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41 (г.) Нортхемптон
Geography: Northampton (адм. центр граф. Нортхемптоншир, Англия, Великобритания) -
42 Нортгемптон
General subject: Northampton -
43 Нортгемптоншир
Geography: Northampton (графство Англии), Northamptonshire (графство Англии), Northants -
44 г. Нортгемптон
General subject: Northampton -
45 Нортхемптон
Geography: (г.) Northampton (адм. центр граф. Нортхемптоншир, Англия, Великобритания) -
46 Nthptn.
x. Northampton(shire) -
47 Northants
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48 Allentown
Город на востоке штата Пенсильвания, в 76 км к северо-западу от Филадельфии, на р. Лихай [Lehigh River]. 106,6 тыс. жителей (2000), с г. Бетлехем [ Bethlehem] и пригородами 637,9 тыс. жителей. Административный центр [ county seat] округа Лихай [Lehigh County]. Город является центром сельскохозяйственного района долины р. Лихай [Lehigh Valley] и "Края пенсильванских немцев" [Pennsylvania Dutch Country; Pennsylvania Dutch] (картофель, фрукты, пшеница, кукуруза). Крупный промышленный центр: производство цемента, электрооборудования, медицинской техники, продуктов питания, мебели, металлообработка, полиграфическая промышленность и др. Два аэропорта - Куин-Сити [Allentown Queen City Airport] и Лихай-Вэлли [Lehigh Valley International Airport]. В городе несколько колледжей, в том числе Сидер-Крэст [Cedar Crest College] (1867) и колледж Маленберга [Muhlenberg College] (1848). Основан в 1762 председателем Верховного суда Пенсильвании У. Алленом [Allen, Williiam], до 1836 был известен под названием Нортхэмптон [Northampton], статус города с 1867. Во время Войны за независимость [ Revolutionary War] здесь прятали "Колокол свободы" [ Liberty Bell]; в Аллентауне был склад боеприпасов Континентальной армии [ Continental Army]. Постройка моста через р. Лихай (1812) и канала Лихай [Lehigh Canal] (1829) привели к бурному промышленному развитию города в XIX в. Производство железа началось в 1847, а первый цементный завод открылся в 1850. В годы после второй мировой войны испытал серьезный спад промышленности. Среди достопримечательностей - Исторический музей Траут-холл [Trout Hall] (1770), Заповедник в парке Трекслер [Trexler Memorial Park], велодром [Lehigh Valley Velodrome], Художественный музей [Allentown Art Museum]. В городе есть симфонический [Allentown Symphony] и камерный [Lehigh Valley Chamber Orchestra] оркестры. -
49 Edwards, Jonathan
(1703-1758) Эдвардс, ДжонатанРелигиозный деятель. Священник Конгрегационалистской церкви в Норсамптоне [Northampton], шт. Массачусетс; основоположник собственной школы в теологии; под влиянием ньютоновой физики и философии Локка создал систему логического анализа. Эта система сформулирована в философских терминах, однако по сути возрождала кальвинизм. Стоял у истоков течения "Великое пробуждение" [ Great Awakening]. Позднее порвал со своей церковью; незадолго до смерти был избран президентом Нью-Джерсийского колледжа (ныне Принстонский университет [ Princeton University])English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Edwards, Jonathan
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50 Нортгемптоншир
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51 město - Velká Británie
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52 okres v USA
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53 Northamptonshire
[nɔː'θæmptənʃə]English-Ukrainian transcription dictionary > Northamptonshire
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54 make smb. sit up
разг.поразить, изумить, повергнуть в изумление кого-л.; шокировать, неприятно удивить кого-л‘Have you got a lawyer?’ ‘Not yet.’ ‘I'll send you mine. He'll make them sit up!’ (J. Galsworthy, ‘The Silver Spoon’, part I, ch. XIII) — - Адвокат у вас есть? - Нет ещё. - я вам пришлю своего. Они у него попляшут.
Magnus: "It is a great pleasure to meet you at last, Mr. Boanerges. I have followed your career with interest ever since you contested Northampton twenty-five years ago." Boanerges: "...I should just think you have, king Magnus. I have made you sit up once or twice, eh?" (B. Shaw, ‘The Apple Cart’, act I) — Магнус: "я очень рад вас видеть наконец, господин Бонерджес. я с интересом следил за вашей карьерой с тех пор, как вы выставили свою кандидатуру на выборах в Нортгемптоне двадцать пять лет назад." Бенерджес: "...я в этом не сомневаюсь, король Магнус. Пришлось мне доставить вам некоторое беспокойство разок-другой, не правда ли?"
