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prototype+construction

  • 1 Prototypenbau

    Prototypenbau
    prototype construction;
    • Prototypproduktion pilot production.

    Business german-english dictionary > Prototypenbau

  • 2 исследуемое сооружение в естественном масштабе

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > исследуемое сооружение в естественном масштабе

  • 3 результат эталонных испытаний

    Construction: prototype test result

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > результат эталонных испытаний

  • 4 toirca'a

    Construction: troci+cabra prototype Structure: x1 = cabra1 (apparatus) = troci1 (try), x2 = cabra2 (apparatus function) = troci2 (attempted), x3 = cabra3 (apparatus operator)

    Lojban-English lujvo dictionary > toirca'a

  • 5 макет

    1) General subject: d, decoy, dummy, maquette, miniature (модели построек и т. п. в миниатюре), model, training hardware (для тренировки), draft (a preliminary draft of a report)
    2) Aviation: mock-up model
    3) Naval: diagram
    5) Engineering: breadboard, breadboard construction, breadboard model, camera-ready copy, dummy (модель), experimental model, model (модель), pattern (модель), prototype (опытный образец), set-up
    6) Automobile industry: mockup (автомобиля, трактора)
    8) Cinema: miniature (модели построек и т.п. в миниатюре), scale model
    10) TV: setup
    11) Telecommunications: preliminary sample
    12) Information technology: artwork, brassboard, dummy (установки), layout, layout drawing (расположения информации на перфокарте), mockup, model set
    13) Oil: mock-up, pictorial
    15) Cartography: model (напр. местности), target model (местности)
    16) Metrology: prototype unit
    18) Advertising: layout (издания), makeup, pre-production prototype
    19) Patents: lay-out (книги)
    20) Household appliances: breadboard construction setup
    22) Automation: production prototype
    23) Quality control: breadboard kit, preproduction prototype
    26) Aviation medicine: simulator device
    27) Makarov: dummy (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), dummy (установки, машины), layout draw, mock-up (в натуральную величину), mock-up (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), mockup (в натуральную величину), model (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), pattern (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), phantom, prototype model

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > макет

  • 6 Lartigue, Charles François Marie-Thérèse

    [br]
    b. 1834 Toulouse, France d. 1907
    [br]
    French engineer and businessman, inventor of the Lartigue monorail.
    [br]
    Lartigue worked as a civil engineer in Algeria and while there invented a simple monorail for industrial or agricultural use. It comprised a single rail carried on trestles; vehicles comprised a single wheel with two tubs suspended either side, like panniers. These were pushed or pulled by hand or, occasionally, hauled by mule. Such lines were used in Algerian esparto-grass plantations.
    In 1882 he patented a monorail system based on this arrangement, with important improvements: traction was to be mechanical; vehicles were to have two or four wheels and to be able to be coupled together; and the trestles were to have, on each side, a light guide rail upon which horizontal rollers beneath the vehicles would bear. Early in 1883 the Lartigue Railway Construction Company was formed in London and two experimental prototype monorails were subsequently demonstrated in public. One, at the Paris Agricultural Exhibition, had an electric locomotive that was built in two parts, one either side of the rail to maintain balance, hauling small wagons. The other prototype, in London, had a small, steam locomotive with two vertical boilers and was designed by Anatole Mallet. By now Lartigue had become associated with F.B. Behr. Behr was Managing Director of the construction company and of the Listowel \& Ballybunion Railway Company, which obtained an Act of Parliament in 1886 to built a Lartigue monorail railway in the South West of Ireland between those two places. Its further development and successful operation are described in the article on Behr in this volume.
    A much less successful attempt to establish a Lartigue monorail railway took place in France, in the départment of Loire. In 1888 the council of the département agreed to a proposal put forward by Lartigue for a 10 1/2 mile (17 km) long monorail between the towns of Feurs and Panissières: the agreement was reached on the casting vote of the Chairman, a contact of Lartigue. A concession was granted to successive companies with which Lartigue was closely involved, but construction of the line was attended by muddle, delay and perhaps fraud, although it was completed sufficiently for trial trains to operate. The locomotive had two horizontal boilers, one either side of the track. But the inspectors of the department found deficiencies in the completeness and probable safety of the railway; when they did eventually agree to opening on a limited scale, the company claimed to have insufficient funds to do so unless monies owed by the department were paid. In the end the concession was forfeited and the line dismantled. More successful was an electrically operated Lartigue mineral line built at mines in the eastern Pyrenees.
    It appears to have reused equipment from the electric demonstration line, with modifications, and included gradients as steep as 1 in 12. There was no generating station: descending trains generated the electricity to power ascending ones. This line is said to have operated for at least two years.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1882, French patent no. 149,301 (monorail system). 1882, British patent no. 2,764 (monorail system).
    Further Reading
    D.G.Tucker, 1984, "F.B.Behr's development of the Lartigue monorail", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 55 (describes Lartigue and his work).
    P.H.Chauffort and J.-L.Largier, 1981, "Le monorail de Feurs à Panissières", Chemin defer régionaux et urbains (magazine of the Fédération des Amis des Chemins de Fer
    Secondaires) 164 (in French; describes Lartigue and his work).
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Lartigue, Charles François Marie-Thérèse

  • 7 макет

    dummy, breadboard construction, mockup, breadboard, (напр. печатного издания) composition, layout вчт., breadboard model, prototype, model set, prototype unit

    Русско-английский словарь по электронике > макет

  • 8 макет

    dummy, mockup, breadboard, (напр. печатного издания) composition, breadboard construction, layout вчт., breadboard model, prototype, model set, prototype unit

