-
101 life
n1) жизнь2) срок службы, стаж5) срок работы (машины и т.п.)
- average life
- average service life
- business life
- class life
- depreciable life
- economic life
- estimated service life
- expected life
- expected useful life
- guaranteed service life
- limited life
- mechanical life of a machine
- occupational life
- operating life
- patent life
- perpetual life
- physical life
- product life
- product useful life
- professional life
- project life
- property life
- rated life
- remaining life
- service life
- service life of a machine
- serviceable life
- shelf life
- stock life
- storable life
- storage life
- useful life
- useful life of an asset
- weighted-average life
- working life
- life of assets
- life of a contract
- life of a lease
- life of a licence
- life of a loan
- life of a patent
- life of a policy
- life of stock
- life set by law for the given type of property -
102 method
n
- abbreviated method
- accelerated method
- accounting method
- accretion method
- accrual method
- accrued benefit valuation method
- actual cost method
- actuarial method
- adequate method
- ad hoc method
- advanced method
- advertising method
- age-life method of depreciation
- amortization method
- approximation method
- assessment method
- automated processing method
- backtracking method
- balance method
- batch method of production
- bidding methods
- block booking method
- bookkeeping method
- branch-and-bound method
- by-product method of cost accounting
- calculation method
- capital-intensive method of production
- case study method
- cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting
- common methods of fraud
- completed contract method
- complete elimination method
- composition ratio method
- continual review method
- control method
- conventional method
- conventional production methods
- costing method
- cost-based methods
- cost depletion method
- cost-plus method
- cost-recovery method
- cost-saving method
- credit-scoring method
- critical path method
- declining-balance depreciation method
- depreciation method
- design methods
- direct method of depreciation
- direct method of standardization
- direct write-off method
- discounted cash flow method
- distributing method
- distribution method
- double-declining-balance depreciation method
- double description method
- double entry method
- economical method
- effective method
- efficient method
- estimating method
- evaluation method
- fabrication method
- fifo costing method
- first in, first out costing method
- forecasting method
- general method
- generalized method
- genetic engineering method
- graduation method
- graph method
- gross method
- gross profit method
- index method
- indexing method
- industrial method
- inspection method
- installment sale method
- inventory method
- inventory valuation method
- investment valuation method
- irregular method of write-off
- item-by-item method
- job method of cost accounting
- job order method of cost accounting
- joint product method of cost accounting
- kid-glove methods
- labour-hour method of depreciation
- lean production methods
- least-squares method
- lifo costing method
- last in, first out costing method
- loading method
- machine-hour method
- machine-hour rate depreciation method
- machining method
- mail questionnaire method
- major category method
- manual methods
- manufacturing method
- matching transactions method
- materials moving methods
- net method
- network method
- normal method
- numerical method
- one-factor-at-a-time method
- operating method
- output method of depreciation
- packaging method
- packing method
- patentable method
- patented method
- payback method
- periodic inventory method
- perpetual inventory method
- perturbation method
- physical volume method
- playback method
- point method
- prediction methods
- present value method
- pricing method
- prime cost method
- process method of cost accounting
- processing method
- production methods
- production method of depreciation
- production control method
- profit split method
- progressive methods
- quality control method
- quantitative method
- random observation method
- ranking method
- reducing balance method of depreciation
- reinterview method
- replacement method of depreciation
- resale price method
- retirement method of depreciation
- risk management method
- safe method
- sample method
- sampling method
- saturation method
- scheduling method
- scientific method
- searching method
- sequential method
- service output depreciation method
- short method
- simplex method
- sinking fund method of depreciation
- special method
- standard method
- statistical method
- stochastic approximation method
- straight line method
- straight-line method of depreciation
- straight line depreciation method
- straight-line flow method
- sum of the digits method of depreciation
- sum of the years' digits method of depreciation
- systematical method
- table method
- tally sheet method
- taxation method
- teaching methods
- team development method
- test method
- testing method
- total inventory method
- trial and error method
- turnover method
- unit method of depreciation
- unit of production method of depreciation
- unit of production depreciation method
- valuation method
- variational method
- working method
- working hours method of depreciation
- workshop method
- method of accounting
- method of amortization
- method of analysis
- method of assessment
- method of average
- method of calculation
- method of characteristics
- method of collaboration
- method of comparison
- methods of construction
- method of conveyance
- method of cooperation
- method of delivery
- method of depreciation
- method of designated routes
- method of display
- method of distribution
- methods of dodging taxes
- method of estimation
- method of evaluation
- method of exclusion
- method of feasible directions
- method of finance
- method of financing
- method of forwarding
- method of identification
- method of indirect export
- method of indirect import
- method of inspection
- method of leading averages
- method of leading variables
- method of levying duties
