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81 Fokker, Anthony Herman Gerard

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

[br]

b. 6 April 1890 Kediri, Java, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia)

d. 23 December 1939 New York, USA

[br]

Dutch designer of German fighter aircraft during the First World War and of many successful airliners during the 1920s and 1930s.

[br]

Anthony Fokker was born in Java, where his Dutch father had a coffee plantation. The family returned to the Netherlands and, after schooling, young Anthony went to Germany to study aeronautics. With the aid of a friend he built his first aeroplane, the Spin, in 1910: this was a monoplane capable of short hops. By 1911 Fokker had improved the Spin and gained a pilot's licence. In 1912 he set up a company called Fokker Aeroplanbau at Johannistal, outside Berlin, and a series of monoplanes followed.

When war broke out in 1914 Fokker offered his designs to both sides, and the Germans accepted them. His E I monoplane of 1915 caused a sensation with its manoeuvrability and forward-firing machine gun. Fokker and his collaborators improved on the French deflector system introduced by Raymond Saulnier by fitting an interrupter gear which synchronized the machine gun to fire between the blades of the rotating propeller. The Fokker Dr I triplane and D VII biplane were also outstanding German fighters of the First World War. Fokker's designs were often the work of an employee who received little credit: nevertheless, Fokker was a gifted pilot and a great organizer. After the war, Fokker moved back to the Netherlands and set up the Fokker Aircraft Works in Amsterdam. In 1922, however, he emigrated to the USA and established the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation in New Jersey. His first significant success there came the following year when one of his T-2 monoplanes became the first aircraft to fly non-stop across the USA, from New York to San Diego. He developed a series of civil aircraft using the well-proven method of construction he used for his fighters: fuselages made from steel tubes and thick, robust wooden wings. Of these, probably the most famous was the F VII/3m, a high-wing monoplane with three engines and capable of carrying about ten passengers. From 1925 the F VII/3m airliner was used worldwide and made many record-breaking flights, such as Lieutenant-Commander Richard Byrd's first flight over the North Pole in 1926 and Charles Kingsford-Smith's first transpacific flight in 1928. By this time Fokker had lost interest in military aircraft and had begun to see flight as a means of speeding up global communications and bringing people together. His last years were spent in realizing this dream, and this was reflected in his concentration on the design and production of passenger aircraft.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Royal Netherlands Aeronautical Society Gold Medal 1932.

Bibliography

1931, The Flying Dutchman: The Life of Anthony Fokker, London: Routledge \& Sons (an interesting, if rather biased, autobiography).

Further Reading

A.R.Weyl, 1965, Fokker: The Creative Years, London; reprinted 1988 (a very detailed account of Fokker's early work).

Thijs Postma, 1979, Fokker: Aircraft Builders to the World, Holland; 1980, English edn, London (a well-illustrated history of Fokker and the company).

Henri Hegener, 1961, Fokker: The Man and His Aircraft, Letchworth, Herts.

JDS / CM

Biographical history of technology > Fokker, Anthony Herman Gerard
82 Hopkinson, John

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Public utilities

[br]

b. 27 July 1849 Manchester, England

d. 27 August 1898 Petite Dent de Veisivi, Switzerland

[br]

English mathematician and electrical engineer who laid the foundations of electrical machine design.

[br]

After attending Owens College, Manchester, Hopkinson was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1867 to read for the Mathematical Tripos. An appointment in 1872 with the lighthouse department of the Chance Optical Works in Birmingham directed his attention to electrical engineering. His most noteworthy contribution to lighthouse engineering was an optical system to produce flashing lights that distinguished between individual beacons. His extensive researches on the dielectric properties of glass were recognized when he was elected to a Fellowship of the Royal Society at the age of 29. Moving to London in 1877 he became established as a consulting engineer at a time when electricity supply was about to begin on a commercial scale. During the remainder of his life, Hopkinson's researches resulted in fundamental contributions to electrical engineering practice, dynamo design and alternating current machine theory. In making a critical study of the Edison dynamo he developed the principle of the magnetic circuit, a concept also arrived at by Gisbert Kapp around the same time. Hopkinson's improvement of the Edison dynamo by reducing the length of the field magnets almost doubled its output. In 1890, in addition to-his consulting practice, Hopkinson accepted a post as the first Professor of Electrical Engineering and Head of the Siemens laboratory recently established at King's College, London. Although he was not involved in lecturing, the position gave him the necessary facilities and staff and student assistance to continue his researches. Hopkinson was consulted on many proposals for electric traction and electricity supply, including schemes in London, Manchester, Liverpool and Leeds. He also advised Mather and Platt when they were acting as contractors for the locomotives and generating plant for the City and South London tube railway. As early as 1882 he considered that an ideal method of charging for the supply of electricity should be based on a two-part tariff, with a charge related to maximum demand together with a charge for energy supplied. Hopkinson was one the foremost expert witnesses of his day in patent actions and was himself the patentee of over forty inventions, of which the three-wire system of distribution and the series-parallel connection of traction motors were his most successful. Jointly with his brother Edward, John Hopkinson communicated the outcome of his investigations to the Royal Society in a paper entitled "Dynamo Electric Machinery" in 1886. In this he also described the later widely used "back to back" test for determining the characteristics of two identical machines. His interest in electrical machines led him to more fundamental research on magnetic materials, including the phenomenon of recalescence and the disappearance of magnetism at a well-defined temperature. For his work on the magnetic properties of iron, in 1890 he was awarded the Royal Society Royal Medal. He was a member of the Alpine Club and a pioneer of rock climbing in Britain; he died, together with three of his children, in a climbing accident.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1878. Royal Society Royal Medal 1890. President, Institution of Electrical Engineers 1890 and 1896.

Bibliography

7 July 1881, British patent no. 2,989 (series-parallel control of traction motors). 27 July 1882, British patent no. 3,576 (three-wire distribution).

1901, Original Papers by the Late J.Hopkinson, with a Memoir, ed. B.Hopkinson, 2 vols, Cambridge.

Further Reading

J.Greig, 1970, John Hopkinson Electrical Engineer, London: Science Museum and HMSO (an authoritative account).

—1950, "John Hopkinson 1849–1898", Engineering 169:34–7, 62–4.

GW

Biographical history of technology > Hopkinson, John
83 Leschot, Georges Auguste

SUBJECT AREA: Horology, Mining and extraction technology

[br]

b. 24 March 1800 Geneva, Switzerland

d. 4 February 1884 Geneva, Switzerland

[br]

Swiss clockmaker, inventor of diamond drilling.

[br]

By about 1843, Leschot, who was renowned for designing machines to produce parts of clocks on an industrialized scale, had gathered that the fine, deep lines he found on an Egyptian red porphyry plate must have been cut by diamonds. He thus resurrected a technology that had been largely forgotten over the centuries, when in 1862 his son, who was engaged in constructing a railway line in Italy, was confronted with the problems of tunnelling through hard rock. In Paris he developed a drilling machine consisting of a casing that rotated in a similar way to the American rope drilling method. The crown of the machine was mounted with eight black diamonds, and inside the casing a stream of water circulated continuously to flush out the mud.

He took out his first patent in France in 1862, and followed it with further ones in many European countries and in America. He continued to concentrate on his watchmaker's profession and left the rights to his patents to his son. It was Leschot's ingenious idea of utilizing diamonds for drilling hard rock that was later applied in different mining processes. It influenced a series of further developments in many countries, including those of Alfred Brandt and Major Beaumont in England. In particular, the fact that the hollow casing produced a complete core was of importance for the increasing amount of petroleum prospecting in Pennsylvania after Edwin Laurentine Drake's find of 1859, where M.C.Bullock sunk the first deep well (200 m) in the world by diamond drilling in 1870. The efforts of Per Anton Crælius in Sweden made diamond drilling a success worldwide.

[br]

Further Reading

D.Colladon, 1884, "Notice sur les inventions mécaniques de M.G.Leschot, horloger", Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles 3, XI (1):297–313 (discusses the influences of Leschot's invention on other engineers in Europe).