Ah went to Russia one time - just the once, that's all - an' if ever they get properly started an' get rid o' their Grand Dukes an' suchlike - they'll mak' some of us sit up, Russians will. You mark my words, lad. (J. B. Priestley, ‘Bright Day’, ch. 3) — Однажды я побывал в царской России. Один раз только. И если они возьмутся за дело и избавятся от великих князей и им подобных, попомни мои слова, парень, русские еще повергнут кое-кого из нас в изумление.
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55 ნორტჰემპტონი
nNorthampton -
56 Paul, Lewis
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]d. April 1759 Brook Green, London, England[br]English inventor of hand carding machines and partner with Wyatt in early spinning machines.[br]Lewis Paul, apparently of French Huguenot extraction, was quite young when his father died. His father was Physician to Lord Shaftsbury, who acted as Lewis Paul's guardian. In 1728 Paul made a runaway match with a widow and apparently came into her property when she died a year later. He must have subsequently remarried. In 1732 he invented a pinking machine for making the edges of shrouds out of which he derived some profit.Why Paul went to Birmingham is unknown, but he helped finance some of Wyatt's earlier inventions. Judging by the later patents taken out by Paul, it is probable that he was the one interested in spinning, turning to Wyatt for help in the construction of his spinning machine because he had no mechanical skills. The two men may have been involved in this as early as 1733, although it is more likely that they began this work in 1735. Wyatt went to London to construct a model and in 1736 helped to apply for a patent, which was granted in 1738 in the name of Paul. The patent shows that Paul and Wyatt had a number of different ways of spinning in mind, but contains no drawings of the machines. In one part there is a description of sets of rollers to draw the cotton out more finely that could have been similar to those later used by Richard Arkwright. However, it would seem that Paul and Wyatt followed the other main method described, which might be called spindle drafting, where the fibres are drawn out between the nip of a pair of rollers and the tip of the spindle; this method is unsatisfactory for continuous spinning and results in an uneven yarn.The spinning venture was supported by Thomas Warren, a well-known Birmingham printer, Edward Cave of Gentleman's Magazine, Dr Robert James of fever-powder celebrity, Mrs Desmoulins, and others. Dr Samuel Johnson also took much interest. In 1741 a mill powered by two asses was equipped at the Upper Priory, Birmingham, with, machinery for spinning cotton being constructed by Wyatt. Licences for using the invention were sold to other people including Edward Cave, who established a mill at Northampton, so the enterprise seemed to have great promise. A spinning machine must be supplied with fibres suitably prepared, so carding machines had to be developed. Work was in hand on one in 1740 and in 1748 Paul took out another patent for two types of carding device, possibly prompted by the patent taken out by Daniel Bourn. Both of Paul's devices were worked by hand and the carded fibres were laid onto a strip of paper. The paper and fibres were then rolled up and placed in the spinning machine. In 1757 John Dyer wrote a poem entitled The Fleece, which describes a circular spinning machine of the type depicted in a patent taken out by Paul in 1758. Drawings in this patent show that this method of spinning was different from Arkwright's. Paul endeavoured to have the machine introduced into the Foundling Hospital, but his death in early 1759 stopped all further development. He was buried at Paddington on 30 April that year.[br]Bibliography1738, British patent no. 562 (spinning machine). 1748, British patent no. 636 (carding machine).1758, British patent no. 724 (circular spinning machine).Further ReadingG.J.French, 1859, The Life and Times of Samuel Crompton, London, App. This should be read in conjunction with R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester, which shows that the roller drafting system on Paul's later spinning machine worked on the wrong principles.A.P.Wadsworth and J.de L.Mann, 1931, The Cotton Trade and Industrial Lancashire, 1600–1780, Manchester (provides good coverage of the partnership of Paul and Wyatt and the early mills).E.Baines, 1835, History of the Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain, London (this publication must be mentioned, but is now out of date).A.Seymour-Jones, 1921, "The invention of roller drawing in cotton spinning", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 1 (a more modern account).RLH -
57 Pilcher, Percy Sinclair
