-
61 noxia
noxia, ae, f. (sc. causa, v. noxius, a, um), I) die Schuld, schuldbare Handlung, das Vergehen, privatae noxiae, Liv.: in noxia esse, Plaut.: in noxia aliqua comprehendi, Caes.: noxia penes alqm est, Liv.: noxiā carēre, Plaut.: alci noxiae esse, zur Schuld angerechnet werden, Liv.: noxiam defendere (ablehnen), Ter.: adeo neminem noxiae paenitebat, Liv.: alia omnis penes milites noxia erat, Liv. – Plur., noxiae leves, Ter.: minimae noxiae, Cic.: noxiis vacuum esse, Plaut. – II) meton., der Schaden, veneficiorum, Plin.: noxiam nocere, noxiam sarcire, ICt.: alci noxiae esse, zum Schaden gereichen, ICt. -
62 culpa
culpa ae, f [SCARP-], a fault, error, blame, guilt, failure, defect: delicti: omnes culpae istius avaritiae, maiestatis, crudelitatis: quicquid huius factumst culpā, T.: In culpā est, to blame, T.: non est ista mea culpa, sed temporum: qui in eādem culpā sint, share: in quo est tua culpa nonnulla, you are not without fault: a culpā vacuus, S.: conscia culpae, O.: ne penes ipsos culpa esset cladis, L.: culpa, quae te est penes, T.: extra culpam esse: eius rei culpam in multitudinem coniecerunt, Cs.: suam culpam ad negotia transferre, S.: in culpā ponere aliquem: Si mora pro culpā est, O.: tua aetas emovit culpas, H.: fata, quae manent culpas, H.—Person.: ludus erat culpā potare magistrā (i. e. a game in which the loser must drink), H.: Culpam Poena premit comes, H.—Poet.: Huic uni succumbere culpae, temptation, V.— Unchastity: Virginum, H.: hoc praetexit nomine culpam, V.—Remissness, neglect: rem facere culpā minorem, H.—The mischievous thing, mischief: continuo culpam (sc. ovem aegram) ferro compesce, V.* * *fault/blame/responsibility (w/GEN); crime (esp. against chastity); negligence; offense; error; (sense of) guilt; fault/defect (moral/other); sickness/injury -
63 penis
noun* * *['pi:nis](the male sexual organ in humans and many animals.) der Penis* * *pe·nis[pi:nɪs, pl -ni:z]n Penis m\penis envy Penisneid m* * *['piːnɪs]nPenis m* * ** * *noun* * *n.Glied -er n.Penis -se m. -
64 bellum
bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—(ante-class. and poet. ), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:b.subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:b.quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50. -
65 imago
ĭmāgo, ĭnis, f. [cf. imitor], an imitation, copy of a thing, an image, likeness (i. e. a picture, statue, mask, an apparition, ghost, phantom; the latter only poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: simulacrum, effigies, statua, sigillum): imago ab imitatione dicta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 112 Müll.; cf.: imago dicitur quasi imitago, Porphyr. Hor. C. 1, 12, 4.I.Lit.A.In gen., a representation, likeness (usu. of a person), statue, bust, picture:2.Spartiates Agesilaus neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse... unus Xenophontis libellus in eo rege laudando facile omnes imagines omnium statuasque superavit,
Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7:Demosthenes, cujus nuper inter imagines tuas ac tuorum imaginem ex aere vidi,
id. Or. 31, 110:Epicuri in poculis et in anulis,
id. Fin. 5, 1, 3: hominis imaginem gypso e facie ipsa primus omnium expressit ceraque in eam formam gypsi infusa emendare instituit Lysistratus Sicyonius, Plin. 35, 12, 44, § 153:Africani,
Cic. Rep. 6, 10:mulieris,
Quint. 7, 7, 5:Antigoni,
id. 2, 13, 12:depictam in tabula sipariove imaginem rei,