D.Hoffmann, 1962, "Die Erfindung der Diamantbohrmaschine vor 100 Jahren", Der Anschnitt 14(1):15–19 (contains detailed biographical outlines).

WK

Biographical history of technology > Leschot, Georges Auguste
84 сеток

net

– метод сеток

автомат для навивки сеток — grid lathe

автомат навивки сеток — grid machine

метод перспективных сеток — grid method

Русско-английский технический словарь > сеток
85 давать возможность

. обеспечивать возможность; позволять

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The effect of Venus on artificial probes has given astronomers the chance to calculate...

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These vectorlike properties let us derive an expression that...

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This relation provides (or presents) a way (or a possibility, or a means) of estimating the actual savings.

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This enables the operator to detect changes in amine concentrations.

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This method enables one (or us) to solve the Hitchcock problem. The testing machine makes possible testing (or makes it possible to test) large components.

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Knowledge of the numerical values of and offers (or furnishes) a means (or a way) of determining...

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These curves permit the life of bearings to be accurately specified.

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A sharp peak due to stretching of the aldehydic C-H serves to differentiate it from other types of carbonyl compound.

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Alpha emission provides a way for an unstable nucleus to lose two protons and two neutrons simultaneously.

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These criteria provide the means of classifying (or furnish an opportunity to classify) the coal by rank.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > давать возможность
86 не пригоден

. оказываться несостоятельным

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These sulphides are unsuitable for treatment by the ordinary "hypo" process.

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Pots were totally unsuited for machine manufacture of glass containers.

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Such steels are completely unsuitable in many cases.

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This technique will not work for the Earth.

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This method would never do for moving vehicles.

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A dish-shaped reflector is ruled out for X-rays.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > не пригоден
87 основы

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This chapter discusses the basics (or elements, or rudiments) of machine control.

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The essentials of these radio systems are discussed in this article.

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The foundations of mathematics...

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In earlier papers the author has explained the fundamentals of such a method.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > основы
88 предусматривать

. обеспечивать; следует предусмотреть; устанавливать

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An exceptional degree of accuracy has been designed (or built) into this machine.

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Future plans call (or provide) for an additional filter.

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The new system contemplates (or envisages) mining primary ore.

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Equation 8 incorporates (or includes) the normal losses.

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Usually air spaces were allowed between adjacent coils.

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This method involves increasing the pressure of the superheated steam.

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It is necessary to provide a concrete lining.

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Another scheme called for injecting thin trails of smoke into the airstream of a wind tunnel.

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These superb valves were designed into the engine by our engineers.

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The treaty provides that the U.S. shall deliver to Mexico...

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > предусматривать
89 при

. во время; встречающийся при; по мере; после

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I (α, φ)₂₀₀ is the intensity of the 200 reflection at a given α and φ.

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The engine develops 340 hp at 1900 rpm.

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For a given centre distance, the length of a crossed belt will be a constant.

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In starting up, the starter should be set at...

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Certain precautions must be taken to obtain satisfactory results in using this equipment.

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On ignition the ingredients must vaporize.

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On interruption of the electric current the valve closes instantly.

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The temperature is read (up)on entering and leaving the water jacket.

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Bentonite shrinks upon drying.

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When added to aluminium, germanium produces a better hardening effect than silicon.

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When employing these compounds as fuel additives, we...

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When tuning a system for optimum performance one must...

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With an overall length of 18 ft the machine weighs 15 tons.

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The compressor operates with one suction valve open.

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Both shot core drilling and rotary drilling methods are used in shaft drilling.

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Given comparable costs for raw materials, the manufacturing cost is determined largely by the weight of the component.

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The breakdown of bias voltage decreases by a few tenths of a millivolt for every °C increase in temperature.

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With the proper combination of resistors and capacitors, the voltage will be...

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With (or In) this method, the amount of material to be removed can be closely controlled.

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Given the extraordinary resolution of the Space Telescope, it is possible to detect...

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The conductance increases linearly with the addition of H⁺.

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The lower inertia of the cone clutch elements permits rapid reversal with low energy loss.

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In moving through the tube the atoms collide with...

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The potential energy is taken as zero for (or as, or with, or when) a → ∞,...

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The equation is useful comparing diffusion currents from electrodes with different capillary characteristics.

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Neutron stars are apparently born the explosions of supernovas.

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Such a function is real for real z.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > при
90 метод начисления амортизации на один час машинного времени

Economy: machine-hour rate depreciation method

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > метод начисления амортизации на один час машинного времени
91 метод отнесения накладных расходов пропорционально затраченным машино-часам

Accounting: machine hour overhead recovery method

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > метод отнесения накладных расходов пропорционально затраченным машино-часам
92 метод распределения накладных расходов пропорционально затраченным машино-часам

Economy: machine-hour method

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > метод распределения накладных расходов пропорционально затраченным машино-часам
93 метод распределения пропорционально затраченным машино-часам

Economy: machine-hour method

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > метод распределения пропорционально затраченным машино-часам
94 способ посадки с помощью посадочной машины

Makarov: machine-transplanter method

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > способ посадки с помощью посадочной машины
95 образец

assay, form, example, exponent, model, pattern, (напр. при редактировании данных) picture, ( для испытаний) piece, probe, reference, sample, shape, specimen, standard, template

* * *
образе́ц м.
1. (экземпляр, представляющий класс предметов) specimen

подтеня́ть образе́ц ( для усиления контраста в микроскопии) — stain a (microscopic) specimen

2. (часть массы, представляющая свойства целого) sample

наруша́ть образе́ц [структу́ру образца́] — disturb the sample; горн. disturb the core

отбира́ть образцы́ — take [obtain] samples

получа́ть образцы́ коло́нковым буре́нием — take cores [do coring] by the rotary method

прока́ливать образе́ц — calcine [ignite] the sample

абсолю́тно сухо́й образе́ц — oven-dry sample

возду́шно-сухо́й образе́ц — air-dry sample

образе́ц для испыта́ний — test piece, test specimen

выреза́ть [отреза́ть] образе́ц для испыта́ний от … — cut (out) a test piece from …

зажима́ть образе́ц для испыта́ний — clamp the test piece

подверга́ть образе́ц для испыта́ний растяже́нию — pull the test piece

образе́ц для испыта́ний в фо́рме (двойно́й) лопа́тки — dumb-bell test piece

образе́ц для испыта́ний, гантелеви́дный — dumb-bell test piece

образе́ц для испыта́ний, надре́занный ( для испытания на ударную вязкость) — notched (impact-test) specimen, notched (impact-test) bar

образе́ц для испыта́ний на круче́ние — torsion-test specimen, torsion-test piece

образе́ц для испыта́ний на растяже́ние — tension specimen, tension test piece

образе́ц для испыта́ний на сжа́тие — compression specimen, compression test piece

образе́ц для испыта́ний на срез — shear-test specimen, shear-test piece

образе́ц для испыта́ний, нату́рный — full-scale specimen

образе́ц для испыта́ний на уда́рную про́чность — impact-test specimen, impact-test piece

образе́ц для испыта́нии, пло́ский — test flat bar

о́пытный образе́ц ( первое спроектированное изделие в металле) — prototype (part, machine)

образе́ц поро́д(ы) — rock sample; ( керн) core

представи́тельный образе́ц

1. representative specimen

2. representative sample

промы́шленный образе́ц — production prototype

образе́ц сырья́ для промы́шленных испыта́ний (процесса, оборудования) — trial consignment of raw material

утверждё́нный образе́ц — standard piece

* * *

specimen

Русско-английский политехнический словарь > образец
96 Lochkartenablage

Lochkartenablage
filing of punched cards;
• Lochkartenbuchhaltung punched-cards accounting;
• Lochkartenerfahrung punched-card experience;
• Lochkartenmaschine punched-card machine;
• Lochkartenprogrammierung punched-card program(m)ing;
• Lochkartenverfahren punched-card method;
• Lochkartenzuführung punch feed.

