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1 the
[ðə], [ðɪ] adjective1) (The form [ðə] is used before words beginning with a consonant eg [i u]the house[i /u] [ðəhaus] or consonant sound eg [i u]the union[i /u] [ðəˈjuːnjən]; the form [ðɪ] is used before words beginning with a vowel eg [i u]the apple[i /u] [ðɪ ˈapl] or vowel sound eg [i u]the honour[i /u] [ðɪ ˈɔnə])أداة التَّعريف: تُسْتَعْمَل للإشارَةِ الى إسمٍ ذُكِر سابِقا2) used to refer to a person, thing etc mentioned previously, described in a following phrase, or already known:Where is the book I put on the table?
Who was the man you were talking to?
Switch the light off!
3) used with a singular noun or an adjective to refer to all members of a group etc or to a general type of object, group of objects etc:The horse is running fast.
تُسـتَعْمَل مع الإسم المُفْرَد أو الصِّفَه لِتُشير إلى النَّوع بصورةٍ عامَّهHe plays the piano/violin very well.
4) used to refer to unique objects etc, especially in titles and names:تُسْتَعْمَل مع الأشياء الفَريدَه في العَناوين والألقابthe Atlantic (Ocean).
5) used after a preposition with words referring to a unit of quantity, time etc:تُسْتَعْمَل بعدَ حَرْفِ جَر مع كَلِمات تُشير إلى الكَمِيَّه أو الزَّمَنIn this job we are paid by the hour.
6) used with superlative adjectives and adverbs to denote a person, thing etc which is or shows more of something than any other:تُسْتَعْمَل في المقارَنَه مع درجَة أفْعَل التَّفْضيلWe like him (the) best of all.
7) ( often with all) used with comparative adjectives to show that a person, thing etc is better, worse etc:تُستعمل مع درجة المقارنة بين إثنينHe has had a week's holiday and looks (all) the better for it.
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2 علم
عِلْم \ knowledge: what one knows: His knowledge of radio is very wide. His general knowledge is slight. learning: knowledge that is gained by long serious study: He is a man of great learning. scholarship: the qualities of a very learned person: This writer on Shakespeare is famous for his scholarship. science: the careful study of any serious subject: political science; the science of language. \ بِغَير عِلْمِه \ behind sb.’s back: when someone is not present: He tells untrue stories about me behind my back. \ عِلْم الآثار القَديمة \ archaeology, archeology: the scientific study of life in the distant past by digging up ancient cities, examining buried objects, etc. \ عِلْم الاجْتِماع \ sociology: the study of society and human behaviour in groups. \ عِلْم الإِحْصَاء \ statistics: (with pl. verb) facts that are shown by numbers; (with sg. verb) the science of showing facts by numbers: National statistics of births and deaths are collected regularly. Statistics is a modern science. \ عِلْم الأَحْياء \ biology: the science of living things. \ عِلْم الأخلاق \ ethics: the study of good and bad in human behaviour. \ عِلْم الأرصاد الجوّيّة \ meteorology: the science of the weather. \ عِلْم الأساطير \ mythology: myths in general; the study of myths. \ عِلْم الاشْتِقاق (في علم اللُّغَة) \ etymology: the study of the history of words. \ عِلْم الأصوات \ phonetics: (as subject of study; pl. as a practical activity) the science of speech sounds; the signs used for these sounds; the practical use of this science: Phonetics is a modern science. Are these phonetics correct? Phonetics help foreigners to pronounce words. \ عِلْم الاقتصاد \ economics: the science of national economy. \ عِلْم الإنْسَان \ anthropology: the scientific study of man, his way of life, religions, races, etc. \ عِلْم بالوُصُول \ acknowledg(e)ment: a note of receipt: I sent the money but I’ve had no acknowledgement. \ عِلْم التاريخ \ history: an orderly record or study of past events: a student of history; the history of Europe. \ عِلْم التَّحْليل النَّفْسي \ psychoanalysis: (the scientific study of) a way of treating disorders ot the mind by examination of all that sb. can remember of his past life, dreams, feelings, etc.. \ عِلْم التَّدْبِير المنزليّ \ domestic science: the study of cooking and other housekeeping skills. \ عِلْم التَّنْجيم \ astrology: the study of the stars in relation to human fate. \ عِلْم الجَبْر \ algebra: a branch of mathematics, using signs and letters as well as numbers. \ عِلْم الجُغْرافيا \ geography: the scientific study of the structure, produce and use of the earth’s surface. \ عِلْم الحَرْب \ warfare: the science of making war; fighting. \ عِلْم حَرَكة السوائل \ hydraulics: the science of controlling and using liquid pressure, esp. for engineering purposes. \ عِلْم الحَشَرات \ entomology: the study of insects. \ عِلْم الحَيَوان \ zoology: the scientific study of animal life. \ عِلْم الرِّياضيّات \ mathematics: the science of numbers and space; the practical use of this science: Mathematics is an exact science. maths: the usual shortening of mathematics. \ عِلْم الزراعة بدون تُربة \ hydroponics: the science of growing plants in water, without soil. \ عِلْم السِّيَاسَة \ politics: (sg. as an art or activity; pl. as personal beliefs, etc.) the art of government; the affairs of government; one’s opinions on government: Is politics an art or a science? My politics are my private concern. \ عِلْم الصحّة \ hygiene: the study and practice of how to keep good health, esp. by paying attention to cleaniness. \ عِلْم صيانة الأحراش \ forestry: the science of growing trees for man’s use as wood. \ عِلْم الطّبّ \ medicine: the science and the art of dealing with disease. \ عِلْم طَبَقات الأرض \ geology: the study of the rocks that make up the earth. \ عِلْم الطبيعة \ physics: the science of heat, light, sound, Motion, etc.: Physics is an important branch of science. \ See Also الفيزياء \ عِلْم طبيعيّ \ science: the study of the substances, forces, etc. found in nature (esp. Biology; Chemistry; Physics): Schools teach science. \ عِلْم الطُّيُور \ ornithology: the scientific study of birds. \ عِلْم الفَلَك \ astronomy: the scientific study of the stars. \ عِلْم الكِيمْياء \ chemistry: the science that studies the nature and behaviour of all substances. \ عِلْم المالية \ finance: the science of controlling money. \ See Also إدارة المال \ عِلْم المَنْطِق \ logic: the science of reasoning. \ عِلْم النَّبَات \ botany: the scientific study of plants. \ عِلْم النَّفْس \ psychology: the scientific study of the mind. \ عِلْم الهَنْدَسة \ geometry: the science of lines, angles, surfaces and solid figures, and of their measurements. -
3 generic
[dʒəˈnerɪk] adjective(of a name, term etc ) referring to several similar objects etc:للجِنْس عامَّة، عام"Furniture" is a generic term for chairs, tables etc.
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4 stuff
I [staf] noun1) material or substance:What is that black oily stuff on the beach?
مادَّهShow them what stuff you're made of! (= how brave, strong etc you are).
2) (unimportant) matter, things, objects etc:مَتاع، أشياء غَيْر مُهِمَّهWe'll have to get rid of all this stuff when we move house.
3) an old word for cloth.قِماش II [staf] verb1) to pack or fill tightly, often hurriedly or untidily:يَحْشو يَحْشوThe children have been stuffing themselves with ice-cream.
3) to fill the skin of (a dead animal or bird) to preserve the appearance it had when alive:يُحَنِّطThey stuffed the golden eagle.
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5 inequality
[ɪnɪˈkwɔlətɪ] noun(a case of) the existence of differences in size, value etc between two or more objects etc:لا مُساواه، تَفاوُتThere is bound to be inequality between a manager's salary and a workman's wages.
