-
21 VIN
* * *I)(gen. -jar), f. meadow.* * *f., gen. vinjar; [Ulf. winja = νομή, John x. 9; A. S. wine = a pasture; O. H. G. wini; see Grimm’s Gramm. ii. 55, 56]:—a meadow; nú görir hann sér hús ok hagi (perh. haga) ok vini (a house, a pasture, and a ‘vin’) þá skal biskup eigi taka hann ór setu sinni, N. G. L. i. 9: this ancient word also remains as appellative in vinjar-spann and vinjar-toddi, the technical name for an old Norse tax payable by every household, Ó. H. (see spann and toddi).II. freq. in Norse local names, Björg-vin, Sand-vin, Leik-vin, Horn-vin, Hellu-vin, Enda-vin, Skerf-vin, Töð-vin, Skað-vin, Dal-vin, Döl-vin, Vað-vin or Vöð-vin: usually altered into -yn, Björg-yn (-ynjar), Þópt-yn, Bambl-yn, Töð-yn: or -in, Leir-in, Ullar-in: or -ini, Vöð-ini, Döl-ini, Sköð-ini, Bónd-ini: lastly into -en, Berg-en: so also Skand-in qs. Skand-vin, cp. Scandinavia qs. Scand-in-avia. In Icel. these names are unknown,—shewing that as early as the time of settlement the word had fallen into disuse as an appellative, see Munch’s Norg. Beskr. (pref. xii, xiii). -
22 STRÆTI
n. street (ganga úti um stræti).* * *n. [from the Lat. strāta; A. S. stræt; Engl. street; O. H. G. straza; Germ. strasse; Dan. stræde]:— a street in a town (braut, q. v., is a road). The word is no doubt borrowed from the Latin, for as the old Northmen and Teutons had no towns, they had no streets; it is therefore strange to find such a word in an old poem like Hðm. 13, (the passage is prob. corrupt); so also, einn dag var þat er Kormakr gékk um stræti, Korm. 228, referring to the middle of the 10th century; but as the Saga is of the 12th, the words may perhaps here too be taken as an anachronism; Ólafr konungr gékk einn dag úti á stræti, Fs. 115, referring to Níðarós of the year 996; since in the 11th, and esp. in the 12th and 13th centuries, the word becomes freq. in Sagas referring to Norway, but never to Icel., Fms. vi. 363, vii. 39, Blas. 40. In the old Norse market-towns of the 11th, 12th, and following centuries, the ‘street’ ran along the shore (bryggjur), with ‘scores’ or cross lanes (veitur or almenningar) leading up to the houses (garðar), N. G. L. ii. 240, 243; strætis-búð, a street-booth, opp. to garðs-búð, iii. 112; strætis-görð, ii. 244; strætis-kaup, i. 324; strætis-lopt, -stofa, D. N. (Fr.)2. a kind of gangway on board of a ship, [cp. Fr. pont]; göra með bryggjum útan tvá vega slétt stræti, til ástigs hjá viðum, Sks. 400.II. Streiti or Stræti, a local name, Landn., Þórst. Síðu H., is no doubt a different word, perh. Gaelic. -
23 gammelnordisk
adj. Old Norse, Old Scandinavian -
24 oldnorsk
subst. Old Norwegian, Old Norse -
25 Hölgi
a, m. a pr. name, in the Hb. spelt Hœlgi; this is the old Norse form, whereas the old and mod. Icel. form is Helgi, and of a woman, Helga, u, f., Landn.; prob. contracted from Hálogi, cp. the Dan. Holger and Russian Olga: Hölgi was the name of a mythol. king, Edda 83, whence Hölga-brúðr, f. the bride of Hölgi, or Hölga-tröll, n. (Skálda 168, Fms. xi. 134), the giantess of H.: hölda-brúðr and hörga-brúðr are less correct forms, Nj. 131 (v. l.), Fb. i. 213; for the various readings in different MSS. see Jóms S. ch. 44, Nj. ch. 89: this is the name of two weird sisters worshipped by the earls of Hlaðir; the passage in Skálda l. c. refers to some lost myth concerning these sisters. -
26 REFLA
(að), v. to make enquiry.* * *að, [the word is obsolete in Icel., and only found here and there in old writers, esp. in the old Norse law: but the Swed. has a word räfsa of exactly the same sense, and as s and l are often hardly distinguishable in vellums, it is not impossible that refsa, and not refla, is the true form]:—to make enquiry, scrutinise; en er þeir kómu í hús hans, þá var at reflat í hljóði hverr þar myndi vera Guðs vinr, Pr. 443; eða missker hann krossa, eða reflar hann eigi, þá gjaldi …, N. G. L. i. 137; ef þingboð ferr eða hvatki boð, þá skal þingmaðr refla á fyrsta þingi ok hafa sótt fyrir þriðja þing, 138; þá sé nemdr váttr við, ok þess í millum sé reflat, at engi finnisk meinbugir á, ii. 368. -