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 16 January 1867 Bath, Englandd. 2 October 1899 Stanford Hall, Northamptonshire, England[br]English designer and glider aeronaut.[br]He was educated at HMS Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, from 1880 to 1882. He sailed on HMS Duke of Wellington, Agincourt, Northampton and other ships and resigned from the navy on 18 April 187 after seven years at sea. In June 1887 he was apprenticed at Randolph, Elder \& Co.'s shipyard at Govan, and was then an apprentice moulder at Cairn \& Co., Glasgow. For some time he "studied" at London University (though there is no official record of his doing so) while living with his sister at Phillbeck Gardens, South Kensington. In May 1890 he was working for John H.Biles, Manager of the Southampton Naval Works Ltd. Biles was later appointed Professor of Naval Architecture at Glasgow University with Pilcher as his Assistant Lecturer. In 1895 he was building his first glider, the Bat, which was built mainly of Riga pine and weighed 44 lb (20 kg). In succeeding months he travelled to Lichterfelde to study the gliders made by the German Lilienthal and built a further three machines, the Beetle, the Gull and the Hawk. In 1896 he applied for his only aeronautical patent, for "Improved flying and soaring machines", which was accepted on March 1897. In April 1896 he resigned his position at Glasgow University to become Assistant to Sir Hiram Maxim, who was also doing experiments with flying machines at his Nordenfeld Guns and Ammunition Co. Ltd at Crayford. He took up residence in Artillery Mansions, Victoria Street, later taken over by Vickers Ltd. Maxim had a hangar at Upper Lodge Farm, Austin Eynsford, Kent: using this, Pilcher reached a height of 12 ft (3.66m) in 1899 with a cable launch. He planned to build a 2 hp (1.5 kW) petrol engine In September 1899 he went to stay with Lord Braye at Stanford Hall, Northamptonshire, where many people came to see his flying machine, a triplane. The weather was far from ideal, windy and raining, but Pilcher would not disappoint them. A bracing wire broke, the tail collapsed and the pilot crashed to the ground suffering two broken legs and concussion. He did not regain consciousness and died the following day. He was buried in Brompton Cemetery.[br]Bibliography1896, British patent no. 9144 "Improved flying and soaring machines".Further ReadingP.Jarrett, 1987, Another Icarus. Percy Pilcher and the Quest for Flight, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.A.Welch and L.Welch, 1965, The Story of Gliding, London: John Murray.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Pilcher, Percy Sinclair
См. также в других словарях:
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Northampton, NY — U.S. Census Designated Place in New York Population (2000): 468 Housing Units (2000): 205 Land area (2000): 9.077732 sq. miles (23.511218 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.102168 sq. miles (0.264613 sq. km) Total area (2000): 9.179900 sq. miles… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Northampton, PA — U.S. borough in Pennsylvania Population (2000): 9405 Housing Units (2000): 4023 Land area (2000): 2.598733 sq. miles (6.730688 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.099729 sq. miles (0.258296 sq. km) Total area (2000): 2.698462 sq. miles (6.988984 sq. km) … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Northampton — es una extensa población comercial y un distrito local de Inglaterra. Está situado sobre el río Nene en el condado de Northamptonshire. En el año 2002 tenía una población de 194,122 habitantes. En el pasado era un conocido centro manufacturero de … Enciclopedia Universal
Northampton — [nɔː θæmptən], Hauptstadt der County Northamptonshire, Mittelengland, 179 600 Einwohner; wurde 1968 zur New Town bestimmt; katholischer Bischofssitz; Museen, Kunstgalerie. Northampton ist Hauptsitz der englischen Schuhindustrie, ferner… … Universal-Lexikon
Northampton — (spr. Nohrshämmt n), 1) Grafschaft in England, im Binnenlande gelegen; 47,75 QM., hügelig; Flüsse: Nee, Welland, Ouse u.a.; bringt Getreide, Gartenfrüchte, Flachs, Hopfen, Waid, die gewöhnlichen Hausthiere, Damhirsche; Töpferthon; 1851: 218,784… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Northampton — (spr. northämt n), 1) Stadt und Grafschaft im Innern Englands, am schiffbaren Neu, eine alle Stadt mit Häusern aus rötlichen Quadersteinen, zahlreichen Kirchen, unter denen besonders die Rundkirche St. Sepulchre s (von 1127) und die Kirche St.… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Northampton — (spr. nohrthämmt n). 1) Grafschaft im mittlern England, 2598 qkm, (1901) 338.064 E.; meist eben und gut bewässert. – Die Hauptstadt N. am Nen, (1904) 91.946 E.; normann. St. Peterskirche; Schuhfabrikation; Eisen und Messingwarenindustrie; Handel… … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
