paulo+plus

* * *

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.

paulus ( paull-), a, um, adj. [for paurulus; Gr. root pauros; cf. misellus for miserulus].

In gen., little, small (anteclass. and poet.):

paulo momento huc vel illuc impelli,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31:

paulo sumptu,

id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

pauper a paulo lare,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 92 Müll.: paula trua, Titin. ap. Non. 19, 19.—

Subst.: pau-lum, i, n., a little, a trifle: de paulo paululum [p. 1318] hoc tibi dabo, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 31:

quasi vero paulum intersiet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 18:

an paulum hoc esse tibi videtur?

id. ib. 5, 2, 18;

5, 8, 38: agelli paulum,

id. Ad. 5, 8, 26:

supplicī,

id. And. 5, 3, 32; so,

negotī,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 92:

lucri,

id. ib. 4, 4, 25:

paulum huic Cottae tribuit partium,

allotted a small part of his defence, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229:

nil Aut paulum abstulerat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 33:

ubi paulum nescio quid superest,

Juv. 11, 47: post paulum, v. infra. —

Adverb. uses.

Abl.: paulo, by a little, a little, somewhat.

With comp.:

paulo prius,

Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 7:

liberius paulo,

Cic. Or. 24, 82:

civis haud paulo melior, quam, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 12, 3:

paulo secus,

id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

haud paulo plus,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

paulo minus consideratus,

id. Quint. 3, 11:

paulo magis affabre factus,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 14:

verbis paulo magis priscis uti,

id. Brut. 21, 82:

paulo longius processerant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

maturius paulo,

id. ib. 1, 54:

paulo minus quatuordecim annos,

a little under, Suet. Ner. 40:

paulo minus, quam privatum egit,

id. Tib. 26:

paulo minus octogesimo aetatis anno decessit,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 1:

paulo minus quinque millia,

id. Pan. 28, 4.—

Esp. with ante, post:

quae paulo ante praecepta dedimus,

Cic. Part. 39, 137:

paulo ante,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; Juv. 6, 227; 9, 114:

post paulo,

just after, a little after, Sall. C. 18, 3; Liv. 22, 60. —

With words and expressions implying superiority or comparison:

magnitudine paulo antecedunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 26:

verba paulo nimium redundantia,

Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88:

histrio si paulo se movit extra numerum,

id. Par. 3, 2, 26:

paulo ultra eum locum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 66:

paulo mox,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 268.—

Without comparison (rare), a little, somewhat:

paulo qui est homo tolerabilis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 31:

ut non solum gloriosis consiliis utamur, sed etiam paulo salubribus,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 5:

aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna, Lux mea, etc.,

Cat. 68, 131.—Hence,

Acc.: paulum, a little, somewhat:

paulum supra eum locum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 9:

epistolae me paulum recreant,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5:

paulum differre,

id. Agr. 2, 31, 85:

requiescere,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 265:

commorari,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28: scaphae paulum progressae, Sall. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 10 (Hist. 1, 60 Dietsch):

paulum aspectu conterritus haesit,

Verg. A. 3, 597.—

With adv. of time or place:

post paulum,

a little later, after a short time, Caes. B. G. 7, 50; Quint. 9, 4, 19; 2, 17, 25; 11, 3, 148:

ultra paulum,

id. 11, 3, 21; cf.:

infra jugulum,

Suet. Caes. 82; cf. also: paulum praelabitur ante, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111.—

With comp.:

haud paulum major,

Sil. 15, 21:

tardius,

Stat. Th. 10, 938.

Paulus ( Paull-), i, m., a Roman surname (not a praenomen; cf. Borghesi Framm. de' Fasti Cons. i. p. 49, and his Dec. Numism. 4, n. 10) of the Æmilian family, Cic. Lael. 6, 21; id. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14.

L. Aemilius Paulus, a consul who fell in the battle near Cannœ, Hor. C. 1, 12, 38; Cic. Sen. 20, 75; id. Div. 2, 33, 71.—

The son of no. I., the adoptive father of the younger Scipio and the conqueror of Perseus, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; id. Sen. 6, 15. —

Q. Paulus Fabius Maximus, a consul A. U. C. 743, Front. Aquaed. 100.—

Julius Paulus, a celebrated jurist under Alexander Severus, a colleague of Papinian, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26.—

Paul, Christian name of Saul of Tarsus, the apostle to the Gentiles, author of many epistles to the Churches, Vulg. Act. passim.—

Sergius Paulus, proconsul in Cyprus, Vulg. Act. 13, 7.—Hence,

Paulĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Paulian:

Pauliana victoria,

the victory of L. Æmilius Paulus over Perseus, Val. Max. 8, 11, 1: Pauliana responsa, of the jurist J. Paulus, Dig. praef. ad Antecess. § 5.—

Paulī-nus ( Paull-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Pauline, only as a Roman surname.—Subst.

Paulīnus, i, m.:

C. Suetonius Paulinus,

Tac. A. 14, 29.—

Paulīna, ae, f.:

Lollia Paulina,

wife of the emperor Caligula, Suet. Calig. 25; Tac. A. 12, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117.

paulus ( paull-), a, um, adj. [for paurulus; Gr. root pauros; cf. misellus for miserulus].