id. 6, 1, 32:si in tabula mea aliquis pinxerit velut imaginem,
Gai. Inst. 2, 78:cereae,
Hor. Epod. 17, 76; id. S. 1, 8, 43:ut dignus venias hederis et imagine macra,
Juv. 7, 29:hoc tibi sub nostra breve carmen imagine vivat,
Mart. 9, 1:epistula atque imago me certum fecit,
i. e. the image on the seal, the signet, Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 35; 4, 2, 29; 4, 7, 105:nunc amici anne inimici sis imago, Alcesime, mihi, sciam,
i. e. will act like a friend, Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 1.—A phantom, ghost, apparition:B.infelix simulacrum atque ipsius umbra Creusae Visa mihi ante oculos et nota major imago,
Verg. A. 2, 773; cf.:et nunc magna mei sub terras ibit imago,
shade, spirit, Verg. A. 4, 654; Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 6; cf. id. ib. 1:non vanae redeat sanguis imagini,
Hor. C. 1, 24, 15:(somnus) Vanum nocturnis fallit imaginibus,
Tib. 3, 4, 56; cf. Hor. C. 3, 27, 40; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Calig. 50:te videt in somnis, tua sacra et major imago humana turbat pavidum,
Juv. 13, 221:quid natum totiens falsis Ludis imaginibus?
phantoms, Verg. A. 1, 408:ubique pavor et plurima mortis imago,
id. ib. 2, 369; cf.:repetitaque mortis imago,
Ov. M. 10, 726:lurida mortis imago,
Petr. 123, v. 257:varia pereuntium forma et omni imagine mortium,
Tac. H. 3, 28:caesorum insepultorumque,
id. A. 1, 62:supremorum (i. e. funeris) imago,
id. H. 4, 45.— Poet.:genitiva (with forma),
natural shape, figure, Ov. M. 3, 331; so,rudis et sine imagine tellus (= informis),
shapeless, id. ib. 1, 87.—In partic., an ancestral image of a distinguished Roman (of one who had been aedile, praetor, or consul; usually made of wax, and placed in the atrium of a Roman house, and carried in funeral processions.—(α).In plur.: obrepsisti ad honores errore hominum, commendatione fumosarum imaginum, quarum simile habes nihil praeter colorem, of smoky (i. e. old) ancestral images, Cic. Pis. 1, 1; cf. Sen. Ben. 3, 28, 1; Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 6:(β).si quid deliquero, nullae sunt imagines, quae me a vobis deprecentur,
no ancestors of distinction, Cic. Agr. 2, 36, 100; cf.:quia imagines non habeo et quia mihi nova nobilitas est,
Sall. J. 85, 25:qui imagines familiae suae consecuti sunt,
Cic. Agr. 2, 1, 1:homo veteris prosapiae ac multarum imaginum,
Sall. J. 85, 10:majorum imagines,
id. ib. 5, 5; Suet. Vesp. 1:multis in familia senatoriis imaginibus,
id. Aug. 4:esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11:qui stupet in titulis et imaginibus,
id. S. 1, 6, 17; Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 6 sqq.; Prop. 2, 13, 19; Suet. Vesp. 19.—In sing. (rare):II.jus imaginis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36:imaginis ornandae causa,
id. Sest. 8, 19:vir honoratissimae imaginis futurus ad posteros,
Liv. 3, 58, 2:clarum hac fore imagine Scaptium,
would become an aristocrat, id. 3, 72, 4, v. Weissenb. ad loc.:Tunc Cotta ne imago Libonis exsequias posterorum comitaretur censuit,
Tac. A. 2, 32.Transf., a reverberation of sound, an echo (mostly poet.):III.(mellaria facere oportet) potissimum ubi non resonent imagines,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:concava pulsu Saxa sonant, vocisque offensa resultat imago,
Verg. G. 4, 50; cf. Sil. 14, 365:alternae deceptus imagine vocis: Huc coëamus ait... Coëamus retulit Echo,