    Русско-английский словарь по радиоэлектронике > макет

  • 9 Short, Hugh Oswald

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 16 January 1883 Derbyshire, England
    d. 4 December 1969 Haslemere, England
    [br]
    English co-founder, with his brothers Horace Short (1872–1917) and Eustace (1875–1932), of the first company to design and build aeroplanes in Britain.
    [br]
    Oswald Short trained as an engineer; he was largely self-taught but was assisted by his brothers Eustace and Horace. In 1898 Eustace and the young Oswald set up a balloon business, building their first balloon in 1901. Two years later they sold observation balloons to the Government of India, and further orders followed. Meanwhile, in 1906 Horace designed a high-altitude balloon with a spherical pressurized gondola, an idea later used by Auguste Piccard, in 1931. Horace, a strange genius with a dominating character, joined his younger brothers in 1908 to found Short Brothers. Their first design, based on the Wright Flyer, was a limited success, but No. 2 won a Daily Mail prize of £1,000. In the same year, 1909, the Wright brothers chose Shorts to build six of their new Model A biplanes. Still using the basic Wright layout, Horace designed the world's first twin-engined aeroplane to fly successfully: it had one engine forward of the pilot, and one aft. During the years before the First World War the Shorts turned to tractor biplanes and specialized in floatplanes for the Admiralty.
    Oswald established a seaplane factory at Rochester, Kent, during 1913–14, and an airship works at Cardington, Bedfordshire, in 1916. Short Brothers went on to build the rigid airship R 32, which was completed in 1919. Unfortunately, Horace died in 1917, which threw a greater responsibility onto Oswald, who became the main innovator. He introduced the use of aluminium alloys combined with a smooth "stressed-skin" construction (unlike Junkers, who used corrugated skins). His sleek biplane the Silver Streak flew in 1920, well ahead of its time, but official support was not forthcoming. Oswald Short struggled on, trying to introduce his all-metal construction, especially for flying boats. He eventually succeeded with the biplane Singapore, of 1926, which had an all-metal hull. The prototype was used by Sir Alan Cobham for his flight round Africa. Several successful all-metal flying boats followed, including the Empire flying boats (1936) and the ubiquitous Sunderland (1937). The Stirling bomber (1939) was derived from the Sunderland. The company was nationalized in 1942 and Oswald Short retired the following year.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Honorary Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society. Freeman of the City of London. Oswald Short turned down an MBE in 1919 as he felt it did not reflect the achievements of the Short Brothers.
    Bibliography
    1966, "Aircraft with stressed skin metal construction", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (November) (an account of the problems with patents and officialdom).
    Further Reading
    C.H.Barnes, 1967, Shorts Aircraft since 1900, London; reprinted 1989 (a detailed account of the work of the Short brothers).
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Short, Hugh Oswald

  • 10 устройство

    2) Computers: drive, machinery
    3) Medicine: apparatus, attachment, unit
    4) Military: block, box, implement
    6) Agriculture: apparatus (см.тж. unit)
    7) Construction: contrivance, installation of flooring, tray
    8) Mathematics: a means for, computer, contraption
    9) Religion: order, polity
    11) Economy: fitment
    12) Automobile industry: convenience, mechanism
    13) Diplomatic term: system (политическое и т.п.)
    14) Forestry: instrument
    15) Metallurgy: mean
    16) Telecommunications: engine
    17) Electronics: storage device
    19) Information technology: communication device
    21) Astronautics: set up
    22) Mechanic engineering: tackle
    23) Metrology: agency, instrumentality
    24) Patents: apparatus (патентоспособными объектами являются устройства, способы, вещества, а не аппараты, машины, методы и т.д.), appliance (напр. электрическое), installment
    25) Business: disposal
    26) Drilling: design, gadget, motion
    29) Robots: prototype hardware
    31) Makarov: app ( apparatus), apparatus (приспособление, механизм), apparatus (приспособление, механизм и т.п.), arrangement (конструкция, расположение), arrangement (приспособление, механизм), arrangement (расположение), arrangement device (приспособление, механизм и т.п.), design (конструкция), design (конструкция, расположение), device (приспособление, механизм), equipment (приспособление, механизм), equipment (приспособление, механизм и т.п.), facility (приспособление, механизм), facility (приспособление, механизм и т.п.), gear (приспособление, механизм), gear (приспособление, механизм и т.п.), ink monitoring apparatus, maker, means (приспособление, механизм), means (приспособление, механизм и т.п.), mechanism (механическое), provision, setup (расположение)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > устройство

  • 11 макет

    breadboard construction, (установки, машины) dummy, layout вчт., breadboard model, prototype, setup тлв, layout sheet полигр.
    * * *
    маке́т м.
    1. (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолета и т. п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т. п.) mock-up, dummy; pattern, model
    2. (временное соединение или приблизительное размещение элементов схемы для целей проектирования, изучения и т. п.) элк., вчт. breadboard (construction), breadboard model
    3. полигр. lay-out (sheet)
    архитекту́рный маке́т — (scale) model
    маке́т в натура́льную величину́ — full-scale [full-size] mock-up
    маке́т ме́стности — sand-box model
    объё́мный маке́т — finished lay-out (sheet)
    маке́т перфока́рты — punch(ed) card design
    маке́т перфори́рования (ЭВМ) — punching format
    полупромы́шленный маке́т — brassboard (model)
    технологи́ческий маке́т — engineering mock-up
    эски́зный маке́т полигр. — visual, rough
    * * *

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > макет

  • 12 interesarse

    1 to take an interest ( por, in)
    * * *
    VPR
    1)

    interesarse por algo — to show an interest in sth, take an interest in sth, be interested in sth

    no se interesa por nada — he shows o takes no interest in anything, he's not interested in anything

    se interesó por el trabajo de los campesinos — he showed o took an interest in the work of the country people

    2)

    interesarse por algn — (=preocuparse) to show concern for sb; (=preguntar) to inquire about sb, ask after sb

    3) (Com)

    interesarse en una empresa — to have an interest o a stake in an company

    * * *
    (v.) = mark + interest, work up + an interest
    Ex. At the 2nd London Book Fair, attendance was down from 508 in 1982 to 497 in 1983 and some major publishers were absent although overseas interest was marked.
    Ex. It was at this time that John Hall, together with other public-spirited citizens of that community, worked up an interest in the matter, the proceeds of which were to be used in the construction of a railroad.
    * * *
    (v.) = mark + interest, work up + an interest

    Ex: At the 2nd London Book Fair, attendance was down from 508 in 1982 to 497 in 1983 and some major publishers were absent although overseas interest was marked.

    Ex: It was at this time that John Hall, together with other public-spirited citizens of that community, worked up an interest in the matter, the proceeds of which were to be used in the construction of a railroad.