In gen., little, small (anteclass. and poet.):

paulo momento huc vel illuc impelli,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31:

paulo sumptu,

id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

pauper a paulo lare,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 92 Müll.: paula trua, Titin. ap. Non. 19, 19.—

Subst.: pau-lum, i, n., a little, a trifle: de paulo paululum [p. 1318] hoc tibi dabo, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 31:

quasi vero paulum intersiet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 18:

an paulum hoc esse tibi videtur?

id. ib. 5, 2, 18;

5, 8, 38: agelli paulum,

id. Ad. 5, 8, 26:

supplicī,

id. And. 5, 3, 32; so,

negotī,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 92:

lucri,

id. ib. 4, 4, 25:

paulum huic Cottae tribuit partium,

allotted a small part of his defence, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229:

nil Aut paulum abstulerat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 33:

ubi paulum nescio quid superest,

Juv. 11, 47: post paulum, v. infra. —

Adverb. uses.

Abl.: paulo, by a little, a little, somewhat.

With comp.:

paulo prius,

Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 7:

liberius paulo,

Cic. Or. 24, 82:

civis haud paulo melior, quam, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 12, 3:

paulo secus,

id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

haud paulo plus,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

paulo minus consideratus,

id. Quint. 3, 11:

paulo magis affabre factus,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 14:

verbis paulo magis priscis uti,

id. Brut. 21, 82:

paulo longius processerant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

maturius paulo,

id. ib. 1, 54:

paulo minus quatuordecim annos,

a little under, Suet. Ner. 40:

paulo minus, quam privatum egit,

id. Tib. 26:

paulo minus octogesimo aetatis anno decessit,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 1:

paulo minus quinque millia,

id. Pan. 28, 4.—

Esp. with ante, post:

quae paulo ante praecepta dedimus,

Cic. Part. 39, 137:

paulo ante,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; Juv. 6, 227; 9, 114:

post paulo,

just after, a little after, Sall. C. 18, 3; Liv. 22, 60. —

With words and expressions implying superiority or comparison:

magnitudine paulo antecedunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 26:

verba paulo nimium redundantia,

Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88:

histrio si paulo se movit extra numerum,

id. Par. 3, 2, 26:

paulo ultra eum locum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 66:

paulo mox,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 268.—

Without comparison (rare), a little, somewhat:

paulo qui est homo tolerabilis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 31:

ut non solum gloriosis consiliis utamur, sed etiam paulo salubribus,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 5:

aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna, Lux mea, etc.,

Cat. 68, 131.—Hence,

Acc.: paulum, a little, somewhat:

paulum supra eum locum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 9:

epistolae me paulum recreant,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5:

paulum differre,

id. Agr. 2, 31, 85:

requiescere,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 265:

commorari,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28: scaphae paulum progressae, Sall. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 10 (Hist. 1, 60 Dietsch):

paulum aspectu conterritus haesit,

Verg. A. 3, 597.—

With adv. of time or place:

post paulum,

a little later, after a short time, Caes. B. G. 7, 50; Quint. 9, 4, 19; 2, 17, 25; 11, 3, 148:

ultra paulum,

id. 11, 3, 21; cf.:

infra jugulum,

Suet. Caes. 82; cf. also: paulum praelabitur ante, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111.—

With comp.:

haud paulum major,

Sil. 15, 21:

tardius,

Stat. Th. 10, 938.

Paulus ( Paull-), i, m., a Roman surname (not a praenomen; cf. Borghesi Framm. de' Fasti Cons. i. p. 49, and his Dec. Numism. 4, n. 10) of the Æmilian family, Cic. Lael. 6, 21; id. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14.

L. Aemilius Paulus, a consul who fell in the battle near Cannœ, Hor. C. 1, 12, 38; Cic. Sen. 20, 75; id. Div. 2, 33, 71.—

The son of no. I., the adoptive father of the younger Scipio and the conqueror of Perseus, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; id. Sen. 6, 15. —

Q. Paulus Fabius Maximus, a consul A. U. C. 743, Front. Aquaed. 100.—

Julius Paulus, a celebrated jurist under Alexander Severus, a colleague of Papinian, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26.—

Paul, Christian name of Saul of Tarsus, the apostle to the Gentiles, author of many epistles to the Churches, Vulg. Act. passim.—

Sergius Paulus, proconsul in Cyprus, Vulg. Act. 13, 7.—Hence,

Paulĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Paulian:

Pauliana victoria,

the victory of L. Æmilius Paulus over Perseus, Val. Max. 8, 11, 1: Pauliana responsa, of the jurist J. Paulus, Dig. praef. ad Antecess. § 5.—

Paulī-nus ( Paull-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Pauline, only as a Roman surname.—Subst.

Paulīnus, i, m.:

C. Suetonius Paulinus,

Tac. A. 14, 29.—

Paulīna, ae, f.:

Lollia Paulina,

wife of the emperor Caligula, Suet. Calig. 25; Tac. A. 12, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117.

paulus ( paull-), a, um, adj. [for paurulus; Gr. root pauros; cf. misellus for miserulus].

In gen., little, small (anteclass. and poet.):

paulo momento huc vel illuc impelli,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31:

paulo sumptu,

id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

pauper a paulo lare,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 92 Müll.: paula trua, Titin. ap. Non. 19, 19.—

Subst.: pau-lum, i, n., a little, a trifle: de paulo paululum [p. 1318] hoc tibi dabo, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 31:

quasi vero paulum intersiet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 18:

an paulum hoc esse tibi videtur?

id. ib. 5, 2, 18;

5, 8, 38: agelli paulum,

id. Ad. 5, 8, 26:

supplicī,

id. And. 5, 3, 32; so,

negotī,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 92:

lucri,

id. ib. 4, 4, 25:

paulum huic Cottae tribuit partium,

allotted a small part of his defence, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229:

nil Aut paulum abstulerat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 33:

ubi paulum nescio quid superest,

Juv. 11, 47: post paulum, v. infra. —

Adverb. uses.

Abl.: paulo, by a little, a little, somewhat.

