-
1 סנהדרין גדולה
the Supreme Sanhedrin (in the period of the 2nd Temple) -
2 תקופת ההתמחות
the period of articles -
3 סתר II
סָתַרII (= סחתד, Saf. of תתר; cmp. Arab. šatar) ( to dig under, 1) to upset, tear down. Meg.31b אם אמרו לך זקנים סְתוֹרוכ׳ if the old tell thee, tear down, and the young, build, tear down and build not, v. סְתִירָה II; Ned.40a. Sabb.VII, 2 הבונה והסוֹתֵר he who builds (on the Sabbath) or who tears down. Yoma 10a שיפלו בונין ביד סוֹתְרִין that the builders (of the Temple, the Persians) should fall through the hands of the destroyers (the Romans), v. סָתוֹרָא. Ab. dR. N. ch. VI סְתָרוֹ ועקרווכ׳ he dug under it (the rock) and broke it loose Koh. R. to VII, 26 כותל קשה … וסוֹתְרוֹ a wall is strong, but man has more power and tears it down; a. fr. 2) ( to stir up, to loosen, unravel. Sot.I, 5 סותר את שערה the priest loosens her hair (Num. 5:18 ופרע); אם … לא היה סוֹתְרוֹ if her hair was beautiful, he did not loosen it. Treat. Smaḥ. ch. VIII סוֹתְרִים שערותוכ׳ you may untie the hair of dead brides; a. e. 3) to dissolve, decompose. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥǎnina 1) (ref. to Prov. 25:20) כזה … וסוֹתְרוֹ כך היו סוֹתְרִיםוכ׳ as one pours vinegar on natron and decomposes it, so they decomposed (counteracted) the words of the Law; v. infra. 4) to undo, reverse, invalidate. Snh.III, 8 כל זמן … סותר את הדין whenever he offers new evidence, he reverses the decision, i. e. the court has to try his case again; לאחר שלשים יום אינו שותר after thirty days, the judgment cannot be disturbed.Esp. to make void the days of a Nazarites vow which have been observed, to begin anew. Naz.II, 10 סותר שבעים he must count seventy days again. Ib. III, 3 ס׳ את הכל he must count over the whole period (of days); אינו ס׳ אלא שבעה he has to count only seven days over. Tosef. ib. II, 13 יש לו לִסְתּוֹר סותרוכ׳ if there is a portion of the period left to undo, i. e., if the period of his vow has not yet expired, he must count thirty days again; כל … ואין לו לסתור סותרוכ׳ whenever he becomes unclean on a day on which it is improper to offer a sacrifice, and he has nothing left to undo, i. e. his term has expired, and he lacks only a sacrifice to be released: he must count seven days; a. fr.5 (logics) to contradict, disprove. Succ.26b, a. fr. מעשה לסתור, v. מַעֲשֶׂה. Sabb.13b שאלמלא … שהיו דבריו סוֹתְרִיןוכ׳ but for him, the Book of Ezekiel would have been expunged from the canon, because its words seemed to contradict the words of the Law. Ib. 30a לא דייך שדבריך סותריןוכ׳ not only do thy words contradict those of David, but they contradict one another; a. fr.Num. R. s. 13 לא אחד מהן סותר על חבירו neither of them conflicts with the other.(Yalk. Ex. 356 שלא יסתרו, v. סָרַס I Hithpa.) Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּר to be disarranged, be undone. Y.Kil.IX, end, 32d; Y.Sabb.XIII, beg.14a מִיסְתַּתֵּר הוא the web will go apart again, opp. מתקיים. -
4 סָתַר
סָתַרII (= סחתד, Saf. of תתר; cmp. Arab. šatar) ( to dig under, 1) to upset, tear down. Meg.31b אם אמרו לך זקנים סְתוֹרוכ׳ if the old tell thee, tear down, and the young, build, tear down and build not, v. סְתִירָה II; Ned.40a. Sabb.VII, 2 הבונה והסוֹתֵר he who builds (on the Sabbath) or who tears down. Yoma 10a שיפלו בונין ביד סוֹתְרִין that the builders (of the Temple, the Persians) should fall through the hands of the destroyers (the Romans), v. סָתוֹרָא. Ab. dR. N. ch. VI סְתָרוֹ ועקרווכ׳ he dug under it (the rock) and broke it loose Koh. R. to VII, 26 כותל קשה … וסוֹתְרוֹ a wall is strong, but man has more power and tears it down; a. fr. 2) ( to stir up, to loosen, unravel. Sot.I, 5 סותר את שערה the priest loosens her hair (Num. 5:18 ופרע); אם … לא היה סוֹתְרוֹ if her hair was beautiful, he did not loosen it. Treat. Smaḥ. ch. VIII סוֹתְרִים שערותוכ׳ you may untie the hair of dead brides; a. e. 3) to dissolve, decompose. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥǎnina 1) (ref. to Prov. 25:20) כזה … וסוֹתְרוֹ כך היו סוֹתְרִיםוכ׳ as one pours vinegar on natron and decomposes it, so they decomposed (counteracted) the words of the Law; v. infra. 4) to undo, reverse, invalidate. Snh.III, 8 כל זמן … סותר את הדין whenever he offers new evidence, he reverses the decision, i. e. the court has to try his case again; לאחר שלשים יום אינו שותר after thirty days, the judgment cannot be disturbed.Esp. to make void the days of a Nazarites vow which have been observed, to begin anew. Naz.II, 10 סותר שבעים he must count seventy days again. Ib. III, 3 ס׳ את הכל he must count over the whole period (of days); אינו ס׳ אלא שבעה he has to count only seven days over. Tosef. ib. II, 13 יש לו לִסְתּוֹר סותרוכ׳ if there is a portion of the period left to undo, i. e., if the period of his vow has not yet expired, he must count thirty days again; כל … ואין לו לסתור סותרוכ׳ whenever he becomes unclean on a day on which it is improper to offer a sacrifice, and he has nothing left to undo, i. e. his term has expired, and he lacks only a sacrifice to be released: he must count seven days; a. fr.5 (logics) to contradict, disprove. Succ.26b, a. fr. מעשה לסתור, v. מַעֲשֶׂה. Sabb.13b שאלמלא … שהיו דבריו סוֹתְרִיןוכ׳ but for him, the Book of Ezekiel would have been expunged from the canon, because its words seemed to contradict the words of the Law. Ib. 30a לא דייך שדבריך סותריןוכ׳ not only do thy words contradict those of David, but they contradict one another; a. fr.Num. R. s. 13 לא אחד מהן סותר על חבירו neither of them conflicts with the other.(Yalk. Ex. 356 שלא יסתרו, v. סָרַס I Hithpa.) Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּר to be disarranged, be undone. Y.Kil.IX, end, 32d; Y.Sabb.XIII, beg.14a מִיסְתַּתֵּר הוא the web will go apart again, opp. מתקיים. -