Ov. M. 3, 385:cujus recinit jocosa Nomen imago,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 4; so,jocosa Vaticani montis,
id. ib. 1, 20, 8:vaga,
Val. Fl. 3, 596.Trop.A.In gen., an image or likeness of a thing formed in the mind, a conception, thought, imagination, idea:B.Scipionis memoriam atque imaginem sibi proponere,
Cic. Lael. 27, 102:magnam partem noctium in imagine tua vigil exigo,
Plin. Ep. 7, 5, 1:Verginium cogito, Verginium video, Verginium jam vanis imaginibus audio,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12: imagines, quae eidôla nominant, quorum incursione non solum videmus, sed etiam cogitamus, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 21; cf.:imagines extrinsecus in animos nostros per corpus irrumpere,
id. Ac. 2, 40, 125: plena sunt imaginum omnia, nulla species cogitari potest nisi pulsu imaginum, etc.; id. Div. 2, 67, 137 sq.: unum aliquem te ex barbatis illis, exemplum imperii veteris, imaginem antiquitatis, columen rei publicae diceres intueri, an image of the olden time, id. Sest. 8, 19; cf.:expressam imaginem vitae quotidianae videre,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:quidnam illi consules dictatoresve facturi essent, qui proconsularem imaginem tam saevam ac trucem fecerint, i. e. by cruelty in office,
Liv. 5, 2, 9:naturae... urbis et populi,
Cic. Rep. 2, 39 fin.:justitiae,
Quint. 2, 20, 6:virtutis,
id. 10, 2, 15:similitudines ad exprimendas rerum imagines compositae,
id. 8, 3, 72: illae rerum imagines, quas vocari phantasias indicavimus, id. 10, 7, 15:conscripta formantur imagine templa,
plans, Stat. S. 3, 1, 117:scipione determinata prius templi imagine in solo,
Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 15:tua, pater Druse, imago,
memory, Tac. A. 1, 13:magna illic imago tristium laetorumque,
recollection, id. ib. 2, 53:si te nulla movet tantae pietatis imago,
Verg. A. 6, 405.—In partic.1.In rhet., a figurative representation, similitude, comparison:2.comparabile est, quod in rebus diversis similem aliquam rationem continet. Ejus partes sunt tres: imago, collatio, exemplum. Imago est oratio demonstrans corporum aut naturarum similitudinem, etc.,
Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49; cf.:imago est formae cum forma cum quadam similitudine collatio,
Auct. Her. 4, 49, 62; Sen. Ep. 59, 92; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Hor. S. 2, 3, 320; id. Ep. 1, 7, 34.—With the idea predominating of mere imitation, in opp. to what is original or real, a mere form, image, semblance, appearance, shadow:3.consectatur nullam eminentem effigiem virtutis, sed adumbratam imaginem gloriae,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:nos veri juris germanaeque justitiae solidam et expressam effigiem nullam tenemus: umbra et imaginibus utimur,
id. Off. 3, 17, 69; cf.:non in umbra et imagine civitatis, etc.,
id. Rep. 2, 30; and:umbram equitis Romani et imaginem videtis,
id. Rab. Post. 15, 41:haec ars tota dicendi, sive artis imago quaedam est et similitudo, habet hanc vim, ut, etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 87, 356:judiciorum,
only the appearance of courts, id. Sest. 13, 30; cf.:imaginem rei publicae nullam reliquissent,
id. Agr. 2, 32, 88:his quoque imaginibus juris spretis,
Liv. 41, 8, 10:imaginem retinendi largiendive penes nos, vim penes Parthos,
Tac. A. 15, 14:habitu et ore ad exprimendam imaginem honesti exercitus,
the pretence, id. ib. 16, 32; 6, 27; id. H. 1, 84; 3, 70:qui faciem eloquentiae, non imaginem praestaret,