- methods of management
- method of manufacture
- method of operation
- method of ordering
- method of packaging
- method of packing
- method of payment
- method of planning
- method of production
- method of promotion
- method of quality determination
- methods of regulation
- method of reimbursement
- method of sales promotion
- method of sampling
- method of settlement
- method of shipment
- method of shipping
- method of smoothing
- method of solution
- method of stowage
- method of stowing
- method of successive approximation
- methods of trading
- methods of training
- method of transportation
- method of working
- cost or market whichever is lower method of inventory valuation
- adopt a method
- apply a method
- develop a method
- employ a method
- follow a method
- introduce a method
- practise a method
- realize a method
- repeal a method
- revise a method
- work out a methodEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > method
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103 performance
n1) выполнение, исполнение (работы, обязанностей, обязательств)2) работа, функционирование (о машине)3) рабочая характеристика; эксплуатационные качества4) производительность; эффективность (системы, оборудования)
- actual performance
- automatic performance
- average performance
- bank performance
- break-even performance
- budget performance
- collateral performance
- continued performance
- continuous performance
- corporate revenue performance
- current operating performance
- dependable performance
- design performance
- earnings performance
- economic performance
- error-free performance
- estimated performance
- extra performance
- fail-safe performance
- faithful performance
- fertility performance
- field performance
- forecasting performance
- guaranteed performance
- individual performance
- in-use performance
- investment performance
- labour performance
- machine performance
- managerial performance
- market performance
- maximum performance
- negative performance
- nominal performance
- normal performance
- operational performance
- operator performance
- optimal performance
- optimum performance
- overall performance
- partial performance
- peak performance
- poor performance
- poor earnings performance
- price performance
- product performance
- profit performance
- proper performance
- quality performance
- quarterly performance
- reliable performance
- residual performance
- revenue performance
- sales performance
- schedule performance
- share performance
- share price performance
- smooth performance
- specific performance
- standard performance
- strong economic performance
- substandard performance
- team performance
- test performance
- top performance
- transport performance
- trouble-free performance
- uninterrupted performance
- unsatisfactory performance
- unskilful performance of duties
- performance of an agreement
- performance of a contract
- performance of commitments
- performance of a company
- performance of duties
- performance of economic system
- performance of engagements
- performance of equipment
- performance of functions
- performance of a machine
- performance of obligations
- performance of services
- performance of technology
- performance of tests
- performance of the undertaking
- performance of work
- attain the guaranteed performance
- effect performance
- improve performance
- increase performance
- measure performance
- monitor company performance
- raise performanceEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > performance
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104 schedule
1. n1) список, опись, реестр2) расписание, график3) план, программа; календарный план4) приложение (к документу); пояснительная записка (к бухгалтерскому отчету); дополнительная статья (договора)
- accumulation schedule
- adjusted schedule
- advertising schedule
- aging schedule
- agreed schedule
- amortization schedule
- bookkeeping schedule
- busy schedule
- busy schedule of appointments
- census schedule
- comprehensive schedule
- construction schedule
- consumption schedule
- contract schedule
- cost schedule
- curtail schedule
- customs schedule
- debt repayment schedule
- debt service schedule
- delivery schedule
- demand schedule
- depreciation schedule
- disbursement schedule
- dividend payment schedule
- drawdown schedule
- erection schedule
- exhibition schedule
- feasible schedule
- fee schedule
- field work schedule
- final schedule
- flat schedule
- flexible schedule
- flight schedule
- inquiry schedule
- inventory schedule
- job schedule
- joint schedule
- leave schedule
- linear schedule
- maintenance schedule
- manning schedule
- master schedule
- monthly schedule
- operating schedule
- operation schedule
- operative schedule
- optimal schedule
- payment schedule
- plant schedule
- practicable schedule
- preference schedule
- principal payment schedule
- production schedule
- project schedule
- project implementation schedule
- railway schedule
- rate schedule
- redemption schedule
- repayment schedule
- replacement schedule
- requirement schedule
- revised schedule
- rolling schedule
- saving schedule
- seasonal rate schedule
- separate schedule
- settlement schedule
- shipping schedule
- staffing schedule
- supply schedule
- tariff schedule
- task schedule
- tax schedule
- tentative schedule
- tight schedule
- timing schedule
- training schedule
- vacation schedule
- wage schedule
- work schedule
- workable schedule
- working schedule
- schedule for repayment of principal
- schedule of advertising
- schedule of charges
- schedule of commission charges
- schedule of construction
- schedule of deliveries
- schedule of expenses
- schedule of fees
- schedule of investments
- schedule of materials
- schedule of materials on order
- schedule of measures
- schedule of payments
- schedule of per diem rates
- schedule of prices
- schedule of services
- schedule of work
- according to schedule
- ahead of schedule
- on schedule
- out of schedule
- schedule
- up to schedule
- abide by the schedule
- adhere to the schedule
- agree upon a schedule
- approve a schedule
- be ahead of schedule
- be behind schedule