5 חזקה
חֲזָקָהf. (חָזַק) 1) taking hold. Y.M. Kat. III, 83c top (ref. to 2 Sam. 1:11) אין ח׳וכ׳ taking hold (of a garment to rend it in mourning) means no less than a hand-breadth of it. 2) (law) taking posssession, posession, usucaption; claim based on undisturbed possession during a legally fixed period. B. Bath.III, 1 חֶזְקַת הבתיכוכ׳ the legal period of undisturbed possession (in order to give a title) is for houses … three years. Ib. 29b (in Chald. diction) אכלית שני ח׳ I had the undisturbed usufruct for the period prescribed by law. Ib. 36a עבדים יש להם ח׳ does the law of possession apply to slaves?Ib. אין להם ח׳ לאלתרוכ׳ present possession gives no title (as is the case with inanimate movable chattel), but a possession of three years does. Ib. III, 2 שלש ארצות לח׳ there are in Palestine three districts with different usages of possession. Ib. 3 כל ח׳ שאיןוכ׳ possession without a plea (of purchase or any other mode of legal acquisition) gives no title; a. v. fr. 3) presumption, presumptive continuance of an actual condition until evidence of a change is produced; legal status. Ḥull.9a בהמה בחייה בחֶזְקַת איסורוכ׳ the animal when alive, has the status of a forbidden object (v. אֵבֶר), until you ascertain by what means it has been ritually slaughtered; when it is slaughtered הרי היא בח׳ היתרוכ׳ it has the status of a permitted object, until you find out how it became forbidden. Gitt.III, 3 בחזקת שהוא קיים under the presumption that her husband (though sick or old when the messenger was deputed) is alive. Keth.75b ח׳ דגופא a presumption as regards physical condition, ח׳ דממונא the fact of possession against which the claimant has to produce satisfactory evidence. Ib. ח׳ אין אדם שותהוכ׳ the presumption is that no man drinks out of a cup without examining (that none will marry without having ascertained the womans physical condition). Yeb.31b top חזקת בר שטיא the legal status of an insane persons property; a. v. fr.Pl. חֲזָקוֹת. Kidd.80a סוקלין … מלקין על הח׳ we execute punishment on the basis of actual facts (though not provable by legal evidence, e. g. man and wife and children living together and treating each other as such, are legally considered as being one family), v. חָזַק Hof.Y.Ḥall.IV, 60a bot. לח׳ with reference to the local usages of usucaption (Gitt.III, 2, v. supra); a. e. -
6 חֲזָקָה
חֲזָקָהf. (חָזַק) 1) taking hold. Y.M. Kat. III, 83c top (ref. to 2 Sam. 1:11) אין ח׳וכ׳ taking hold (of a garment to rend it in mourning) means no less than a hand-breadth of it. 2) (law) taking posssession, posession, usucaption; claim based on undisturbed possession during a legally fixed period. B. Bath.III, 1 חֶזְקַת הבתיכוכ׳ the legal period of undisturbed possession (in order to give a title) is for houses … three years. Ib. 29b (in Chald. diction) אכלית שני ח׳ I had the undisturbed usufruct for the period prescribed by law. Ib. 36a עבדים יש להם ח׳ does the law of possession apply to slaves?Ib. אין להם ח׳ לאלתרוכ׳ present possession gives no title (as is the case with inanimate movable chattel), but a possession of three years does. Ib. III, 2 שלש ארצות לח׳ there are in Palestine three districts with different usages of possession. Ib. 3 כל ח׳ שאיןוכ׳ possession without a plea (of purchase or any other mode of legal acquisition) gives no title; a. v. fr. 3) presumption, presumptive continuance of an actual condition until evidence of a change is produced; legal status. Ḥull.9a בהמה בחייה בחֶזְקַת איסורוכ׳ the animal when alive, has the status of a forbidden object (v. אֵבֶר), until you ascertain by what means it has been ritually slaughtered; when it is slaughtered הרי היא בח׳ היתרוכ׳ it has the status of a permitted object, until you find out how it became forbidden. Gitt.III, 3 בחזקת שהוא קיים under the presumption that her husband (though sick or old when the messenger was deputed) is alive. Keth.75b ח׳ דגופא a presumption as regards physical condition, ח׳ דממונא the fact of possession against which the claimant has to produce satisfactory evidence. Ib. ח׳ אין אדם שותהוכ׳ the presumption is that no man drinks out of a cup without examining (that none will marry without having ascertained the womans physical condition). Yeb.31b top חזקת בר שטיא the legal status of an insane persons property; a. v. fr.Pl. חֲזָקוֹת. Kidd.80a סוקלין … מלקין על הח׳ we execute punishment on the basis of actual facts (though not provable by legal evidence, e. g. man and wife and children living together and treating each other as such, are legally considered as being one family), v. חָזַק Hof.Y.Ḥall.IV, 60a bot. לח׳ with reference to the local usages of usucaption (Gitt.III, 2, v. supra); a. e. -
