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81 trading
commerce m, négoce m;∎ trading on the Stock Exchange was heavy le volume de transactions à la Bourse était importantACCOUNTANCY trading account compte m d'exploitation;trading bank banque f commerciale;trading capital capital m de roulement;trading company entreprise f commerciale;STOCK EXCHANGE trading day jour m de Bourse;British trading estate zone f industrielle;STOCK EXCHANGE trading floor parquet m, corbeille f;STOCK EXCHANGE trading instrument instrument m de négociation, outil m de spéculation;trading licence carte f de commerce;trading loss perte f;STOCK EXCHANGE trading member intermédiaire m négociateur;STOCK EXCHANGE trading month mois m d'échéance;trading nation nation f commerçante;STOCK EXCHANGE trading order ordre m de négociation;trading partner partenaire m commercial;trading profit bénéfice m d'exploitation;ACCOUNTANCY trading and profit and loss account compte de résultat;STOCK EXCHANGE trading range écart m de prix, fourchette f de cotation;∎ prices are stuck in a trading range les prix ne varient pas beaucoup;trading results résultats m pl de l'exercice;STOCK EXCHANGE trading room salle f des changes ou des marchés;STOCK EXCHANGE trading session séance f boursière;trading stamp timbre-prime m, vignette-épargne f;trading standards normes f pl de conformité;British Trading Standards Office ≃ Direction f de la consommation et de la représentation des fraudes;trading volume volume m d'affaires;trading year exercice m comptableThe platinum price moved higher Thursday with one analyst from Merrill Lynch & Co. New York, observing that the price is meandering in the trading range with a slight phasing out of physical metal on the market.
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82 account
n1) счет; запись на счет2) отчет (финансовый)3) брит. период, когда биржевые сделки заключаются с закрытием позиции в расчетный день; амер. запись брокера о сделках, совершенных по поручению клиента4) pl отчетность5) pl бухгалтерские счета6) pl деловые книги
- absorption account
- accumulation account
- adjunct account
- adjustment account
- advance account
- aggregate accounts
- agio account
- annual account
- annual accounts
- appropriation account
- assets account
- ATS account
- balance account
- balancing account
- bank account
- bank giro account
- banking account
- bank's central settlement account
- bear account
- below-line balance account
- bills account
- blocked account
- book account
- budget account
- bull account
- business accounts
- call account
- capital account
- cash account
- certified account
- charge account
- charges account
- checking account
- clearing account
- closed account
- closing account
- combined accounts
- common stock capital accounts
- company's liquidation account
- compound interest account
- consolidated accounts
- consumers account
- control account
- correspondent account
- corresponding accounts
- cost account
- credit account
- creditor's account
- cumulative account
- currency conversion accounts
- current account
- customer account
- debit account
- debtor's account
- deferred account
- demand deposit account
- departmental account
- depreciation account
- depreciation adjustment account
- depreciation reserve account
- detailed account
- discretionary account
- disbursement account
- dividend account
- domestic accounts
- dormant account
- drawing account
- dummy account
- end month account
- end next account
- exchange stabilization account
- expense account
- external account
- external payments account
- extra-budgetary accounts
- final account
- financial account
- fixed assets account
- foreign exchange accounts
- foreign loan and deposit balancing account
- foreign transactions account
- general account
- giro account
- government accounts
- government receipts and expenditures account
- group accounts
- impersonal account
- imprest accounts
- income account
- income statement account
- individual retirement account
- inland account
- interest account
- interest-bearing account
- interest-free account
- interim account
- invalid account
- inventory account
- investment account
- itemized account
- joint account
- liabilities account
- ledger account
- loan account
- loan repayment account
- London Stock Exchange account
- long account
- loro account
- loss and gains account
- manufacturing account
- margin account
- mid-month account
- money market deposit account
- monthly account
- mutual currency account of the International Monetary Fund
- national account
- national income accounts
- nominal account
- nonresident account
- nostro account
- negotiable order of withdrawal account
- NOW account
- numbered account
- off-balance account
- on-call account
- open account
- operating accounts
- outlay accounts
- outstanding account
- over-and-short account
- overdrawn account
- overdue payments account