Business german-english dictionary > Lochkartenablage
97 Verpackungsabteilung

Verpackungsabteilung
packing (packaging) department;
• Verpackungsanweisungen packaging instructions;
• Verpackungsart type of packing, package;
• Verpackungsbeilage package insert (US);
• Verpackungsbestimmungen packaging (packing) regulations;
• Verpackungsbetrieb packing plant;
• auf Exportversand spezialisierter Verpackungsbetrieb export packer;
• Verpackungsdatum date of packing;
• Verpackungsdienst contract packaging;
• Verpackungserfordernisse packaging requirements;
• Verpackungsfachmann packaging engineer (US);
• Verpackungsfehler insufficient packing;
• Verpackungsfolie packaging film;
• Verpackungsgewicht tare, dead weight;
• reines Verpackungsgewicht actual (real) tare;
• Verpackungsgewicht bestimmen to ascertain (allow for, state) the tare;
• Verpackungsindustrie packaging industry;
• Verpackungskosten packing charges, cost of packing, packaging costs;
• Verpackungskosten abziehen to allow for the tare;
• Verpackungsleinwand bale cloth;
• Verpackungsmaschine parcel(l)ing machine;
• Verpackungsmaterial packaging (US) (wrapping) material, packaging, packing [material], boxing, bagging;
• Verpackungsmuster package design;
• Verpackungsnormen package-size standards;
• Verpackungspflicht obligation to provide packing;
• Verpackungsraum packing (wrapping, shipping, US) room, packery;
• Verpackungsrichtlinien packaging classifications;
• Verpackungsschutz protection of labels;
• Verpackungssektor packaging sector;
• Verpackungsspezialist packaging consultant;
• Verpackungssystem method of packing;
• Verpackungstechnik packaging engineering (US);
• Verpackungstest package test;
• Verpackungsvorschriften packaging instructions;
• Verpackungsweise type of packing;
• Verpackungszettel packing slip;
• schlechter Verpackungszustand bad (poor) packing.

Business german-english dictionary > Verpackungsabteilung
98 usado

adj.

1 used, second-hand, worn, outworn.

2 used, utilized.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: usar.

* * *

usado

► participio pasado

1→ link=usar usar

► adjetivo

1 (gastado) worn out, old

2 (de segunda mano) second-hand, used

■ un coche usado a second-hand car

* * *

(f. - usada)

adj.

1) used

2) worn

* * *

ADJ

1) (=no nuevo) [coche] second-hand, used; [televisor, ropa] second-hand; [sello, billete] used

2) (=gastado) [pila] flat; [ropa, disco] worn-out

un diccionario muy usado — a well-thumbed dictionary

* * *

- da adjetivo

a) [ser] ( de segunda mano) secondhand

se venden coches usados — used cars for sale

b) [estar] (gastado, viejo) worn

* * *

= popular, thumbed, spent.

Ex. Although the fifteenth edition met with some success, it was not generally popular.

Ex. This is a very important and useful volume that is certain to become one of the most thumbed references of those who concern themselves with British history.

Ex. If you repeatedly deadhead - trim off the spent flowers - the plant goes into overdrive.

----

* algo ya muy conocido y usado = old nag.

* coche usado = used car, second-hand car.

* demasiado usado = overworked, overused [over-used].

* estar muy usado = be well thumbed.

* frecuentemente usado = oft-used.

* menos usado = less used.

* mercadillo de prendas usadas = rummage sale.

* muy usado = well-used [well used], heavily used, much-used.

* negocio de venta de coches usados = used car business.

* palabras usadas = wording.

* ropa usada = second-hand clothes, left-off, cast-off, hand-me-down.

* ser muy usado = be heavily used.

* terminología usada para las materias = subject terminology.

* usada en el préstamo = label.

* usado antes = second-hand [secondhand].

* usado comúnmente = commonly-found.

* usado con poca frecuencia = seldom used [seldom-used].

* usado en = in evidence in.

* usado en exceso = overused [over-used].

* usado excesivamente = overused [over-used].

* usado frecuentemente = commonly-used.

* usado generalmente = widely-used.

* vendedor de coches usados = used-car dealer, second-hand car dealer.

* ya usado = second-hand [secondhand].

* * *

- da adjetivo

a) [ser] ( de segunda mano) secondhand

se venden coches usados — used cars for sale

b) [estar] (gastado, viejo) worn

* * *

= popular, thumbed, spent.

Ex: Although the fifteenth edition met with some success, it was not generally popular.

Ex: This is a very important and useful volume that is certain to become one of the most thumbed references of those who concern themselves with British history.

Ex: If you repeatedly deadhead - trim off the spent flowers - the plant goes into overdrive.

* algo ya muy conocido y usado = old nag.

* coche usado = used car, second-hand car.

* demasiado usado = overworked, overused [over-used].

* estar muy usado = be well thumbed.

* frecuentemente usado = oft-used.

* menos usado = less used.

* mercadillo de prendas usadas = rummage sale.

* muy usado = well-used [well used], heavily used, much-used.

* negocio de venta de coches usados = used car business.

* palabras usadas = wording.

* ropa usada = second-hand clothes, left-off, cast-off, hand-me-down.

* ser muy usado = be heavily used.

* terminología usada para las materias = subject terminology.

* usada en el préstamo = label.

* usado antes = second-hand [secondhand].

* usado comúnmente = commonly-found.

* usado con poca frecuencia = seldom used [seldom-used].

* usado en = in evidence in.

* usado en exceso = overused [over-used].

* usado excesivamente = overused [over-used].

* usado frecuentemente = commonly-used.

* usado generalmente = widely-used.

* vendedor de coches usados = used-car dealer, second-hand car dealer.

* ya usado = second-hand [secondhand].

* * *

usado -da

adjective

1 [ SER] (de segunda mano) secondhand

¿es nuevo o usado? is it new or secondhand?

[ S ] se venden coches usados used cars for sale

2 [ ESTAR] (gastado, viejo) worn

este suéter está muy usado this sweater is really worn

el sofá está muy usado the sofa is really shabby o worn, the sofa has seen better days ( colloq)

el libro estaba muy usado the book was well-thumbed

* * *

Del verbo usar: ( conjugate usar)

usado es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
usado
usar
usado
◊ -da adjetivo

a) [ser] ( de segunda mano) secondhand

b) [estar] (gastado, viejo) worn

usar ( conjugate usar) verbo transitivo
a) ( utilizar) to use;

◊ ¿qué champú usas? what shampoo do you use?;

usado algo/a algn de or como algo to use sth/sb as sth
b) ( llevar) ‹alhajas/ropa/perfume› to wear;

◊ estos zapatos están sin usado these shoes are unworn, these shoes have never been worn

usarse verbo pronominal (en 3a pers) (esp AmL) ( estar de moda) [color/ropa] to be in fashion, to be popular;
◊ ya no se usa hacer fiestas de compromiso people don't tend to have engagement parties any more

usado,-a adjetivo
1 used: compraron una lavadora usada, they bought a second-hand washing machine
2 (viejo) worn
usar
I verbo transitivo
1 (hacer uso, emplear) to use: no uses mi maquinilla, don't use my razor
siempre usa el mismo método, she uses always the same method
2 (llevar ropa, perfume, etc) to wear
II vi (utilizar) to use

' usado' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
delgada
- delgado
- gastada
- gastado
- usada
- mamá
- San
English:
averse
- choose
- clingfilm
- consider
- expect
- imagine
- invite
- love
- part exchange
- promise
- recollect
- refuse
- risk
- RV
- shop-soiled
- stop
- try
- used
- worn
- do
- gavel
- mincemeat
- politically
- second-hand
- white

* * *

usado, -a adj

1. [de segunda mano] used

2. [gastado] worn;

una cartera ya muy usada a very worn briefcase

* * *

usado

adj

1 ( gastado) worn

2 (de segunda mano) second-hand

* * *

usado, -da adj

1) : used, secondhand

2) : worn, worn-out

* * *

usado adj

1. (usado) used

un sello usado a used stamp

2. (de segunda mano) second hand

un coche usado a second hand car

3. (gastado) worn out

¿cómo llevas todavía esta falda tan usada? how can you still wear that worn out skirt?