With comp.:

paulo prius,

Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 7:

liberius paulo,

Cic. Or. 24, 82:

civis haud paulo melior, quam, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 12, 3:

paulo secus,

id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

haud paulo plus,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

paulo minus consideratus,

id. Quint. 3, 11:

paulo magis affabre factus,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 14:

verbis paulo magis priscis uti,

id. Brut. 21, 82:

paulo longius processerant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

maturius paulo,

id. ib. 1, 54:

paulo minus quatuordecim annos,

a little under, Suet. Ner. 40:

paulo minus, quam privatum egit,

id. Tib. 26:

paulo minus octogesimo aetatis anno decessit,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 1:

paulo minus quinque millia,

id. Pan. 28, 4.—

Esp. with ante, post:

quae paulo ante praecepta dedimus,

Cic. Part. 39, 137:

paulo ante,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; Juv. 6, 227; 9, 114:

post paulo,

just after, a little after, Sall. C. 18, 3; Liv. 22, 60. —

With words and expressions implying superiority or comparison:

magnitudine paulo antecedunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 26:

verba paulo nimium redundantia,

Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88:

histrio si paulo se movit extra numerum,

id. Par. 3, 2, 26:

paulo ultra eum locum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 66:

paulo mox,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 268.—

Without comparison (rare), a little, somewhat:

paulo qui est homo tolerabilis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 31:

ut non solum gloriosis consiliis utamur, sed etiam paulo salubribus,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 5:

aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna, Lux mea, etc.,

Cat. 68, 131.—Hence,

Acc.: paulum, a little, somewhat:

paulum supra eum locum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 9:

epistolae me paulum recreant,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5:

paulum differre,

id. Agr. 2, 31, 85:

requiescere,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 265:

commorari,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28: scaphae paulum progressae, Sall. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 10 (Hist. 1, 60 Dietsch):

paulum aspectu conterritus haesit,

Verg. A. 3, 597.—

With adv. of time or place:

post paulum,

a little later, after a short time, Caes. B. G. 7, 50; Quint. 9, 4, 19; 2, 17, 25; 11, 3, 148:

ultra paulum,

id. 11, 3, 21; cf.:

infra jugulum,

Suet. Caes. 82; cf. also: paulum praelabitur ante, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111.—

With comp.:

haud paulum major,

Sil. 15, 21:

tardius,

Stat. Th. 10, 938.

Paulus ( Paull-), i, m., a Roman surname (not a praenomen; cf. Borghesi Framm. de' Fasti Cons. i. p. 49, and his Dec. Numism. 4, n. 10) of the Æmilian family, Cic. Lael. 6, 21; id. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14.

L. Aemilius Paulus, a consul who fell in the battle near Cannœ, Hor. C. 1, 12, 38; Cic. Sen. 20, 75; id. Div. 2, 33, 71.—

The son of no. I., the adoptive father of the younger Scipio and the conqueror of Perseus, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; id. Sen. 6, 15. —

Q. Paulus Fabius Maximus, a consul A. U. C. 743, Front. Aquaed. 100.—

Julius Paulus, a celebrated jurist under Alexander Severus, a colleague of Papinian, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26.—

Paul, Christian name of Saul of Tarsus, the apostle to the Gentiles, author of many epistles to the Churches, Vulg. Act. passim.—

Sergius Paulus, proconsul in Cyprus, Vulg. Act. 13, 7.—Hence,

Paulĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Paulian:

Pauliana victoria,

the victory of L. Æmilius Paulus over Perseus, Val. Max. 8, 11, 1: Pauliana responsa, of the jurist J. Paulus, Dig. praef. ad Antecess. § 5.—

Paulī-nus ( Paull-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Pauline, only as a Roman surname.—Subst.

Paulīnus, i, m.:

C. Suetonius Paulinus,

Tac. A. 14, 29.—

Paulīna, ae, f.:

Lollia Paulina,

wife of the emperor Caligula, Suet. Calig. 25; Tac. A. 12, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117.

paulus ( paull-), a, um, adj. [for paurulus; Gr. root pauros; cf. misellus for miserulus].

In gen., little, small (anteclass. and poet.):

paulo momento huc vel illuc impelli,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31:

paulo sumptu,

id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

pauper a paulo lare,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 92 Müll.: paula trua, Titin. ap. Non. 19, 19.—

Subst.: pau-lum, i, n., a little, a trifle: de paulo paululum [p. 1318] hoc tibi dabo, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 31:

quasi vero paulum intersiet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 18:

an paulum hoc esse tibi videtur?

id. ib. 5, 2, 18;

5, 8, 38: agelli paulum,

id. Ad. 5, 8, 26:

supplicī,

id. And. 5, 3, 32; so,

negotī,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 92:

lucri,

id. ib. 4, 4, 25:

paulum huic Cottae tribuit partium,

allotted a small part of his defence, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229:

nil Aut paulum abstulerat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 33:

ubi paulum nescio quid superest,

Juv. 11, 47: post paulum, v. infra. —

Adverb. uses.

Abl.: paulo, by a little, a little, somewhat.