- be on schedule
- break a schedule
- compile a schedule
- coordinate schedules
- draw up a schedule
- elaborate a schedule
- establish a production schedule
- finalize a schedule
- keep to schedule
- maintain a schedule
- make a schedule
- map out a schedule
- meet a schedule
- operate to schedule
- prepare a schedule
- revise a schedule
- run on schedule
- work out a schedule
- work to schedule2. v
- schedule hearingEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > schedule
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105 service
1. n1) работа; служба; сфера деятельности2) линия связи; сообщение; перевозки3) обслуживание, сервис; сфера услуг4) услуга6) уплата процентов (по займам, облигациям)7) вручение (судебной повестки)
- accessorial service
- accommodation service
- accounting system services
- actuarial services
- additional services
- add-on service
- adequate service
- administrative services
- advertising service
- advisory service
- aerial service
- aftersale service
- aftersale technical service
- agency services
- agency service for ships
- agent's services
- agricultural services
- agricultural quarantine service
- air service
- aircraft service
- airmail service
- air passenger service
- air transport services
- ancillary services
- auditing services
- auditor services
- automatic transfer service
- auxiliary services
- back office services
- back-up services
- bank services
- banking service
- beforesale services
- bond service
- bulk service
- bus service
- business services
- buying service
- car service
- cartage service
- cash service
- cash management services
- charter service
- chartering service
- city-terminal service
- civil service
- cleaning services
- coach service
- collection service
- combat zone service
- combined services
- commercial services
- communication service
- commuter service
- competent services
- competitive services
- comprehensive services
- construction engineering services
- consuler service
- consultation services
- consulting services
- consumer services
- container service
- container-on-flatcar service
- continuous service
- contract services
- corporate advisory services
- corporate customer service
- credit and settlement services
- cross-selling banking services
- current services on loans
- custodial services
- customer service
- customs service
- daily service
- debt service
- delivery service
- depositary service
- design services
- development and research services
- distribution services
- emergency service
- employee services
- engineering services
- essential service
- exchange service
- expert services
- export services
- export packing service
- express service
- express air freight service
- express delivery service
- factory services
- fast freight service
- fee-based services
- ferry service
- fiduciary service
- field service
- financial service
- financing services
- first aid service
- first class service
- fishy-back service
- forwarding service
- free services
- freight service
- fringe services
- full service
- full container load service
- full time service
- gate service
- government services
- government debt service
- gratis services
- guard service
- handling service
- harbour services
- health service
- home-delivery service
- industrial services
- industrial extension services
- information service
- infrastructure services
- inland revenue service
- insurance services
- intercity bus service
- inter-city feeder services
- interlibrary loan service
- intermediary services
- Internal Revenue Service
- internal accounting services
- investigation service
- investment services
- invisible services
- irregular service
- janitorial services
- joint rail-air freight service
- large-scale services
- legal services
- lighter service
- liner service
- liner freight service
- liner passenger service
- local services
- long-distance transport service
- loss making services
- low density service
- mail service
- maintenance service
- management service
- management advisory services
- market services
- marketing service
- mass service
- medical service
- merchant service
- military service
- mixed service
- municipal services
- National Giro Service
- National Health Service
- news service
- night service
- night depository service
- nonpreferential service
- nonscheduled service
- nonstop service
- occupational guidance service
- on-board passenger service
- operating services
- outdoor service
- outside service
- overland service
- paid services
- passenger service
- pensionable service
- permanent service
- personal service
- personal banking services
- phone inquiry service
- pick-up service
- piggyback service
- pilot service
- pilotage service
- placement service
- plant quarantine service
- postmarketing service
- postsale service
- preemptive service
- preferential service
- presale service
- prior services
- priority service
- processing services
- professional services
- prompt service
- proper service
- protocol service
- public service
- Public Health Service
- publicity service
- public transport service
- quality control service
- quick repair service
- rail service
- railroad service
- railway service
- railway ferry service
- reciprocal services
- regular service
- rental service
- repair services
- retail service
- retail banking service
- road transport service
- ro-ro service
- safe deposit services
- safety service
- sanitary service
- scheduled service
- scheduled debt service
- security service
- self-dial long-distance service
- senior service
- settlement service
- shipping services
- ship's agency service
- shuttle service
- single-carrier service
- site services
- small-scale services
- social services
- specialized service
- statistical service
- supervisory services
- support services
- technical service
- technical control service
- technical information service
- technological services
- telecommunication service
- telephone service
- through service
- ticker service
- top-notch service
- tourist services
- towage service
- trade information service
- trailer-on-flatcar service
- training services
- tramp service
- transport service
- transportation services