7 דר
דָּר, דָּרָאI ch. 1) same, row, range, order. Keth.60a בד׳ דנשי in a row of women. B. Kam. 117a Stop בד׳ קמא in the first row of scholars. Ḥull.11a top ד׳ דגברי a row of men. Ib. 47a בד׳ דאוני within the ranges of the lobes of the lungs. Ib. 53a בד׳ דסיחופיה in the order in which the claws of the lions paw appear when he assaults an animal. Snh.97b ד׳ קמא דקמיוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ד׳ דקמי; Ms. K. a. Ar. דָּרֵי, pl.) the first row (of righteous men) before the Lord; Succ.45b (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9).Kidd.36b ר״י דדריה R. J. his class-mate; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרֵי. Meg.12a (expl. דַּר, Esth. 1:6) ד׳ ד׳ ranges of mosaics. Nidd.20a תלתא ד׳וכ׳ there are three ranges of leaves, and three leaves in each. Ber.28a ד׳ חיוורתא rows of white hair. Ib. 62b (phonetic etymol. of קפנדריא) אדמקיפנא אַדָּ׳וכ׳ in place of going around the rows of houses Ab. Zar.28a ומייתי דמא מבי דרי ed. (Ms. M. מבי ככי); Yoma 84a ואתי דמא מבי ד׳ (Ms. M. ומייתי ליה דמא מבי ככי ושיני) and he makes blood come (and blood will come) out from between the rows of teeth. (Ib. בככי דריה, v. דְּרָרָא. Taan.3b; B. Mets.73a; B. Kam. 113b בי ד׳, v. דָּרֵי. 2) a range of wood, pyre. Cant. R. to III, 4 ד׳ יקידא יקדת a burning pyre hast thou set on fire, v. יְקַד.Pl. as above. Targ. Ps. 82:1–5 Ms. (ed. זרזי). 3) (v. דּוֹר) period, generation. Targ. Deut. 33:7. Targ. Job. 6:17; a. fr.Ḥag.5a עד דמלי להו לד׳ until they have completed the period (lived the years allotted to them). Snh.97b בכל ד׳ וד׳ (Ms. M.) in each generation; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרַיָּא, דָּרֵי. Targ. Is. 61:8 sqTarg. Ps. 49:12 (Ms. דָּרָתָא); a. fr.Ḥull.93b; Yeb.39b אכשור ד׳ have the generations (the present) grown better? -
8 דרא I
דָּר, דָּרָאI ch. 1) same, row, range, order. Keth.60a בד׳ דנשי in a row of women. B. Kam. 117a Stop בד׳ קמא in the first row of scholars. Ḥull.11a top ד׳ דגברי a row of men. Ib. 47a בד׳ דאוני within the ranges of the lobes of the lungs. Ib. 53a בד׳ דסיחופיה in the order in which the claws of the lions paw appear when he assaults an animal. Snh.97b ד׳ קמא דקמיוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ד׳ דקמי; Ms. K. a. Ar. דָּרֵי, pl.) the first row (of righteous men) before the Lord; Succ.45b (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9).Kidd.36b ר״י דדריה R. J. his class-mate; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרֵי. Meg.12a (expl. דַּר, Esth. 1:6) ד׳ ד׳ ranges of mosaics. Nidd.20a תלתא ד׳וכ׳ there are three ranges of leaves, and three leaves in each. Ber.28a ד׳ חיוורתא rows of white hair. Ib. 62b (phonetic etymol. of קפנדריא) אדמקיפנא אַדָּ׳וכ׳ in place of going around the rows of houses Ab. Zar.28a ומייתי דמא מבי דרי ed. (Ms. M. מבי ככי); Yoma 84a ואתי דמא מבי ד׳ (Ms. M. ומייתי ליה דמא מבי ככי ושיני) and he makes blood come (and blood will come) out from between the rows of teeth. (Ib. בככי דריה, v. דְּרָרָא. Taan.3b; B. Mets.73a; B. Kam. 113b בי ד׳, v. דָּרֵי. 2) a range of wood, pyre. Cant. R. to III, 4 ד׳ יקידא יקדת a burning pyre hast thou set on fire, v. יְקַד.Pl. as above. Targ. Ps. 82:1–5 Ms. (ed. זרזי). 3) (v. דּוֹר) period, generation. Targ. Deut. 33:7. Targ. Job. 6:17; a. fr.Ḥag.5a עד דמלי להו לד׳ until they have completed the period (lived the years allotted to them). Snh.97b בכל ד׳ וד׳ (Ms. M.) in each generation; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרַיָּא, דָּרֵי. Targ. Is. 61:8 sqTarg. Ps. 49:12 (Ms. דָּרָתָא); a. fr.Ḥull.93b; Yeb.39b אכשור ד׳ have the generations (the present) grown better? -
9 דָּר
דָּר, דָּרָאI ch. 1) same, row, range, order. Keth.60a בד׳ דנשי in a row of women. B. Kam. 117a Stop בד׳ קמא in the first row of scholars. Ḥull.11a top ד׳ דגברי a row of men. Ib. 47a בד׳ דאוני within the ranges of the lobes of the lungs. Ib. 53a בד׳ דסיחופיה in the order in which the claws of the lions paw appear when he assaults an animal. Snh.97b ד׳ קמא דקמיוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ד׳ דקמי; Ms. K. a. Ar. דָּרֵי, pl.) the first row (of righteous men) before the Lord; Succ.45b (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9).Kidd.36b ר״י דדריה R. J. his class-mate; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרֵי. Meg.12a (expl. דַּר, Esth. 1:6) ד׳ ד׳ ranges of mosaics. Nidd.20a תלתא ד׳וכ׳ there are three ranges of leaves, and three leaves in each. Ber.28a ד׳ חיוורתא rows of white hair. Ib. 62b (phonetic etymol. of קפנדריא) אדמקיפנא אַדָּ׳וכ׳ in place of going around the rows of houses Ab. Zar.28a ומייתי דמא מבי דרי ed. (Ms. M. מבי ככי); Yoma 84a ואתי דמא מבי ד׳ (Ms. M. ומייתי ליה דמא מבי ככי ושיני) and he makes blood come (and blood will come) out from between the rows of teeth. (Ib. בככי דריה, v. דְּרָרָא. Taan.3b; B. Mets.73a; B. Kam. 113b בי ד׳, v. דָּרֵי. 2) a range of wood, pyre. Cant. R. to III, 4 ד׳ יקידא יקדת a burning pyre hast thou set on fire, v. יְקַד.Pl. as above. Targ. Ps. 82:1–5 Ms. (ed. זרזי). 3) (v. דּוֹר) period, generation. Targ. Deut. 33:7. Targ. Job. 6:17; a. fr.Ḥag.5a עד דמלי להו לד׳ until they have completed the period (lived the years allotted to them). Snh.97b בכל ד׳ וד׳ (Ms. M.) in each generation; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרַיָּא, דָּרֵי. Targ. Is. 61:8 sqTarg. Ps. 49:12 (Ms. דָּרָתָא); a. fr.Ḥull.93b; Yeb.39b אכשור ד׳ have the generations (the present) grown better? -