id. Or. 34:nec imagine rerum, sed rebus incendit,
Quint. 10, 1, 16:in falsa rerum imagine detineri,
id. 10, 5, 17; cf.:nullo quippe alio vincis discrimine, quam quod illi (hermae) marmoreum caput est, tua vivit imago,
Juv. 8, 55.—A representative: non in effigies mutas divinum (Augusti) spiritum transfusum;4.sed imaginem veram, caelesti sanguine ortam, intellegere discrimen, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 52.—That which suggests or recalls something by resemblance, a reminder:me consolatur recordatio meorum temporum, quorum imaginem video in rebus tuis,
Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2:a Corbulone petierat, ne quam imaginem servitii Tiridates perferret,
nothing to suggest slavery, Tac. A. 15, 31; cf.:moriar, si praeter te quemquam reliquum habeo, in quo possim imaginem antiquae et vernaculae festivitatis adgnoscere,
Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 2. -
66 regimen
rĕgĭmen, ĭnis, n. [rego], a guiding, guidance, direction (freq. only after the Aug. per., esp. in. Tac.; not in Cic. or Cæs.).I.Lit.:B.regimen equorum exercere,
Tac. A. 13, 3 fin.:classis,
Vell. 2, 85, 2; cf.:procellis regimen impedire,
Tac. A. 2, 23:equarum,
id. ib. 13, 3:vocis sermonisque regimen primores (dentes) tenet,
Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 70.—Poet., concr., a rudder:II. A.frangitur et regimen,
Ov. M. 11, 552:regimen carinae Flectere,
id. ib. 3, 593: cum magnus inhorruit Auster... Non regimen prodest, Petr. poët. 123, 235. —In gen.: in quo (sc. animo) consilium vitae regimenque locatum est, * Lucr. 3, 95:B.regimen totius magistratūs penes Appium erat,
Liv. 3, 33:rerum,
id. 6, 6:summae rei penes Germanicum,
Tac. A. 1, 31:regimen tenere,
id. ib. 13, 49:cohortium,
id. ib. 12, 42:morum legumque,
Suet. Aug. 27 fin.:virtutis vestrae,
Tac. H. 1, 84: in omnia [p. 1550] regimen, id. A. 3, 47.—In partic., the direction of State affairs, rule, government, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 278 (Ann. v. 400 Vahl.);C.id. ap. Censor. Fragm. c. 14 (Trag. v. 381 ib.): regimen suscipere,
Tac. A. 4, 9:regimen manu tractare cruentum,
Stat. Th. 11, 658.—Concr., a ruler, director, governor:regimen rerum,
i. e. of the State, Liv. 4, 31, 5:rerum humanarum,
Val. Max. 1, 1, 9. -
67 arrepilan
Arrepilan, que hacen ecos. «ARREPILA L'ESQUILONA» —Arrepila con soniu qu'atruenica / lus teixus de la miou aldeina, / la viétcha e grandie 'squilona / de l'illexina piquina. —El machuétlu de l'esquila / que s'inxerta nel cadexu / perque 'l cura la ximielga, / chama con bétcha xufriencia / a les xentes de l'aldina / qu'empaxiétchaes de llutus, / cuerren a falar col cura / ya 'l probitín las conxuela. —¡Groria, groria fala 'l cura, / ameruxáu d'allegría, / allancandu lus sous güétchus / en sous aflixíes xentes! —Fartes les xentes de miéus, / de probeces ya xufriencies, / con dollores tan fendius / que nus fégadus s'esmuelguen, / per recuerdus de sous fíus / que morrierun tóus nel frenti, / del sou home axusticiáu, / del pariente ya 'l vecín, / qu’achuquináus son cadermus / qu'empodrecen noitres tierres. ¡Groria, groria fala l' cura, / ameruxáu d'allegría / qu'al tristeyáu esmuellece. Ya la paz reina na Patria, / l'engarradiétcha afogóuxe, / ya la muerte ta fartuca / d'achuquinar tanta xente! ¡Fatáus de hermenus murrierun, / penes qu’enxamás se xebren, / les regueiráes de chárimes, / en tóus lus cháus de la Patria / xemen