Spanish-English dictionary > usado
99 utilidad

f.

1 usefulness.

2 utility (program) (computing).

3 benefit, earnings, utility, profit.

* * *

utilidad

► nombre femenino

1 utility, usefulness

■ de gran utilidad very useful

2 (beneficio) profit

* * *

noun f.

utility, usefulness

* * *

SF

1) [gen] usefulness

no pongo en duda la utilidad de tu invento — I'm not questioning the usefulness of your invention

un método de gran utilidad para aprender inglés — a very useful method for learning English

no lo tires, ya le encontraremos alguna utilidad — don't throw it away, we'll find some use for it

un servicio de utilidad pública — a public service

sacar la máxima utilidad a algo — to use sth to the full, make full use of sth

2) LAm (Com, Econ) profit

utilidades ocasionales — windfall profits

3) (Inform) utility

* * *

femenino

a) ( de aparato) usefulness

no es de mucha utilidad práctica — it doesn't have much practical use

un coche me sería de mucha utilidad — a car would be of great use to me

b) utilidades femenino plural (AmL) (ganancia, beneficio) profits (pl)

* * *

= expediency, helpfulness, usefulness, utility, utilisability, fruitfulness.

Ex. And we have all of the ingredients for the creation of an atmosphere in which the proponents of expediency could couch their arguments in terms of cost effectiveness.

Ex. Sometimes, in the interest of comprehension or helpfulness, modifications to the standard pattern are desirable.

Ex. Some feel that the non-expressive nature of the notation limits the scheme's usefulness in computerised data bases.

Ex. Situations where subdivisions might have had some utility are served by the co-ordination of index terms at the search stage.

Ex. Utilisability is the extent to which research results are adapted to the characteristics of the intended users and their circumstances.

Ex. The fruitfulness of our life depends in large measure on our ability to doubt our own words and to question the value of our own work.

----

* contorno de utilidad = utility contour.

* curva de utilidad = utility contour.

* demostrar su utilidad = come into + Posesivo + own.

* de utilidad general = all-purpose.

* de utilidad inmediata = immediately useful.

* ejecutar una utilidad = run + utility.

* poca utilidad = unhelpfulness.

* programa de utilidades = utilities.

* ser de utilidad = be of use.

* ser de utilidad a = be of service to.

* utilidades = toolbox [tool box].

* ver la utilidad = see + the point.

* * *

femenino

a) ( de aparato) usefulness

no es de mucha utilidad práctica — it doesn't have much practical use

un coche me sería de mucha utilidad — a car would be of great use to me

b) utilidades femenino plural (AmL) (ganancia, beneficio) profits (pl)

* * *

= expediency, helpfulness, usefulness, utility, utilisability, fruitfulness.

Ex: And we have all of the ingredients for the creation of an atmosphere in which the proponents of expediency could couch their arguments in terms of cost effectiveness.

Ex: Sometimes, in the interest of comprehension or helpfulness, modifications to the standard pattern are desirable.

Ex: Some feel that the non-expressive nature of the notation limits the scheme's usefulness in computerised data bases.

Ex: Situations where subdivisions might have had some utility are served by the co-ordination of index terms at the search stage.

Ex: Utilisability is the extent to which research results are adapted to the characteristics of the intended users and their circumstances.

Ex: The fruitfulness of our life depends in large measure on our ability to doubt our own words and to question the value of our own work.

* contorno de utilidad = utility contour.

* curva de utilidad = utility contour.

* demostrar su utilidad = come into + Posesivo + own.

* de utilidad general = all-purpose.

* de utilidad inmediata = immediately useful.

* ejecutar una utilidad = run + utility.

* poca utilidad = unhelpfulness.

* programa de utilidades = utilities.

* ser de utilidad = be of use.

* ser de utilidad a = be of service to.

* utilidades = toolbox [tool box].

* ver la utilidad = see + the point.

* * *

utilidad

feminine

1 (de un aparato) usefulness

no le veo la utilidad a ese aparato I can't see the point of this machine

tener coche, viviendo en el campo, es de gran utilidad it's very useful to have a car when you live in the country

2 utilidades fpl ( AmL) (ganancia, beneficio) profits (pl)

* * *

utilidad sustantivo femenino
a) ( de aparato) usefulness;

◊ un coche me sería de mucha utilidad a car would be of great use to me

b)

◊ utilidades sustantivo femenino plural (AmL) (ganancia, beneficio) profits (pl)

utilidad sustantivo femenino usefulness, utility: su pretendida ayuda no es de ninguna utilidad, her so-called help is of no use
' utilidad' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
inútil
- para
- provecho
- servicio
- finalidad
English:
avail
- good
- guidance
- profit
- purpose
- service
- use
- usefulness
- utility
- condemn

* * *

utilidad

♦ nf

1. [cualidad] usefulness;

dudo de su utilidad I doubt it will be much use;

el libro me fue de gran utilidad the book was very useful

2. [beneficio] profit

3. Informát utility (program)

♦ utilidades nfpl
Am Econ profits
* * *

utilidad

f

1 usefulness;

ser de gran utilidad be very useful;

de utilidad pública of public benefit;

una asociación de utilidad pública a registered charity, a charitable organization

2

:

utilidades pl L.Am. profits

* * *

utilidad nf

1) : utility, usefulness

2) utilidades nfpl

: profits

* * *

utilidad n usefulness

Spanish-English dictionary > utilidad
100 medio

adj.

1 half a, half, half an, mid.

2 average.

3 half-way, halfway.

4 one-half.

adv.

half-way, half, kind of, partially.

m.

1 means, manner, mode, way.

2 center, midway, midst.

3 medium, instrument, means.

4 environment.

5 halfback.

6 medium.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: mediar.

* * *

medio

► adjetivo

1 (mitad) half

■ las dos y media half past two

■ media docena de huevos half a dozen eggs

■ un año y medio a year and a half

2 (intermedio) middle

■ a media tarde in the middle of the afternoon

3 (de promedio) average

■ una velocidad media de... an average speed of...

► adverbio

1 half

■ medio terminado,-a half-finished

■ he dejado los platos a medio lavar I've left the washing-up half-done

► nombre masculino medio

1 (mitad) half

2 (centro) middle

■ en el medio de la plaza in the middle of the square

3 (contexto - físico) environment

■ tiene problemas de adaptación al medio she has problems adapting to her environment

4 (social) circle

■ se mueve en un medio muy poco estimulante he moves in rather boring circles

► nombre masculino plural medios

1 (recursos) means

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

equivocarse de medio a medio to get it all wrong

estar (todo) por el medio to be in the way

ponerse en medio to get in the way

por medio de through, by means of

por todos los medios by all means

quitar algo/alguien de en medio to get something/somebody out of the way

media aritmética arithmetic mean

medio ambiente environment

medio fondo middle-distance

■ una carrera de medio fondo a middle-distance race

medios de comunicación (mass) media

medios de transporte means of transport

————————

medio

► nombre masculino

1 (mitad) half

2 (centro) middle

■ en el medio de la plaza in the middle of the square

3 (contexto - físico) environment

■ tiene problemas de adaptación al medio she has problems adapting to her environment

4 (social) circle

■ se mueve en un medio muy poco estimulante he moves in rather boring circles

► nombre masculino plural

* * *
1. (f. - media)
adj.