10 דָּרָא
דָּר, דָּרָאI ch. 1) same, row, range, order. Keth.60a בד׳ דנשי in a row of women. B. Kam. 117a Stop בד׳ קמא in the first row of scholars. Ḥull.11a top ד׳ דגברי a row of men. Ib. 47a בד׳ דאוני within the ranges of the lobes of the lungs. Ib. 53a בד׳ דסיחופיה in the order in which the claws of the lions paw appear when he assaults an animal. Snh.97b ד׳ קמא דקמיוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ד׳ דקמי; Ms. K. a. Ar. דָּרֵי, pl.) the first row (of righteous men) before the Lord; Succ.45b (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9).Kidd.36b ר״י דדריה R. J. his class-mate; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרֵי. Meg.12a (expl. דַּר, Esth. 1:6) ד׳ ד׳ ranges of mosaics. Nidd.20a תלתא ד׳וכ׳ there are three ranges of leaves, and three leaves in each. Ber.28a ד׳ חיוורתא rows of white hair. Ib. 62b (phonetic etymol. of קפנדריא) אדמקיפנא אַדָּ׳וכ׳ in place of going around the rows of houses Ab. Zar.28a ומייתי דמא מבי דרי ed. (Ms. M. מבי ככי); Yoma 84a ואתי דמא מבי ד׳ (Ms. M. ומייתי ליה דמא מבי ככי ושיני) and he makes blood come (and blood will come) out from between the rows of teeth. (Ib. בככי דריה, v. דְּרָרָא. Taan.3b; B. Mets.73a; B. Kam. 113b בי ד׳, v. דָּרֵי. 2) a range of wood, pyre. Cant. R. to III, 4 ד׳ יקידא יקדת a burning pyre hast thou set on fire, v. יְקַד.Pl. as above. Targ. Ps. 82:1–5 Ms. (ed. זרזי). 3) (v. דּוֹר) period, generation. Targ. Deut. 33:7. Targ. Job. 6:17; a. fr.Ḥag.5a עד דמלי להו לד׳ until they have completed the period (lived the years allotted to them). Snh.97b בכל ד׳ וד׳ (Ms. M.) in each generation; a. fr.Pl. דָּרִין, דָּרַיָּא, דָּרֵי. Targ. Is. 61:8 sqTarg. Ps. 49:12 (Ms. דָּרָתָא); a. fr.Ḥull.93b; Yeb.39b אכשור ד׳ have the generations (the present) grown better? -
11 שלף
שֶׁלֶףm. (preced.) (that which is pulled out,) stubble field. Tosef.B. Mets. IX, 29 אינו … נירה למניחה לפניו ש׳ it is not the same when he surrenders the land tilled (cleared), as when be surrenders it with the stubbles.Pl. שְׁלָפִים. Cant. R. to VI, 12 מלקטת בש׳ picked up (ears) among the stubbles.Trnsf. constr. שִׁלְפֵי, שִׁי׳ the end of a period. Yeb.116b ש׳ קציר חטים היו it was towards the end of the wheat harvest Sabb.60a ש׳ הגזירה היו (Ar. השמד; Ms. M. שליפי, corr. acc.; Ms. O. שלהי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) it was the end of the period of persecution; Cant. R. to II, 5 בש׳ השמד. -
12 שֶׁלֶף
שֶׁלֶףm. (preced.) (that which is pulled out,) stubble field. Tosef.B. Mets. IX, 29 אינו … נירה למניחה לפניו ש׳ it is not the same when he surrenders the land tilled (cleared), as when be surrenders it with the stubbles.Pl. שְׁלָפִים. Cant. R. to VI, 12 מלקטת בש׳ picked up (ears) among the stubbles.Trnsf. constr. שִׁלְפֵי, שִׁי׳ the end of a period. Yeb.116b ש׳ קציר חטים היו it was towards the end of the wheat harvest Sabb.60a ש׳ הגזירה היו (Ar. השמד; Ms. M. שליפי, corr. acc.; Ms. O. שלהי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) it was the end of the period of persecution; Cant. R. to II, 5 בש׳ השמד. -
13 במה
בָּמָהf. (b. h.; prob. fr. בוא) entrance, gathering place, ascent (cmp. b. h. מָבוֹא a. מַעֲלֶה); esp. Bamah, name of the legitimate altars prior to, and of the illegitimate after, the establishment of a central sanctuary (at Shiloh) and of the Temple at Jerusalem; temporary or improvised altar; v. Zeb. XIV, 4–8.Meg.I, 10 ב׳ גדולה national altar; ב׳ קטנה local altar (during their period of legitimacy); Tosef.Zeb. XII, 17 sq.; a. fr.Pl. בָּמוֹת Zeb. l. c. Ib. 114b בשעת היתר הב׳ at the period when bamoth were permitted, v. supra; a. fr. Meg.32a הלוחות והב׳, v. בִּימָה. Cmp. בִּימָה. -
14 בָּמָה
בָּמָהf. (b. h.; prob. fr. בוא) entrance, gathering place, ascent (cmp. b. h. מָבוֹא a. מַעֲלֶה); esp. Bamah, name of the legitimate altars prior to, and of the illegitimate after, the establishment of a central sanctuary (at Shiloh) and of the Temple at Jerusalem; temporary or improvised altar; v. Zeb. XIV, 4–8.Meg.I, 10 ב׳ גדולה national altar; ב׳ קטנה local altar (during their period of legitimacy); Tosef.Zeb. XII, 17 sq.; a. fr.Pl. בָּמוֹת Zeb. l. c. Ib. 114b בשעת היתר הב׳ at the period when bamoth were permitted, v. supra; a. fr. Meg.32a הלוחות והב׳, v. בִּימָה. Cmp. בִּימָה. -
15 יד
