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ragna

  • 1 ragna

    (að), v. to imprecate, invoke upon one (ragna e-t at e-m).
    * * *
    að, [regin], to imprecate, use exorcism; hygg ek at þú hafir ragnat at mér svá rammar vættir at ek varð at falla fyrir, Fms. ii 150; nema þeim ragni íllska eðr úvizka, unless they be cursed (afflicted?) with illness or insanity, N. G. L. i. 3.
    2. in mod. usage, to swear; blóta og ragna, to curse and swear.

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  • 2 ragna-

    gen. from regin.

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  • 3 ragna-rök

    see regin and rök.

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  • 4 RÖKR

    n., sounded rökkr (reykkr, Fms. iv. 70) with a double k; rokkr, Fb. i. 538; røckr, Ó. H. 28; in Edda the Ób. gives kk, the Kb. k, which is the better form, see Edda i. 186, foot-note 3: see also rökvit:—the twilight; rökr rökra, Hdl. 1; en við rökkr kom þar Þorfinnr Önundarson, Sturl. i. 156; um rökkr (røckr Cod.) eða um nætr, Ó. H. 28; þau tóku fæðslu bæði saman við rökr, Greg. 65: seldom of the morning twilight, as rennr dagr rökkrið þrýtr, Úlf. 9. 83: the twilight is in Icel. the time set apart for song and story-telling, as in the ditty, Árni Böðvarsson til sanns sýngr ljóð í rökrum | bezta skáld um bygðir lands, búandi á Ökrum.
    2. the mythol. phrase, ragna rökr, the twilight of the gods, which occurs in the prose Edda (by Snorri), and has since been received into modern works, is no doubt merely a corruption from rök (q. v.), a word quite different from rökr; the corruption may have originated from Ls. 39—úlfgi hefir ok vel er í böndum skal bíða ragna rökrs, which resembles, Hjaðningar skolu svá bíða ragna rökrs, Edda i. 436: ragna-rökr is the form used throughout in the Edda, allt til ragna rökrs, 98; þar liggr hann til ragna rökrs, 114; hver tíðendi eru at segja frá um ragna rökr, 186; en þát er þeir göra langa frásögn of ragna rökr, þat er Trojumanna-orrosta, Edda (pref.); en við ragna rökr kom Miðgarðsormr, id.; frá fimbul-vetri ok ragna rökkrum, Edda (Ub.) ii. 290: the word occurs nowhere else in old writers.

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  • 5 RÖK

    * * *
    n. pl.
    1) reason, ground, origin (nú skal segja, af hverjum rökum heiðnir menn héldu jól);
    2) wonder, marvel; forn r., great things of yore; firrist (imperat.) æ forn r. firar, let bygones be bygones; stór r., mighty things, great marvels; tíva r., the life and doings of the gods; þjóða r., origin, creation of mankind; í aldar r., at the end of the world; ragna r., see ragnarök.
    * * *
    n. pl. [O. H. G. rahha = sentence, judgment; the word is prob. akin to rakna, rak-, rekja, réttr]:—a reason, ground, origin; segja nokkur rök frá Dróttins-degi, Leiðarv. 5; nú skal tína nokkut um rök tiðanna, 625. 164; af þessum rökum hófsk sjá hátíð, Hom. 132; enn eru regulares, er upp hefjask af enum sömum rökum, Rb. 124; ek skal víss verða af hverjum rökum úrar-horn er upp runnit, Fas. iii. 633; nú skal segja af hverjum rökum heiðnir menn héldu Jól sín, Fb. i. 564, Hom. (St.); nú eru þessi rök til, hví Guð vildi, Mar.; Dróttinn sýndi þeim flest rök sinnar dýrðar á þessum degi, Hom. (St.); fvrra dag sögðum vér nakkvat frá tvennum rökum hátíðar þeirrar, id.
    2. a wonder, sign, marvel; vér vitum at hann (Christ) var borinn með myklum rökum, en þó var hann með meirum tákmun skírðr, Hom. 56; önnur rök þau sem Guðspjöll segja, 686 B. 14; spá-sögur ok þau rök er hann (Christ) sýndi í heimi, 625. 163; forn rök, great things of yore; var haldit fyrir speki ok spádóm flest þat er hón (the prophetess) sagði af fornum rökum, Fb. i. 77; firrisk æ forn rök fírar, i. e. let bygones be bygones, Ls. 25; stór rök, mighty things; stór verða rök, rignir bióði, Merl. 2. 31; sjá þessi rök þrennar aldir, 2. 77; ráða mörg rök, to foretell many events, 1. 2:—alda rök, the beginning, the creation of the world, Edda i. 36; but also of the end of the world, dooms-day, Vþm. 39; þjóða rök, the origin, creation of mankind; sv;á þundr um reis (not reist?) fyrir þjóða rök, thus Th. arose ere the memory of man, Hm. 146; tíva rök, the life and doings of the gods, Vþm. 38, 40, 42.
    3. the old phrase, ragna rök, the history of the gods and the world, but esp. with reference to the last act, the last judgment, doom’s-day, weird of gods and the world; feigum munni mælta ek mína forna stafi ok um ragna rök, with ‘fey’ mouth I spake my old saws of the life and fate of the gods, Vþm. 55; eru þat svik ein er ek sjá þykkjumk eða ragna rök, ríða menn dauðir, is what I behold a delusion or is it the last day, do dead men ride? Hkv. 2. 38, 39; unz ragna rök rjúfendr koma, Vtkv. 14; fram sé ek lengra um ragna rök röm, Vsp. 40; görðisk (= görðusk) rök ragna, it was as if the world’s end was at hand, Am. 22,—thus always in old poems, with the sole exception of Ls. 39, see rökr.

