft> well-off ■ gut unterrichtet <Geschäft, Pol> well-informed ■ gut verpackt < Transp> well-packaged ■ gut versorgt < Geschäft> well-off ■ sich gut entwickeln < Geschäft> thrive, prosper, flourish* * *Gut
(Besitz) property, possessions, (Gutshof) estate, farm, landed estate (property), (Vermögen) property, assets, effects, (Ware) goods, merchandise, wares;
• angeschwemmtes Gut driftage;
• unrechtmäßig erworbenes Gut ill-gotten gains;
• gerettetes Gut salvage;
• gestohlenes Gut stolen property;
• heimgefallenes Gut property escheated, escheat;
• herrenloses Gut abandoned property, waif, stray, derelict, goods unclaimed;
• spezifisch öffentliches Gut purely public good;
• schwimmendes Gut (Ware) cargo (goods) afloat, venture;
• seetriftiges Gut flotsam;
• sperriges Gut bulky goods;
• veränderliches Gut (Versicherung) shifting property;
• verderbliches Gut perishables;
• eingebrachtes Gut der Ehefrau separate (dotal) property, marriage portion;
• Hab und Gut goods and chattels, belongings;
• Gut bewirtschaften to work a farm;
• sein Gut um zehn Morgen vergrößern to annex ten acres to one’s farm;
• Gut verwalten to factor an estate;
• Gut in Grund und Boden wirtschaften to bring a farm to total ruin. -
118 Arbeitsnachweis (für eine Einzelperson)
Arbeitsnachweis
(Behörde) employment agency (bureau, exchange, Br.), (Bescheinigung) certificate of employment;
• staatlicher Arbeitsnachweis employment (labo(u)r) exchange (Br.);
• täglicher Arbeitsnachweis daily performance record;
• Arbeitsnachweis [für eine Einzelperson] employment records (US).
Arbeitsnachweis (für eine Einzelperson)
employment records (US).Business german-english dictionary > Arbeitsnachweis (für eine Einzelperson)
-
119 Höchstladedichte
Höchstladedichte
(Tiertransport) maximum loading density;
• Höchstladegewicht maximum load;
• Höchstlast maximum (peak, limit) load;
• Höchstlaufzeit remaining life;
• Höchstleistung top (maximum, peak) output, record, peak (maximum) performance, (Maschine) maximum efficiency (power);
• produktive Höchstleistung (Mensch) productive efficiency;
• Höchstleistungseinrichtung high-production equipment;
• Höchstleistungsgrenze peak capacity;
• Höchstlohn peak (maximum) wage, ceiling;
• festgesetzte Höchstlöhne wage ceilings;
• gesetzliche Höchstmiete rent ceiling;
• Höchstniveau optimum level. -
120 Höchstleistung
Höchstleistung
top (maximum, peak) output, record, peak (maximum) performance, (Maschine) maximum efficiency (power)
См. также в других словарях:
Record (performance) — Performance sportive Sommaire 1 Définition 2 Facteurs de la performance 2.1 L’endurance 2.2 La force 2.3 … Wikipédia en Français
Record du monde de l'heure sur piste — Record de l heure cycliste Ondrej Sosenka battant le record de l heure le 19 juillet 2005 à Moscou. Le record de l heure est une épreuve cycliste qui se déroule généralement sur piste et qui consiste à parcourir la plus grande distance possible… … Wikipédia en Français
record — [ r(ə)kɔr ] n. m. • 1882; mot angl., de to record « rappeler, enregistrer », du fr. recorder (vx), rac. cord « cœur » 1 ♦ Exploit sportif qui dépasse ce qui a été fait avant dans le même genre et par la même catégorie de sportifs. Homologuer un… … Encyclopédie Universelle
performance — [ pɛrfɔrmɑ̃s ] n. f. • 1839; mot angl. , de l a. fr. parformance (XVIe), de parformer « accomplir, exécuter » 1 ♦ Résultat chiffré obtenu dans une compétition (par un cheval, un athlète). Les performances d un champion. Performance homologuée.… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Record du monde de natation messieurs du 50 metres nage libre — Record du monde de natation messieurs du 50 mètres nage libre Progression du record du monde de natation sportive messieurs pour l épreuve du 50 mètres nage libre en bassin de 50 et 25 mètres. Progression des records du monde de natation… … Wikipédia en Français
Record d'Europe de natation messieurs du 100 metres nage libre — Record d Europe de natation messieurs du 100 mètres nage libre Progression du record du monde de natation sportive messieurs pour l épreuve du 100 mètres nage libre en bassin de 50 et 25 mètres. Progression des records d Europe de natation… … Wikipédia en Français
Record d'europe de natation messieurs du 100 mètres nage libre — Progression du record du monde de natation sportive messieurs pour l épreuve du 100 mètres nage libre en bassin de 50 et 25 mètres. Progression des records d Europe de natation messieurs Nage libre … Wikipédia en Français
Record de France de natation messieurs du 800 metres nage libre — Record de France de natation messieurs du 800 mètres nage libre Progression du record de France de natation sportive messieurs pour l épreuve du 800 mètres nage libre en bassin de 50 et 25 mètres. Progression des records de France de natation… … Wikipédia en Français
Record du monde de natation dames du 50 metres brasse — Record du monde de natation dames du 50 mètres brasse Progression du record du monde de natation sportive dames pour l épreuve du 50 mètres brasse en bassin de 50 et 25 mètres. Évolution des records du monde de natation dames Nage libre : 50 … Wikipédia en Français
Record d'europe de natation dames du 50 mètres dos — Progression du record d Europe de natation sportive dames pour l épreuve du 50 mètres dos en bassin de 50 et 25 mètres. Progression des records d Europe de natation dames Nage libre 50 m • … Wikipédia en Français
Record du monde de natation messieurs du 100 metres nage libre — Record du monde de natation messieurs du 100 mètres nage libre Progression du record du monde de natation sportive messieurs pour l épreuve du 100 mètres nage libre en bassin de 50 et 25 mètres. Progression des records du monde de natation… … Wikipédia en Français