    * * *

    ■interesarse verbo reflexivo interesarse por o en, to be interested in: se interesó por tu salud, he asked after your health
    ' interesarse' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    interesar
    English:
    dabble
    - interest
    * * *
    vpr
    to take an interest, to be interested (en o por in);
    se interesó por ti/tu salud she asked after o about you/your health;
    se han interesado mucho por el prototipo they have shown a lot of interest in the prototype
    * * *
    v/r
    :
    interesarse por take an interest in
    * * *
    vr
    * * *
    1. (tener interés) to be interested
    ¿quién dice que los jóvenes no se interesan por nada? who says young people aren't interested in anything?
    2. (mostrar preocupación) to ask about

    Spanish-English dictionary > interesarse

  • 13 автомобиль

    * * *
    автомоби́ль м.
    брит. motor vehicle; амер. automobile; ( легковой) брит. (motor) car; амер. car; ( грузовой) брит. lorry; амер. truck
    вести́ автомоби́ль «нака́том» — let a car free-wheel
    вести́ автомоби́ль на пе́рвой, второ́й, тре́тьей ско́рости — the car drives in first, second, third gear, drive the car in first [second, third] gear
    запуска́ть автомоби́ль «на ско́рости» ( с включённой передачей) — start a car in gear
    автомоби́ль «клюё́т» ( при резком торможении) — the car nose-dives
    консерви́ровать автомоби́ль на зи́му — lay up a car for winter
    автомоби́ль «нае́здил» ( столько-то) [m2]км — the car has (so many) km on it
    обка́тывать автомоби́ль — break in a (new) car
    автомоби́ль облада́ет хоро́шей или плохо́й обтека́емостью — the car has good or poor wind [air] shape
    оформля́ть вне́шний вид автомоби́ля — style a car
    переводи́ть автомоби́ль на зи́мнюю эксплуата́цию — winterize a car
    пуска́ть автомоби́ль в эксплуата́цию — put a (new) car on the road
    автомоби́ль «слу́шается» руля́ изли́шне легко́ — the car oversteers
    автомоби́ль «слу́шается» руля́ с замедле́нием [«ту́го»] — the car understeers
    содержа́ть автомоби́ль в хоро́шем состоя́нии — keep a car properly tuned up
    эксплуати́ровать автомоби́ль на ши́нах завы́шенного разме́ра — overtyre a car
    эксплуати́ровать автомоби́ль на ши́нах зани́женного разме́ра — undertyre a car
    автомоби́ль авари́йной слу́жбы — emergency service vehicle
    аккумуля́торный автомоби́ль — battery car
    безопа́сный автомоби́ль — wreck-resistant car
    безра́мный автомоби́ль — frameless vehicle, unit-construction car
    автомоби́ль высо́кой [повы́шенной] проходи́мости — cross-country vehicle
    газобалло́нный автомоби́ль — compressed gas vehicle
    газогенера́торный автомоби́ль — gas-producer vehicle
    газотурби́нный автомоби́ль — (gas) turbine vehicle
    грузово́й автомоби́ль — брит. lorry; амер. truck
    грузово́й автомоби́ль большо́й грузоподъё́мности — heavy(-duty) truck
    грузово́й, лё́гкий автомоби́ль — light(-duty) truck
    грузово́й автомоби́ль ма́лой грузоподъё́мности — light(-duty) truck
    грузово́й автомоби́ль с каби́ной над дви́гателем — cab-over-engine truck
    грузово́й автомоби́ль с ку́зовом-платфо́рмой — platform [plank-body, flat bed] truck
    грузово́й автомоби́ль с откидны́ми борта́ми — drop-side truck
    грузово́й автомоби́ль сре́дней грузоподъё́мности — medium(-duty) truck
    грузово́й, тяжё́лый автомоби́ль — heavy(-duty) truck
    гру́зо-пассажи́рский автомоби́ль — брит. estate car; амер. station wagon, utility car
    гу́сеничный автомоби́ль — track-type [crawler-type, track-laying, tracked] vehicle
    двухо́сный автомоби́ль — two-axle vehicle
    ди́зельный автомоби́ль — Diesel-powered [Diesel-engined] vehicle, Diesel-powered truck
    автомоби́ль для вы́возки му́сора — garbage [removal, refuse collecting] truck
    автомоби́ль для перево́зки скота́ — cattle truck
    автомоби́ль для поли́вки у́лиц — street watering motor car
    автомоби́ль для убо́рки у́лиц — communal truck, road sweeper, road broom, street cleaner
    изотерми́ческий автомоби́ль — refrigerated truck
    легково́й автомоби́ль — брит. (motor) car; амер. car
    лесово́зный автомоби́ль — lumber carrier, timber truck
    малолитра́жный автомоби́ль — economy [compact] car
    микролитра́жный автомоби́ль — baby car, minicar
    автомоби́ль о́бщего назначе́ния — utility vehicle
    опера́торский автомоби́ль кфт. — camera car
    о́пытный автомоби́ль — prototype car
    парово́й автомоби́ль — steam car
    пассажи́рский автомоби́ль — passenger car, passenger vehicle
    автомоби́ль по доста́вке това́ров — delivery truck
    пожа́рный автомоби́ль — fire-fighting vehicle, fire engine, fire appliance
    полноприводно́й автомоби́ль — all-wheel-drive vehicle
    почто́вый автомоби́ль — postal car, mail van, mail wag(g)on
    прока́тный автомоби́ль — hire [rental] car
    автомоби́ль, пу́щенный в произво́дство — production motor vehicle
    автомоби́ль, рабо́тающий на сжи́женном га́зе — liquid-gas vehicle
    санита́рный автомоби́ль — medical vehicle
    автомоби́ль с бензи́новым дви́гателем и электри́ческой трансми́ссией — брит. petrol-electric vehicle; амер. gasoline-electric vehicle
    автомоби́ль с двумя́ дви́гателями — two-engined [twin-engined] vehicle
    автомоби́ль с жё́стким ве́рхом — hardtop (car)
    автомоби́ль с за́дним расположе́нием дви́гателя — rear-engined car
    автомоби́ль с карбюра́торным дви́гателем — брит. petrol-powered lorry; амер. gasoline-powered truck
    автомоби́ль с карда́нной переда́чей — line axle car
    автомоби́ль ско́рой по́мощи — ambulance (car)
    автомоби́ль с ку́зовом «Универса́л» — station wag(g)on, estate car
    снегоубо́рочный автомоби́ль — snow-fighting vehicle
    автомоби́ль с незави́симой подве́ской колё́с — independently sprung car
    автомоби́ль с несу́щим ку́зовом — frameless vehicle, unit-construction car
    автомоби́ль с откидны́м ве́рхом — convertible [soft-top] car
    автомоби́ль с пере́дними веду́щими колё́сами — front wheel drive car
    спорти́вный автомоби́ль — sports car
    автомоби́ль с при́водом на все колё́са — all-wheel drive vehicle
    автомоби́ль с управля́емыми за́дними колё́сами — rear-steering car
    автомоби́ль с цепно́й гла́вной переда́чей — chain driven car
    автомоби́ль с четырьмя́ веду́щими колё́сами — four-wheel drive vehicle
    тра́нспортный автомоби́ль — transport vehicle
    трёхо́сный автомоби́ль — three-axle vehicle
    эксперимента́льный автомоби́ль — experimental car
    электри́ческий автомоби́ль — electric-battery car