27 SANNR
I)(sónn, satt), a.1) true (sónn saga); hón sagði þór satt frá Geirróði, she told Thor the truth about G.; nú skal ek segja þér it sanna, now I will tell thee the truth; hafa e-t fyrir satt, to be sure (convinced) of; hafa sannara, to be in the right (skal konungr um segja, hvárir sannara hafi); gøra e-t satt, to make good, prove (hvern veg gørir þú þat satt); s. sem dagr, true as day, clear as noonday (= dagsannr); sönnu sagðr, justly charged; með sönnu, at sönnu, in truth, truly; til sanns, certainly, for certain (vita e-t til sanns);2) meet, proper (væri þat sannara, at þú værir drepinn);3) s. at e-u, convicted of, (proved) guilty of (s. at sökinni).m.1) truth (vita sann á e-u); fœra e-m heim sanninn, to tell one the bitter truth;2) fairness; e-t er nær sanni, is fair or reasonable; ástir þeirra vóru at góðum sanni, they loved each other fittingly;3) estimation; bœtta e-t við góðra manna sann, according to the estimate of good men.* * *adj., fem. sönn, neut. satt for sannt, Dan. sandt; an older form saðr, as also saðrar, saðri, see introduction to letter N; cp. sannari, sannastr: with suffix satt-na, Bs. i. 469, v. l.: [Goth. sunis is assumed from Ulf. sunjeins = ἀληθής, sunja = ἀλήθεια; A. S. and Hel. sôð; Engl.sooth; O. H. G. sunnis; old Frank, sone; cp. Germ. ver-söhnen, all with a radical u sound, whereas Swed.-Dan. sann, sand; Lat. -sons, -sontis, is the same word; the old Norse law term, sannr at sök, or ú-sannr, eigi sannr at sök, exactly answers to the Lat. law term ‘in-sons’; thus Lat. injuriae insons is literally rendered in Icel. by ‘ú-sannr at sök.’]:—sooth, true; allit., vitni salt ok sært, D. N. ii. 140; sönn saga, Ld. 52; sönn sök, Hm. 119; sannar jarteinir, Eg. 476; segja satt, to say sooth, Vþm. 43, Ld. 194, Eb. 47 new Ed.; hafa e-t fyrir satt, to believe to be true, be convinced of, Nj. 10; eigi er þat satt, Fs. 97; þat er satt, ‘tis true, Bs. i. 469; hverir sannara hafa, Fas. i. 317, N. G. L. i. 40; hann kveðsk sagt hafa sem hann vissi sannast, Ld. 194; it sannasta, Vþm. 42; mála sannast, Ísl. ii. 125:—at sönnu. forsooth, Sks. 491 B, MS. 655 xiii. A. 2, 633. 31: in mod. used as Germ. zwar (‘tis true enough …, but); með sönnu, Ld. 76; til sanns. forsooth, Fms. vi. 41, 128, Gþl. 315, Eg. 458, 568; vera, verða sannr at e-n, to be convicted of, be guilty of; þeir báru Gunnar sannan at sökinni, Nj. 87, Eb. 22 new Ed.; þeir er sannir urðu at á verkum við Sigurð konung, Fms. vii. 248; er áðr hefir kuðr ok saðr orðinn at þjófskap, Grág. ii. 189, Fs. 97, 159; er hann sönnu sagðr, is he justly charged? Bret. 12; þá þykkir þú bleyði borinn eða sönnu sagðr, Sdm. 25.2. sincere; með sönnu hugskoti, Mar.: due, meet, væri þat sannara at þú værir drepinn, Gísl. 50. -
28 acus
1.ăcus, ūs, f. [cf. 2. acer].I.A needle or pin, as being pointed, both for common use and ornament:“quasarcinatrix veletiam ornatrix utitur,” Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.A.Lit.:B.mirabar vulnus, quod acu punctum videtur,
Cic. Mil. 24.—Hence, acu pingere, to embroider, Verg. A. 9, 582; Ov. M. 6, 23; cf. Plin. 8, 48, § 191; Isid. Orig. 19, 22, 22.—Esp. a hair-pin:figat acus tortas sustineatque comas,
Mart. 14, 24:foramen acūs,
the eye of a needle, Vulg. Matt. 19, 24.—Also, a surgeon's needle, a probe, Cels. 7, 17.—Hence,Trop.: acu rem tangere, to touch the thing with a needle; in Engl. phrase, to hit the nail on the head, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 19; so,II.to denote careful and successful effort: si acum quaereres, acum invenisses,