mexiétches dollentres, / qu'allumbren güétchus xufríus, qu'enxamás podrán propiare / a sous queridines xentes, qu’en cadarmus se fixerun, / ya encuandiáus tan noitres tierres! ¡Dáile gracies al Faidor / xentes de la miou aldeina / enllutáes ya con penes, / perque 'l cañón ya ta mudu, / ya nun fai llucha nin muerte! ¡Qu'el odiu nun vous corruempa, / qu’el xentíu desañuedáu / 'l cabal xuiciu achegue, / que la vengancia nun ñazca / unde se fexu la muerte! ¡Oitra vez na mio'aldeina / arrepila con más pena / l'esquilona condollentre, / ARREPILA con más pena / que lu fexu noitres veces, / perque agora la vengancia, / gulgue chuquinar con gociu / a fatáus de bones xentes!Primer Diccionario Enciclopédicu de la Llingua Asturiana > arrepilan
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68 penis
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69 penis
penis [ˊpi:nɪs] n (pl penes)анат. пе́нис, мужско́й полово́й о́рган -
70 penis
[ʹpi:nıs] n (pl penes)пенис, мужской половой член -
71 culpa
ae f.1) вина, провинность, проступок, тж. ошибка, погрешностьis est in culpā или c. est in eo C (penes eum Ter, L, PJ) — виноват (повинен) онconferre (transferre) culpam in aliquem C — возложить (переложить) вину на кого-л.culpam in se admittere (committere, contrahere) C — провиниться в чём-л.fortunam in culpam convertere C — вменить в вину неизбежное (то, что случилось по независящим обстоятельствам)sustinere culpam alicujus rei C — быть повинным в чём-л.c. amicitiae C — нарушение дружбы (недружелюбный поступок)c. est in facto meo, non scelus O — в моём деянии есть провинность, но нет преступления2) виновник, причина несчастья, источник заразы ( culpam ferro compescere V)3) недостаток, недочёт ( operum et laudes et culpae Vtr) -
72 extrarius
I extrārius, a, um [ extra ]1) внешний, находящийся снаружи, поступающий извне ( lux Lcr)2) посторонний, не относящийся к внутренней сущности ( bonum Ap)3) чуждый, чужой (accusator Q; mulier Ap)4) иностранный ApII extrārius, ī m.1) чужой человек Ter2) иноземец, чужестранец ( extrario nubĕre Ap) -
73 fides
I fidēs, eī (у Pl, Lcr тж. ēī) f.1) вера, доверие, уверенностьfidem habere C (tribuere, adjungere C etc., ferre V) alicui — верить (доверять) кому-л.abrogare alicui fidem C — не доверять кому-л.ultra fidem Su — невероятноhabere fidem O — заслуживать доверие, быть надёжным, ноsi qua (dicenti) f. est Pt — если вы верите мне, т. е. уж этому можете поверитьfidem facere C, Cs, L — внушать доверие (заставлять верить)aptum quiddam ad fidem faciendam C — нечто способное внушить доверие (т. е. убедительное)f. male ambulans rerum venalium Pt — неважное качество товаровpropter (per) fidem decipere aliquem Ter, L — злоупотребить чьим-л. доверием (обмануть чьё-л. доверие)f. fieri non poterat Cs — трудно было поверить (не верилось)2) кредитf. concĭdit (sublata est) C — кредит упалf. angustior erat Cs — кредит сузился3) верность, честность, добросовестностьjustitia creditis in rebus f. nominatur C — справедливость в вопросах доверия именуется добросовестностьюfidem alicujus orare atque obsecrare C — взывать к чьей-л. совести4) при клятвахper fidem! Pl — клянусь честью! или Pt молю (заклинаю) тебя!, тж. от всей души, искренно(ex) bonā (optimā) fide Pl, C etc. — по чистой совести, по чести5) достоверность, истинность, подлинность (tabularum, litterarum C; testimonii Dig)f. gaudii PJ — неподдельная радостьf. penes auctores erit Sl — за истину пусть отвечают авторыaliquid ex