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > автомобиль

  • 14 двигатель



    - (газотурбинный, поршневой, тепловой) — engine
    - (гидравлический, пневматический, электрический) — motor
    -, авиационный — aircraft engine
    двигатель, используемый или предназначенный к использованию в авиации для перемещения и (или) поддержания ла, на котором он установлен, в воздухе (рис. 46). — an engine that is used or intended to be used in propelting or lifting aircraft.
    - аналогичной конструкции — engine of identical design and сonstruction
    - без наддува (ид) — unsupercharged engine
    -, безредукторный — direct-drive engine
    -, безредукторный винто-вентиляторный (незакопоченный) — unducted fan engine (udf)
    винтовентиляторы вращаются непосредственно силовой (свободной) турбиной с противоположным вращением рабочих колес. — fans are driven directly by a counter-rotating turbine, eliminating complexity of a reduction gearbox.
    -, бензиновый — gasoline engine
    -, боковой (рис. 13) — side engine
    - в подвесной мотогондоле — pod engine
    -, вентиляторный, с противоположным вращением вентиляторов — contrafan engine
    - вертикальной наводки, приводной (стрелкового вооружения) — (gun) elevation drive motor
    -, винто-вентиляторный (тввд) — prop-fan engine
    -, включенный (работающий) — operating/running/engine
    -, внешний (по отношению к фюзеляжу) (рис. 44) — outboard engine
    - внутреннего сгорания — internal-combustion engine
    -, внутренний (по отношению к наружному двигателю) (рис. 44) — inboard engine
    - воздушного охлаждения (пд) — air-cooled engine
    двигатель, у которого отвод тепла от цилиндров производится воздухом, непосредственно обдувающим их. — an engine whose running temperature is controlled by means of air cooled cylinders.
    -, вспомогательный (всу) — auxiliary power unit (apu)
    -, выключенный — shutdown engine
    -, выключенный (неработающий) — inoperative engine
    -, высокооборотный — high-speed engine
    -, высотный — high-altitude engine
    -, газотурбинный (гтд) — turbine engine
    -, газотурбинный (вертолетныи) — helicopter turboshaft engine
    -,газотурбинный-энергоузел (стартер-энергоузел) — turbine-starter - auxiliary power unit, starter - apu
    - (-) генератор — motor-generator
    устройство для преобразования одного вида эл. энергии в другую (напр., переменный ток в постоянный). — а motor-generator combination for converting one kind of electric power to another (e.g. ас to dc)
    - горизонтальной наводки, приводной (стрелкового вооружения) — (gun) azimuth drive motor
    - двухвальной схемы (турбовальный) — two-shaft turbine engine
    -, двухвальный турбовинтовой — two-shaft turboprop engine
    -, двухвальный турбореактивный — two-shaft /-rotor, -spool/turbojet engine
    -, двухкаскадный — two-rotor /-shaft, -spool/ engine, twin-spool engine
    двухвальный турбореактивный двигатель называется также двухроторным или двухкаскадным двигателем. — а two-rotor engine is a twoshaft or two-spool engine with lp and hp compressors and hp and lp turbines.
    -, двухкаскадный, двухконтурный, (турбореактивный) — two-rotor /twin-spool/ by-pass turbo-jet engine
    -, двухкаскадный, турбовальный, газотурбинный, со свободной турбиной — two-rotor /twin-spool/ turboshaft engine with free-power turbine
    -, двухкаскадный, турбовентиляторвый с устройством отклонения направления тяги — two-rotor /twin-spool/ turbofan engine with thrust deflector system
    -, двухконтурный — by-pass /bypass/ engine
    гтд, в котором, помимо основного внутреннего (первого) контура, имеется наружный (второй) контур, представляющий собой канал кольцевого сечения, оканчивающийся у реактивного сопла. — in а by-pass engine, a part of the air leaving the lp cornpressor is dueted through the by-pass duct around the engine main duct to the exhaust unit to be exhausted to the atmosphere.
    -, двухконтурный с дожиганиem во втором контуре — duct-burning by-pass engine
    -, двухконтурный со смешиванием потоков наружного и и внутренного контуров — by-pass exhaust mixing engine
    -, двухроторный — two-rotor engine
    - двухрядная звезда (пд) — double-row radial engine
    двигатель, у которого цнлиндры расположены двумя рядами радиально относительнo одного oбщего коленчатоro вала. — an engine having two rows of cylinders arranged radially around а common crankshaft. the corresponding front and rear cylinders may or may not be in line.
    -, двухтактный (пд) — two-cycle engine
    -, дозвуковой — subsonic engine
    -, доработанный по модификации (1705) — engine incorporating mod. (1705), post-mod. (1705) engine
    -, звездообразный — radial engine
    поршневой двигатель с радиальным расположением цилиндров, оси которых лежат в одной, двух или нескольких плоскостях, перпендикулярных к оси коленчатого вала — an engine having stationary cylinders arranged radially around а commom crankshaft.
    -, звездообразный двухрядный — double-row radial engine
    -, звездообразный однорядный — single-row radial engine
    -, исполнительный (эл.) — (electric) actuator, servo motor
    -, исполнительный, канала курса (крена или тангажа) (гироплатформы) — azimuth (roll or pitch) servornotor
    -, карбюраторный (пд) — carburetor engine
    -, коррекционный (гироскопического прибора) — erection torque motor
    -, критический — critical engine
    двигатель, отказ которого вызывает наиболее неблагоприятные изменения в поведении самолета, управляемости и избытке тяги. — "critical engineп means the engine whose failure would most adversely affect the performance or handling qualities of an aircraft.
    -, крыльевой (установленный на крыле) — wing engine
    - левого вращения — engine of lh rotation
    -, маломощный — low-powered engine
    -, многорядный (пд) — multirow engine
    -, многорядный звездообразный — multirow radial engine
    -, модифицированный — modified engine
    - модульной конструкции — module-construction engine