- travel service
- trouble-free service
- trunk line service
- trust services
- tug service
- turnabout service
- underwriting services
- unremunerative services
- up-to-date service
- urgent service
- warranty service
- watchman service
- welfare services
- service by mail
- service by post
- services in advertising
- service in bulk
- services in publicity
- services of an agency
- service of loans
- service of notice
- service of papers
- services of personnel
- service on call
- service to customers
- services to visitors
- service without interruption
- service with waiting
- record services and archives
- in service
- fit for service
- unfit for service
- bring into service
- charge for services
- complete service
- do services
- enlist the services of smb
- employ services
- furnish services
- give services
- go into service
- maintain a service
- maintain regular service
- make use of services
- offer services
- pay for services
- perform services
- provide services
- provide customer service
- publicize services
- put into service
- render services
- require services
- resort to services
- retire from service
- run services
- sell advisory services
- start service
- supply services
- suspend the service
- tender one's services
- undertake a service
- use the services of a lawyer
- utilize services2. v1) обслуживатьEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > service
-
106 system
n1) система; комплекс2) система; порядок; классификация3) метод; способ
- accelerated cost recovery system
- accounting system
- actual cost system
- administrative system
- advanced system
- airline system
- appointment system
- assessment system
- automated control system
- automated management system
- automatic conveyor system
- automatic data processing system
- automatic transfer system
- banking system
- batch system
- bidding system
- bilateral clearing system
- bimetallic monetary system
- bonus system
- budgetary control system
- cash system
- centralized control system
- central record system
- chain store system
- checking system
- classification system
- clearing system
- clearing house interbank payment system
- closed system
- closed system of finance
- communication system
- computerised system
- computerised system of payments
- computerised interbank clearing system
- conference system
- constrained system
- constraint system
- container system
- contract system
- contractual vertical marketing system
- control system
- controlled system
- corporate vertical marketing system
- cost accounting system
- cost control system
- cost distribution system
- credit system
- crediting system
- credit scoring system
- credit transfer system
- cropping system
- currency system
- data system
- data acquisition system
- data collection system
- data interchange system
- data processing system
- data transmission system
- decentralized system
- decimal system
- deferred rebate system
- department incentive system
- deposit insurance system
- distribution system
- dual system
- dual-pay system
- dual price system
- dual standard cost system
- dynamic system
- economic system
- educational system
- electronic book-entry system
- electronic fund transfer system
- engineering system
- equilibrium system
- estimate cost system
- European monetary system
- evaluation system
- exchange system
- factory system
- farming system
- farm price system
- Federal Reserve System
- feedback system
- financial system
- fiscal system
- forecasting system
- free enterprise system
- generalized system of preferences
- giro system
- hauling system
- hire purchase system
- historical cost system
- household system
- import quota system
- imprest system
- industrial system
- inefficient tax system
- information system
- information retrieval system
- in-plant system
- inspection system
- integrated accounting system
- integrated record system
- Internet-based system
- inventory control system
- irrigation system
- job order cost system
- judicial system
- justice system
- land tenure system
- land-use system
- legal system
- licence system
- linear system
- lump system
- macroeconomic system
- management system
- management information system
- managerial system
- market system
- marketing system
- master system
- measuring system
- mechanical accounting system
- mercantile system
- metric system
- monetary system
- monitoring system
- multichannel system
- multicomputer system
- multidepot system
- multiitem system
- multilateral system of settlements
- multilevel system
- multiple system
- multiproduct inventory system
- multipurpose system
- multirobot system
- multistage system
- multiuser computer system
- national banking system
- normalized system
- office system
- one-crop system
- one-price system
- open price system
- operating system
- operational system
- order system
- ordering system
- par value system
- patent system
- pay system
- pay-as-you-earn system
- pay-as-you-go system
- payment system
- petty cash system
- piecework system
- planning system
- postal system
- post giro system
- power system
- premium system
- price system
- priority system
- private enterprise system
- process control system
- processing system
- production system
- product testing system
- programme system
- programme development system
- programming system
- protectionist system
- protective system
- public-address system
- quality system
- quality intelligence system
- quality rating system
- queueing system
- quota system
- railroad system
- railway system
- rating system
- rationing system
- real-time system
- recording system
- record keeping system
- reference system
- registration system
- relay system
- remote-control system
- reporting system
- retail trade system
- retrieval system
- risk-management system
- rotation system
- savings bank system
- scoring system
- search system
- selection system
- service system
- settlement system
- sewage system
- shared resource system
- shuttle system
- single system
- single-channel system
- social system
- stable system
- stand-alone system
- standard system
- standard cost system
- standby system
- state system
- static system