- overhead accounts
- partnership account
- personal account
- preferred stock capital account
- production account
- profit account
- profit-and-loss account
- proforma account
- property account
- public account
- purchases account
- quarterly account
- quota accounts
- real accounts
- realization account
- reconciled accounts
- registered account
- reserve account
- resident account
- rest of the world account
- retained contribution account
- revenue account
- rubricated account
- running account
- sales account
- savings account
- securities account
- segregated account
- separate account
- settled account
- settlement account
- share account
- short account
- social accounts
- special account
- special fund account
- specified account
- sterling account
- stock account
- stock change account
- stretching account
- subsidiary account
- summary account
- sundry accounts
- super NOW account
- surplus account
- suspense account
- trade payable account
- trade receivable account
- transaction account
- transfer account
- transferable account
- trust account
- uncollective account
- unsettled account
- variance accounts
- vostro account
- yearly account
- account of an agent
- account of charges
- account of disbursements
- account of expenses
- account of overheads
- account of a payee
- account of redraft
- accounts due to customers
- accounts payable
- accounts receivable
- account sales
- for account
- for account and risk
- on account
- adjust an account
- audit accounts
- balance the accounts
- block an account
- charge an account
- charge off an account
- charge to an account
- check an account
- close an account
- credit an account
- debit an account
- draw money from an account
- draw on an account
- draw up an account
- enter to an account
- establish an account
- examine accounts
- falsify an account
- freeze an account
- have an account with a bank
- keep an account
- keep an account with a bank
- maintain an account
- manage an account
- manage an investment account
- make out an account
- open an account
- operate an account
- overdraw an account
- pay an account
- pay into an account
- pay on account
- pay out of the account
- rectify an account
- release a blocked account
- render an account
- service an account
- settle an account
- set up an account
- square accounts
- transfer to an account
- verify an account
- write off an accountEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > account
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83 expansion
n1) рост, развитие, расширение2) увеличение3) экспансия
- balanced expansion
- banking expansion
- business expansion
- business cycle expansion
- capital expenditure expansion
- capital investment expansion
- credit expansion
- cumulative expansion
- cyclical expansion
- delivery expansion
- diagonal expansion
- domestic credit expansion
- economic expansion
- enterprise expansion
- foreign trade expansion
- industrial expansion
- market expansion
- monetary expansion
- output expansion
- rapid expansion
- sales expansion
- territorial expansion
- trade expansion
- vertical expansion of demand
- expansion of the assortment
- expansion of ATM network
- expansion of automatic telling machines network
- expansion of consumption
- expansion of cooperation
- expansion of credit relations
- expansion of currency
- expansion of currency relations
- expansion of demand
- expansion of deposits
- expansion of economic relations
- expansion of an enterprise
- expansion of exchange
- expansion of exports
- expansion of financial transactions
- expansion of imports
- expansion of international cooperation
- expansion of multilateral contacts
- expansion of operations
- expansion of production
- expansion of production volume
- expansion of the range of goods
- expansion of relations
- expansion of sales
- expansion of shadow economy
- expansion of ties
- expansion of trade
- expansion of value
- achieve expansionEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > expansion
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84 method
n
- abbreviated method
- accelerated method
- accounting method
- accretion method
- accrual method
- accrued benefit valuation method
- actual cost method
- actuarial method
- adequate method
- ad hoc method
- advanced method
- advertising method
- age-life method of depreciation
- amortization method
- approximation method
- assessment method
- automated processing method
- backtracking method
- balance method
- batch method of production
- bidding methods
- block booking method
- bookkeeping method
- branch-and-bound method
- by-product method of cost accounting
- calculation method
- capital-intensive method of production
- case study method
- cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting
- common methods of fraud
- completed contract method
- complete elimination method
- composition ratio method