    lp compressor - module i, hp compressor - module 2, etc.
    -, мощный — high-powered engine
    -, недоработанный no модификацин (1705) — engine not incorporating mod. (1705), pre-mod. (1705) engine
    -, незакапоченный — uncowled engine
    - непосредственного впрыска (пд) — fuel injection engine
    -, неработающий — inoperative engine
    -, одновальный (гтд) — single-shaft /single-rotor/ turbine engine
    -, одновальный двухконтурный — single-shaft /single-rotor/ bypass engine
    -, одновальный турбовентиляторный — single-shaft /single-rotor/ turbofan engine
    -, одновальный турбовинтовой — single-shaft turboprop engine
    -, одновальный турбореактивный — single-shaft /single-rotor/turbojet engine
    -, однорядный (пд) — single-row engine
    -, опытный — prototype engine
    двигатель определенного тиna, еще не прошедший типовые государственные испытания. — the tirst engine of a type and arrangement not approved previously, to be submitted for type approval test.
    -, основной — main engine
    -, оставшийся (продолжающий работать) — remaining engine
    -, отказавший — inoperative/failed/ engine
    - отработки (эл., исполнительный) — servomotor
    - отработки следящей системы — servo loop drive motor
    - подтяга (патронной ленты) — ammunition booster torque motor
    -, поперечный коррекционный (авиагоризонта) — roll erection torque motor
    -, поршневой (пд) — reciprocating engine
    - правого вращения — engine of rh rotation
    -, продольный коррекционный (авиагоризонта) — pitch erection torque motor
    -, прямоточный — ramjet engine
    двигатель без механического компрессора, в котором сжатие воздуха обеспечивается поступательным движением самого двигателя. — а jet engine with no meehanical compressor, and using the air for combustion compressed by forward motion of the engine.
    - работающий — operating engine
    -, работающий с перебоями — rough engine
    двигатель, работающий с неисправной системой зажигания или подачи топлива (рабочей смеси) — an engine that is running or firing unevenly, usually due to а faulty condition in either the fuel or ignition systems.
    - рамы крена (гироплатформы — roll-gimbal servomotor
    - рамы курса (гироплатформы — azimuth-gimbal servomotor
    - рамы тангажа (гироплатформы) — pitch-gimbal servomotor
    -, реактивный — jet-engine
    двигатель, в котором энергия топлива преобразуется в кинетическую энергию газовой струи, вытекающей из двигателя, a получающаяся за счет этого сила реакции нenоcредственно используется как сила тяги для перемещения летательного аппарата. — an aircraft engine that derives all or most of its thrust by reaction to its ejection of combustion products (or heated air) in a jet and that obtains oxygen from the atmosphere for the combustion of its fuel.
    -, реактивный, пульсирующий — pulse jet (engine)
    применяется для непосредственного вращения несущеro винта вертолета. — pulse jets are designed for helicopter rotor propulsion.
    -, ремонтный — overhauled engine
    серийный двигатель, отремонтированный или восстановленный до состояния, удовлетворяющего требованиям серийного стандарта, и пригодный для дальнейшей эксплуатации в течение установленного межремонтного ресурса. — an engine which has been repaired or reconditioned to а standard rendering it eligible for the complete overhaul life agreed by the national authority.
    - с внешним смесеобразованием (пд) — carburetor engine
    двигатель внутреннего сгорания, у которого горючая смесь образуется вне рабочего цилиндра. — an engine in which the fuel/air mixture is formed in the carburetor.
    - с внутренним смесеобразованием — fuel-injection engine
    двигатель, у которого горючая смесь образуется внутри рабочего цилиндра. — an engine in which fuel is directly injected into the cylinders.
    - с водяным охлаждением (пд) — water-cooled engine
    - с высокой степенью сжатия — high-compression engine
    - с нагнетателем (пд) — supercharged engine
    - с наддувом (пд) с осевым компрессором (пд) — supercharged engine axial-flom turbine engine
    - с передним расположением вентилятора — front fan turbine engine
    - с противоточной камерой сгорания (гтд) — reverse-flow turbine engine
    - с редуктором — engine with reduction gear
    - с форсажной камерой (гтд). двигатель с дополнительным сжиганием топлива в специальной камере за турбиной — engine with afterburner, afterburning engine, reheat(ed) engine, engine with thrust augmentor
    - с форсированной (взлетной) мощностью — engine with augmented (takeoff) power rating
    - с центробежным компрессором (гтд) — radial-flow turbine engine
    -, серийный — series engine
    двигатель, изготовляемый в серийном производстве и соответствующий опытному двигателю, принятому при государственных испытаниях для серийного производства. — an engine essentially identiin design, in materials, and in methods of construction, with one which has been approved previously.
    - со свободной турбиной — free-luroine engine
    двигатель с двумя турбинами, валы которых кинематически не связаны. одна из турбин обычно служит для привода компрессора, а другая используется для передачи полезной работы потребителю, например, воздушному (или несущему) винту. — the engine with two turbines whose shafts are not mechanically coupled. one turbine drives the compressor, and the other free turbine drives the propeller or rotor.
    - следящей системы по внутреннему крену (гироплатформы) — inner roll gimbal servomotor
    - следящей системы по наружному крену (гироплатформы) — outer roll gimbal servomotor
    - следящей системы по курсу (гироплатформы) — azimuth gimbal servomotor
    - следящей системы по тангажу (гироплатформы) — pitch gimbal servomotor
    -, собственно — engine itself
    -, средний (рис. 44) — center engine
    - стабилизации гироплатформы — stable platform-stabilization servomotor/servo/
    -, стартовый (работающий при взлете) — booster
    -, стартовый твердотопливный — solid propellant booster
    -, трехкаскадный, турбореактивный, с передним вентилятором — three-rotor /triple-spool, triple shaft/ front fan turbo-jet engine
    -, турбовентиляторный — turbofan engine
    двухконтурный турбореактивный двигатель, в котором часть воздуха выбрасывается за первыми ступенями компрессора низкого давления, а остальная часть воздуха за кнд поступает в основной контур с камерами сгорания. — in the turbofan engine a part of the air bypassed and exhausted to atmosphere after the first (two) stages of lp compressor. about half of the thrust is produced by the fan exhaust.
    -, турбовентиляторный (с дожиганием в вентиляторном контуре) — duct-burning turbofan engine
    -, турбовинтовентиляторный — (turbo) propfan engine, unducted fan engine (ufe)
    -, турбовинтовой (твд) — turboprop engine
    газотурбинный двигатель, в котором тепло превращается в кинетическую энергию реактивной струи и в механическую работу на валу двигателя, которая используется для вращения воздушного винта. — а turboprop engine is a turbine engine driving the propeller and developing an additional propulsive thrust by reaction to ejection of combustion products.
    -, "турбовинтовой" (вертолетный, с отбором мощности на вал) — turboshaft engine
    -, турбовинтовой, с толкающим винтом — pusher-turboprop engine
    -, турбопрямоточный — turbo/ram jet engine
    комбинация из турбореактивного (до м-з) и прямоточного (для больших чисел м). — combines а turbo-jet engine (for speeds up to mach 3) and ram jet engine for higher mach numbers.
    -,турбо-ракетный — turbo-rocket engine
    аналог турбопрямоточному двигателю с автономным кислородным питанием, — а turbo/ram jet engine with its own oxygen to provide combustion.
    -, турбореактивный — turbojet engine
    газотурбинный двигатель (с приводом компрессора от турбин), в котором тепло превращается только в кинетическую энергию реактивной струи. — a jet engine incorporating a turbine-driven air compressor to take in and compress the air for the combustion of fuel, the gases of combustion being used both to rotate the turbine and to create a thrust-producing jet.
    -, установленный в мотогондоле — nacelle-mounted engine
    -, установленный в подвесной мотогондоле — pod engine
    -, четырехтактный (поршневой — four-cycle engine
    за два оборота коленчатого вала происходит четыре хода поршня в каждом цилиндре, по одному такту на ход. такт 1 - впуск всасывание рабочей смеси в цилиндр), такт 2 - матке рабочей смеси, такт 3 - рабочий ход (зажигание смеси), такт 4 - выхлоп (выпуск отработанных газов из цилиндра в атмосферу) — a common type of engine which requires two revolutions of the crankshaft (four strokes of the piston) to complete the four events of (1) admission of or forcing the charged mixture of combustible gas into the cylinder, (2) compression of the charge, (3) ignition and burning of the charge, which develops pressure (power) acting on the piston and (4) exhaust or expulsion of the charge from the cylinder.
    -, шаговой (эл.) — step-servo motor
    -, электрический — electric motor
    устройство, преобразующее электрическую энергию во вращательное механическое движение. — device which converts electrical energy into rotating mechanical energy.
    - (-) энергоузел, газотурбинный (ггдэ) — turbine starter /auxiliary power unit, starter/ apu
    для запуска основн. двигателей, хол. прокрутки (стартерный режим) и привода агрегатов самолета при неработающих двигателях (режим энергоузла), имеет свой электростартер.
    в зоне д. — in the region of the engine
    выбег д. — engine run-down
    гонка д. — engine run
    данные д. — engine data
    заливка д. (пд перед запуском) — engine priming
    замена д. — engine replacement /change/
    запуск д. — engine start
    испытание д. — engine test
    мощность д. — engine power
    на входе в д. — at /in/ inlet to the engine
    обороты д. — engine speed /rpm, rpm/
    опробование д. — engine ground test
    опробование д. в полете — in-flight engine test
    опробование д. на земле — engine ground test
    останов д. (выключение) — engine shutdown
    остановка д. (отказ) — engine failure
    остановка д. (выбег) — run down
    остановка д. вслествие недостатка масла (топлива) — engine failure due to oil (fuel) starvation
    отказ д. — engine failure
    перебои в работе д. — rough engine operation
    подогрев д. — engine heating
    проба д. (на земле) — engine ground test
    прогрев д. — engine warm-up
    прокрутка д. (холодная) — engine cranking /motoring/
    работа д. — engine operation
    разгон д. — engine acceleration
    стоянка д. (период, в течение которого двигатель не работает) — engine shutdown. one hundred starts must be made of which 25 starts must be preceded by at least a two-hour engine shutdown.
    тряска д. — engine vibration
    тяга д. — engine thrust
    установка д. — engine installation
    шум д. — engine noise
    вывешивать д. с помощью лебедки — support weight of the engine by a hoist
    выводить д. на требуемые обороты % — accelerate the engine to a required speed of %
    выключать д. — shut down the engine
    глушить д. — shut down the engine
    гонять д. — run the engine
    заливать д. (пд) — prim the engine
    заменять д. — replace the engine
    запускать д. — start the engine
    запускать д. в воздухе — (re)start the engine
    испытывать д. — test the engine
    опробовать д. на земле — ground test the engine
    останавливать д. — shut down the engine
    подвешивать д. — mount the engine
    поднимать д. подъемником — hoist the engine
    подогревать д. — heat the engine
    проворачивать д. на... оборотов — turn the engine... revolutions
    прогревать д. (на оборотах...%) — warm up the engine (at a speed of... %)
    продопжать полет на (двух) д. — continue flight on (two) engines
    разгоняться на одном д. — accelerate with one engine operating
    разгоняться при неработающем критическом д. — accelerate with the critical епgine inoperative
    сбавлять (убирать) обороты (работающего) д. — decelerate the engine
    увеличивать обороты (работающего) д. — accelerate the engine
    устанавливать д. — install the engine