- stationary system
- storage system
- storekeeping system
- supply system
- sweating system
- tariff system
- tax system
- taxation system
- telecommunication system
- telephone system
- telephone answering system
- tender system
- tenure system
- testing system
- time-shared system
- timesharing system
- transfer system
- transmission system
- transport system
- transportation system
- trial system
- truck system
- two-shift system
- two-tier banking system
- two-tier gold system
- underwriting system
- uniform system of accounts
- universal time system
- unstable system
- value system
- vertical marketing system
- voucher system
- wage system
- wage labour system
- warehousing system
- waste disposal system
- waste handling system
- waste treatment system
- water system
- weighting system
- working system
- world system
- system of accounts
- system of administration
- system of bookkeeping
- system of classification
- system of control
- system of distribution
- system of information
- system of levies
- system of management
- system of marketing
- system of marking
- system of protective tariffs
- system of sales
- system of settlements
- system of tariffs
- system of taxation
- system of transportation
- system of units
- system of weights and measures
- bypass the banking system
- convert to a metric system
- design a system
- operate a system
- phase out the quota systemEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > system
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107 time
nвремя; период; срок; момент
- active time
- actual time
- additional time
- administrative time
- allowed time
- application time
- appointed time
- arrival time
- assembly time
- attendance time
- average time
- bad time
- base time
- basic time
- break time
- busy time
- calculating time
- calendar time
- changeover time
- check time
- closing time
- computing time
- critical time
- customer waiting time
- cycle time
- dead time
- delay time
- delivery time
- demand usage time
- demurrage time
- departure time
- detention time
- disbursement time
- disbursement float time
- discharging time
- dispatch time
- down time
- effective time
- estimated time
- execution time
- exhibition time
- expired time
- external idle time
- forwarding time
- free time
- free storage time
- full time
- guarantee time
- handling time
- idle time
- improvement time
- in-commission time
- in-service time
- interest time
- interrepair time
- job time
- labour time
- lay time
- lead time
- leisure time
- lie time
- life time
- loading time
- local time
- long time
- lost time
- lunch time
- machine time
- machine idle time
- machining time
- maintenance time
- make-ready time
- manual time
- maximum time
- mean time
- necessary labour time
- net time
- net working time
- nonproductive time
- normal time
- off time
- opening time
- operating time
- operation time
- order time
- outage time
- overall time
- part time
- payback time
- payoff time
- processing time
- procurement time
- production time
- productive time
- programming time
- queueing time
- random time
- readiness time
- real time
- reasonable time
- reference time
- repair time
- running time
- scheduled time
- service time
- servicing time
- setup time
- setting-up time
- shipping time
- short time
- slack time
- spare time
- standard time
- standby time
- standing time
- startup time
- stopping time
- storage time
- straight time
- subsidized time
- swing time
- throughput time
- total time
- transit time
- travel time
- turnaround time
- uninterrupted working time
- unproductive time
- usable time
- usage time
- waiting time
- warming-up time
- work time
- working time
- time for acceptance
- time for appeal
- time for application
- time for complaint
- time for consideration
- time for delivery
- time for dispatch
- time for loading
- time for payment
- time for presentation
- time for protesting
- time for repayment
- time of arrival
- time of circulation
- time of delivery
- time of departure
- time of dispatch
- time of execution
- time of loading
- time of manufacture
- time of maturity
- time of nonuse
- time of operation
- time of payment
- time of performance of a contract
- time of presentation
- time of production
- time of redemption
- time of shipment
- time of transportation
- time of turnover
- time of validity
- time of a visit
- time of waiting
- ahead of time
- at the appointed time
- at the fixed time
- at a more opportune time
- at the present time
- for some time
- for the time being
- in time
- in due time
- in good time
- on time
- out of time
- time out
- time required
- time worked
- adhere to the time of delivery
- allow time
- buy on time
- change the time
- charge time
- curtail the time
- exceed the time
- extend the time
- fix a time
- keep the time
- make up for lost time
- mark time
- observe the time
- pay ahead of time
- pay on time
- postpone the delivery time
- reduce the time
- revise the time
- save time
- set a time
- specify a time
- stipulate a time
- take time
- take time out
- waste time
- work half time -
108 unit
n1) единица; целое
- accountability unit
- accounting unit
- auxiliary unit
- basic unit
- business unit
- capital units
- capitalization unit
- consumer unit
- contract units
- conventional unit
- cost unit
- currency unit
- dairy unit
- defective unit
- depreciation unit
- economic unit
- equivalent unit
- evaluation unit
- factory unit
- family farm unit
- fixed assets unit
- functional unit
- housing unit
- international units
- local unit
- measurement unit
- metric unit
- monetary unit
- money unit
- national currency unit
- nonprofit making unit
- offshore banking unit
- operating unit
- payment unit
- physical unit
- pricing unit
- product unit
- production unit
- prototype unit
- registration unit
- remote service unit
- replacement unit
- retirement unit
- sales unit
- sample unit
- sampling unit
- self-financing unit
- service unit
- SI units
- standard unit
- statistical unit
- stock-keeping unit
- structural unit
- support unit
- test unit
- time unit
- trading unit
- transport unit
- transportation unit
- work unit
- workday unit
- unit in service
- unit of account