- continual review method
- control method
- conventional method
- conventional production methods
- costing method
- cost-based methods
- cost depletion method
- cost-plus method
- cost-recovery method
- cost-saving method
- credit-scoring method
- critical path method
- declining-balance depreciation method
- depreciation method
- design methods
- direct method of depreciation
- direct method of standardization
- direct write-off method
- discounted cash flow method
- distributing method
- distribution method
- double-declining-balance depreciation method
- double description method
- double entry method
- economical method
- effective method
- efficient method
- estimating method
- evaluation method
- fabrication method
- fifo costing method
- first in, first out costing method
- forecasting method
- general method
- generalized method
- genetic engineering method
- graduation method
- graph method
- gross method
- gross profit method
- index method
- indexing method
- industrial method
- inspection method
- installment sale method
- inventory method
- inventory valuation method
- investment valuation method
- irregular method of write-off
- item-by-item method
- job method of cost accounting
- job order method of cost accounting
- joint product method of cost accounting
- kid-glove methods
- labour-hour method of depreciation
- lean production methods
- least-squares method
- lifo costing method
- last in, first out costing method
- loading method
- machine-hour method
- machine-hour rate depreciation method
- machining method
- mail questionnaire method
- major category method
- manual methods
- manufacturing method
- matching transactions method
- materials moving methods
- net method
- network method
- normal method
- numerical method
- one-factor-at-a-time method
- operating method
- output method of depreciation
- packaging method
- packing method
- patentable method
- patented method
- payback method
- periodic inventory method
- perpetual inventory method
- perturbation method
- physical volume method
- playback method
- point method
- prediction methods
- present value method
- pricing method
- prime cost method
- process method of cost accounting
- processing method
- production methods
- production method of depreciation
- production control method
- profit split method
- progressive methods
- quality control method
- quantitative method
- random observation method
- ranking method
- reducing balance method of depreciation
- reinterview method
- replacement method of depreciation
- resale price method
- retirement method of depreciation
- risk management method
- safe method
- sample method
- sampling method
- saturation method
- scheduling method
- scientific method
- searching method
- sequential method
- service output depreciation method
- short method
- simplex method
- sinking fund method of depreciation
- special method
- standard method
- statistical method
- stochastic approximation method
- straight line method
- straight-line method of depreciation
- straight line depreciation method
- straight-line flow method
- sum of the digits method of depreciation
- sum of the years' digits method of depreciation
- systematical method
- table method
- tally sheet method
- taxation method
- teaching methods
- team development method
- test method
- testing method
- total inventory method
- trial and error method
- turnover method
- unit method of depreciation
- unit of production method of depreciation
- unit of production depreciation method
- valuation method
- variational method
- working method
- working hours method of depreciation
- workshop method
- method of accounting
- method of amortization
- method of analysis
- method of assessment
- method of average
- method of calculation
- method of characteristics
- method of collaboration
- method of comparison
- methods of construction
- method of conveyance
- method of cooperation
- method of delivery
- method of depreciation
- method of designated routes
- method of display
- method of distribution
- methods of dodging taxes
- method of estimation
- method of evaluation
- method of exclusion
- method of feasible directions
- method of finance
- method of financing
- method of forwarding
- method of identification
- method of indirect export
- method of indirect import
- method of inspection
- method of leading averages
- method of leading variables
- method of levying duties
- methods of management
- method of manufacture
- method of operation
- method of ordering
- method of packaging
- method of packing
- method of payment
- method of planning
- method of production
- method of promotion
- method of quality determination
- methods of regulation
- method of reimbursement
- method of sales promotion
- method of sampling
- method of settlement
- method of shipment
- method of shipping
- method of smoothing
- method of solution
- method of stowage
- method of stowing