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > двигатель

  • 15 Aubert, Jean

    SUBJECT AREA: Canals, Civil engineering
    [br]
    b. 7 February 1894 Paris, France
    d. 25 November 1984 Paris, France
    [br]
    French civil engineer.
    [br]
    Aubert was educated at the Lycée Louis-leGrand in Paris, and entered the Ecole Polytechnique in 1913. His studies were interrupted by the First World War, when he served as an artillery officer, being wounded twice and awarded the Croix de Guerre in 1916. He returned to the Ecole Polytechnique in 1919, and from 1920 to 1922 he attended the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées; he graduated as Bachelor of Law from the University of Paris.
    In 1922 he began his long career, devoted principally to river and canal works. He was engineer in charge of the navigation works in Paris until 1932; he was then appointed Professor in the Chair of Internal Navigation at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées, a post he held until his retirement in 1961. From 1933 to 1945 he was general manager and later chairman of the Compagnie Nationale du Rhône; from 1945 to 1953, chairman of the electricity board of the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer français; and from 1949 to 1967, chairman of the Rhine Navigation Company. Following his retirement, he was chairman of the Société des Constructions des Batignolles, and from 1966 consulting engineer and honorary chairman of SPIE Batignolles; he was also chairman of several other companies.
    In 1919 he published La Probabilité dans les tires de guerre, for which he was awarded the Pierson-Perrim prize by the Académie des Sciences in 1922. During his career he wrote numerous articles and papers on technical and economic subjects, his last, entitled "Philosophic de la pente d'eau", appearing in the journal Travaux in 1984 when he was ninety years old.
    Aubert's principal works included the construction of the Pont Edouard-Herriort on the Rhône at Lyon; the design and construction of the Génissiat and Lonzères-Mondragon dams on the Rhône; and the conception and design of the Denouval dam on the Seine near Andresy, completed in 1980. He was awarded the Caméré prize in 1934 by the Académie des Sciences for a new type of movable dam. Overseas governments and the United Nations consulted him on river navigation inter alia in Brazil, on the Mahanadi river in India, on the Konkomé river in Guinea, on the Vistula river in Poland, on the Paraguay river in South America and others.
    In 1961 he published his revolutionary ideas on the pente d'eau, or "water slope", which was designed to eliminate delays and loss of water in transferring barges from one level to another, without the use of locks. This design consisted of a sloping flume or channel through which a wedge of water, in which the barge was floating, was pushed by a powered unit. A prototype at Mon tech on the Canal Latéral at La Garonne, bypassing five locks, was opened in 1973. A second was opened in 1984 on the Canal du Midi at Fonserannes, near Béziers.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Croix de Guerre 1916. Académie des Sciences: Prix Pierson-Perrim 1922, Prix Caméré 1934. Ingénieur Général des Ponts et Chaussées 1951. Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur 1960.
    Further Reading
    David Tew, 1984, Canal Inclines and Lifts, Gloucester: Alan Sutton.
    JHB