יָדf. (rarely m.) (b. h.; יָדָה) 1) hand; forefoot; handle. Ex. R. s. 42, end מיד ליד from hand to hand, directly, opp. ע״י שלוחו through his messenger.י׳ רחבה a wide hand, liberality. Y. Ḥag. I, 76c> top עני ויָדוֹר׳ a poor man who is liberal, opp. י׳ מעוטה stingy.Ḥull.58b, a. fr. בְּיָד on the forefoot (of a quadruped).Ukts. I, 1 כל שהוא יד ולא שזמר whatever part of a fruit serves as a handle (as the stem) and not as a protector (as the shell of a nut). Kel. XXIX, 4 יַד הקורדום the handle of an ax; a. v. fr.Cant. R. to I, 4 לא חלתה יד ליד hand does hot fit hand, i. e. the two cases are incongruous.Trnsf. an intimation, an incomplete statement intelligible from context, surroundings Y.Ned.I, 36d top תופסין אותו משם יד לקרבן we make him responsible because what he said is suggestive of the word korban (as a vow); a. fr.Du. יָדַיִם; pl. יָדוֹת. Yad. I, 1 נותנין לי׳ is required for pouring on the hands. Ib. II, 3 הי׳ מטמאותוכ׳ (when being washed) become unclean or clean up to the wrist; a. v. fr.י׳ יפות, v. יָפֶה.Ned.2b ידות נדרים (or ידות) suggestions of vows, contrad. to כינויים, v. כִּינּוּי. Ib. 5b, a. fr. י׳ שאין מוכיחות לא הויין י׳ suggestions which are not beyond doubt, are no (binding) suggestions; a. fr. 2) power, authority, possession, share. B. Mets.70b, v. אֶמְצַע. Kidd.3b קטנה דלית לה ידוכ׳ a minor who cannot accept a betrothal for herself. Ned.88b יד אשה כיד בעלה the wifes possession is her husbands possession. Kidd.23a גיטו ויָדוֹ באים כאחד his letter of manumission and his right of Self-disposal come simultaneously. Yeb.39a; Keth.83a ידו כיָדָהּ the husbands right of disposal is as great as the wifes (concerning what belongs to her); ידו עדיפא מידה his rights are stronger than hers. B. Mets.VI, 2 יָדָן על התחתונה their rights are the lowest, i. e. they are responsible for losses but can derive no benefits from favorable chances; ib. כל המשנה ידו על התחתונהוכ׳ whichever side changes the agreement is at a disadvantage, and whichever side breaks the agreement ; a. v. fr.Du. יָדַיִם, constr. יְדֵי. Ab. Zar.41b, a. e. מִירֵי ודאי, v. וַדַּאי.יְדֵי חובתו, v. יָצָא. 3) portion, part.Pl. יָדוֹת. Tosef.Men.IX, 10 שתי י׳ two thirds; a. fr.מִיַּד (= מיד ליד) at once, directly, immediately. Tosef.Dem.VIII, 7, v. חָלַל Hif.Y.Pes.VI, 33a מיד כל מיוכ׳ presently, every one whose Passover offering was a lamb ; a. v. fr.עַל יַד, על יְדֵי (abbr. ע״י) through, by means of. Gitt.40b שמא זיכה לוע״י אחר he may have benefitted him (given him his liberty) through the agency of another person (without the slaves knowledge). Nidd.I, 1 מעת לעת ממעטת ע״ווכ׳ the period of twenty four hours is modified by the interval between one examination and the other (if that interval is less than twenty four hours); a. v. fr.על ידי ש־ because. Lev. R. s. 32 ע״י שגדרווכ׳ because the Israelites guarded themselves against unchastity, they were redeemed; a. v. fr.עַל יָד עַל יָד gradually, little by little. B. Kam.80a (opp. מיד); Tosef. ib. VIII, 15. Par.VIII, 7 Hai G. (ed. only once ע״י). כלאחר יד, v. אַחַי.יָדַיִם Yadayim, name of a treatise of the Mishnah and Tosefta, of the Order of Tohăroth, containing the laws of levitical cleanness or uncleanness of the hands. -
16 יָד
יָדf. (rarely m.) (b. h.; יָדָה) 1) hand; forefoot; handle. Ex. R. s. 42, end מיד ליד from hand to hand, directly, opp. ע״י שלוחו through his messenger.י׳ רחבה a wide hand, liberality. Y. Ḥag. I, 76c> top עני ויָדוֹר׳ a poor man who is liberal, opp. י׳ מעוטה stingy.Ḥull.58b, a. fr. בְּיָד on the forefoot (of a quadruped).Ukts. I, 1 כל שהוא יד ולא שזמר whatever part of a fruit serves as a handle (as the stem) and not as a protector (as the shell of a nut). Kel. XXIX, 4 יַד הקורדום the handle of an ax; a. v. fr.Cant. R. to I, 4 לא חלתה יד ליד hand does hot fit hand, i. e. the two cases are incongruous.Trnsf. an intimation, an incomplete statement intelligible from context, surroundings Y.Ned.I, 36d top תופסין אותו משם יד לקרבן we make him responsible because what he said is suggestive of the word korban (as a vow); a. fr.Du. יָדַיִם; pl. יָדוֹת. Yad. I, 1 נותנין לי׳ is required for pouring on the hands. Ib. II, 3 הי׳ מטמאותוכ׳ (when being washed) become unclean or clean up to the wrist; a. v. fr.י׳ יפות, v. יָפֶה.Ned.2b ידות נדרים (or ידות) suggestions of vows, contrad. to כינויים, v. כִּינּוּי. Ib. 5b, a. fr. י׳ שאין מוכיחות לא הויין י׳ suggestions which are not beyond doubt, are no (binding) suggestions; a. fr. 2) power, authority, possession, share. B. Mets.70b, v. אֶמְצַע. Kidd.3b קטנה דלית לה ידוכ׳ a minor who cannot accept a betrothal for herself. Ned.88b יד אשה כיד בעלה the wifes possession is her husbands possession. Kidd.23a גיטו ויָדוֹ באים כאחד his letter of manumission and his right of Self-disposal come simultaneously. Yeb.39a; Keth.83a ידו כיָדָהּ the husbands right of disposal is as great as the wifes (concerning what belongs to her); ידו עדיפא מידה his rights are stronger than hers. B. Mets.VI, 2 יָדָן על התחתונה their rights are the lowest, i. e. they are responsible for losses but can derive no benefits from favorable chances; ib. כל המשנה ידו על התחתונהוכ׳ whichever side changes the agreement is at a disadvantage, and whichever side breaks the agreement ; a. v. fr.Du. יָדַיִם, constr. יְדֵי. Ab. Zar.41b, a. e. מִירֵי ודאי, v. וַדַּאי.יְדֵי חובתו, v. יָצָא. 3) portion, part.Pl. יָדוֹת. Tosef.Men.IX, 10 שתי י׳ two thirds; a. fr.מִיַּד (= מיד ליד) at once, directly, immediately. Tosef.Dem.VIII, 7, v. חָלַל Hif.Y.Pes.VI, 33a מיד כל מיוכ׳ presently, every one whose Passover offering was a lamb ; a. v. fr.