id. Men. 2, 1, 13.—The tongue of a buckle, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14.—III.I. q. acus, ĕris, Col. 2, 10, 40.—IV.An implement of husbandry, Pall. 1, 43, 2.2.ăcus, ĕris, n. (also, ūs, f., v. 1. acus, III.) [kindred with acus, ūs, Goth. ahana, old Norse agn, old Germ. Agana ], = achuron, the husk of grain and of pulse; chaff, Cato, R. R. 54, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 52; 57; 3, 9, 8.3.ăcus, i, m. [1. acus], a kind of sea-fish with a pointed snout, the hornpike or gar-pike (Gr. belonê):acus sive belone unus piscium, etc.,
Plin. 9, 51, 76, § 166:et satius tenues ducere credis acos,
Mart. 10, 37, 6; cf. Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 145, where belonae again occurs. (Some read una for unus in the passage from Plin., and acūs for acos in Mart., as if these forms belonged to 1. acus.) -
29 avos
ăvus (AVS, Inscr. Fabr. 389, also ăvŏs), i, m. [kindr. with Goth. avo, grandmother; old Norse, afi, grandfather; cf. Heb., āb, father; Chald., abba; and Engl. abbot], a grandfather, grandsire.I.Lit.:II.pater, avus, proavus, abavus, atavus, tritavus,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 5; so Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 48; Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 7; Hor. S. 1, 6, 131; Vulg. Exod. 10, 6; cf. Dig. 38, 10, 1; 38, 10, 10; Isid. Orig. 9, 5, 9; 9, 6, 23.—Also transf. to animals (cf. 1. avitus, II.), Verg. G. 4, 209.—In gen.A.Ancestor, forefather, Hor. S. 1, 6, 3; Ov. F. 2, 30; id. H. 16 (15), 174; id. M. 9, 491; 15, 425; id. P. 4, 8, 18; Vulg. Gen. 28, 4 al.—B.An old man, Albin. 2, 4. -
30 avus
ăvus (AVS, Inscr. Fabr. 389, also ăvŏs), i, m. [kindr. with Goth. avo, grandmother; old Norse, afi, grandfather; cf. Heb., āb, father; Chald., abba; and Engl. abbot], a grandfather, grandsire.I.Lit.:II.pater, avus, proavus, abavus, atavus, tritavus,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 5; so Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 48; Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 7; Hor. S. 1, 6, 131; Vulg. Exod. 10, 6; cf. Dig. 38, 10, 1; 38, 10, 10; Isid. Orig. 9, 5, 9; 9, 6, 23.—Also transf. to animals (cf. 1. avitus, II.), Verg. G. 4, 209.—In gen.A.Ancestor, forefather, Hor. S. 1, 6, 3; Ov. F. 2, 30; id. H. 16 (15), 174; id. M. 9, 491; 15, 425; id. P. 4, 8, 18; Vulg. Gen. 28, 4 al.—B.An old man, Albin. 2, 4. -
31 древнескандинавский язык
General subject: Old NorseУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > древнескандинавский язык
-
32 oldnordisk
(et & adj) Old Norse;(fig) antediluvian ( fx ideas, methods); ancient ( fx hat). -
33 oldnordisk
adj. Old Norse -
34 ås
-
35 PLÓGR
(-s, -ar), m. plough.* * *m. [Engl. plough; O. H. G. pfluoc; Germ. pflug; Dan. plov; Swed. plog; a borrowed word, for arðr (q. v.) is the genuine old Norse word; the word was also unknown to the Goth. as well as to the A. S., for Ulf. calls the plough hoha, and sulh is the A. S. term; the Engl. plough was borrowed later, see s. v. arðr, and Grimm’s Gramm. iii. 414]:—a plough; plógr first occurs in the poem Rm.—karta at görva, keyra plóg, 19; skilling silfrs af plógi hverjum, Eg. 278; bera þeir þá út plóga sína, Sks. 336; ef maðr höggr eyk fyrir plógi eðr arðri, N. G. L. ii. 115; hón setti þá fyrir plóg en plógrinn gékk svá hart ok djúpt, Edda (begin.); rekum eigi plug af akri, Orkn. (in a verse); eiga auðan plóg, to have an idle plough, Fms. vi. (in a verse); fjándans plógr, Gd. 33.2. metaph. gain, produce, especial emoluments of an estate, either in down, jetsum, fowl, or the like; það er mesta plógs-jörð; virð lítils veraldar plóg, this world’s gain, Pass. 16. 10.II. a Dan. pr. name, Plógr, Fms. xi. (Knytl. S.), whence mod. Dan. Ploug. plógs-land, n. an acre of land; gjalda mörk af hverju plógslandi, Orkn. 286: hann gaf henni eitt plógsland, Edda (begin.), (Yngl. S. ch. 5.) -