    Biographical history of technology > Aubert, Jean

  • 16 Locke, Joseph

    [br]
    b. 9 August 1805 Attercliffe, Yorkshire, England
    d. 18 September 1860 Moffat, Scotland
    [br]
    English civil engineer who built many important early main-line railways.
    [br]
    Joseph Locke was the son of a colliery viewer who had known George Stephenson in Northumberland before moving to Yorkshire: Locke himself became a pupil of Stephenson in 1823. He worked with Robert Stephenson at Robert Stephenson \& Co.'s locomotive works and surveyed railways, including the Leeds \& Selby and the Canterbury \& Whitstable, for George Stephenson.
    When George Stephenson was appointed Chief Engineer for construction of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway in 1826, the first resident engineer whom he appointed to work under him was Locke, who took a prominent part in promoting traction by locomotives rather than by fixed engines with cable haulage. The pupil eventually excelled the master and in 1835 Locke was appointed in place of Stephenson as Chief Engineer for construction of the Grand Junction Railway. He introduced double-headed rails carried in chairs on wooden sleepers, the prototype of the bullhead track that became standard on British railways for more than a century. By preparing the most detailed specifications, Locke was able to estimate the cost of the railway much more accurately than was usual at that time, and it was built at a cost close to the estimate; this made his name. He became Engineer to the London \& Southampton Railway and completed the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyme \& Manchester Railway, including the 3-mile (3.8 km) Woodhead Tunnel, which had been started by Charles Vignoles. He was subsequently responsible for many British main lines, including those of the companies that extended the West Coast Route northwards from Preston to Scotland. He was also Engineer to important early main lines in France, notably that from Paris to Rouen and its extension to Le Havre, and in Spain and Holland. In 1847 Locke was elected MP for Honiton.
    Locke appreciated early in his career that steam locomotives able to operate over gradients steeper than at first thought practicable would be developed. Overall his monument is not great individual works of engineering, such as the famous bridges of his close contemporaries Robert Stephenson and I.K. Brunel, but a series of lines built economically but soundly through rugged country without such works; for example, the line over Shap, Cumbria.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Officier de la Légion d'honneur, France. FRS. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1858–9.
    Further Reading
    Obituary, 1861, Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 20. L.T.C.Rolt, 1962, Great Engineers, London: G. Bell \& Sons, ch. 6.
    Industrial Heritage, 1991, Vol. 9(2):9.
    See also: Brassey, Thomas
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Locke, Joseph