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6 sandwich
[ˈsænwɪdʒ] (American) [-wɪtʃ]1. nounslices of bread etc with food between:سانْدويتْش، شَطيرَهcheese sandwiches.
2. verbيَضَعُ شيْئا بين شَيْئَيْن وَيَضْغَط عَلَيْهِHis car was sandwiched between two lorries.
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7 خرافة
خُرَافَة \ legend: a fanciful old story (sometimes partly true) that has been passed on by spoken words: There is a legend that gold lies buried under this castle. myth: a story (passed down from ancient times) that contains the early beliefs of a race (about nature, history, etc.). superstition: belief in magic; an unreasonable belief that certain acts, objects, etc. cause fortune or misfortune. -
8 legend
خُرَافَة \ legend: a fanciful old story (sometimes partly true) that has been passed on by spoken words: There is a legend that gold lies buried under this castle. myth: a story (passed down from ancient times) that contains the early beliefs of a race (about nature, history, etc.). superstition: belief in magic; an unreasonable belief that certain acts, objects, etc. cause fortune or misfortune. -
9 myth
خُرَافَة \ legend: a fanciful old story (sometimes partly true) that has been passed on by spoken words: There is a legend that gold lies buried under this castle. myth: a story (passed down from ancient times) that contains the early beliefs of a race (about nature, history, etc.). superstition: belief in magic; an unreasonable belief that certain acts, objects, etc. cause fortune or misfortune. -
10 superstition
خُرَافَة \ legend: a fanciful old story (sometimes partly true) that has been passed on by spoken words: There is a legend that gold lies buried under this castle. myth: a story (passed down from ancient times) that contains the early beliefs of a race (about nature, history, etc.). superstition: belief in magic; an unreasonable belief that certain acts, objects, etc. cause fortune or misfortune. -
11 collection
[-ʃən] noun1) (an) act of collecting:جَمْع، تَجْميعYour letter won't get to London tomorrow – you've missed the last collection (= of mail from a postbox) for today.
2) a set of objects etc collected:مَجْموعَهa stamp collection.
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12 goods
noun pluralبَضائِعleather goods.
2) articles sent by rail, not road, sea or air:سِلَع، بَضائِع، حَقائِب المسافرين( also adjective) a goods train/station.
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13 odds and ends
small objects etc of different kinds:فَضَلات، بَقايا، نَثَراتThere were various odds and ends lying about on the table.
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14 ramp
[ræmp] nouna sloping surface between places, objects etc which are at different levels:مُنْحَدَرThe car drove up the ramp from the quay to the ship.
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15 scrap heap
a heap of waste material, unwanted objects etc.كَوْمَةٌ من قُصاصات الوَرَق -
16 tweezers
[ˈtwiːzəz] noun plurala tool for gripping or pulling hairs, small objects etc:مِلْقاط صَغير للشَّعْرShe used a pair of tweezers to pluck her eyebrows.
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17 معتقد
مُعْتَقَد \ belief: sth. believed: a set of beliefs. \ مُعْتَقَد خُرافي \ superstition: belief in magic; an unreasonable belief that certain acts, objects, etc. cause fortune or misfortune. -
18 archaeology, archeology
عِلْم الآثار القَديمة \ archaeology, archeology: the scientific study of life in the distant past by digging up ancient cities, examining buried objects, etc. -
19 superstition
مُعْتَقَد خُرافي \ superstition: belief in magic; an unreasonable belief that certain acts, objects, etc. cause fortune or misfortune. -
20 jewellery, jewelry
جَوَاهِر \ jewellery, jewelry: jewels in general; objects (ring, etc.) that are fitted with them. \ حِلِيّ \ jewellery, jewelry: jewels in general; objects (rings, etc.) that are fitted with them. \ مُجَوْهَرَات \ jewellery, jewelry: jewels in general; objects (ring, etc.) that are fitted with them.
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