fide narrare Su — правдиво рассказывать о чём-л.ad (in) fidem rei alicujus L — в доказательство чего-л.fidem memoriae alicujus appellare Pt — в доказательство ссылаться на чьи-л. воспоминания6) выполнение, исполнение (dictis addere fidem O; verba (dicta) sequitur f. O)en haec promissa f. est? V — разве это называется выполнить обещания?7) уверение, обещание (fidem dare, accipere C, L etc.)fallere C (violare C, mutare L) fidem, in fide non stare C — не сдержать словаf. (publica) C — государственная гарантия (обещание) безопасности, неприкосновенностиfidem publicam alicui dare C — гарантировать кому-л. безопасность8) защита, покровительство (haec urbs est in fide meā C; implorare fidem deum hominumque C; in fidem recipere aliquem Cs)sequi fidem alicujus Cs — искать чьего-л. покровительстваtradere L (permittere, commendare, committere Ter, conferre C) se или venire in fidem alicujus Cs — отдаться под чьё-л. покровительство или сдаться на волю победителя9) упование, ожиданиеsegĕtis f. H — виды на урожай10) залог, порука (pacis pignus fidesque O; f. pacis et belli Fl)12) символ веры (f. Nicaena CJ)II fidēs, is f. [одного корня с findo и filum]1) струна H, O; преим. pl. струнный инструмент (кифара, лира)canere fidibus C, O — играть на кифаре2) игра на струнном инструменте (discere, docere fidibus C)3) поэт. поэзия (f. Latinae H и Latina Pers)4) созвездие Лиры Vr, C -
74 redigo
ēgī, āctum, ere [red + ago ]1) гнать назад, отгонять ( capellas O); прогонять (hostem in castra L; aliquem in exsilium Just)3) взыскивать, собирать ( pecuniam ex vectigalibus C); выручать ( multum auri Eutr)4) обращать, направлять ( praedam in fiscum T)5) отдавать, передавать ( aliquid penes aliquem C); обращать ( aliquem in servitutem Cs); приводить ( Galliam in potestatem alicujus Cs); доводить (eo, ut... Ter); вынуждать (aliquem ad aliquid Eutr etc.); делать ( aliquem infirmiorem Cs); сводить, низводить (ad vilem assem H; ad nihilum redĭgi Lcr; r. ad minimum onus O)r. in ordinem rhH., Q — упорядочиватьr. in membra O — расчленятьr. in vanum L — сводить на нет, расстраиватьr. ad certum L — удостоверять, делать достовернымr. ad internecionem Cs — истребитьr. aliquid ad limam et lineam certam Ap — проверять что-л. с помощью напильника и отвеса, т. е. весьма тщательно -
75 tirocinium
tīrōcinium, ī n. [ tiro ]1) начало военной службы, первые шаги в военном делеt. (тж. tirocinii rudimenta) (de)ponere L, Just — начинать военную службу, впервые участвовать в походе2) молодые солдаты, новобранцы L3) первые шаги, первый опытt. navium PM — первое плавание судовt. fori Su — первое выступление на форумеprimum t. agendi pēnes judices Ap — первое адвокатское выступление на суде -
76 victoria
I victōria, ae f. [ victor ]v. Sullana Sl — победа Суллы; ноv. Spartāna QC — победа над спартанцамиv. alicujus Sl — победа чья-л.v. de aliquo L — победа над кем-л.victoriam adipisci Cs (parĕre, ferre L) ex aliquo — одержать над кем-л. победуvictoriam reportare ab aliquo или referre ex aliquo C, L — вернуться после победы над кем-л.v. penes patres fuit L — победа осталась за патрициямиv. litium PM — победа в судебных делахII Victōria, ae f.Виктория, богиня победы Pl, C, L etc. -
77 Múlta renáscentúr, quae jám cecidére