  • 17 Stephenson, Robert

    [br]
    b. 16 October 1803 Willington Quay, Northumberland, England
    d. 12 October 1859 London, England
    [br]
    English engineer who built the locomotive Rocket and constructed many important early trunk railways.
    [br]
    Robert Stephenson's father was George Stephenson, who ensured that his son was educated to obtain the theoretical knowledge he lacked himself. In 1821 Robert Stephenson assisted his father in his survey of the Stockton \& Darlington Railway and in 1822 he assisted William James in the first survey of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway. He then went to Edinburgh University for six months, and the following year Robert Stephenson \& Co. was named after him as Managing Partner when it was formed by himself, his father and others. The firm was to build stationary engines, locomotives and railway rolling stock; in its early years it also built paper-making machinery and did general engineering.
    In 1824, however, Robert Stephenson accepted, perhaps in reaction to an excess of parental control, an invitation by a group of London speculators called the Colombian Mining Association to lead an expedition to South America to use steam power to reopen gold and silver mines. He subsequently visited North America before returning to England in 1827 to rejoin his father as an equal and again take charge of Robert Stephenson \& Co. There he set about altering the design of steam locomotives to improve both their riding and their steam-generating capacity. Lancashire Witch, completed in July 1828, was the first locomotive mounted on steel springs and had twin furnace tubes through the boiler to produce a large heating surface. Later that year Robert Stephenson \& Co. supplied the Stockton \& Darlington Railway with a wagon, mounted for the first time on springs and with outside bearings. It was to be the prototype of the standard British railway wagon. Between April and September 1829 Robert Stephenson built, not without difficulty, a multi-tubular boiler, as suggested by Henry Booth to George Stephenson, and incorporated it into the locomotive Rocket which the three men entered in the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway's Rainhill Trials in October. Rocket, was outstandingly successful and demonstrated that the long-distance steam railway was practicable.
    Robert Stephenson continued to develop the locomotive. Northumbrian, built in 1830, had for the first time, a smokebox at the front of the boiler and also the firebox built integrally with the rear of the boiler. Then in Planet, built later the same year, he adopted a layout for the working parts used earlier by steam road-coach pioneer Goldsworthy Gurney, placing the cylinders, for the first time, in a nearly horizontal position beneath the smokebox, with the connecting rods driving a cranked axle. He had evolved the definitive form for the steam locomotive.
    Also in 1830, Robert Stephenson surveyed the London \& Birmingham Railway, which was authorized by Act of Parliament in 1833. Stephenson became Engineer for construction of the 112-mile (180 km) railway, probably at that date the greatest task ever undertaken in of civil engineering. In this he was greatly assisted by G.P.Bidder, who as a child prodigy had been known as "The Calculating Boy", and the two men were to be associated in many subsequent projects. On the London \& Birmingham Railway there were long and deep cuttings to be excavated and difficult tunnels to be bored, notoriously at Kilsby. The line was opened in 1838.
    In 1837 Stephenson provided facilities for W.F. Cooke to make an experimental electrictelegraph installation at London Euston. The directors of the London \& Birmingham Railway company, however, did not accept his recommendation that they should adopt the electric telegraph and it was left to I.K. Brunel to instigate the first permanent installation, alongside the Great Western Railway. After Cooke formed the Electric Telegraph Company, Stephenson became a shareholder and was Chairman during 1857–8.
    Earlier, in the 1830s, Robert Stephenson assisted his father in advising on railways in Belgium and came to be increasingly in demand as a consultant. In 1840, however, he was almost ruined financially as a result of the collapse of the Stanhope \& Tyne Rail Road; in return for acting as Engineer-in-Chief he had unwisely accepted shares, with unlimited liability, instead of a fee.
    During the late 1840s Stephenson's greatest achievements were the design and construction of four great bridges, as part of railways for which he was responsible. The High Level Bridge over the Tyne at Newcastle and the Royal Border Bridge over the Tweed at Berwick were the links needed to complete the East Coast Route from London to Scotland. For the Chester \& Holyhead Railway to cross the Menai Strait, a bridge with spans as long-as 460 ft (140 m) was needed: Stephenson designed them as wrought-iron tubes of rectangular cross-section, through which the trains would pass, and eventually joined the spans together into a tube 1,511 ft (460 m) long from shore to shore. Extensive testing was done beforehand by shipbuilder William Fairbairn to prove the method, and as a preliminary it was first used for a 400 ft (122 m) span bridge at Conway.
    In 1847 Robert Stephenson was elected MP for Whitby, a position he held until his death, and he was one of the exhibition commissioners for the Great Exhibition of 1851. In the early 1850s he was Engineer-in-Chief for the Norwegian Trunk Railway, the first railway in Norway, and he also built the Alexandria \& Cairo Railway, the first railway in Africa. This included two tubular bridges with the railway running on top of the tubes. The railway was extended to Suez in 1858 and for several years provided a link in the route from Britain to India, until superseded by the Suez Canal, which Stephenson had opposed in Parliament. The greatest of all his tubular bridges was the Victoria Bridge across the River St Lawrence at Montreal: after inspecting the site in 1852 he was appointed Engineer-in-Chief for the bridge, which was 1 1/2 miles (2 km) long and was designed in his London offices. Sadly he, like Brunel, died young from self-imposed overwork, before the bridge was completed in 1859.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1849. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1849. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1856. Order of St Olaf (Norway). Order of Leopold (Belgium). Like his father, Robert Stephenson refused a knighthood.
    Further Reading
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1960, George and Robert Stephenson, London: Longman (a good modern biography).
    J.C.Jeaffreson, 1864, The Life of Robert Stephenson, London: Longman (the standard nine-teenth-century biography).
    M.R.Bailey, 1979, "Robert Stephenson \& Co. 1823–1829", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 50 (provides details of the early products of that company).
    J.Kieve, 1973, The Electric Telegraph, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles.
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Stephenson, Robert

  • 18 Wallis, Sir Barnes Neville

    [br]
    b. 26 September 1887 Ripley, Derbyshire, England
    d. 30 October 1979 Leatherhead, Surrey, England
    [br]
    English aeronautical designer and inventor.
    [br]
    Wallis was apprenticed first at Thames Engineering Works, and then, in 1908, at John Samuel White's shipyard at Cowes. In 1913, the Government, spurred on by the accelerating development of the German Zeppelins (see Zeppelin, Ferdinand von), ordered an airship from Vickers; Wallis was invited to join the design team. Thus began his long association with aeronautical design and with Vickers. This airship, and the R80 that followed it, were successfully completed, but the military lost interest in them.
    In 1924 the Government initiated a programme for the construction of two airships to settle once and for all their viability for long-dis-tance air travel. The R101 was designed by a Government-sponsored team, but the R100 was designed by Wallis working for a subsidiary of Vickers. The R100 took off on 29 July 1930 for a successful round trip to Canada, but the R101 crashed on its first flight on 4 October, killing many of its distinguished passengers. The shock of this disaster brought airship development in Britain to an abrupt end and forced Wallis to direct his attention to aircraft.
    In aircraft design, Wallis is known for his use of geodesic construction, which combined lightness with strength. It was applied first to the single-engined "Wellesley" and then the twin-en-gined "Wellington" bomber, which first flew in 1936. With successive modifications, it became the workhorse of RAF Bomber Command during the Second World War until the autumn of 1943, when it was replaced by four-engined machines. In other areas, it remained in service until the end of the war and, in all, no fewer than 11,461 were built.
    Wallis is best known for his work on bomb design, first the bouncing bomb that was used to breach the Möhne and Eder dams in the Ruhr district of Germany in 1943, an exploit immortalized in the film Dambusters. Encouraged by this success, the authorities then allowed Wallis to realize an idea he had long urged, that of heavy, penetration bombs. In the closing stages of the war, Tallboy, of 12,000 lb (5,400 kg), and the 10-ton Grand Slam were used to devastating effect.
    After the Second World War, Wallis returned to aeronautical design and was given his own department at Vickers to promote his ideas, principally on variable-geometry or swing-wing aircraft. Over the next thirteen years he battled towards the prototype stage of this revolutionary concept. That never came, however; changing conditions and requirements and increasing costs led to the abandonment of the project. Bit-terly disappointed, Wallis continued his researches into high-speed aircraft until his retirement from Vickers (by then the British Aircraft Corporation), in 1971.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1968. FRS 1945.
    Further Reading
    J.Morpurgo, 1972, Barnes Wallis: A Biography, London: Longman (a readable account, rather biased in Wallis's favour).
    C.J.Heap, 1987, The Papers of Sir Barnes Wallis (1887–1979) in the Science Museum Library, London: Science Museum; with a biographical introd. by L.R.Day.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Wallis, Sir Barnes Neville

  • 19 макет

    1) breadboard construction setup

    2) <engin.> dummy
    3) model
    4) prototype
    – архитектурный макет
    – макет для испытаний
    – макет перфокарты
    – макет перфорирования
    – объемный макет
    – технологический макет
    – эскизный макет

    Русско-английский технический словарь > макет

  • 20 авторский надзор

    5) Metallurgy: supervision
    7) Sakhalin energy glossary: Design (Author) Supervision
    10) Building materials: Site Monitoring

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > авторский надзор

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