1) middle

2) half

3) average

4) medium
2. adv.
1) half

2) rather
3. noun m.
1) middle

2) element

3) medium

4) means

•

- medio ambiente

* * *

1. ADJ

1) (=la mitad de) half

nos queda media botella — we've half a bottle left

medio limón — half a lemon

medio litro — half a litre

acudió media ciudad — half the town turned up

medio luto — half-mourning

media pensión — [en hotel] half-board

• media hora — half an hour

estuve esperando media hora — I was waiting for half an hour

el enfermo ha empeorado en la última media hora — the patient has got worse in the last half hour

una hora y media — an hour and a half

tardamos tres horas y media en llegar — we took three and a half hours to get there

son las ocho y media — it's half past eight

• media luna — (Astron) half-moon

en forma de media luna — crescent-shaped

la Media Luna — [en el Islam] the Crescent
asta, luz 1), mundo 2), naranja 1., 3), palabra 1), voz 1), vuelta 1)
2) (=intermedio)

la clase media — the middle class

café de media mañana — mid-morning coffee

a media tarde — halfway through the afternoon

• a medio camino, estamos a medio camino — we're halfway there

a medio camino entre Madrid y Barcelona — halfway between Madrid and Barcelona
plazo
3) (=promedio) average

la temperatura media — the average temperature
término 2)
4) (=normal) average

el francés medio — the average Frenchman

el hombre medio — the man in the street

5)

• a medias, lo dejó hecho a medias — he left it half-done

está escrito a medias — it's half-written

estoy satisfecho solo a medias — I am only partly satisfied

una verdad a medias — a half truth

ir a medias — to go fifty-fifty

lo pagamos a medias — we share o split the cost

2. ADV

1) [con adjetivo] half

está medio borracha — she's half drunk

medio dormido — half asleep

es medio tonto — he's not very bright, he's a bit on the slow side

2) [con verbo, adverbio]

está a medio escribir/terminar — it is half-written/finished

medio se sonrió — she gave a half-smile

lo dijo medio en broma — he was only half-joking

Ana medio se enamoró de Gonzalo — Ana kind of fell in love with Gonzalo

eso no está ni medio bien — that isn't even close to being right

3) LAm (=bastante) rather, quite, pretty *

fue medio difícil — it was pretty hard

3. SM

1) (=centro) middle, centre, center (EEUU)

justo en el medio de la plaza hay una fuente — there's a fountain right in the middle o centre of the square

coger algo por el medio — to take sth round the middle

el justo medio — a happy medium

• de en medio, la casa de en medio — the middle house

quitar algo de en medio — to get sth out of the way

quitarse de en medio — to get out of the way

• de por medio, hay droga de por medio — drugs are involved

hay dificultades de por medio — there are difficulties in the way

meterse de por medio — to intervene

día (de) por medio — LAm every other day

• en medio, iba a besarla, pero él se puso en medio — I was going to kiss her, but he got between us

no dejes las cosas por en medio — don't leave your things in the middle of the floor

en medio de la plaza — in the middle of the square

en medio de tanta confusión — in the midst of such confusion

en medio de todos ellos — among all of them

• por medio de, pasar por medio de — to go through (the middle of)

de medio a medio —

equivocarse de medio a medio — to be completely wrong

2) (Dep) midfielder

medio apertura — (Rugby) fly-half

medio centro — centre-half

medio (de) melé — (Rugby) scrum-half

3) (=método) means pl, way

lo intentaré por todos los medios (posibles) — I'll try everything possible

no hay medio de conseguirlo — there is no way of getting it, it's impossible to get

poner todos los medios para hacer algo, no regatear medios para hacer algo — to spare no effort to do sth

• por medio de, se mueve por medio de poleas — it moves by means of o using a pulley system

me avisó por medio de mi vecino — she let me know through my neighbour

respira por medio de las agallas — it breathes through o using o by means of its gills

lo consiguió por medio de chantajes — he obtained it by o through blackmail

medio de transporte — means of transport

4) pl los medios (tb: los medios de comunicación ó difusión) the media

los medios de comunicación de masas — the mass media

los medios informativos — the news media

5) pl medios (=recursos) means, resources

es un hombre de (muchos) medios — he's a man of means

no tienen medios económicos suficientes — they do not have sufficient financial resources

6) (Bio) (tb: medio ambiente) environment

7) (=círculo) circle

en los medios financieros — in financial circles

encontrarse en su medio — to be in one's element o milieu

* * *
I
- dia adjetivo

1) (delante del n) ( la mitad de)

medio litro — half a liter, a half-liter

medio kilo — half a kilo

media manzana — half an apple

pagar medio pasaje — to pay half fare o half price

un retrato de medio cuerpo — a half-length portrait

media hora — half an hour, a half hour (AmE)

dos horas y media — two and a half hours

lo sabe medio Buenos Aires — half of Buenos Aires knows

se lo contó a medio mundo — he told the whole world

la falda le llega a media pierna — she's wearing a calf-length skirt

a media mañana/tarde dio un paseo — he went for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll

está a medio vestir — she's still getting dressed

- media luna

- media naranja

- media pensión

- media vuelta

- medio campo

- medio del melé

- medio fondista

- medio fondo

- medio hermano -dia hermana

- medio luto

- medio pupilo -dia pupila

- medio tiempo

2) (mediano, promedio) average

el ciudadano/mexicano medio — the average citizen/Mexican

a medio y largo plazo — in the medium and long term

la temperatura media — the average temperature
II
adverbio half

está medio loca/dormida — she's half crazy/asleep

medio en broma medio en serio — half joking and half serious

todo lo deja a medio terminar — he leaves everything half finished

fue medio violento encontrármelo ahí — it was rather awkward meeting him there
III
masculino

1) (Mat) ( mitad) half

2)

a) ( centro) middle

en (el) medio de la habitación — in the middle o center of the room

el asiento de en or del medio — the middle seat, the seat in the middle

el justo medio — the happy medium

quitarse de en or del medio — to get out of the way

quitar a alguien de en medio — (euf) to bump somebody off (colloq)

b) los medios masculino plural (Taur) center* ( of the ring)

3)

a) (recurso, manera) means (pl)

como medio de coacción — as a means of coercion

lo intentaron por todos los medios — they tried everything they could

no hay medio de localizarlo — there's no way o means of locating him

b) (Art) ( vehículo) tb

medio de expresión — medium

c) medios masculino plural ( recursos económicos) tb

medios económicos — means (pl), resources (pl)

no escatimó medios — he spared no expense

no cuenta con los medios necesarios para hacerlo — she does not have the means o resources to do it

- medio de comunicación or difusión

- medio de transporte

- medio informativo

- medios audiovisuales

- medios de producción

4) (en locs)

de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can't leave him, there are the children to think of; hay intereses creados de por medio there are vested interests involved; había un árbol de por medio there was a tree in the way; en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people; cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden how can you work in all this mess; en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion; en medio de todo all things considered; por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week; dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses; por medio de by means of; se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system; por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin; de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you're completely wrong; le acertó de medio a medio — she was absolutely right

5)

a) (círculo, ámbito)

en medios literarios/políticos — in literary/political circles

no está en su medio — he's out of his element

es desconocido en nuestro medio — he's unknown here (o in our area etc)

en medios bien informados se comenta que... — informed opinion has it that...

b) (Biol) environment

la adaptación al medio — adaptation to one's environment o surroundings

animales en su medio natural — animals in their natural habitat

•

- medio ambiente

* * *
I
- dia adjetivo

1) (delante del n) ( la mitad de)

medio litro — half a liter, a half-liter

medio kilo — half a kilo

media manzana — half an apple

pagar medio pasaje — to pay half fare o half price

un retrato de medio cuerpo — a half-length portrait

media hora — half an hour, a half hour (AmE)

dos horas y media — two and a half hours

lo sabe medio Buenos Aires — half of Buenos Aires knows

se lo contó a medio mundo — he told the whole world

la falda le llega a media pierna — she's wearing a calf-length skirt

a media mañana/tarde dio un paseo — he went for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll

está a medio vestir — she's still getting dressed

- media luna

- media naranja

- media pensión

- media vuelta

- medio campo

- medio del melé

- medio fondista

- medio fondo

- medio hermano -dia hermana

- medio luto

- medio pupilo -dia pupila

- medio tiempo

2) (mediano, promedio) average

el ciudadano/mexicano medio — the average citizen/Mexican

a medio y largo plazo — in the medium and long term

la temperatura media — the average temperature
II
adverbio half

está medio loca/dormida — she's half crazy/asleep

medio en broma medio en serio — half joking and half serious

todo lo deja a medio terminar — he leaves everything half finished

fue medio violento encontrármelo ahí — it was rather awkward meeting him there
III
masculino

