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1 olьxa
olьxa; elьxa Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `alder'Page in Trubačev: VI 23-25; XXXII 81-82Russian:ol'xá `alder' [f ā];ëlxa (dial.), elxá (dial.) `alder, spruce' [f ā] \{1\}Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:Bulgarian:elxá `alder, spruce' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: a/elisaH;; a/el(i)snio-Lithuanian:al̃ksnis, el̃ksnis `alder' [m io] 2;alìksnis (E. dial.) `alder' [m io] 2;álksna, élksna (dial.) `alder thicket, place where alders grow, marsh, dale' [f ā] 1Latvian:àlksnis, èlksnis (dial.) `alder' [m io];àlksna, ęlksna (E. dial.) `alder thicket, swampy place' \{2\}Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eliseh₂IE meaning: alderCertainty: -Page in Pokorny: 302-303Comments: As Schrijver observes (1991: 40), this etymon presents two problems. The first problem is the anlaut. The Slavic forms with je- cannot be explained away by assuming analogy after the word for `spruce': je- also occurs in West Slavic, where `spruce' is jedl-, not jel- (pace Kortlandt apud Schrijver: o.c. 41). The a-: e- variation in Germanic suggests that the variation in Baltic and Slavic does not result from "Rozwadowski's change" alone (cf. Andersen 1996: 130). The second problem is the alternation between i and zero in the second syllable. It is true that the *i and *u (cf. the Latvian toponym Aluksne?) of the Germanic forms may continue the regular ablaut of an s-stem (Schrijver: l.c.), but the fact that we find *i of in Slavic and East Lithuanian as well indicates that it should be taken at face value. The above-mentioned peculiarities of the etymon strongly suggest that we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European origin. The fact that there are North Slavic forms with s alongside the expected x must be connected with the Baltic presence in the area (cf. Anikin 2005: 85-86).Other cognates:OIc. ǫlr `alder', jǫlstr `alder' [f] \{3\}Notes:\{1\} In Russian dialects there are apparently also forms with a vocalized medial jer, e.g. elóxa (Kostr.), alëx (Voron.), olëx (Rjaz.) `alder' (cf. Popowska-Taborska 1984: 39). \{2\} The form with e- is actually reflected as àlksna (Bersohn, E. Latvia) (M-E: s.v.). \{3\} From * aluz- and * elustrō (< * elastrō?), respectively. -
2 elьxa
olьxa; elьxa Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `alder'Page in Trubačev: VI 23-25; XXXII 81-82Russian:ol'xá `alder' [f ā];ëlxa (dial.), elxá (dial.) `alder, spruce' [f ā] \{1\}Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:Bulgarian:elxá `alder, spruce' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: a/elisaH;; a/el(i)snio-Lithuanian:al̃ksnis, el̃ksnis `alder' [m io] 2;alìksnis (E. dial.) `alder' [m io] 2;álksna, élksna (dial.) `alder thicket, place where alders grow, marsh, dale' [f ā] 1Latvian:àlksnis, èlksnis (dial.) `alder' [m io];àlksna, ęlksna (E. dial.) `alder thicket, swampy place' \{2\}Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eliseh₂IE meaning: alderCertainty: -Page in Pokorny: 302-303Comments: As Schrijver observes (1991: 40), this etymon presents two problems. The first problem is the anlaut. The Slavic forms with je- cannot be explained away by assuming analogy after the word for `spruce': je- also occurs in West Slavic, where `spruce' is jedl-, not jel- (pace Kortlandt apud Schrijver: o.c. 41). The a-: e- variation in Germanic suggests that the variation in Baltic and Slavic does not result from "Rozwadowski's change" alone (cf. Andersen 1996: 130). The second problem is the alternation between i and zero in the second syllable. It is true that the *i and *u (cf. the Latvian toponym Aluksne?) of the Germanic forms may continue the regular ablaut of an s-stem (Schrijver: l.c.), but the fact that we find *i of in Slavic and East Lithuanian as well indicates that it should be taken at face value. The above-mentioned peculiarities of the etymon strongly suggest that we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European origin. The fact that there are North Slavic forms with s alongside the expected x must be connected with the Baltic presence in the area (cf. Anikin 2005: 85-86).Other cognates:OIc. ǫlr `alder', jǫlstr `alder' [f] \{3\}Notes:\{1\} In Russian dialects there are apparently also forms with a vocalized medial jer, e.g. elóxa (Kostr.), alëx (Voron.), olëx (Rjaz.) `alder' (cf. Popowska-Taborska 1984: 39). \{2\} The form with e- is actually reflected as àlksna (Bersohn, E. Latvia) (M-E: s.v.). \{3\} From * aluz- and * elustrō (< * elastrō?), respectively.
См. также в других словарях:
olcha — I {{/stl 13}}{{stl 8}}rz. ż Ia, CMc. olsze {{/stl 8}}{{stl 7}} drzewo liściaste, rosnące na terenach podmokłych, którego drewno ma barwę pomarańczowoczerwoną z brunatnymi cętkami i jest stosowane m.in. do wyrobu sklejki, ołówków itp. {{/stl… … Langenscheidt Polski wyjaśnień
olcha — ˈōlchə noun (plural olcha or olchas) Usage: usually capitalized 1. : a Tungusic people living near the mouth of the Amur river in Asia compare tungus 2. : a member of the Olcha people … Useful english dictionary
olcha — ż III, CMs. olsze; lm D. olch «Alnus, drzewo lub krzew z rodziny brzozowatych, o liściach przeważnie jajowatych, ząbkowanych, kwiatach wiatropylnych: męskich w kotkach, żeńskich szyszkokształtnych; występuje w licznych gatunkach; w Polsce są… … Słownik języka polskiego
olcha kosa — žaliasis alksnis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Beržinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Alnus viridis), paplitęs pietų Europoje ir Azijoje. atitikmenys: lot. Alnus viridis angl. green alder vok. Alpen Erle; Berg Erle; Bergerle; Grün Erle rus.… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
olcha czarna — juodalksnis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Beržinių šeimos dekoratyvinis, medieninis, vaistinis augalas (Alnus glutinosa), paplitęs šiaurės Afrikoje, Europoje ir vakarų Azijoje. atitikmenys: lot. Alnus glutinosa angl. black alder; common… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
olcha — ol·cha … English syllables
olsza olcha — žaliasis alksnis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Beržinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Alnus viridis), paplitęs pietų Europoje ir Azijoje. atitikmenys: lot. Alnus viridis angl. green alder vok. Alpen Erle; Berg Erle; Bergerle; Grün Erle rus.… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
Oleśnica — For other places with the same name, see Oleśnica (disambiguation). Oleśnica Wrocław gate … Wikipedia
Alnus viridis — žaliasis alksnis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Beržinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Alnus viridis), paplitęs pietų Europoje ir Azijoje. atitikmenys: lot. Alnus viridis angl. green alder vok. Alpen Erle; Berg Erle; Bergerle; Grün Erle rus.… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
Alpen-Erle — žaliasis alksnis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Beržinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Alnus viridis), paplitęs pietų Europoje ir Azijoje. atitikmenys: lot. Alnus viridis angl. green alder vok. Alpen Erle; Berg Erle; Bergerle; Grün Erle rus.… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
Berg-Erle — žaliasis alksnis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Beržinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Alnus viridis), paplitęs pietų Europoje ir Azijoje. atitikmenys: lot. Alnus viridis angl. green alder vok. Alpen Erle; Berg Erle; Bergerle; Grün Erle rus.… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)