עַל יַד, על יְדֵי (abbr. ע״י) through, by means of. Gitt.40b שמא זיכה לוע״י אחר he may have benefitted him (given him his liberty) through the agency of another person (without the slaves knowledge). Nidd.I, 1 מעת לעת ממעטת ע״ווכ׳ the period of twenty four hours is modified by the interval between one examination and the other (if that interval is less than twenty four hours); a. v. fr.על ידי ש־ because. Lev. R. s. 32 ע״י שגדרווכ׳ because the Israelites guarded themselves against unchastity, they were redeemed; a. v. fr.עַל יָד עַל יָד gradually, little by little. B. Kam.80a (opp. מיד); Tosef. ib. VIII, 15. Par.VIII, 7 Hai G. (ed. only once ע״י). כלאחר יד, v. אַחַי.יָדַיִם Yadayim, name of a treatise of the Mishnah and Tosefta, of the Order of Tohăroth, containing the laws of levitical cleanness or uncleanness of the hands. -
17 עולם
עוֹלָםm. (b. h.; עָלַם I) (strength, endurance, nature, existence, world; (b. h.) life-time, eternity. Y.Ber.IV, 7b bot. (ref. to עד עולם, 1 Sam. 1:22) והלא אין עוֹלָמוֹ של לויוכ׳ but the life-time (active service) of the Levite is only up to fifty years. Kidd.15a (ref. to Ex. 21:6 לְעֹלָם) הוה אמינא לע׳ ממש I might have thought, that it meant really for ever (for life); קמשמע לן לע׳ לעולמו של יובל it is intimated (by ושבתםוכ׳, Lev. 25:10) that l‘olam means up to the period of the jubilee. Ber.17a עוֹלָמְךָ תראה בחייךוכ׳ mayest thou see (enjoy) thy existence during thy life-time, and thy future (reward be reserved) for the life of the world to come. Arakh.16b bot. קיבל עולמו has received his reward in this world. Ber.IX, 5 כל חותמי … מן הע׳ (Bab. ed. 54a עד הע׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 20) in all conclusions of benedictions in the Temple they used to say, (Blessed is the Lord …) from everlasting; משקלקלו … אין ע׳ אלא אחדוכ׳ when the heretics (or Sadducees) degenerated and said, there is only one world, they ordained the formula, From everlasting to everlasting. Pes.56a; Tosef. ib. II (III), 19 they did not say ברוך שם כבוד מלכותו לע׳ וָעֶר blessed be the name of His glorious kingdom for ever and ever. Gen. R. s. 30, a. fr. ראה ע׳ חדש has seen a new world (a great change). Cant. R. to I, 3, a. e. ע׳ שאין בו מות, v. אֲתָאנַסְיָא; a. fr.Y.Ned.XI, 42c bot. פירות הע׳ the fruits of the world, i. e. coming from some other place, opp. צבורים בסידקי.ע׳ הזה (abbrev. עה״ז) this world, mundane existence; ע׳ הבא (abbrev. עה״ב) the world to come, the hereafter, also the Messianic days; the days of resurrection. Pes.50a לא טעה״זעה״ב not as in this world (the present), will it be in the Messianic days. Ber.51a זוכה ונוחל שני עולמים העה״ז והעה״ב will be permitted to inherit two worlds, this world and the hereafter. Ab. IV, 16, v. פְּרוֹזְדּוֹר. Snh.X, 1, a. fr. חלקלעה״ב a share in the world to come (resurrection); a. v. fr.אומות הע׳ (abbrev. אוה״ע, א״ה), v. אוּמָּה.בית ע׳ (euphem.) cemetery. Lev. R. s. 12, beg. (interch. with עֲלַם q. v.).Pl. עוֹלָמִים, עוֹלָמִין, עוֹלָמוֹת. Ber. l. c., v. supra. Snh.100a שלש מאות ועשרה ע׳ three hundred and ten worlds (existences of beatitude). Gen. R. s. 3, a. e. היה בורא ע׳ ומחריבן he created worlds and destroyed them again; a. fr.בית ע׳ the permanent house, the Jerusalem Temple, opp. משכן the Tabernacle. Succ.5b; a. fr.לְעוֹלָם a) forever, always, under all circumstances. Y.Ber.V, 9a Pl. חיים לע׳ a life for ever (not ceasing). Keth.IV, 5 לע׳ היא ברשותוכ׳ she (the betrothed) continues to be under the fathers jurisdiction (sharing his legal status), until she is wedded. B. Mets.59a לע׳ … בכבוד אשתו under all conditions a man must guard the honor of his wife. Yeb.46a, a. e. לע׳ אין גר עדוכ׳ a person is not considered a proselyte, until he has been circumcised and immersed; a. v. fr.b) (dialectic term) at all events, in spite of your argument, still. Ḥull.101a לע׳ קסברוכ׳ Rab may still be of the opinion that ; Ber.3a. Ib.b לע׳ בחדוכ׳ I may still say, it refers to one person and to recent debris; a. fr.מֵע׳ לא never. Yoma 49a מע׳ לא שאלניוכ׳ never (in my life) did a person consult me about ; (Ḥull.7b מימי). Sabb.108b מע׳ לא טבע גבראוכ׳ never yet has a person been drowned in the Dead Sea; a. fr. -
18 עוֹלָם
עוֹלָםm. (b. h.; עָלַם I) (strength, endurance, nature, existence, world; (b. h.) life-time, eternity. Y.Ber.IV, 7b bot. (ref. to עד עולם, 1 Sam. 1:22) והלא אין עוֹלָמוֹ של לויוכ׳ but the life-time (active service) of the Levite is only up to fifty years. Kidd.15a (ref. to Ex. 21:6 לְעֹלָם) הוה אמינא לע׳ ממש I might have thought, that it meant really for ever (for life); קמשמע לן לע׳ לעולמו של יובל it is intimated (by ושבתםוכ׳, Lev. 25:10) that l‘olam means up to the period of the jubilee. Ber.17a עוֹלָמְךָ תראה בחייךוכ׳ mayest thou see (enjoy) thy existence during thy life-time, and thy future (reward be reserved) for the life of the world to come. Arakh.16b bot. קיבל עולמו has received his reward in this world. Ber.IX, 5 כל חותמי … מן הע׳ (Bab. ed. 54a עד הע׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 20) in all conclusions of benedictions in the Temple they used to say, (Blessed is the Lord …) from everlasting; משקלקלו … אין ע׳ אלא אחדוכ׳ when the heretics (or Sadducees) degenerated and said, there is only one world, they ordained the formula, From everlasting to everlasting. Pes.56a; Tosef. ib. II (III), 19 they did not say ברוך שם כבוד מלכותו לע׳ וָעֶר blessed be the name of His glorious kingdom for ever and ever. Gen. R. s. 30, a. fr. ראה ע׳ חדש has seen a new world (a great change). Cant. R. to I, 3, a. e. ע׳ שאין בו מות, v. אֲתָאנַסְיָא; a. fr.Y.Ned.XI, 42c bot. פירות הע׳ the fruits of the world, i. e. coming from some other place, opp. צבורים בסידקי.