1) (Mat) ( mitad) half

2)

a) ( centro) middle

en (el) medio de la habitación — in the middle o center of the room

el asiento de en or del medio — the middle seat, the seat in the middle

el justo medio — the happy medium

quitarse de en or del medio — to get out of the way

quitar a alguien de en medio — (euf) to bump somebody off (colloq)

b) los medios masculino plural (Taur) center* ( of the ring)

3)

a) (recurso, manera) means (pl)

como medio de coacción — as a means of coercion

lo intentaron por todos los medios — they tried everything they could

no hay medio de localizarlo — there's no way o means of locating him

b) (Art) ( vehículo) tb

medio de expresión — medium

c) medios masculino plural ( recursos económicos) tb

medios económicos — means (pl), resources (pl)

no escatimó medios — he spared no expense

no cuenta con los medios necesarios para hacerlo — she does not have the means o resources to do it

- medio de comunicación or difusión

- medio de transporte

- medio informativo

- medios audiovisuales

- medios de producción

4) (en locs)

de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can't leave him, there are the children to think of; hay intereses creados de por medio there are vested interests involved; había un árbol de por medio there was a tree in the way; en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people; cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden how can you work in all this mess; en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion; en medio de todo all things considered; por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week; dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses; por medio de by means of; se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system; por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin; de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you're completely wrong; le acertó de medio a medio — she was absolutely right

5)

a) (círculo, ámbito)

en medios literarios/políticos — in literary/political circles

no está en su medio — he's out of his element

es desconocido en nuestro medio — he's unknown here (o in our area etc)

en medios bien informados se comenta que... — informed opinion has it that...

b) (Biol) environment

la adaptación al medio — adaptation to one's environment o surroundings

animales en su medio natural — animals in their natural habitat

•

- medio ambiente

* * *

medio¹

= middle, one-half (1/2).

Ex: The purpose of the insert key is to allow the insertion of one or more characters in the middle of a field without disturbing the information already displayed.

Ex: The output of paperbacks accounted for one-third of the total US book production by 1962; nearly one-half of the fiction produced and a quarter of the available titles.

* Alta Edad Media, la = Early Middle Ages, the, High Middle Ages, the, Dark Ages, the.

* a media asta = at half-mast, at half staff.

* a media mañana = mid-morning.

* a medias entre... y... = betwixt and between.

* a medio abrir = half-opened.

* a medio camino = halfway [half-way/half way].

* a medio comprender = half-understood.

* a medio formar = half-formed.

* a medio fuego = medium heat.

* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.

* a medio plazo = near-term, in the medium term, medium-term, in the mid-term, mid-term [midterm].

* a medio rimar = half-rhymed.

* a medio vestir = partly dressed, half dressed.

* arco de medio punto = round arch.

* baja Edad Media, la = late Middle Ages, the.

* barba de media tarde = five o'clock shadow.

* clase media = middle class.

* cocer a medias = parboil.

* comprendido a medias = half-understood.

* dar media vuelta = do + an about-face.

* darse media vuelta = turn on + Posesivo + heel.

* de la edad media = dark-age.

* del medio = middle.

* del Medio Oriente = Middle Eastern.

* de media jornada = half-day [half day].

* de media mañana = mid-morning.

* de medio día de duración = half-day [half day].

* de medio pelo = small-time.

* de talla media = middle-sized.

* dividir por medio = rend in + two.

* Edad Media = mediaeval ages [medieval ages, -USA], Middle Ages.

* edición media = medium edition.

* en el nivel medio de = in the middle range of.

* en medio de = amidst, in the midst of, in the throes of, right in, amid.

* entender a medias = pick up + the fag-ends.

* enterarse a medias = pick up + the fag-ends.

* entre medias = in between.

* estar a medio camino entre... y... = lie + midway between... and....

* estar en medio de = caught in the middle.

* estar justo en medio de = stand + squarely in.

* foto de medio cuerpo = mugshot [mug shot].

* haber dinero de por medio = money + change hands.

* haber una transacción económica de por medio = money + change hands.

* habitante del Medio Oriente = Middle Easterner.

* histeria a medias = semi-hysteria.

* Hora + y media = half past + Hora.

* IME (Integración a Media Escala) = MSI (Medium Scale Integration).

* justo en el medio (de) = plumb in the middle (of).

* letra rota o a medio imprimir = broken letter.

* línea de medio campo = halfway line.

* media docena = half a dozen, half-dozen.

* media hora = half-hour.

* Media Luna Roja, la = Red Crescent, the.

* media luz = half-light.

* media pensión = half board.

* media tinta = Mezzotint.

* media verdad = half truth, half-fact.

* media vuelta = about-face.

* medio abierto = half-opened, half-way open.

* medio administrativo = quasi-clerical.

* medio adormilado = bleary-eyed.

* medio despierto = drowsily, groggily, bleary-eyed.

* medio día = one-half day.

* medio dormido = drowsily, groggily, groggy [groggier -comp., groggiest -sup.].

* medio en broma = tongue-in-cheek.

* medio + Expresión Temporal = half + a + Expresión Temporal.

* medio hecho = halfway done, half done.

* Medio Oeste, el = Midwest, the.

* Medio Oriente = Middle East.

* medio pliego = half-sheet.

* medio sumergido = half-submerged.

* medio vacío = half-empty.

* medio vestido = partly dressed, half dressed.

* nacido en medio = middleborn.

* nivel medio de gestión = middle management.

* pantalones de media caña = knee breeches, jodhpurs.

* partir por medio = rend in + two.

* Pasado = half + Pasado/Participio.

* ponerse en medio = get in + the way (of).

* Posesivo + media naranja = Posesivo + significant other, Posesivo + better half, Posesivo + other half.

* punto medio = mid-point.

* quedarse a medias = fall (between/through) + the cracks.

* quitarse de en medio = take + Nombre + out.

* quitarse del medio = run for + cover.

* sin obstáculos de por medio = uncluttered.

* tener un problema medio resuelto = have + problem half licked.

* tentempié de media mañana = elevenses.

* un día y medio = one and a half days.

* verdad a medias = half truth, half-fact.

* verse en medio de = caught in the middle.

medio²

² = average, mainline, mainstream.

Ex: The average family does have very real information needs, even though these may not be immediately recognized as such.

Ex: This is 'scientific journalism' at its worst, but its standards are not wholly different from those of the mainline press.

Ex: Some children may be constrained by a mainstream curriculum that does not match their ability level.

* ciudadano medio, el = average man, the.

* como término medio = on average.

* de nivel cultural medio = middlebrow [middle-brow].

* de nivel medio = medium level [medium-level], middle-range.

* de precio medio = medium-priced.

* de talle medio = medium-length.

* de tamaño medio = medium-sized, mid-sized [midsized], middle-sized, mid-size [midsize].

* de tipo medio = middle-range.

* el ciudadano medio = the average Joe.

* hombre medio, el = average person, the.

* la ciudadana media = the average Jane.

* nivel de dominio medio = working knowledge.

* persona con nivel cultural medio = middlebrow [middle-brow].

* por término medio = on average.

* precio medio = average price.

* tener por término medio = average.

* término medio = compromise, balance.

* valor medio = midrange, mean value.

medio³

³ = instrumentality, means, vehicle.

Nota: Sentido figurado.

Ex: But there are signs of a change as new and powerful instrumentalities come into use.

Ex: The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.

Ex: This journal serves as a vehicle for the continuing education of librarians, as a showcase for current practice and as a spotlight for significant activities.

* alfabetización en los medios de comunicación = media literacy.