With comp.:

paulo prius,

Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 7:

liberius paulo,

Cic. Or. 24, 82:

civis haud paulo melior, quam, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 12, 3:

paulo secus,

id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

haud paulo plus,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

paulo minus consideratus,

id. Quint. 3, 11:

paulo magis affabre factus,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 14:

verbis paulo magis priscis uti,

id. Brut. 21, 82:

paulo longius processerant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

maturius paulo,

id. ib. 1, 54:

paulo minus quatuordecim annos,

a little under, Suet. Ner. 40:

paulo minus, quam privatum egit,

id. Tib. 26:

paulo minus octogesimo aetatis anno decessit,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 1:

paulo minus quinque millia,

id. Pan. 28, 4.—

Esp. with ante, post:

quae paulo ante praecepta dedimus,

Cic. Part. 39, 137:

paulo ante,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; Juv. 6, 227; 9, 114:

post paulo,

just after, a little after, Sall. C. 18, 3; Liv. 22, 60. —

With words and expressions implying superiority or comparison:

magnitudine paulo antecedunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 26:

verba paulo nimium redundantia,

Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88:

histrio si paulo se movit extra numerum,

id. Par. 3, 2, 26:

paulo ultra eum locum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 66:

paulo mox,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 268.—

Without comparison (rare), a little, somewhat:

paulo qui est homo tolerabilis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 31:

ut non solum gloriosis consiliis utamur, sed etiam paulo salubribus,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 5:

aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna, Lux mea, etc.,

Cat. 68, 131.—Hence,

Acc.: paulum, a little, somewhat:

paulum supra eum locum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 9:

epistolae me paulum recreant,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5:

paulum differre,

id. Agr. 2, 31, 85:

requiescere,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 265:

commorari,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28: scaphae paulum progressae, Sall. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 10 (Hist. 1, 60 Dietsch):

paulum aspectu conterritus haesit,

Verg. A. 3, 597.—

With adv. of time or place:

post paulum,

a little later, after a short time, Caes. B. G. 7, 50; Quint. 9, 4, 19; 2, 17, 25; 11, 3, 148:

ultra paulum,

id. 11, 3, 21; cf.:

infra jugulum,

Suet. Caes. 82; cf. also: paulum praelabitur ante, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111.—

With comp.:

haud paulum major,

Sil. 15, 21:

tardius,

Stat. Th. 10, 938.

Paulus ( Paull-), i, m., a Roman surname (not a praenomen; cf. Borghesi Framm. de' Fasti Cons. i. p. 49, and his Dec. Numism. 4, n. 10) of the Æmilian family, Cic. Lael. 6, 21; id. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14.

L. Aemilius Paulus, a consul who fell in the battle near Cannœ, Hor. C. 1, 12, 38; Cic. Sen. 20, 75; id. Div. 2, 33, 71.—

The son of no. I., the adoptive father of the younger Scipio and the conqueror of Perseus, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; id. Sen. 6, 15. —

Q. Paulus Fabius Maximus, a consul A. U. C. 743, Front. Aquaed. 100.—

Julius Paulus, a celebrated jurist under Alexander Severus, a colleague of Papinian, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26.—

Paul, Christian name of Saul of Tarsus, the apostle to the Gentiles, author of many epistles to the Churches, Vulg. Act. passim.—

Sergius Paulus, proconsul in Cyprus, Vulg. Act. 13, 7.—Hence,

Paulĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Paulian:

Pauliana victoria,

the victory of L. Æmilius Paulus over Perseus, Val. Max. 8, 11, 1: Pauliana responsa, of the jurist J. Paulus, Dig. praef. ad Antecess. § 5.—

Paulī-nus ( Paull-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Pauline, only as a Roman surname.—Subst.

Paulīnus, i, m.:

C. Suetonius Paulinus,

Tac. A. 14, 29.—

Paulīna, ae, f.:

Lollia Paulina,

wife of the emperor Caligula, Suet. Calig. 25; Tac. A. 12, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117.

paulus ( paull-), a, um, adj. [for paurulus; Gr. root pauros; cf. misellus for miserulus].

In gen., little, small (anteclass. and poet.):

paulo momento huc vel illuc impelli,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31:

paulo sumptu,

id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

pauper a paulo lare,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 92 Müll.: paula trua, Titin. ap. Non. 19, 19.—

Subst.: pau-lum, i, n., a little, a trifle: de paulo paululum [p. 1318] hoc tibi dabo, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 31:

quasi vero paulum intersiet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 18:

an paulum hoc esse tibi videtur?

id. ib. 5, 2, 18;

5, 8, 38: agelli paulum,

id. Ad. 5, 8, 26:

supplicī,

id. And. 5, 3, 32; so,

negotī,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 92:

lucri,

id. ib. 4, 4, 25:

paulum huic Cottae tribuit partium,

allotted a small part of his defence, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229:

nil Aut paulum abstulerat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 33:

ubi paulum nescio quid superest,

Juv. 11, 47: post paulum, v. infra. —

Adverb. uses.

Abl.: paulo, by a little, a little, somewhat.

With comp.:

paulo prius,

Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 7:

liberius paulo,

Cic. Or. 24, 82:

civis haud paulo melior, quam, etc.,

id. Att. 2, 12, 3:

paulo secus,

id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

haud paulo plus,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

paulo minus consideratus,

id. Quint. 3, 11:

paulo magis affabre factus,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 14:

verbis paulo magis priscis uti,

id. Brut. 21, 82:

paulo longius processerant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

maturius paulo,

id. ib. 1, 54:

paulo minus quatuordecim annos,

a little under, Suet. Ner. 40:

paulo minus, quam privatum egit,

id. Tib. 26:

paulo minus octogesimo aetatis anno decessit,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 1:

paulo minus quinque millia,

id. Pan. 28, 4.—

Esp. with ante, post:

quae paulo ante praecepta dedimus,

Cic. Part. 39, 137:

paulo ante,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; Juv. 6, 227; 9, 114:

post paulo,

just after, a little after, Sall. C. 18, 3; Liv. 22, 60. —

With words and expressions implying superiority or comparison:

magnitudine paulo antecedunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 26:

verba paulo nimium redundantia,

Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88:

histrio si paulo se movit extra numerum,

id. Par. 3, 2, 26:

paulo ultra eum locum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 66:

paulo mox,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 268.—

Without comparison (rare), a little, somewhat:

paulo qui est homo tolerabilis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 31:

ut non solum gloriosis consiliis utamur, sed etiam paulo salubribus,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 5:

aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna, Lux mea, etc.,

Cat. 68, 131.—Hence,

Acc.: paulum, a little, somewhat:

paulum supra eum locum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 9:

epistolae me paulum recreant,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5:

paulum differre,

id. Agr. 2, 31, 85:

requiescere,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 265:

commorari,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28: scaphae paulum progressae, Sall. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 10 (Hist. 1, 60 Dietsch):

paulum aspectu conterritus haesit,

Verg. A. 3, 597.—

With adv. of time or place:

post paulum,

a little later, after a short time, Caes. B. G. 7, 50; Quint. 9, 4, 19; 2, 17, 25; 11, 3, 148:

ultra paulum,

id. 11, 3, 21; cf.:

infra jugulum,

Suet. Caes. 82; cf. also: paulum praelabitur ante, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111.—

With comp.:

haud paulum major,

Sil. 15, 21:

tardius,

Stat. Th. 10, 938.

Paulus ( Paull-), i, m., a Roman surname (not a praenomen; cf. Borghesi Framm. de' Fasti Cons. i. p. 49, and his Dec. Numism. 4, n. 10) of the Æmilian family, Cic. Lael. 6, 21; id. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14.

L. Aemilius Paulus, a consul who fell in the battle near Cannœ, Hor. C. 1, 12, 38; Cic. Sen. 20, 75; id. Div. 2, 33, 71.—

The son of no. I., the adoptive father of the younger Scipio and the conqueror of Perseus, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; id. Sen. 6, 15. —

Q. Paulus Fabius Maximus, a consul A. U. C. 743, Front. Aquaed. 100.—

Julius Paulus, a celebrated jurist under Alexander Severus, a colleague of Papinian, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26.—

Paul, Christian name of Saul of Tarsus, the apostle to the Gentiles, author of many epistles to the Churches, Vulg. Act. passim.—

Sergius Paulus, proconsul in Cyprus, Vulg. Act. 13, 7.—Hence,

Paulĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Paulian:

Pauliana victoria,

the victory of L. Æmilius Paulus over Perseus, Val. Max. 8, 11, 1: Pauliana responsa, of the jurist J. Paulus, Dig. praef. ad Antecess. § 5.—

Paulī-nus ( Paull-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Paulus, Pauline, only as a Roman surname.—Subst.

Paulīnus, i, m.:

C. Suetonius Paulinus,

Tac. A. 14, 29.—

Paulīna, ae, f.:

Lollia Paulina,

wife of the emperor Caligula, Suet. Calig. 25; Tac. A. 12, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117.

ad-jĭcĭo (better adicio), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [jacio], to throw or cast a thing to, to put or place at or near. —Constr.: aliquid alicui rei.

In gen.:

rogum bustumve novum vetat propius sexaginta pedes adici aedes alienas,

to place nearer than, Cic. Leg. 2, 24:

hordei numero ad summam tritici adjecto,

id. Verr. 3, 188:

adjectoque cavae supplentur sanguine venae,

Ov. M. 7, 291; so ib. 266; 14, 276.— More freq. trop.: quo ne imprudentiam quidem oculorum adici fas fuit, to turn the eyes pryingly to, to direct the sight to, etc., Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36:

Parthus adjecit Armeniae manum,

Vell. 2, 100:

album calculum errori,

to approve, Plin. Ep. 1, 2. —With in:

virus in anguīs,

Ov. A. A. 3, 7:

telum ex locis superioribus in litus,

to throw, to hurl, Caes. B. G. 4, 23, 3.—

Transf. to mental objects, to turn or direct the mind, eye, etc., to, to fasten them upon something.—With dat. or ad:

qui amabilitati animum adiceret,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 1:

animum militi,

id. Mil. 3, 3, 34:

ad virginem animum adjecit,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 63:

cum ad omnia vestra pauci homines cupiditatis oculos adjecissent,

Cic. Agr. 2, 10:

plane videbant adjectum esse oculum hereditati,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 37 (diff. from adicere oculos, cited above):

adjecit animum ad consilium,

Liv. 25, 37:

novo etiam consilio animum adjecit,

id. 28, 33.—

Esp.

To add or apply to a thing by way of increase, to increase, = prostithenai (cf. addo).— Lit. and trop.; constr. with ad or dat.:

ad bellicam laudem ingenii gloriam,

Cic. Off. 1, 32:

decus alicui,

Vell. 2, 36:

aliquantum ea res duci famae et auctoritatis adjecit,

Liv. 44, 33: so id. 10, 7; 24, 5; Tac. Agr. 26; Suet. Oth. 11; id. Tib. 67; id. Calig. 15; id. Caes. 38 al.:

morem ritusque sacrorum adiciam,

Verg. A. 12, 837:

adjecere bonae paulo plus artis Athenac,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 43; so Ov. M. 10, 656; id. P. l, 8, 56; Vulg. Matt. 6, 27 and 33; also to add a new thought to what has preceded (cf.: addo, accedo, advenio; hence, like addo, in the sing., though several persons are addressed):

huc natas adice septem,

Ov. M. 6, 182.—

Of a speaker, to add to what has already been said. —Constr. with acc. and inf. (only in Vell. and in the histt. after the Aug. per.):

adiciens numquam defuturos raprores Italicae libertatis lupos,

Vell. 2, 27, 2; so,

adjecerat Tiberius non id tempus censurae nec defuturum corrigendi auctorem,

Tac. A. 2, 33:

adjecit in domo ejus venenum esse,

id. ib. 4, 21.—Rarely followed by orat. directa:

cum dixisset... adjecissetque: Si quid huic acciderit, etc.,

Vell. 2, 32, 1.—With ut and subj., Liv. 2, 27.—

In anctions, t. t., to add to a bid, to out-bid: liciti sunt usque adeo, quoad se efficere posse arbitrabantur;

super adjecit Aeschrio,

bid on, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 77 B. and K.; but cf. Zumpt ad h. l.; Dig. 18, 2, 19.—