ע׳ הזה (abbrev. עה״ז) this world, mundane existence; ע׳ הבא (abbrev. עה״ב) the world to come, the hereafter, also the Messianic days; the days of resurrection. Pes.50a לא טעה״זעה״ב not as in this world (the present), will it be in the Messianic days. Ber.51a זוכה ונוחל שני עולמים העה״ז והעה״ב will be permitted to inherit two worlds, this world and the hereafter. Ab. IV, 16, v. פְּרוֹזְדּוֹר. Snh.X, 1, a. fr. חלקלעה״ב a share in the world to come (resurrection); a. v. fr.אומות הע׳ (abbrev. אוה״ע, א״ה), v. אוּמָּה.בית ע׳ (euphem.) cemetery. Lev. R. s. 12, beg. (interch. with עֲלַם q. v.).Pl. עוֹלָמִים, עוֹלָמִין, עוֹלָמוֹת. Ber. l. c., v. supra. Snh.100a שלש מאות ועשרה ע׳ three hundred and ten worlds (existences of beatitude). Gen. R. s. 3, a. e. היה בורא ע׳ ומחריבן he created worlds and destroyed them again; a. fr.בית ע׳ the permanent house, the Jerusalem Temple, opp. משכן the Tabernacle. Succ.5b; a. fr.לְעוֹלָם a) forever, always, under all circumstances. Y.Ber.V, 9a Pl. חיים לע׳ a life for ever (not ceasing). Keth.IV, 5 לע׳ היא ברשותוכ׳ she (the betrothed) continues to be under the fathers jurisdiction (sharing his legal status), until she is wedded. B. Mets.59a לע׳ … בכבוד אשתו under all conditions a man must guard the honor of his wife. Yeb.46a, a. e. לע׳ אין גר עדוכ׳ a person is not considered a proselyte, until he has been circumcised and immersed; a. v. fr.b) (dialectic term) at all events, in spite of your argument, still. Ḥull.101a לע׳ קסברוכ׳ Rab may still be of the opinion that ; Ber.3a. Ib.b לע׳ בחדוכ׳ I may still say, it refers to one person and to recent debris; a. fr.מֵע׳ לא never. Yoma 49a מע׳ לא שאלניוכ׳ never (in my life) did a person consult me about ; (Ḥull.7b מימי). Sabb.108b מע׳ לא טבע גבראוכ׳ never yet has a person been drowned in the Dead Sea; a. fr. -
19 פרס
פְּרָסm. (פָּרַס) 1) part, half, v. פְּרוּס. 2) a piece, esp. a certain quantity of bread. Neg. XIII, 9 כדי אכילת פ׳ פת חטיןוכ׳ as much time as is required for eating a piece, that is, a piece of wheat bread Ib. 10. Tosef. ib. VII, 10 וכמה הוא פ׳ חציוכ׳ and how much is a pras? Half a loaf, of which three make a Kab; Tosef.Mikv.VII (VIII), 6; Erub.83a; a. fr.Pl. פְּרָסִים; Du. פְּרָסַיִים. Y.Sabb.I, 2b bot. אכילת פ׳ eating two prasim (with interruption); ib. כמה זתים בכמה פ׳ several olive sizes of eatables eaten within a time required for eating several pieces; Y.Hor.III, 47b bot.Trnsf. the fare received by members of a household, or by slaves. Erub.72b במקבלי פ׳ שנו the Mishnah speaking of brothers eating at their fathers table means those receiving, each his separate fare, at the hands of their father. Ib. 73a מי שיש לו … מקבלות פ׳וכ׳ if a man has five wives (occupying separate dwellings in one court) receiving their fare at the hands of their husband, and five slaves receiving Y.Taan.I, beg.63c הוא הובע פְּרָסוֹ ממנו he (the slave) begs him for his fare; (ib. פרנסתו). Ib. סמוך לפרסו near the period when his fare is due. Ab. I, 3, v. עֶבֶד; a. fr. 3) Pras, half a Maneh (מָנֶה). Eduy. III, 3 מנה ופ׳ each weighing one Maneh and a half. Peah VIII, 5; a. fr.מנה בן פ׳, v. מָנֶה. 4) Pras, half the length of a furrow (v. infra); בית (ה) פ׳ an area of a square Pras, esp. a field, of a square Pras, declared unclean on account of crushed bones carried over it from a ploughed grave. M. Kat. 5b החורש את הקבר הרי הוא עושה בית פ׳ וכמה הוא עושה הצי מענהוכ׳ Ms. M. a. Rashi (ed. מלא מענה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he who ploughs over a grave, makes a beth-pras (an unclean field), and how much of it does he make unclean? Half the length of a furrow of one hundred cubits; Ohol. XVII, 1 החורש … עושה בית פ׳ … מאה אמה בית ארבעה סאים he who ploughs ; how far does he make it unclean? (Half) the size of a furrow of a hundred cubits (in all directions), which is a square of the capacity of four Sahs of seed; Nidd.57a; Tosef.Ohol.XVII, 1. Ohol.XVII, 2 בית פ׳ עושה בית פ׳ an unclean field may create another unclean field (if the plough passes over and beyond it). Tosef. ib. XVII, 4 אבל עולה הוא כמדת הפ׳ (read: במדת; R. S. to Ohol.XVII, 3 כמדת בית הפ׳) but it is counted in so as to complete the measure of a beth-pras; a. fr.Pl. בית פְּרָסוֹת. Ohol. XVIII, 2 (M. Kat. 5b בית פרס). (Maim. explains בית הפ׳, by ref. to פָּרַס to extend, the area of extension; Rashi, by ref. to פָּרַס to break, an area of bone splinters. -
20 פְּרָס