- unit of charge
- unit of currency
- unit of equipment
- unit of inventory
- unit of measure
- unit of measurement
- unit of output
- unit of production
- unit of quantity
- unit of trading
- unit of value
- unit of weight
- per unit -
109 area
1) площадь, территория, участок2) район, область; зона• -
110 guideline lives
установленные сроки амортизации для зданий и оборудования, используемых в бизнесе• -
111 performance
1) работа (материала, конструкции, инструмента)2) характеристика работы машины; эксплуатационные характеристики3) производительность; эффективность; кпд4) выполнение (напр. договора)•- performance of structures - automatic performance - best performance - bond performance - concrete performance - dependable performance - estimated performance - fan performance - field performance - hydraulic performance - noise performance - prove-in performance - reliable performance - service performance - standard performance - structural performance - team performance - test performance* * *1. поведение, работа (материала, конструкции, инструмента); характеристика, показатели работы; режим; действие, функционирование; эксплуатационные качества2. выполнение (напр. договора)- performance of structuresperformance in fire — характер работы [поведение] конструкции при пожаре
- bond performance
- building performance
- concrete performance
- fan performance
- normal performance
- operating performance of the equipment
- pavement performance
- reliable performance
- structural performance -
112 time
1) время, продолжительность, длительность; интервал времени; период; срок2) темп, такт3) синхронизировать; регулировать; определять время•- time of completion - time of concrete hardening - time of duration - time of mixing - time of run - time of setting - time of stripping - time of vibration - activity time - actuation time - basin lag time - bucket lifting time - bucket lifting time fully loaded - bucket lowering time fully loaded - bucket lowering time - bucket lowering time unloaded - bucket tipping time - bucket tipping for discharge time - chill time - concrete mixing time - construction time - crash time - dead time - delay time - delivery time - detention time - filtration time - engineering time - heating-up time - idle time - lead time - pay-back time - pour time - prefailure time - relaxation time - residence time - reverberation time - reversing time - setting time - slowing-down time - transit time - warm-up time - working time* * *время; интервал времени; период; срок; длительность; продолжительность- time of concentration
- time of final setting
- time of haul
- time of initial setting
- time of relaxation
- time of stripping
- time of travel
- time of wave travel
- actual construction time
- batch mixing time
- boarding-alighting time
- clarification time
- concentration time
- construction time
- contact time
- contract time
- crane hook time
- dead time
- delay time
- detention time
- earliest event occurrence time
- early finish time
- early start time
- filtration time
- final setting time
- float time
- flow time
- flowability time
- free float time
- heating-up time
- high time
- initial setting time
- journey time
- lag time
- loading time
- mixing time
- operating time
- pour time
- preheating time
- reaction time
- recovery time
- residence time
- response time
- retention time
- reverberation time
- running time
- running-up time
- scheduled erection time
- setting time
- settling time
- stand-up time
- start-to-finish time for construction
- start-to-finish time
- start-up time
- stopped time
- strength-gaining time
- striking time
- travel time
- traveling time
- utilization time
- vibration time -
113 computer schedule
1. график работы вычислительной машиныdesign schedule — расчетная таблица; план работ по проекту
2. график работы машины -
114 management
management ['mænɪdʒmənt](a) (control → of firm, finances, property) gestion f, direction f; (of economy, money, resources) gestion;∎ the management of the country's economy la gestion de l'économie du pays;∎ all their problems are due to bad management tous leurs problèmes sont dus à une mauvaise gestion;∎ under Gordon's management sales have increased significantly depuis que c'est Gordon qui s'en occupe, les ventes ont considérablement augmenté;∎ who looks after the management of the farm? qui s'occupe de l'exploitation de la ferme?;∎ management by exception direction f par exceptions;∎ management by objectives gestion f par objectifs(b) (handling → of crisis, illness etc) gestion f;∎ she was praised for her management of the situation on a applaudi la façon dont elle s'est comportée dans cette situation(c) (of shop, hotel etc) direction f;∎ the management cannot accept responsibility for any loss or damage (sign) la direction décline toute responsabilité en cas de perte ou de dommage;∎ under new management (sign) changement de direction ou de propriétaire;∎ they're on the management ils font partie de la direction∎ negotiations between management and unions have broken down les négociations entre le patronat et les syndicats ont échoué►► management accountant contrôleur(euse) m,f de gestion;management accounting comptabilité f de gestion;management accounts comptes mpl de gestion;management audit contrôle m de gestion;Finance management buy-in apport m de gestion;British management buy-out rachat m d'une société par la direction;management committee comité m de direction;management consultancy (activity) conseil m en gestion (d'entreprise); (firm) cabinet m (de) conseil;management consultant conseiller(ère) m,f en ou de gestion (d'entreprise);management contract contrat m de gestion;management expenses frais mpl de gestion;management fee honoraires mpl d'un consultant;management function fonction f d'encadrement;management information system système m intégré de gestion;management operating system système m intégré de gestion;management report rapport m de gestion; (accounts statistics) tableau m de bord;management skills qualités fpl de gestionnaire;management studies (UNCOUNT) études fpl de gestion;management style mode m de gestion;management summary résumé m managérial;management team équipe f dirigeante;management technique méthode f de gestion;management theory théorie f de la gestion de l'entreprise;management tool outil m de gestion;management training formation f des cadres -