In gen., in the Vulg. by Hebraism (cf.), to add to do, to do further: adjecit Dominus loqui, the Lord furthermore spake, Isa. 7, 10:

non adiciet, ut resurgat,

ib. 24, 20:

adiciens dixit parabolam,

ib. Luc. 19, 11.

haud or haut (in the form hau, before consonants, several times in Plautus acc. to the Cod. Ambros., and in Inscr. Orell. 4848: HEIC. EST. SEPVLCRVM. HAV. PVLCRVM. PVLCRAI. FEMINAE; also Tac. A. 2, 36; 6, 43 (49), Nipperdey, Ritter; hence, also hauscio = haud scio; cf. Ritschl, prol. ad Plaut. Trin. p. 99 sq. and p. 325), adv. [perh. orig. hau = ou, v. Ritschl l. l. But cf. Hand, Turs. III. 15.—Acc. to Corss. Ausspr. 1, 205, haud = pronom. stem ho + au (Sanscr. ava, away) + de, as in unde, etc.], a subjective and intensive negative particle, not at all, by no means; in class. prose most freq. with adverbs; rarely with adjectives, pronouns, or verbs (the last construction in Cic. only in the formulae: haud scio an, and haud dubito; in Caes. it occurs but once; v. also Krebs, Antibarb. p. 516).

With advv.:

hau longe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 13:

hau longe abesse oportet,

id. Am. 1, 1, 166:

haut sane diu est,

it is but a very little while ago, id. Merc. 3, 1, 44:

haud sane commodum,

Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8:

haud sane intellego, quidnam sit, quod laudandum putat,

Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5; cf.

also: rem haud sane difficilem admirari videmini,

id. de Sen. 2, 4:

haud sane facile,

id. ib. 23, 83:

facio quod manifesto moechi haud ferme solent,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 40: haud ferme Ter. And. 3, 1, 2:

haud ita jussi,

id. ib. 5, 4, 52:

haud ita est,

id. Phorm. 2, 1, 35; cf.:

eia, haud sic decet,

id. Eun. 5, 9, 35; id. Ad. 3, 4, 7:

haut aliter esse duco,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 2:

aliter hau dicetis,

id. Most. 1, 2, 15:

haud aliter censeo,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 5; cf.

also: ac veluti lupus... Haud aliter Rutulo, muros et castra tuenti, Ignescunt irae,

Verg. A. 9, 65; v. aliter;

and cf. also secus: nam ego hau diu apud hunc servitutem servio,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 17 Ritschl, N. cr.:

haud diu est,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 67; cf.:

scies hau multo post,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 12; Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 39:

haud paulo plus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

haud minus aegre patior,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 5:

haud minus,

Liv. 2, 60, 3:

Getae praetorii praefecto haud satis fidebant,

Tac. A. 11, 33:

sed haud facile dixerim, cur, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3 fin.; so,

haud facile,

Sall. J. 17, 2; id. C. 13, 5; cf.:

eorum animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

id. ib. 14, 5:

haud cito,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 89: haud temere est, quod tu tristi cum corde gubernas, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 9, 329 (Ann. v. 473 Vahl.):

haud temere est visum,

Verg. A. 9, 375:

familiaris accipiere faxo hau familiariter,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 199:

haud stulte sapis,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 82:

haud commode,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 20:

consul haud dubie jam victor,

Sall. J. 102, 1:

Vergilius haud dubie proximus,

Quint. 10, 1, 85:

dubie: mihi hau saepe eveniunt tales hereditates,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 33:

morbus haud saepe quemquam superat,

Sall. J. 17, 6:

haud cunctanter,

Suet. Tit. 6. For the connection with dum and quamquam, v. infra fin. —

With adjj.:

id esse hau perlonginquom,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 76:

in aetate hau bonum'st,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 61: haut doctis dictis certantes, sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.): ille vir haut magna cum re, id. ap. Cic. de Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 342 ib.):

hau mala'st mulier,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 42:

conveni hodie hominem haud impurum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:

anus haud impura,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 16:

servum haud illiberalem praebes te,

id. Ad. 5, 5, 5:

haud mediocris vir,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

haut consimili ingenio,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 50:

compendium haut aetati optabile,

id. ib. 1, 2, 51:

hau permultum attulit,

id. ib. 2, 3, 86:

haud mirabile est,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 8:

bene dicere haut absurdum est,

Sall. C. 3, 1; cf.:

ingenium ejus haut absurdum,

id. ib. 25, 5:

haud ignotae belli artes,

Liv. 21, 1, 2:

annus haud dubiis consulibus,

id. 4, 8;

v. dubius and dubium: certe extrema linea Amare haud nihil est,

Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13.—

With pronn.:

haut quisquam quaeret, qui siem,

no one certainly, Plaut. Am. prol. 130:

eum salutat magis haut quiquam quam canem,

id. ib. 2, 2, 48; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 25; cf.:

faxo haut quicquam sit morae,

id. Am. 3, 3, 17; Ter. And. 2, 1, 36:

hic se ipsus fallit, haud ego,

id. ib. 3, 2, 15; cf.:

haud pol me quidem,

id. Hec. 2, 3, 5.—

With verbs: Ni. Etiam dimidium censes (eum attulisse)? Ch. Non edepol scio:

Verum haut opinor,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 88:

hauscio, quid eo opus sit,

id. ib. 5, 2, 15:

hau nosco tuum,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 44:

ne ego cum illo pignus haut ausim dare,

id. Bacch. 4, 9, 133:

quod dixi semel, hau mutabo,

id. ib. 5, 2, 85; cf.: haud muto factum, Ter. And. 1, 1, 13:

hau moror,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 30: philosophari est mihi necesse; nam omnino haut placet, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 1 (cf. id. de Or. 2, 38, 156; id. Rep. 1, 18; Gell. 5, 15 fin.;

Trag. v. 417 Vahl.): pol me hau paenitet,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 72:

facit ille, quod vulgo hau solent,

id. ib. 1, 1, 30:

ego faxo hau dicet nactam, quem deluserit,

id. Bacch. 3, 4, 7; 4, 8, 23:

nae ille haud scit, quam, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 10; cf. id. ib. 4, 4, 25:

tum ille haud dubitavit, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15:

quod somno supererit, haud deerit,

Quint. 10, 3, 26:

haud erit, ut merito immortalis possit haberi,

it cannot be, Lucr. 3, 715;

v. sum: quem (Drusum) haud fratris interitu trucem quam remoto aemulo aequiorem sibi sperabat,

not so much... as, Tac. A. 3, 8.—For the phrase haud scio an (in Plautus hauscio an), see an; cf. also, haud scio, -ne: idque adeo haud scio, mirandumne sit, etc., * Caes. B. G. 5, 54, 5: Am. Exspectatusne advenio? So. Hau vidi magis exspectatum, I never saw any one welcomer, ironically, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 47; so,

hau vidi magis,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 29; id. Poen. 1, 1, 13.—Pleonastic with another negative:

neque ego haut committam, ut, si peccatum siet, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 114:

neque ille haud obiciet mihi, Pedibus sese provocatum,

id. Ep. 5, 1, 57:

post si quis vellet te, haut nevelles dividi?

id. Aul. 2, 4, 7.—Ellipt.: Al. Quid istuc est, mi vir, negoti, quod tu tam subito domo Abeas? Ju. Edepol haut quod tui me neque domi distaedeat, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 5.—Hence,

Esp., joined with dum and quaquam.

haud dum, or, as one word, haud-dum, an intensive nondum, not at all as yet, not yet (very rare):

concilione... Pro Superi! Ausonius miles sedet? armaque tantum Hauddum sumpta viro?

Sil. 2, 332; Liv. 2, 52; 10, 6; 25; 22, 12; 28, 2; 33, 11 al.—

haud quāquam, or, as one word, haudquāquam, by no means whatever, not at all (class.): haudquaquam quemquam semper Fortuna secuta est, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 299 Vahl.):

haudquaquam etiam cessant,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 1:

haudquaquam id est difficile Crasso,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 143:

haudquaquam hercle mirandum est esse, etc.,

id. ib. 3, 22, 82:

haudquaquam boni est, ratione vinctum velle dissolvere,

id. Univ. 11:

homo prudens et gravis, haudquaquam eloquens,

id. de Or. 1, 9, 38:

accedat huc suavitas quaedam oportet sermonum atque morum haudquaquam mediocre condimentum amicitiae,

id. Lael. 18, 66:

haudquaquam par gloria,

Sall. C. 3, 2:

haudquaquam certamine ambiguo,

Liv. 7, 26, 8:

tibi has, miserabilis Orpheus Haudquaquam ob meritum, poenas, ni Fata resistant, Suscitat,

Verg. G. 4, 455:

haudquaquam dictis violentia Turni flectitur,

id. A. 12, 45 al.

haud or haut (in the form hau, before consonants, several times in Plautus acc. to the Cod. Ambros., and in Inscr. Orell. 4848: HEIC. EST. SEPVLCRVM. HAV. PVLCRVM. PVLCRAI. FEMINAE; also Tac. A. 2, 36; 6, 43 (49), Nipperdey, Ritter; hence, also hauscio = haud scio; cf. Ritschl, prol. ad Plaut. Trin. p. 99 sq. and p. 325), adv. [perh. orig. hau = ou, v. Ritschl l. l. But cf. Hand, Turs. III. 15.—Acc. to Corss. Ausspr. 1, 205, haud = pronom. stem ho + au (Sanscr. ava, away) + de, as in unde, etc.], a subjective and intensive negative particle, not at all, by no means; in class. prose most freq. with adverbs; rarely with adjectives, pronouns, or verbs (the last construction in Cic. only in the formulae: haud scio an, and haud dubito; in Caes. it occurs but once; v. also Krebs, Antibarb. p. 516).

With advv.:

hau longe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 13:

hau longe abesse oportet,

id. Am. 1, 1, 166:

haut sane diu est,

it is but a very little while ago, id. Merc. 3, 1, 44:

haud sane commodum,

Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8:

haud sane intellego, quidnam sit, quod laudandum putat,

Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5; cf.

also: rem haud sane difficilem admirari videmini,

id. de Sen. 2, 4:

haud sane facile,

id. ib. 23, 83:

facio quod manifesto moechi haud ferme solent,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 40: haud ferme Ter. And. 3, 1, 2:

haud ita jussi,

id. ib. 5, 4, 52:

haud ita est,

id. Phorm. 2, 1, 35; cf.:

eia, haud sic decet,

id. Eun. 5, 9, 35; id. Ad. 3, 4, 7:

haut aliter esse duco,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 2:

aliter hau dicetis,

id. Most. 1, 2, 15:

haud aliter censeo,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 5; cf.