* anuncios en los medios de comunicación = media releases.

* aprendizaje a través de medios electrónicos = online learning.

* aprendizaje por medio del ordenador = computer-based learning (CBL).

* bibliotecario de medios audiovisuales = library media specialist.

* bien dotado de medios = well-resourced.

* bien equipado de medios = well-resourced.

* búsqueda por medio de menús = menu-assisted searching.

* búsqueda por medio de órdenes = command search.

* codificación por medio de códigos de barras = barcoding [bar-coding].

* codificar por medio de códigos de barras = barcode [bar-code].

* conducir por medio de tubos = duct.

* confundir los medios con el fin = confuse + the means with the ends.

* con medios insuficientes = on a shoestring (budget).

* con medios muy escasos = on a shoestring (budget).

* con medios muy exiguos = on a shoestring (budget).

* con muy pocos medios = on a shoestring (budget).

* con todos los medios a + Posesivo + alcance = with all the means at + Posesivo + disposal.

* desplazamiento por medio del ordenador = computer commuting.

* documentalista de los medios de comunicación = news librarian.

* dotar de medios = resource.

* el fin justifica los medios = the end justifies the means.

* empresa de medios de comunicación = media company.

* enseñanza a través de medios electrónicos = online education.

* enseñanza por medio del ordenador (CBI) = computer-based instruction (CBI).

* entrevista en los medios de comunicación = media interview.

* equipar de medios = resource.

* exceso de medios = overkill.

* expansión de una búsqueda por medio del tesauro = thesaurus expansion.

* industria de los medios de comunicación de masas = mass communications industry.

* interfaz por medio de gráficos = graphics interfacing.

* máquina de registro de préstamos por medio de la fotografía = photocharger, photocharging machine.

* medio de ahorro = economy measure.

* medio de almacenamiento = storage medium.

* medio de almacenamiento físico = physical storage media.

* medio de comunicación = medium [media, -pl.].

* medio de interpretación = medium of performance.

* medio de transmisión = conduit.

* medio físico = physical medium.

* medios = ways and means.

* medios de almacenamiento digital = digital media.

* medios de almacenamiento óptico = optical storage media.

* medios de comunicación = news media.

* medios de comunicación de masas = mass media, mass communications media, communications media, communications media.

* medios de comunicación social = mass media.

* medios de microalmacenamiento de la información = microstorage media.

* medios de producción = means of production.

* medios digitalizados de almacenamiento de información = digitised media.

* medios económicos = economic resources.

* medios, los = wherewithal, the, means, the.

* medios oficiales = official channels.

* medios técnicos = IT capabilities.

* medios visuales = visual media.

* mostrar por medio de cambio de intensidad en el brillo = flash up.

* multimedia = multimedia [multi-media].

* mundo de los medios de comunicación, el = mediascape, the.

* por medio = out of.

* por medio de = by means of, by way of, in the form of, through, via, via the medium of, by dint of.

* por medio de isótopos = isotopically.

* por medio de otro(s) = by proxy.

* por medio de una agencia = on a bureau basis.

* por todos los medios = by all means.

* proporcionar los medios para = provide + the material for.

* ser un medio para llegar a un fin = be the means to an end.

* streaming media = streaming media.

* técnica de recuperación por medio de la lógica difusa = fuzzy IR technique.

* terapia por medio de aromas = aroma therapy.

* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.

* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.

* un medio para alcanzar un fin = a means to an end.

* un medio para conseguir un fin = a means to an end.

* un medio para llegar a fin = a means to an end.

* utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.

* * *

medio¹ - dia

adjective

A ( delante del n)

(la mitad de): medio litro half a liter, a half-liter

medio kilo de harina half a kilo of flour

media docena de huevos half a dozen eggs, a half-dozen eggs

¿quieres media manzana? do you want half an apple?

los niños pagan medio billete or pasaje children pay half fare o half price

un retrato de medio cuerpo a half-length portrait

llevo media hora esperando I've been waiting for half an hour

la última media hora es muy divertida the last half hour is very entertaining

hay trenes a y cinco y a y media there are trains at five past and half past (the hour)

aún faltan dos horas y media para que empiece la función there are still two and a half hours to go before the show starts

si se lo dices a él mañana lo sabe medio Buenos Aires if you tell him, half (of) Buenos Aires will know by tomorrow

la bandera ondea a media asta the flag is flying at half-mast

la falda le llega a media pierna she's wearing a calf-length skirt

a media mañana/tarde siempre da un paseo he always goes for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll, he always goes for a stroll mid-morning/mid-afternoon

¿qué haces aquí leyendo a media luz? what are you doing in here reading in such poor light?

la habitación estaba a media luz the room was dimly lit

Compuestos:

● media lengua

feminine:

habla con or (CS) en medioa lengua he talks in baby language

la deliciosa medioa lengua de los dos años the delightful way a two-year-old talks

● media luna feminine

A ( Astron) half-moon

en forma de medioa luna crescent-shaped

la Medio Luna de las tierras fértiles the Fertile Crescent

B (de las uñas) half-moon

C ( RPl) ( Coc) croissant ( often with ham and cheese)

D

(organización): la Medioa Luna Roja the Red Crescent

● media manga

feminine short sleeve

llevaba un vestido de medioa manga she was wearing a dress with short sleeves o a short-sleeved dress

● media naranja

masculine and feminine ( fam hum):

todavía no ha encontrado su medioa naranja (el hombre ideal) Mr Right hasn't come along yet; (la mujer ideal) he hasn't found his ideal woman yet

vino con su medioa naranja he/she came along with his/her better half ( colloq hum)

● media pensión

feminine (en hoteles) half board

(en colegios): los alumnos en régimen de medioa pensión pupils who have school dinners

● medias palabras

fpl:

me lo dijo con medioas palabras she didn't say it in so many words

● media suela

feminine half sole, sole

● media volea

feminine half volley

● media voz

feminine:

a medioa voz in a low voice

hablaban a medioa voz they were talking in low voices

● media vuelta

feminine ( Mil) about-face ( AmE), about-turn ( BrE)

(se) dio medioa vuelta y se fue she turned on her heel o she turned around and left

● medio apertura

masculine and feminine fly half, outside half

● medio campo

masculine midfield

● medio del melé

masculine and feminine scrum half

● medio fondista

masculine and feminine middle-distance runner

● medio fondo

masculine middle-distance

● medio hermano, media hermana

masculine, feminine

( masculine) half-brother; ( feminine) half-sister

● medio luto

masculine half-mourning

● medio pupilo, media pupila or medio pupila

masculine, feminine (CS) day pupil

los medio pupilos the day pupils

● medio tiempo

( AmL) half-time

B (mediano, promedio) average

el cuidadano/mexicano medio the average citizen/Mexican

barrios madrileños de standing alto a medio middle to upper-class districts of Madrid

a medio y largo plazo in the medium and long term

técnico de grado medio technician who has taken a three-year course rather than a five-year degree course

la temperatura media es de 22 grados the average temperature is 22 degrees

clase¹ (↑ clase (1)), edad, término, etc

C

a medias ( loc adv)

1

(de manera incompleta): dejó el trabajo a medios he left the work half-finished

me dijo la verdad a medios she didn't tell me the whole truth o story

lo arregló a medios he didn't fix it properly

2

(entre dos): voy a comprar un número de lotería ¿vamos a medios? I'm going to buy a lottery ticket. Do you want to go halves?

pagar a medios to pay half each, go halves

lo hicimos a medios we did it between us

D

( Chi fam) ( delante del n) (uso enfático): el medio auto que se gasta just look at the car he drives!