פְּרָסm. (פָּרַס) 1) part, half, v. פְּרוּס. 2) a piece, esp. a certain quantity of bread. Neg. XIII, 9 כדי אכילת פ׳ פת חטיןוכ׳ as much time as is required for eating a piece, that is, a piece of wheat bread Ib. 10. Tosef. ib. VII, 10 וכמה הוא פ׳ חציוכ׳ and how much is a pras? Half a loaf, of which three make a Kab; Tosef.Mikv.VII (VIII), 6; Erub.83a; a. fr.Pl. פְּרָסִים; Du. פְּרָסַיִים. Y.Sabb.I, 2b bot. אכילת פ׳ eating two prasim (with interruption); ib. כמה זתים בכמה פ׳ several olive sizes of eatables eaten within a time required for eating several pieces; Y.Hor.III, 47b bot.Trnsf. the fare received by members of a household, or by slaves. Erub.72b במקבלי פ׳ שנו the Mishnah speaking of brothers eating at their fathers table means those receiving, each his separate fare, at the hands of their father. Ib. 73a מי שיש לו … מקבלות פ׳וכ׳ if a man has five wives (occupying separate dwellings in one court) receiving their fare at the hands of their husband, and five slaves receiving Y.Taan.I, beg.63c הוא הובע פְּרָסוֹ ממנו he (the slave) begs him for his fare; (ib. פרנסתו). Ib. סמוך לפרסו near the period when his fare is due. Ab. I, 3, v. עֶבֶד; a. fr. 3) Pras, half a Maneh (מָנֶה). Eduy. III, 3 מנה ופ׳ each weighing one Maneh and a half. Peah VIII, 5; a. fr.מנה בן פ׳, v. מָנֶה. 4) Pras, half the length of a furrow (v. infra); בית (ה) פ׳ an area of a square Pras, esp. a field, of a square Pras, declared unclean on account of crushed bones carried over it from a ploughed grave. M. Kat. 5b החורש את הקבר הרי הוא עושה בית פ׳ וכמה הוא עושה הצי מענהוכ׳ Ms. M. a. Rashi (ed. מלא מענה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he who ploughs over a grave, makes a beth-pras (an unclean field), and how much of it does he make unclean? Half the length of a furrow of one hundred cubits; Ohol. XVII, 1 החורש … עושה בית פ׳ … מאה אמה בית ארבעה סאים he who ploughs ; how far does he make it unclean? (Half) the size of a furrow of a hundred cubits (in all directions), which is a square of the capacity of four Sahs of seed; Nidd.57a; Tosef.Ohol.XVII, 1. Ohol.XVII, 2 בית פ׳ עושה בית פ׳ an unclean field may create another unclean field (if the plough passes over and beyond it). Tosef. ib. XVII, 4 אבל עולה הוא כמדת הפ׳ (read: במדת; R. S. to Ohol.XVII, 3 כמדת בית הפ׳) but it is counted in so as to complete the measure of a beth-pras; a. fr.Pl. בית פְּרָסוֹת. Ohol. XVIII, 2 (M. Kat. 5b בית פרס). (Maim. explains בית הפ׳, by ref. to פָּרַס to extend, the area of extension; Rashi, by ref. to פָּרַס to break, an area of bone splinters.
См. также в других словарях:
The period — Period Pe ri*od, n. [L. periodus, Gr. ? a going round, a way round, a circumference, a period of time; ? round, about + ? a way: cf. F. p[ e]riode.] 1. A portion of time as limited and determined by some recurring phenomenon, as by the completion … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion — The Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion (zh tp |t=動員戡亂時期臨時條款|p=Dòngyuán kānluàn shíqī línshí tiáokuǎn) was a series of temporary constitutional provisions passed by the National Assembly of the Republic of… … Wikipedia
The Fens — The Fens, also known as the Fenland, is a geographic area in eastern England, in the United Kingdom. The Fenland primarily lies around the coast of the Wash; it reaches into two Government regions (East Anglia and the East Midlands), four modern… … Wikipedia
Period — Pe ri*od, n. [L. periodus, Gr. ? a going round, a way round, a circumference, a period of time; ? round, about + ? a way: cf. F. p[ e]riode.] 1. A portion of time as limited and determined by some recurring phenomenon, as by the completion of a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions — (1962), by Thomas Kuhn, is an analysis of the history of science. Its publication was a landmark event in the sociology of knowledge, and popularized the terms paradigm and paradigm shift .HistoryThe work was first published as a monograph in the … Wikipedia
Period — or periodic may refer to:Language and literature* Full stop, a punctuation mark indicating the end of a sentence or phrase * Periodic sentence, a sentence that is not grammatically complete until its end * The final book in Dennis Cooper s George … Wikipedia
The Moody Blues — in concert at the Chumash Casino Resort in Santa Ynez, California in 2005. L R: Justin Hayward, Graeme Edge and John Lodge. Background information Origin … Wikipedia
The Doobie Brothers — Doobie Brothers in Berkeley, California, September 11, 1982. L to R: : Michael Hossack, Patrick Simmons, John Hartman, Tom Johnston. Background information Origin San Jose … Wikipedia
The Cantos — by Ezra Pound is a long, incomplete poem in 120 sections, each of which is a canto . Most of it was written between 1915 and 1962, although much of the early work was abandoned and the early cantos, as finally published, date from 1922 onwards.… … Wikipedia
The Twelve Caesars — Author(s) Suetonius Original title De vita Caesarum (literal trans.: On the Life of the Caesars) … Wikipedia
Period of Disunity — The Period of Disunity, also known as the first disunion, was a long period of disunity and civil wars in China, lasting from 220 to 589. It followed the collapse of the Han Dynasty, when a large number of kingdoms had sprung up and fought for… … Wikipedia