115 exchange rate risk
Finthe risk of suffering loss on converting another currency to the currency of a company’s own country.EXAMPLEExchange rate risks can be arranged into three primary categories. (1.) Economic exposure: operating costs will rise due to changes in rates and make a product uncompetitive in the world market. Little can be done to reduce this routine business risk that every enterprise must endure. (2.) Translation exposure: the impact of currency exchange rates will reduce a company’s earnings and weaken its balance sheet. To reduce translation exposure, experienced corporate fund managers use a range of techniques known as currency hedging. (3.) Transaction exposure: there will be an unfavorable move in a specific currency between the time when a contract is agreed and the time it is completed, or between the time when a lending or borrowing is initiated and the time the funds are repaid. Transaction exposure can be eased by factoring: transferring title to foreign accounts receivable to a third-party factoring house.Although there is no definitive way of forecasting exchange rates, largely because the world’s economies and financial markets are evolving so rapidly, the relationships between exchange rates, interest rates, and inflation rates can serve as leading indicators of changes in risk. These relationships are as follows. Purchasing Power Parity theory (PPP): while it can be expressed differently, the most common expression links the changes in exchange rates to those in relative price indices in two countries:Rate of change of exchange rate = Difference in inflation ratesInternational Fisher Effect (IFE): this holds that an interest-rate differential will exist only if the exchange rate is expected to change in such a way that the advantage of the higher interest rate is offset by the loss on the foreign exchange transactions. Practically speaking, the IFE implies that while an investor in a low-interest country can convert funds into the currency of a high-interest country and earn a higher rate, the gain (the interest rate differential) will be offset by the expected loss due to foreign exchange rate changes. The relationship is stated as:Expected rate of change of the exchange rate = Interest-rate differentialUnbiased Forward Rate Theory: this holds that the forward exchange rate is the best unbiased estimate of the expected future spot exchange rate.Expected exchange rate = Forward exchange rate -
116 Case, Jerome Increase
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 1819 Williamstown, Oswego County, New York, USAd. 1891 USA[br]American manufacturer and founder of the Case company of agricultural engineers.[br]J.I.Case was the son of a former and began his working life operating the family's Groundhog threshing machine. He moved into contract threshing, and used the money he earned to pay his way through a business academy. He became the agent for the Groundhog thresher in his area and at the age of 23 decided to move west, taking six machines with him. He sold five of these to obtain working capital, and in 1842 moved from Williamstown, New York, to Rochester, Wisconsin, where he established his manufacturing company. He produced the first combined thresher-winnower in the US in 1843. Two years later he moved to Racine, on the shores of Lake Michigan in the same state. Within four years the Case company became Racine's biggest company and largest employer, a position it was to retain into the twentieth century. As early as 1860 Case was shipping threshing machines around the Horn to California.Apart from having practical expertise Case was also a skilled demonstrator, and it was this combination which resulted in the sure growth of his company. In 1869 he produced his first portable steam engine and in 1876 his first traction engine. By the mid 1870s he was selling a significant proportion of the machines in use in America. By 1878 Case threshing machines had penetrated the European market, and in 1885 sales to South America began. Case also became the world's largest manufacturer of steam engines.J.I.Case himself, whilst still actively involved with the company, also became involved in politics. He was Mayor of Racine for three terms and State Senator for two. He was also President of the Manufacturers' National Bank of Racine and Founder of the First National Bank of Burlington. He founded the Wisconsin Academy of Science, Arts and Letters and was President of the Racine County Agricultural Society. He had time for sport and was owner of the world's all-time champion trotter-pacer.Continued expansion of the company after J.I. Case's death led eventually to its acquisition by Tenneco in 1967, and in 1985 the company took over International Harvester. As Case I.H. it continues to produce a full range of agricultural, earth-moving and heavy-transport equipment.[br]Further ReadingDespite the size and importance of the company he created, very little has been written about Case. On particular anniversaries the company has produced celebratory publications, and surprisingly these still seem to be the main source of information about him.R.B.Gray, 1975, The Agricultural Tractor 1855–1950, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (traces the history of power on the farm, in which Case and his machines played such an important role).AP -
117 Cobham, Sir Alan John