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  • 6 REGIN

    (gen. ragna), n. pl. the ruling powers, the gods, = rögn.
    * * *
    n. pl., only in nom. and acc., for ragna, rögnum are formed from rögn (q. v.), analogously to magn and megin; [Ulf. ragin = γνώμη, δόγμα, and raginon = ἡγεμονεύειν, ragineis = σύμβουλος, βουλευτής; Hel. reginu-gescapu = mighty weird]:— the gods as the makers and rulers of the universe, the word being peculiar to the ancient poems; regin heita goð heiðin, bönd ok rögn, Edda ii. 430: freq. in the Vsp., þá gengu r. öll á rökstóla, ginnheilög goð, 6, 9, 27, 29; nýt regin, Vþm. 25; fróð regin, 26; vís regin, 39; fjöld ek fór fjöld ek reynda regin, 44, 46, 48, 50, 54; blíð regin, Gm. 6, 37, 41, Ls, 32; holl regin, 4; þá er regin deyja, Vþm. 47; urðu heldr hamljó: regin, Haustl. 10; ráð öll ok regin, Hkm. 18; Hrímfaxi heitir er hverja dregr nótt of nýt regin, Vþm. 13, 14:—regin is a pantheistic word, including the world, in such phrases as, unz rjúfask regin, 40; þá er rjúfask regin, 52, Gm. 4, Ls. 41; þá er í ráði at regn (i. e. regin, acc.) um þrjóti, then is the end of the world nigh, Hdl. 41; cp. ragna rök, the world-doom, answering to Saxon muspilli; as also ragna-rökr, for the explanation of which word see rök and rökr: ginn-regin, q. v.; upp-reginn, the heavenly powers, Haustl.; þrym-regin, q. v.; ragna sjöt, the seat of the gods = the heavens, Vsp. 33: in prose only in the phrase, enda mælir rán ok regin (acc.) við oss á sogurt ofan, he speaks to us rán and regin, i. e. he scolds and curses, Ölk. 36; hann var Baldr með Ásum, er öll regin grétu, Fas. i. 473, in a paraphrase from a lost poem.
    II. in pr. names, Reginn, a mythical name, Edda, Völs. S: esp. in compds, Regin-leif, a fem. name, Landn., but mostly contr. Ragn- or Rögn-: of women, Ragna, Ragn-heiðr, Ragn-hildr; of men, Ragnarr, Rögn-valdr, Landn.; cp. old Germ. and Saxon names beginning with Ragin-, mod. Rain-, Rayn-, Ran-, as Reginald, Reynolds. In COMPDS, [cp. Hel. regini-blind, regin-scatho, regin-thiof], mighty, great: regin-djúp, n. the deep sea. regin-djúpr, adj. mighty deep, Vísna bók 1612. regin-dómr, m. pl. the mighty doom, the last judgment, Vsp. 64; rúnar ok regindóma, mighty spells, Hm. 112 (but not in Cod. Reg.) regin-fjall, n. a wild fell, mountain wilderness, Gsp., and in mod. usage. regin-gaddi, a, m. = reginnagli, Edda ii. 494. regin-grjót, n. the holy stones, altars (hörgr), Gs. 19 regin-haf, n. the main, freq. in mod. usage. regin-hylr, m. = regindjúp, Stef. Ól. regin-kungr, adj. = Gr. διογενής, epithet of a king, Hðm. 26. regin-kunnr, adj. world-known, Hm. 112. regin-nagli, a, m. a sacred peg in the ancient high-seats was called so, Eb. 10 new Ed. regin-spönn, f. a kind of axe, Edda (Gl.) regin-þing, n. the great council, Hkv. 1. 50.