- method of successive approximation
- methods of trading
- methods of training
- method of transportation
- method of working
- cost or market whichever is lower method of inventory valuation
- adopt a method
- apply a method
- develop a method
- employ a method
- follow a method
- introduce a method
- practise a method
- realize a method
- repeal a method
- revise a method
- work out a methodEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > method
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85 eurocurrency
n -
86 method
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87 bear
1. сущ.1) общ. медведь2) бирж. "медведь" (участник фондовой (валютной или товарной) биржи, играющий на понижение; старается продавать финансовые активы, чтобы затем купить их по более дешевой цене)Syn:Ant:See:
2. гл.1) бирж. играть на понижение (проводить операции в расчете на понижение конъюнктуры; это означает отказ от покупки и/или продажу активов с целью с целью избежания потерь от ожидаемого снижения их цен)Syn:Ant:bull, operate for a rise, buy for a rise, sell a bull, speculate for the advance, enter into bull transactions, speculate for rise, go a bull, operate for a rise, go for a rise, be long, be long of the market2) бирж. (считать, что конъюнктура понизится)The new English-Russian dictionary of financial markets > bear
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88 Chicago Stock Exchange
сокр. CHX, CSE бирж., амер. Чикагская фондовая биржа, Фондовая биржа Чикаго (основана в 1882 г.; одна из крупнейших в мире; членами биржи являются около 200 брокерских контор; торгует ценными бумагами 3,9 тыс. компаний (самая крупная по этому показателю в мире))See:The new English-Russian dictionary of financial markets > Chicago Stock Exchange
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89 income
доход; прибыль• -
90 terminal
1. n конец, граница2. n конечный слог, конечная буква, конечное слово3. n грам. окончание4. n экзамен в конце семестра или четверти5. n ж. -д. конечный пункт; конечная станция; пункт выгрузки6. n ж. -д. плата за погрузку товаров на конечной станции7. n ж. -д. перевалочный пункт8. n ж. -д. амер. вокзал9. n ж. -д. воен. конечный пункт связи10. n ж. -д. воен. оконечный аппарат11. n ж. -д. эл. клемма, зажим; ввод; вывод12. n ж. -д. архит. орнаментальное концевое украшение13. n ж. -д. вчт. терминал; оконечное устройство14. a конечный, терминальный; заключительный, последний; завершающийterminal point — конечный пункт; конечная остановка или станция
terminal home — последний приют, последнее убежище; богадельня
15. a мед. терминальный; смертельный; предсмертныйterminal cancer — неизлечимый рак; последняя стадия рака
16. a периодический; периодически повторяющийся17. a семестровый18. a сессионный19. a ограниченный сроком; срочный20. a предельный21. a бот. верхушечныйСинонимический ряд:1. deadly (adj.) deadly; fatal; lethal; mortal2. last (adj.) closing; concluding; eventual; final; hindmost; lag; last; latest; latter; rearmost; terminating; ultimate3. computer screen (noun) cathode ray tube; color monitor; computer monitor; computer screen; CRT; data terminal; monitor; monochrome monitor; screen4. depot (noun) depot; station; terminus5. end (noun) boundary; conclusion; end; end-of the road; extremity; last stop; limit; terminationАнтонимический ряд: -
91 dealing
noun ((usually in plural) contact (often in business), bargaining, agreement etc made (between two or more people or groups): fair/honest dealing; dealing on the Stock Market; I have no dealings with him.) relations, transactions -
92 heavy
A ○ nB adj1 gen, Phys ( having weight) [weight, person, load, bag, parcel] lourd ; to be too heavy to lift être trop lourd à soulever or pour qu'on puisse le soulever ; to make sth heavier alourdir qch ; he's 5 kg heavier than me il pèse 5 kilos de plus que moi ; how heavy are you? combien pèses-tu? ; to be heavy with young [animal] être pleine ;2 ( thick) [fabric, coat] lourd ; [shoes, frame] gros/grosse (before n) ; [line, feature, face] épais/épaisse ; in heavy type en caractères gras ; of heavy build solidement bâti, de forte carrure ; to wear heavy make-up se maquiller beaucoup, être très maquillé ;3 Mil, Ind [machinery] gros/grosse (before n), lourd ; [artillery] lourd ; ‘heavy plant crossing’ ‘traversée d'engins’ ;4 fig (weighty, ponderous) [movement, step] pesant, lourd ; [irony, humour, responsibility, sigh] lourd ; my legs feel heavy j'ai les jambes lourdes ; his eyelids began to get heavy ses paupières devenaient lourdes ; with a heavy heart le cœur gros ; to be a heavy sleeper avoir le sommeil lourd ; a heavy thud un bruit sourd ; a heavy blow un coup violent ; ‘you told me,’ he said with heavy emphasis ‘c'est toi qui me l'a dit,’ dit-il en insistant lourdement ; the going is heavy le terrain est lourd ; the interview was heavy going (slow, hard work) l'interview était laborieuse ;5 ( abundant) [traffic] dense ; [gunfire] nourri ; [bleeding, period] abondant ; [charge, investment] important ; to be a heavy drinker/smoker boire/fumer beaucoup ; security was heavy d'importantes mesures de sécurité avaient été prises ; heavy trading on the stock market beaucoup de transactions à la Bourse ; to have a heavy workload avoir beaucoup de travail ; to be heavy on ( use a lot of) [person] avoir la main lourde sur [ingredient, perfume] ; [machine] consommer beaucoup de [fuel] ; ( contain a lot of) comporter beaucoup de [humour, ingredient] ;6 ( severe) [defeat, loss, debt] lourd ; [attack, bombing] intense ; [prison sentence, penalty, fine] sévère ; [cuts, criticism] fort (before n) ; [cold] gros/grosse (before n) ; heavy casualties un nombre élevé de victimes ; heavy fighting de violents combats ;8 Meteorol [rain, frost] fort ; [fog, mist] épais/épaisse ; [snow, dew] abondant ; [cloud] lourd ; [sky] chargé, lourd ; it's very heavy today il fait très lourd aujourd'hui ; to capsize in heavy seas chavirer par grosse mer ;10 (busy, packed) [day, month, timetable, programme] chargé ;11 (difficult, serious) [book, paper, film, lecture] ardu ; this article is ou makes heavy reading cet article n'est pas d'une lecture facile ;12 ( loaded) to be heavy with [air, branch, atmosphere] être chargé de [perfume, flowers, resentment] ; a remark heavy with meaning une remarque lourde de sens.things started to get heavy ○ ( threatening) ça a commencé à mal tourner ; (serious, intellectual) ça a commencé à devenir un peu ardu ; ( sexual) ça a commencé à devenir lourd ○. -
93 futures
futures ['fju:tʃəz]Stock Exchange (contracts) contrats mpl à terme; (transactions) opérations fpl à terme; (securities) titres mpl ou valeurs fpl à terme;∎ sugar futures sucre m (acheté) à terme►► futures contract contrat m à terme;futures exchange marché m à terme;futures market marché m à terme;futures option option f sur contrats à terme;futures and options contrats mpl à terme et options;futures and options fund fonds m investissant dans des contrats à terme et des options;futures order ordre m à terme;futures trading negociations fpl à terme;futures transaction opération f à terme;future value valeur f capitalisée -
94 over-the-counter
(a) (medicines) vendu sans ordonnance, en vente libre►► over-the-counter market marché m hors cote, marché m des transactions hors séanceUn panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > over-the-counter
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95 street
street [stri:t]1 nounrue f;∎ a street of houses une rue résidentielle;∎ the whole street knows about it toute la rue est au courant;∎ to put or to turn sb out into the street mettre qn à la rue;∎ to be on the street or streets (as prostitute) faire le trottoir; (homeless person) être à la rue;∎ to take to the streets (protestors) descendre dans la rue;∎ to walk the streets (as prostitute) faire le trottoir ou familiar le tapin; (from idleness) battre le pavé, flâner dans les rues; (in search) faire les rues;∎ they walked the streets looking for her ils ont parcouru la ville à pied à sa recherche;∎ humorous that'll keep him off the streets! ça l'empêchera de faire des bêtises!;∎ that's right up his street! (competence) c'est tout à fait son rayon ou dans ses cordes!; (interest) c'est tout à fait son truc!(noises) de la rue; (musician) des rues∎ familiar to be streets ahead of sb dépasser qn de loin□ ;∎ she's streets ahead of the rest of the class elle dépasse largement ou de loin le reste de la classe, elle est largement en tête de la classe;∎ they're streets apart in the way they think ils ne partagent pas du tout les mêmes opinions►► British old-fashioned street Arab gamin(e) m,f ou gosse mf des rues;street art peintures fpl murales (dans la rue);street atlas plan m de la ville;British street café café m avec terrasse;∎ we had breakfast at a street café nous avons pris le petit déjeuner à la terrasse d'un café;familiar street cred, street credibility image f cool ou branchée;∎ she thinks that the leather jacket gives her more street cred elle trouve que son blouson en cuir fait très branché ou lui donne l'air encore plus cool;∎ this won't do much for my street cred ça va craindre pour mon image de marque;street cry cri m de colporteur;∎ the street cries of old Paris le cri des colporteurs du vieux Paris;Stock Exchange street dealing transactions fpl hors Bourse;street directory plan m de la ville;street door porte f (qui donne) sur la rue, porte f d'entrée;street fighting combats mpl de rue;street furniture mobilier m urbain;street guide plan m de la ville;street hawker colporteur(euse) m,f;street level rez-de-chaussée m inv;∎ below street level au sous-sol;street lighting éclairage m public;∎ the street lighting comes on at sunset on allume la lumière dans les rues au coucher du soleil;street map plan m de la ville;street market marché m en plein air ou à ciel ouvert; Stock Exchange marché m hors Bourse;street musician musicien(enne) m,f des rues;street organ orgue m de Barbarie;street party = fête de rue organisée pour célébrer un événement;street person SDF mf;street photographer photostoppeur(euse) m,f;street plan plan m de la ville;Stock Exchange street price cours m hors Bourse; (of drugs) prix m à la revente;street theatre théâtre m de rue ou de foire;street trader marchand(e) m,f ambulant(e);street trading vente f ambulante;old-fashioned street urchin gamin(e) m,f ou gosse mf des rues;street value (of drugs) valeur f marchande;American street vendor marchand(e) m,f ambulant(e) -