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 6 May 1894 London, Englandd. 21 October 1973 British Virgin Islands[br]English pilot who pioneered worldwide air routes and developed an in-flight refuelling system which is in use today.[br]Alan Cobham was a man of many parts. He started as a veterinary assistant in France during the First World War, but transferred to the Royal Flying Corps in 1917. After the war he continued flying, by giving joy-rides and doing aerial photography work. In 1921 he joined the De Havilland Aircraft Company (see de Havilland, Geoffrey) as a test and charter pilot; he was also successful in a number of air races. During the 1920s Cobham made many notable flights to distant parts of the British Empire, pioneering possible routes for airline operations. During the early 1930s Sir Alan (he was knighted in 1926) devoted his attention to generating a public interest in aviation and to campaigning for more airfields. Cobham's Flying Circus toured the country giving flying displays and joy-rides, which for thousands of people was their first experience of flying.In 1933 Cobham planned a non-stop flight to India by refuelling his aircraft while flying: this was not a new idea but the process was still experimental. The flight was unsuccessful due to a fault in his aircraft, unrelated to the in-flight refuelling system. The following year Flight Refuelling Ltd was founded, and by 1939 two Short flying boats were operating the first inflight-refuelled service across the Atlantic. Inflight refuelling was not required during the early years of the Second World War, so Cobham turned to other projects such as thermal de-icing of wings, and a scheme which was not carried out, for delivering fighters to the Middle East by towing them behind Wellington bombers.After the Second World War the fortunes of Flight Refuelling Ltd were at a low ebb, especially when British South American Airways abandoned the idea of using in-flight refuelling. Then an American contract and the use of their tanker aircraft to ferry oil during the Berlin Airlift saved the day. In 1949 Cobham's chief designer, Peter Macgregor, came up with an idea for refuelling fighters using a probe and drogue system. A large tanker aircraft trailed a hose with a conical drogue at the free end. The fighter pilot manoeuvred the probe, fitted to his aircraft, so that it locked into the drogue, enabling fuel to be transferred. Since the 1950s this system has become the effective world standard.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1926. Air Force Cross 1926.Bibliography1978, A Time to Fly, ed. C.Derrick, London; pub. in paperback 1986 (Cobham's memoirs).Cobham produced films of some of his flights and published Skyways, 1925, London; MyFlight to the Cape and Back, 1926, London; Australia and Back, 1926, London;Twenty Thousand Miles in a Flying Boat, 1930, London.Further ReadingPeter G.Proctor, 1975, "The life and work of Sir Alan Cobham", Aerospace (RAeS) (March).JDS -
118 Howden, James
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 29 February 1832 Prestonpans, East Lothian, Scotlandd. 21 November 1913 Glasgow, Scotland[br]Scottish engineer and boilermaker, inventor of the forced-draught system for the boiler combustion chamber.[br]Howden was educated in Prestonpans. While aged only 14 or 15, he travelled across Scotland by canal to Glasgow, where he served an engineering apprenticeship with James Gray \& Co. In 1853 he completed his time and for some months served with the civil engineers Bell and Miller, and then with Robert Griffiths, a designer of screw propellers for ships. In 1854, at the age of 22, Howden set up as a consulting engineer and designer. He designed a rivet-making machine from which he realized a fair sum by the sale of patent rights, this assisting him in converting the design business into a manufacturing one. His first contract for a marine engine came in 1859 for the compound steam engine and the watertube boilers of the Anchor Liner Ailsa Craig. This ship operated at 100 psi (approximately 7 kg/cm2), well above the norm for those days. James Howden \& Co. was formed in 1862. Despite operating in the world's most competitive market, the new company remained prosperous through the flow of inventions in marine propulsion. Shipbuilding was added to the company's list of services, but such work was subcontracted. Work was obtained from all the great shipping companies building in the Glasgow region, and with such throughput Howden's could afford research and experimentation. This led to the Howden hot-air forced-draught system, whereby furnace waste gases were used to heat the air being drawn into the combustion chambers. The first installation was on the New York City, built in 1885 for West Indian service. Howden's fertile mind brought about a fully enclosed high-speed marine steam engine in the 1900s and, shortly after, the Howden-Zoelly impulse steam turbine for land operation. Until his death, Howden worked on many technical and business problems: he was involved in the St Helena Whaling Company, marble quarrying in Greece and in the design of a recoilless gun for the Admiralty.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHowden was the last surviving member of the group who founded the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland in 1857.BibliographyHowden contributed several papers to the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland.Further ReadingC.W.Munn, 1986, "James Howden", Dictionary of Scottish Business Biography, Vol. I, Aberdeen.FMW -
119 AOC
AOC, advanced optical countermeasures————————AOC, agreed operational characteristics————————AOC, Бр air officer commanding————————AOC, air operations center————————AOC, Бр airhead ordnance companyартиллерийско-техническая рота обеспечения войск на плацдарме десантирования————————AOC, Allied Operations Center————————AOC, area of concentration————————AOC, Army operations center————————AOC, Бр Army Ordnance Corps————————AOC, automatic output control————————AOC, average operating cost————————AOC, aviation officer candidate————————AOC, award of contractвыдача подряда; заключение контрактаEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > AOC
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120 COD
COD, carrier on-board delivery————————COD, carrier-on-deck (version)————————COD, Бр central ordnance depot————————COD, coherent optical device————————COD, communications operating directive————————COD, composite ordnance depot————————COD, contract operations data————————COD, current operations divisionEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > COD
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