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  • 7 RÖGN

    n. pl. the gods, = regin.
    * * *
    n. pl. the gods = regin, q. v.; ramaukin rögn, Vellekla; rögn ok Óðin, Hallfr.; Hróptr rögna, Hm,; rögna kind, Hdl.: and in compds, rögna-konr, the kinsman of the gods, Vellekla; ragna-sjöt, the seat of the gods, i. e. heaven; ragna-rök, the world’s doom, spell of the gods, see below.
    II. in pr. names, Rögn-valdr, etc.; and of women, Ragn-eiðr, Ragn-hildr; see regin.

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  • 8 SJÓT

    n. pl.
    1) abode, home; ragna s., the seat of the gods, the heavens;
    2) company, host.
    * * *
    n., and sjöt, of which sjöt makes a rhyme with mjöt, Höfuðl. 19; [the word is not derived from sitja, but from sveit, q. v., changing v into j, as in hvel and hjól]:—a host, assembly, but also home, abode; manna sjöt, a host of men, Höfuðl. l. c.; sótt hefi ek mörg mildinga sjót, I have visited many kings’ men, kingly assemblies, Ad. 2; flotna sjót, a ‘fleet-crew’ mariners, Lex. Poët.; ýta sjót, rekka sjót, id.; ragna sjót, the seat of the gods, i. e. the heavens, Vsp.; tungls sjót, the moon’s home, i. e. the sky, Bragi; sólar sjót, the sun’s land, i. e. the sky, Skv. 1. 52; þursa þjóðar sjót, the giant-land, Fsm. 1; Heljar sjót, ‘Hell-home,’ id.; sjótum görvöllum, to all men, Hdl.

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  • 9 røkkr

    n. twilight; ragna r., the twilight of the gods, the end of the world = ragna rök.

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  • 10 røkr

    n. twilight; ragna r., the twilight of the gods, the end of the world = ragna rök.

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  • 11 RAMR

    a. hoarse (háss ok rámr).
    * * *
    adj., röm, ramt; rammr is a less correct form, as shewn by the passage, ramr er sterkr en rámr enn hási, Skálda (Thorodd) 163: and by the rhymes, gramr, rami Hallfred; sömum, römum, Ht. 38; but we also have gamma, ramma, Vellekla; römm, skömmu, Cod. Fris. 255: mod. usage distinguishes between ramr, strong, and rammr, bitter, whence remma, bitterness: [North. E. ram]:—strong, stark, mighty, of bodily strength, ramr at afli, Nj. 219, Eb. 182, Ld. 26, Eg. 52, 596, Fs. 3, 54; kvaðat mann raman, Hým. 28: the phrase, setja ramar skorður við e-u, af nokkurum römmum ribbalda, Stj. 65, and passim: the allit. phrase, við raman er reip at draga, to pull a rope with the strong, to struggle against what is fated, Nj. 10, Fs. 75, Fms. ii. 107:—strong, mighty, with the notion of fatal or charmed power; ramt tré, Hm. 137; þau blót verða römust er lifandi menn eru blótaðir, Fms. ii. 77; atkvæði ramra hluta, Fs. 23: römm ummæli, Grett. 177 new Ed.; röm ragna rök, Vsp. 40; röm róg, Sdm. 37; ramt mein, Edda (in a verse); sá er goðin ætti ramari, Fms v. 319; ramar fylgjur, Fs. 50; rammar vættir, Fms. ii. 150; raman ok röskvan Ríg, Rm. 1; svá ríkt eðr ramt, Edda 27; gala ramt (adverb.), Og 6; fátt er ramara en forneskjan, a saying, Grett. 144:—vehement, röm ást, strong love, Korm.; ramr harmr, Fms. iv. (in a verse); röm víg. fiery slaughter, vi. (in a verse):—as a nickname, hann var mikill maðr ok sterkr ok kallaðr Þórarinn rammi, Korm. 140; Finnbogi rammi, Landn.
    II. bitter, biting, opp. to sweet; ramr reykr, Merl. 1. 12: vatn þat er þrysvar ramt, … en gott ávalt þess á milli, Rb. 354; römm reyksvæla, Hkr. Cod. Fris. 255 (in a verse); ramt gras, Eluc. 141; rammar súrur, Hom. 119; ramr drykkr, Hom. (St.)
    III. in poët. compds, ram-dýr, of ships; -blik, the strong beam = gold; -glygg, a strong gale; -þing, a meeting = battle, Lex. Poët.