Многое может возродиться из того, что уже умерло.Гораций, "Наука поэзии", 70-72:Múlta renáscentúr quae jám cecidére, cadéntqueQuáe nunc súnt in honóre vocábula, sí volet úsus,Quém penes árbitriúm (e)st et jús et nórma loquéndi.Нет, возродятся слова, которые ныне забыты,И позабудутся те, что в чести - коль захочет обычай,Тот, кто диктует и меру, и вкус, и закон нашей речи.(Перевод М. Гаспарова)На ровном поле туча стрел расстроит густые ряды лучшей конницы, а в лесистых местностях никакое огнестрельное оружие не будет так смертельно. Удивительно, как об этом никто не подумал доселе. Лук и стрелы могут быть всегда наготове. Все возрасты, юноши и старцы, могут стрелять из лука. Если стрелы были так убийственны, когда воины были покрыты шлемами и кольчугами, то чего не наделают они над нынешними войсками! Чужда научит; много думать тут нечего; поверьте, воротимся к старому: multa renascentur quae jam cecidere. (H. Г. Чернышевский, Современник, 1854, № 8. Современные заметки..)Глубокое знание истории, во всех ее видах, привело Арсеньева к признанию, что последние факторы [ упрек в отрешении от жизни и в некоторой утопичности взглядов ] очень часто лишь кажутся прочными и неустранимыми. Пред холодным взором истории постоянно повторяется стих Вергилия [ Ошибка Кони. - авт. ]: "Multa renascentur quae jam cecidere, cadentque quae sunt in honore...", и то, что сегодня считалось чуждым и навязываемым жизни, завтра доказывается ею-то именно и порожденным, и властно требуемым. (А. Ф. Кони, Константин Константинович Арсеньев.)Латинско-русский словарь крылатых слов и выражений > Múlta renáscentúr, quae jám cecidére
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78 Summa summārum
"Сумма сумм", "итог итогов", т. е. конечный итог в общем итоге, в конечном итоге.В древности это сочетание употреблялось в значении "совокупность вещей" - ср. ниже у Плавта и у Лукреция, в поэме которого это значение конкретизировалось как "мироздание, вселенная"В средние века summa summarum, т. е. суть сути, в соответствии с одним из значений слова summa, называлось самое краткое систематическое изложение какого-л. предмета (краткое изложение называлось summa - напр. Фома Аквинский написал Summa theologiae).Плавт, "Крикун", 21-25:[ Diniarchus: ]Amánti, dúm id perdíscat, quót pereát modis;Nequ(e) eám ratión(em) eáps(e) umqu(am) éducét Venus,Quam pénes amántum súmma súmmarúm redit.[ Диниарх: ]Не хватит века изучить все гибели,Которые грозят постичь влюбленного;Самой Венере, наших дел печальнице,Исчислить их нет никакой возможности.Лукреций, "О природе вещей", I, 361-63:Quí locus ést quo díssiliánt, neque córpora súnt quaePóssint íncider(e) ét validá dissólvere plága.Вечное все таково мирозданье в целом, и нетуВне его места, чтоб врозь разлететься, и тел нет, какиеПасть на него бы могли и толчком его мощным расторгнуть.(Перевод Ф. Петровского)Summa summarum: обе организации - Федерация и Лига, вместе взятые, не насчитывают и 2000 платящих взносы членов, а обе их газеты не имеют и 5000 читателей, причем большинство последних - сочувствующие буржуа, попы, литераторы и т. п. (Ф. Энгельс - Августу Бебелю, 12.IV 1886.)Summa summarum. Проект говорит в положительной форме о революционности мелкой буржуазии (если она "поддерживает" пролетариат, разве это не значит, что она революционна?) и ни слова не говорит о ее консервативности (и даже реакционности). Это совершенно односторонне и неправильно. (В. И. Ленин, Замечания на второй проект программы Плеханова.)Summa summarum, русская буржуазия за время царствования Александра III прикарманила себе огромные прибыли и, как выразился однажды один из самых влиятельных ее представителей, фабрикант Морозов, "с упованием взирала на будущее". (Он же, Россия перед сменою режима.)Мы обольщаемся аналогиею главных обстоятельств, а мир управляется мелочами, и общий закон есть не что иное, как summa summarum этих мелочей (А. В. Никитенко, Дневник.)Латинско-русский словарь крылатых слов и выражений > Summa summārum
