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121 легкий
easy
(легко выполнимый, доступный)
откидной пассажирский трап обеспечивает легкий доступ пассажиров в самолет непосредственно с земли. — the passenger ramp permits easy entrance to the aircraft from the ground.
- (по весу) — lightРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > легкий
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122 перевозка
transportation, shipment
- (на борту ла пассажиров, грузов) — passenger, cargo) carrying (by aircraft)
- малых грузов — light freighting
- тяжелых грузов — heavy freightingРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > перевозка
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123 Cockerell, Christopher Sydney
[br]b. 4 June 1910 Cambridge, England[br]British designer and engineer who invented the hovercraft.[br]He was educated at Gresham's School in Holt and at Peterhouse College, Cambridge, where he graduated in engineering in 1931; he was made an Honorary Fellow in 1974. Cockerell entered the engineering firm of W.H.Allen \& Sons of Bedford as a pupil in 1931, and two years later he returned to Cambridge to engage in radio research for a further two years. In 1935 he joined Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company, working on very high frequency (VHF) transmitters and direction finders. During the Second World War he worked on airborne navigation and communication equipment, and later he worked on radar. During this period he filed thirty six patents in the fields of radio and navigational systems.In 1950 Cockerell left Marconi to set up his own boat-hire business on the Norfolk Broads. He began to consider how to increase the speed of boats by means of air lubrication. Since the 1870s engineers had at times sought to reduce the drag on a boat by means of a thin layer of air between hull and water. After his first experiments, Cockerell concluded that a significant reduction in drag could only be achieved with a thick cushion of air. After experimenting with several ways of applying the air-cushion principle, the first true hovercraft "took off" in 1955. It was a model in balsa wood, 2 ft 6 in. (762 mm) long and weighing 4½ oz. (27.6 g); it was powered by a model-aircraft petrol engine and could travel over land or water at 13 mph (20.8 km/h). Cockerell filed his first hovercraft patent on 12 December 1955. The following year he founded Hovercraft Ltd and began the search for a manufacturer. The government was impressed with the invention's military possibilities and placed it on the secret list. The secret leaked out, however, and the project was declassified. In 1958 the National Research and Development Corporation decided to give its backing, and the following year Saunders Roe Ltd with experience of making flying boats, produced the epoch-making SR N1, a hovercraft with an air cushion produced by air jets directed downwards and inwards arranged round the periphery of the craft. It made a successful crossing of the English Channel, with the inventor on board.Meanwhile Cockerell had modified the hovercraft so that the air cushion was enclosed within flexible skirts. In this form it was taken up by manufacturers throughout the world and found wide application as a passenger-carrying vehicle, for military transport and in scientific exploration and survey work. The hover principle found other uses, such as for air-beds to relieve severely burned patients and for hover mowers.The development of the hovercraft has occupied Cockerell since then and he has been actively involved in the several companies set up to exploit the invention, including Hovercraft Development Ltd and British Hovercraft Corporation. In the 1970s and 1980s he took up the idea of the generation of electricity by wavepower; he was Founder of Wavepower Ltd, of which he was Chairman from 1974 to 1982.[br]Principal Honours find DistinctionsKnighted 1969. CBE 1955. FRS 1967.LRDBiographical history of technology > Cockerell, Christopher Sydney
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124 King, James Foster
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 9 May 1862 Erskine, Scotlandd. 11 August 1947 Glasgow, Scotland[br]Scottish naval architect and classification society manager who made a significant contribution to the safety of shipping.[br]King was educated at the High School of Glasgow, and then served an apprenticeship with the Port Glasgow shipyard of Russell \& Co. This was followed by experience in drawing offices in Port Glasgow, Hull and finally in Belfast, where he was responsible for the separate White Star Line drawing office of Harland \& Wolff Ltd, which was then producing the plans for the Atlantic passenger liners Majestic and Teutonic. Following certain unpopular government shipping enactments in 1890, a protest from shipbuilders and shipowners in Ireland, Liverpool and the West of Scotland led to the founding of a new classification society to compete against Lloyd's Register of Shipping. It became known as the British Corporation Register and had headquarters in Glasgow. King was recruited to the staff and by 1903 had become Chief Surveyor, a position he held until his retirement thirty-seven years later. By then the Register was a world leader, with hundreds of thousands of tons of shipping on its books; it acted as consultant to many governments and international agencies. Throughout his working life, King did everything in his power to quantify the risks and problems of ship operation: his contribution to the Load Lines Convention of 1929 was typical, and few major enactments in shipping were designed without his approval. During the inter-war period the performance of the British Corporation outshone that of all rivals, for which King deserved full credit. His especial understanding was for steel structures, and in this respect he ensured that the British Corporation enabled owners to build ships of strengths equal to any others despite using up to 10 per cent less steel within the structure. In 1949 Lloyd's Register of Shipping and the British Corporation merged to form the largest and most influential ship classification society in the world.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsCBE 1920. Honorary Member, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland 1941; North East Coast Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders (Newcastle) 1943; British Corporation 1940. Honorary Vice-President, Institution of Naval Architects.Further ReadingG.Blake, 1960, Lloyd's Register of Shipping 1760–1960, London: Lloyd's Register. F.M.Walker, 1984, Song of the Clyde. A History of Clyde Shipbuiding, Cambridge: PSL. 1947, The British Corporation Register of Shipping and Aircraft 1890–1947, AnIllustrated Record, 1947, Glasgow.1946, The British Corporation Register. The War Years in Retrospect, 1956, Glasgow.FMW -
125 авиапассажир
авиапассажир без предварительного бронирования местаgo-showстрахование авиапассажировaircraft passenger insurance -
126 ведомость
ведомость сущsheetбалансовая ведомостьbalance sheetведомость дефектов воздушного суднаaircraft defects listведомость технического контроляchecklistгрузовая ведомостьcargo sheetгрузовая ведомость на рейсcargo boarding listкомплектовочная ведомостьparts listпассажирская ведомостьpassenger boarding listупаковочная ведомостьpacking record -
127 имеющий
аэродром, имеющий частые туманыfog-plagued aerodromeаэропорт, имеющий таможенную службуcustoms airportвоздушное судно, имеющее разрешение на полетauthorized aircraftиметь место в полетеbe experienced in flightиметь отношение к происшествиюbear on the accidentиметь полный доступhave full accessимеющий два направленияbidirectionalимеющий течьleakyпассажир, имеющий бесплатный билетfree-ticket passengerпассажир, имеющий бронирование, но не явившийся к вылетуno-showсвеча, имеющая отложения свинцаleaded plugэкипаж имеющий безаварийный налетfail-safe crew -
128 короткий
авиаперевозчик на короткие расстоянияcommuter air carrierаэродром для самолетов короткого взлета и посадки1. stolport2. STOLport воздушное судно короткого взлета и посадкиshort takeoff and landing aircraftкороткий полетhopперевозка пассажиров на короткое расстояниеpassenger hopполет на короткое расстояние1. flip2. short-haul flight посадка с коротким пробегомshort landingхарактеристики короткого летного поляshort-field performances
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