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  • 12 REIN

    * * *
    f., dat. reinu, e. g. mark-reinu, kaup-reinu, Gþl. 460, 485; sef-reinu, Lex. Poët.; pl. reinar; [Scot. rins]:—a strip of land, freq. in mod. usage; mark-rein, skógar-rein (q. v.), a strip of woodland; kaup-rein, a market-place: poët., ragna rein, the heavenly strip, i. e. the rainbow. Hd.; geð-rein, the mind’s strip, i. e. the breast; svana flug-rein, swan’s pinion-strip, i. e. the sky, Harms. 44: in circumlocutions, baug-rein, rein steina, = a woman, Lex. Poët.

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  • 13 RIGNA

    * * *
    (-di, -dr), v. to rain upon, wet with rain (var hann með engu móti rigndr eða vátr); impers., rignir, it rains; with dat., þar með rigndi á þá blóði vellanda, it also rained boiling blood on them.
    * * *
    d, regna, Hom. 5, Fms. x. 323, [regn; cp. Dan. regne; Swed. regna]:—to rain, 656 B. 12: followed by a dat., rignir eldi ok brennu-steini, Ver. 13; rignir blóði, Darr.; blóði hafði rignt í skúrinni, Eb. 260, passim in old and mod. usage: part. rigndr, wet from rain, Bs. i. 322.
    II. [regin] = ragna, rigna við rögn, to blaspheme against the gods, Bs. i. 13 (in a verse).

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  • 14 ROK

    * * *
    n. pl.
    1) reason, ground, origin (nú skal segja, af hverjum rökum heiðnir menn héldu jól);
    2) wonder, marvel; forn r., great things of yore; firrist (imperat.) æ forn r. firar, let bygones be bygones; stór r., mighty things, great marvels; tíva r., the life and doings of the gods; þjóða r., origin, creation of mankind; í aldar r., at the end of the world; ragna r., see ragnarök.
    * * *
    n. [rjúka], the splashing, foaming sea, Skíða R. 203, passim.

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  • 15 VITR

    (acc. vitran), a. wise (v. maðr).
    * * *
    vitr, vitrt, adj., the r is radical; compar. vitrari, superl. vitrastr:—wise, of a person; vitr ok víðfrægr, Symb. 32; þú ert okkar vitrari, Fms. i. 59; vitr maðr ok réttorðr, Fb. i. 516; manna vitrastr, Nj. 2; kvenna vitrust ok vænust, Fms. vi. 119; þeir sem vitrari váru, 13; honum virðisk mærin vitr ok hæversk, 57; at ráði allra vitrustu manna, Anal. 160; þeir er vitrir hugðusk vera, Barl. 127; vitr kona ertú, Ragna, Orkn. 254; hvat þá varð vitri (dat. fem.), Am. 12; Sigurðr jarl var manna vitrastr, Fms. i. 13; hann var vitr maðr ok forspár um marga hluti, Eb. 42; jafnan vægir inn vitrari, Fms. vi. 220; fár er svá vitr at allt sjái sem er, a saying, Orkn. 304; stór-vitr, all-vitr, al-vitr, ú-vitr, spak-vitr, mis-vitr, slæg-vitr, qq. v.
    2. = vitrligr, of a rare thing; vitr áhyggja, Eluc. 2.

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