96 Asian Currency Unit
Fina bookkeeping unit used for recording transactions made by approved financial institutions operating in the Asian Dollar market.Abbr. ACU -
97 exchange rate risk
Finthe risk of suffering loss on converting another currency to the currency of a company’s own country.EXAMPLEExchange rate risks can be arranged into three primary categories. (1.) Economic exposure: operating costs will rise due to changes in rates and make a product uncompetitive in the world market. Little can be done to reduce this routine business risk that every enterprise must endure. (2.) Translation exposure: the impact of currency exchange rates will reduce a company’s earnings and weaken its balance sheet. To reduce translation exposure, experienced corporate fund managers use a range of techniques known as currency hedging. (3.) Transaction exposure: there will be an unfavorable move in a specific currency between the time when a contract is agreed and the time it is completed, or between the time when a lending or borrowing is initiated and the time the funds are repaid. Transaction exposure can be eased by factoring: transferring title to foreign accounts receivable to a third-party factoring house.Although there is no definitive way of forecasting exchange rates, largely because the world’s economies and financial markets are evolving so rapidly, the relationships between exchange rates, interest rates, and inflation rates can serve as leading indicators of changes in risk. These relationships are as follows. Purchasing Power Parity theory (PPP): while it can be expressed differently, the most common expression links the changes in exchange rates to those in relative price indices in two countries:Rate of change of exchange rate = Difference in inflation ratesInternational Fisher Effect (IFE): this holds that an interest-rate differential will exist only if the exchange rate is expected to change in such a way that the advantage of the higher interest rate is offset by the loss on the foreign exchange transactions. Practically speaking, the IFE implies that while an investor in a low-interest country can convert funds into the currency of a high-interest country and earn a higher rate, the gain (the interest rate differential) will be offset by the expected loss due to foreign exchange rate changes. The relationship is stated as:Expected rate of change of the exchange rate = Interest-rate differentialUnbiased Forward Rate Theory: this holds that the forward exchange rate is the best unbiased estimate of the expected future spot exchange rate.Expected exchange rate = Forward exchange rate -
98 Halske, Johann Georg
[br]b. 30 July 1814 Hamburg, Germanyd. 18 March 1890 Berlin, Germany[br]German engineer who introduced precision methods into the manufacture of electrical equipment; co-founder of Siemens \& Halske.[br]Halske moved to Berlin when he was a young man, and in 1844 was working for the university, at first independently and then jointly with F. Bötticher, developing and building electric medical appliances. In 1845 he met Werner von Siemens and together they became founder members of the Berlin Physics Society. It was in Halske's workshop that Siemens, assisted by the skill of the former, was able to work out his inventions in telegraphy. In 1847 the two men entered into partnership to manufacture telegraph equipment, laying the foundations of the successful firm of Siemens \& Halske. At the outset, before Werner von Siemens gave up his army career, Halske acted as the sole manager of the firm and was also involved in testing the products. Inventions they developed included electric measuring instruments and railway signalling equipment, and they installed many telegraph lines, notably those for the Russian Government. When gutta-percha became available on the market, the two men soon developed an extrusion process for applying this new material to copper conductors. To the disappointment of Halske, who was opposed to mass production, the firm introduced series production and piece wages in 1857. The expansion of the business, particularly into submarine cable laying, caused some anxiety to Halske, who left the firm on amicable terms in 1867. He then worked for a few years developing the Arts and Crafts Museum in Berlin and became a town councillor.[br]Further ReadingS. von Weihr and H.Götzeler, 1983, The Siemens Company. Its Historical Role in the Progress of Electrical Engineering 1847–1983, Berlin (provides a full account).Neue Deutsche Biographie, 1966, Vol. 7, Berlin, pp. 572–3.S.von Weiher, 1972–3, "The Siemens brothers, pioneers of the electrical age in Europe", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 45:1–11.GW -