36 varg-úlfr
m. a ‘worrying-wolf,’ were-wolf; bisclaret í Bretzku máli en Nordmandingar -kallaðu hann vargúlf, Str. 30; v. var eitt kvikindi meðan hann býr í vargsham, id. This word, which occurs nowhere but in the above passage, is perhaps only coined by the translator from the French loup-garou qs. gar-ulf; ver-úlfr would have been the right word, but that word is unknown to the Icel. or old Norse, the superstition being expressed by eigi ein-hamr, ham-farir, hamast (qq. v.), or the like. -
37 ÞENKJA
t; for the origin of this word see þekkja, which is the true old Norse form; [þenkja is a mod. word from Germ. denken, whence Dan. tænke]:—to think; this word first appears at or shortly before the Reformation; hann kvað sér þenkjast, Skáld H. 7. 5; in the Osvalds S., since in the Bible, in hymns, Pass., Vídal.; skal eg þá þurfa að þenkja, hann þyrmi einum mér, Hallgr.: in Sturl. i. 83 (the Editions) and in Lv. 48 this word is due to a mod. interpolation. -
38 ørtog
f. an old Norse weight, = a third part of an ounce (eyrir). -
39 norreno
-
40 язык
I муж.1) tongue прям. и перен.воспаление языка — мед. glossitis
обложенный язык — мед. coated/ furred tongue
показать язык — (кому-л.) (врачу и т.п.) to show one's tongue (to a doctor, etc.); ( дразнить) to stick one's tongue out, to put out one's tongue (at smb.)
3) clapper, tongue of a bell ( колокола)••держать язык за зубами — to hold one's tongue, to keep one's mouth shut
не сходит с языка, быть у кого-л. на языке — to be always on smb.'s lips
попадать на язык кому-л. — to fall victim to smb.'s tongue
тянуть/дергать кого-л. за язык — to make smb. say smth.; to make smb. talk
у него бойкий язык, он боек на язык — to have a quick/ready tongue, to be quick-tongued
у него длинный язык — he has a long/loose tongue разг.
у него хорошо язык подвешен — he has a ready/glib tongue разг.
у него, что на уме, то и на языке — he wears his heart on his sleeve, he cannot keep his thoughts to himself разг.
- высунув языкязык до Киева доведет — you can get anywhere if you know how to use your tongue; a clever tongue will take you anywhere
- злой язык
- злые языки
- лишиться языка
- острый язык
- придержать язык
- прикусить язык
- развязать язык
- распустить язык
- сорвалось с языка
- точить язык
- трепать языком
- чесать язык
- чесать языком
- язык проглотишь II муж.1) language, tongue ( речь)владеть каким-л. языком — to know a language
владеть каким-л. языком в совершенстве — to have a perfect command of a language
говорить русским языком — to say in plain Russian, in plain language
языки общего происхождения — cognate мн. ч.; лингв.
афганский язык — Pushtoo, Pushtu, Afghan
корнийский язык — истор. Cornish
корнуоллский язык — истор. Cornish
сингалезский язык — Cingalese, Sinhalese
сингальский язык — Sinhalese, Cingalese
венгерский язык — Hungarian, Magyar
верхненемецкий язык — High German, High Dutch
говорить языком — (кого-л./чего-л.) to use the language (of)
греческий язык — Greek, Hellenic
классические языки — classic мн. ч., humanity
латинский язык — Latin, Roman редк.
немецкий язык — Dutch истор., German
нижненемецкий язык — Low German, Low Dutch
общегерманский язык — лингв. Germanic
персидский язык — Iranian, Persian
разговорный язык — colloquial/familiar speech; spoken language
родной язык — mother tongue; native language
суконный язык — dull/vapid/insipid language
язык программирования — computer language, machine language, programming language
язык пушту — Pushtoo, Pushtu
язык саами — Lapp, Lappish
2) воен.; разг. ( пленный)prisoner for interrogation; identification prisoner; prisoner who will talk ()III муж.; устар.people, nation ( народ)
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