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79 Usus tyrannus
Обычай - тиран.ср. Гораций, "Наука поэзии", 71:Si volet usus,см. Múlta renáscentúr, quae jám cecidére Cp. А. С. Пушкин, "Евгений Онегин", VIII: Привычка - деспот меж людей.Грамматика не дает таланта, но дает таланту большую силу, и грамма-тику только тот знает, кто знает, как следовало по правилу сказать или написать то или другое слово, ту или другую фразу, которым живая область употребления (usus tyrannus) дала неправильную форму. (В. Г. Белинский, "Грамматические разыскания" В. А. Васильева.)Еще замечание: г. Григорьев любит употреблять слово зоне, и это выходит у него крайне неловко. Это слово ввел Пушкин, но он употребил его только раз в "Борисе Годунове", очень ловко, кстати и на месте - Оно хорошо для поэзии, заменяя книжное "ибо" и прозаическое "потому что"; но - usus tyrannus - старая истина! Чего не мог ввести Пушкин, того не введет г. Григорьев. (Он же, Стихотворения Аполлона Григорьева.)Когда в 8 часов Угаров собрался в оперу, Яша убедил его заехать домой и переодеться, говоря, что порядочные люди иначе не ездят в оперу как во фраке. - Что делать, мой любезнейший! - прибавил Иван Иваныч. - Usus tyramtus. (А. Н. Апухтин, Два отрывка из неоконченной повести.)Латинско-русский словарь крылатых слов и выражений > Usus tyrannus
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80 blatio
blatio, īre (verwandt mit blatero), plappern, papeln, schwatzen, absol., ut Silenus penes aures Midae blatit, Tert. de pall. 2: m. Acc., bl. nugas (abgeschmacktes Zeug), Plaut. Amph. 626;
Curc. 452: quippe tu mihi aliquid aliquo modo alicunde ab aliquibus blatis, Plaut. Epid. 334.
См. также в других словарях:
penes — [pē′nēz΄] n. alt. pl. of PENIS * * * pe·nes (pēʹnēz) n. A plural of penis. * * * … Universalium
penes — [pē′nēz΄] n. alt. pl. of PENIS … English World dictionary
Penes — Mihaela Peneş (* 22. Juli 1947 in Bukarest) ist eine ehemalige rumänische Leichtathletin. Bei einer Körpergröße von 1,84 m betrug ihr Wettkampfgewicht 94 kg. Als Mihaela Peneş am 16. Oktober 1964 zum Finale im Speerwurf bei den Olympischen… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Peneş — Diese Schreibung ist obsolet. Das Stichwort ist unter „Peneș“ zu finden. In der rumänischen Orthographie finden statt der Buchstaben Şş und Ţţ die Buchstaben Șș und Țț Anwendung … Deutsch Wikipedia
penes — Plural of penis, as in diphallus. * * * penes pl of PENIS … Medical dictionary
penes — plural of penis * * * penes pl. of penis … Useful english dictionary
penes quos est reipubllca — index government (political administration) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
penes — (Order Isopoda): Paired (occasionally fused) submedian processes from vas deferens on sternum of male pereonite VII or pleonite 1. (Singular = penis) [Wetzer et al. 1997] … Crustacea glossary
Penes — Pe|nes: Pl. von ↑ Penis. * * * Pe|nes: Pl. von ↑Penis … Universal-Lexikon
penes — is., Mac. penész Genellikle halk oyunlarında kızların süs olarak kullandığı, altını taklit, sarı tenekeden pul … Çağatay Osmanlı Sözlük
Penes — Pe|nes [ pe:ne:s]: Plur. von ↑Penis … Das große Fremdwörterbuch