99 ATC
- фильтр для улавливания проскока анионита
- располагаемая транзитная мощность
- запирающий воздух
- доступная пропускная способность
- возможность передачи ATM
- адиабатный тороидальный компрессор
- автоматическое переключение отводов обмотки (трансформатора)
- автоматическая температурная компенсация
автоматическая температурная компенсация
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[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
автоматическое переключение отводов обмотки (трансформатора)
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[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
адиабатный тороидальный компрессор
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
возможность передачи ATM
(МСЭ-Т Н.323)
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]Тематики
- электросвязь, основные понятия
EN
доступная пропускная способность
ATC
Трансграничная мощность по передаче электроэнергии, которая доступна для коммерческих сделок и которая обычно распределяется среди участников рынка на аукционах.
[Англо-русский глосcарий энергетических терминов ERRA]EN
available transmission capacity
ATC
Cross-border electricity transmission capacity that is available for commercial transactions and usually allocated to market players in auctions.
[Англо-русский глосcарий энергетических терминов ERRA]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
располагаемая транзитная мощность
располагаемая пропускная способность
—
[В.А.Семенов. Англо-русский словарь по релейной защите]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
фильтр для улавливания проскока анионита
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ATC
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100 gross national product
валовой национальный продукт
совокупный общественный продукт
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[[Англо-русский словарь сокращений транспортно-экспедиторских и коммерческих терминов и выражений ФИАТА]]
валовой национальный продукт
Макроэкономический показатель, выражающий совокупную стоимость конечных товаров и услуг в рыночных ценах за некоторый период, обычно — год. Исчисляется, во-первых, как стоимость потребленных населением товаров и услуг, государственных закупок, а также капитальных вложений и сальдо платежного баланса, во-вторых как общий доход всех граждан данной нации, включая доход от принадлежащей им собственности за границей (ср. Валовой внутренний продукт,, который таких доходов не учитывает). Номинальный ВНП — стоимость всех произведенных товаров и услуг в экономике в данный период, исчисленная в ценах этого периода. Реальный ВНП — стоимость всех произведенных в экономике товаров и услуг, исчисленная в ценах фиксированного базового года. Специальный индекс, используемый для учета изменения цен на блага и услуги при исчислении ВНП, называется дефлятором ВНП (отношение номинального ВНП к реальному). ВНП может определяться как 1) созданный, 2) распределенный (на стадии формирования доходов) и 3) использованный (используемый). Напр., созданный ВНП определяется как сумма валовой добавленной стоимости всех отраслей народного хозяйства: он не включает стоимость израсходованных сырья, материалов, топлива, энергии и др. материальных ресурсов, а также оказанных хозяйственным единицам услуг. Для сопоставления ВНП с показателем национального дохода, который был принят в. социалистических странах, из него исключают стоимость непроизводственных услуг и амортизацию. Показатель ВНП можно рассчитать на основе ВВП, добавив к последнему (в рыночных ценах) оплату труда, доходы от собственности и предпринимательский доход, полученные из «остального мира», и вычтя соответствующие потоки, выплаченные «остальному миру». См. таблицу к статье Национальные счета. Ср.Валовой национальный доход, ВНД.
[ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
валовый национальный продукт
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
gross national product
Gross domestic product adjusted for foreign transactions, i.e. to the figure for Gross Domestic Product must be added any income accruing to residents of the country arising from investment and other factor earnings abroad and from it must be deducted any income earned in the domestic market by factors owned by foreigners abroad. (Source: GOOD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > gross national product
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