also: ac veluti lupus... Haud aliter Rutulo, muros et castra tuenti, Ignescunt irae,

Verg. A. 9, 65; v. aliter;

and cf. also secus: nam ego hau diu apud hunc servitutem servio,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 17 Ritschl, N. cr.:

haud diu est,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 67; cf.:

scies hau multo post,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 12; Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 39:

haud paulo plus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

haud minus aegre patior,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 5:

haud minus,

Liv. 2, 60, 3:

Getae praetorii praefecto haud satis fidebant,

Tac. A. 11, 33:

sed haud facile dixerim, cur, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3 fin.; so,

haud facile,

Sall. J. 17, 2; id. C. 13, 5; cf.:

eorum animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

id. ib. 14, 5:

haud cito,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 89: haud temere est, quod tu tristi cum corde gubernas, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 9, 329 (Ann. v. 473 Vahl.):

haud temere est visum,

Verg. A. 9, 375:

familiaris accipiere faxo hau familiariter,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 199:

haud stulte sapis,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 82:

haud commode,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 20:

consul haud dubie jam victor,

Sall. J. 102, 1:

Vergilius haud dubie proximus,

Quint. 10, 1, 85:

dubie: mihi hau saepe eveniunt tales hereditates,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 33:

morbus haud saepe quemquam superat,

Sall. J. 17, 6:

haud cunctanter,

Suet. Tit. 6. For the connection with dum and quamquam, v. infra fin. —

With adjj.:

id esse hau perlonginquom,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 76:

in aetate hau bonum'st,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 61: haut doctis dictis certantes, sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.): ille vir haut magna cum re, id. ap. Cic. de Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 342 ib.):

hau mala'st mulier,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 42:

conveni hodie hominem haud impurum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:

anus haud impura,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 16:

servum haud illiberalem praebes te,

id. Ad. 5, 5, 5:

haud mediocris vir,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

haut consimili ingenio,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 50:

compendium haut aetati optabile,

id. ib. 1, 2, 51:

hau permultum attulit,

id. ib. 2, 3, 86:

haud mirabile est,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 8:

bene dicere haut absurdum est,

Sall. C. 3, 1; cf.:

ingenium ejus haut absurdum,

id. ib. 25, 5:

haud ignotae belli artes,

Liv. 21, 1, 2:

annus haud dubiis consulibus,

id. 4, 8;

v. dubius and dubium: certe extrema linea Amare haud nihil est,

Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13.—

With pronn.:

haut quisquam quaeret, qui siem,

no one certainly, Plaut. Am. prol. 130:

eum salutat magis haut quiquam quam canem,

id. ib. 2, 2, 48; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 25; cf.:

faxo haut quicquam sit morae,

id. Am. 3, 3, 17; Ter. And. 2, 1, 36:

hic se ipsus fallit, haud ego,

id. ib. 3, 2, 15; cf.:

haud pol me quidem,

id. Hec. 2, 3, 5.—

With verbs: Ni. Etiam dimidium censes (eum attulisse)? Ch. Non edepol scio:

Verum haut opinor,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 88:

hauscio, quid eo opus sit,

id. ib. 5, 2, 15:

hau nosco tuum,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 44:

ne ego cum illo pignus haut ausim dare,

id. Bacch. 4, 9, 133:

quod dixi semel, hau mutabo,

id. ib. 5, 2, 85; cf.: haud muto factum, Ter. And. 1, 1, 13:

hau moror,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 30: philosophari est mihi necesse; nam omnino haut placet, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 1 (cf. id. de Or. 2, 38, 156; id. Rep. 1, 18; Gell. 5, 15 fin.;

Trag. v. 417 Vahl.): pol me hau paenitet,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 72:

facit ille, quod vulgo hau solent,

id. ib. 1, 1, 30:

ego faxo hau dicet nactam, quem deluserit,

id. Bacch. 3, 4, 7; 4, 8, 23:

nae ille haud scit, quam, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 10; cf. id. ib. 4, 4, 25:

tum ille haud dubitavit, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15:

quod somno supererit, haud deerit,

Quint. 10, 3, 26:

haud erit, ut merito immortalis possit haberi,

it cannot be, Lucr. 3, 715;

v. sum: quem (Drusum) haud fratris interitu trucem quam remoto aemulo aequiorem sibi sperabat,

not so much... as, Tac. A. 3, 8.—For the phrase haud scio an (in Plautus hauscio an), see an; cf. also, haud scio, -ne: idque adeo haud scio, mirandumne sit, etc., * Caes. B. G. 5, 54, 5: Am. Exspectatusne advenio? So. Hau vidi magis exspectatum, I never saw any one welcomer, ironically, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 47; so,

hau vidi magis,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 29; id. Poen. 1, 1, 13.—Pleonastic with another negative:

neque ego haut committam, ut, si peccatum siet, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 114:

neque ille haud obiciet mihi, Pedibus sese provocatum,

id. Ep. 5, 1, 57:

post si quis vellet te, haut nevelles dividi?

id. Aul. 2, 4, 7.—Ellipt.: Al. Quid istuc est, mi vir, negoti, quod tu tam subito domo Abeas? Ju. Edepol haut quod tui me neque domi distaedeat, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 5.—Hence,

Esp., joined with dum and quaquam.

haud dum, or, as one word, haud-dum, an intensive nondum, not at all as yet, not yet (very rare):

concilione... Pro Superi! Ausonius miles sedet? armaque tantum Hauddum sumpta viro?

Sil. 2, 332; Liv. 2, 52; 10, 6; 25; 22, 12; 28, 2; 33, 11 al.—