medio²

adverb

half

está medio borracha/loca she's half drunk/crazy

lo dejaron allí medio muerto they left him there half dead

fue medio violento encontrármelo ahí it was rather awkward meeting him there

me lo dijo medio en broma medio en serio she said it half joking and half serious

todo lo deja a medio hacer he never finishes anything, he leaves everything half finished

medio como que se molestó cuando se lo dije (CS fam); she got kind of o sort of annoyed when I told her ( colloq)

medio³

masculine

A [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] ( Mat) (mitad) half

B

1 (centro) middle

en (el) medio de la habitación in the middle o center of the room

el botón de en or del medio the middle button, the button in the middle

el justo medio the happy medium

quítate de en or del medio, que no me dejas ver get out of the way, I can't see

quitar a algn de en medio ( euf); to get rid of sb ( euph), bump sb off ( colloq)

2 los medios mpl ( Taur) center* ( of the ring)

C

1 (recurso, manera) means (pl)

lo intentaron por todos los medios they tried everything they could

no hay medio de localizarlo there's no way o means of locating him

hizo lo que pudo con los medios a su alcance she did everything she could with the resources at her disposal

como medio de coacción as a means of coercion

2 ( Art) (vehículo) tb

medio de expresión medium

3 medios mpl (recursos económicos) tb

medios económicos means (pl), resources (pl)

no escatimó medios he spared no expense

a pesar de los escasos medios de que dispone in spite of his limited means

no cuenta con los medios necesarios para hacerlo she does not have the means o resources to do it

Compuestos:

● medio de comunicación

la entrevista concedida a un medio de comunicación francés the interview given to a French newspaper ( o television station etc)

los medios de comunicación the media

los medios de comunicación sociales or de masas the mass media

● medio de difusión

medio de comunicación

● medio de transporte

means of transport

● medio impugnativo

( Méx) legal challenge

● medio informativo

medio de comunicación

● medios audiovisuales

mpl audiovisual aids (pl)

● medios de producción

mpl:

los medio de producción the means of production

D ( en locs):

de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can't leave him, there are the children to think of

hay muchos intereses creados de por medio there are a lot of vested interests involved

en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people

no sé cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden I don't know how you can work in all this mess

en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion

en medio de todo all things considered

en medio de todo más vale así all things considered, it's probably better this way

por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week

dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses

por medio de: nos enteramos por medio de tu primo we found out from o through your cousin

atrapa su presa por medio de estas pinzas it catches its prey by using these pincers

se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system

obtuvo el puesto por medio de estas influencias she got the job through these contacts

de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you're completely wrong o utterly mistaken

le acertó de medio a medio she was absolutely right

E

1

(círculo, ámbito): en medios literarios/políticos in literary/political circles

no está en su medio he's out of his element

un artista prácticamente desconocido en nuestro medio (Col, CS); an artist who is practically unknown here o in our country ( o area etc)

en medios bien informados se comenta que … informed opinion has it that …

2 ( Biol) environment

estos animales no sobreviven fuera de su medio natural these animals do not survive if removed from their natural habitat

la adaptación al medio adaptation to one's environment o surroundings

Compuesto:

medio ambiente

environment

que no daña el medio ambiente eco-friendly, environmentally friendly

F (dedo) middle finger

G (moneda) five centavo or centésimo coin formerly used in some Latin American countries

ni medio ( RPl fam): no se ve/no entendí ni medio you can't see/I didn't understand a thing

el que nace para medio nunca llega a real if you don't have what it takes, you won't get on in the world

* * *

Del verbo mediar: ( conjugate mediar)

medio es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

medió es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
mediar
medio
mediar ( conjugate mediar) verbo intransitivo
a) ( intervenir) to mediate;

medio EN algo ‹en conflicto/negociaciones› to mediate in sth, to act as mediator in sth
b) ( interceder) medio POR algn to intercede for sb;

medio ANTE algn to intercede o intervene with sb
medio 1
◊ - dia adjetivo

1 ( delante del n) ( la mitad de):
◊ medio kilo half a kilo;

media manzana half an apple;
pagar medio pasaje to pay half fare o half price;
media hora half an hour, a half hour (AmE);
dos horas y media two and a half hours;
a las cinco y media at half past five;
a media mañana/tarde in the middle of the morning/afternoon;
a medio camino halfway;
media pensión ( en hoteles) half board;
(se) dio medio vuelta y se fue she turned on her heel and left;
un jugador de medio campo a midfield player;
medio tiempo (AmL) half-time;
mi media naranja (fam &
hum) my better half (colloq & hum)
2 (mediano, promedio) average;
◊ el ciudadano medio the average citizen;

a medio y largo plazo in the medium and long term
medio 2 adverbio
half;
◊ está medio loca she's half crazy;

todo lo deja a medio terminar he leaves everything half finished
■ sustantivo masculino
1 (Mat) ( mitad) half
2 ( centro) middle;
◊ en (el) medio de la habitación in the middle o center of the room;

quitarse de en or del medio to get out of the way
3
a) (recurso, manera) means (pl);

◊ como medio de coacción as a means of coercion;

los medios de comunicación the media;
medio de transporte means of transport
b)

◊ medios sustantivo masculino plural ( recursos económicos) tb medios económicos means (pl), resources (pl)

4 ( en locs)
◊ en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people;

en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion;
por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week;
dos casas por medio every two houses;
por medio de (de proceso/técnica) by means of;
por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin
5
a) (círculo, ámbito):

◊ en medios literarios/políticos in literary/political circles;

no está en su medio he's out of his element
b) (Biol) environment;

◊ la adaptación al medio adaptation to one's environment;

medio ambiente environment;
que no da daña el medio ambiente eco-friendly, environmentally friendly
mediar verbo intransitivo
1 (arbitrar, intervenir) to mediate: España mediará en el conflicto, Spain will mediate in the conflict
2 (interceder) to intercede: mediará por ti, she'll intercede on your behalf
3 (interponerse) media la circunstancia de que..., you must take into account that...
4 (periodo de tiempo) to pass: mediaron un par de días, two days passed
medio,-a
I adjetivo
1 (mitad) half: sólo queda medio melón, there is only half a melon left
una hora y media, an hour and a half
2 (no extremo) middle
a media tarde, in the middle of the afternoon
clase media, middle class
punto medio, middle ground
3 (prototípico) average: la calidad media es baja, the average quality is poor
la mujer media, the average woman
II adverbio half: el trabajo está medio hecho, the work is half done
III sustantivo masculino
1 (mitad) half
2 (centro) middle
en medio de la batalla, in the midst of the battle
en medio de los árboles, among the trees
(entre dos) in between the trees
un barco en medio del desierto, a ship in the middle of the desert
sal de ahí en medio, get out of the way
3 (instrumento, vía) means: el fin no justifica los medios, the aim doesn't justify the means
4 (entorno) enviroment
un medio hostil, a hostile enviroment
' medio' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
achuchar
- adivinarse
- ambiente
- calle
- camino
- coger
- conducto
- coralina
- coralino
- cuerpo
- Ecuador
- elemento
- en
- entorno
- habitar
- lado
- locomoción
- media
- ocupante
- odisea
- oriente
- perder
- por
- radical
- recurso
- sacar
- tener
- término
- tierra
- través
- a
- alzado
- arma
- atontado
- caja
- canal
- derruido
- destruir
- día
- efectivo
- gusto
- hombre
- hostil
- instrumento
- ir
- loco
- Medio Oriente
- mejor
- menos
- meter
English:
about
- air
- and
- average
- backdrop
- between
- bread
- call away
- canter
- centre
- cobble together
- discern
- East
- end
- environment
- environmentalist
- envoy
- freight
- half
- half-dead
- half-dressed
- half-empty
- half-full
- half-open
- half-serious
- half-way
- mean
- means
- medium
- medium-term
- mid
- middle
- Middle East
- middleweight
- midst
- moderate
- on
- over
- part
- resource
- Roman arch
- rough up
- sandwich course
- scrum-half
- semiliterate
- shelf
- slush
- slushy
- stimulate
- television

* * *

medio, -a

♦ adj

1. [igual a la mitad] half;

media docena half a dozen;

media hora half an hour;

medio litro half a litre;

el estadio registra media entrada the stadium is half full;

medio pueblo estaba allí half the town was there;

medio Quito se quedó sin electricidad half of Quito was left without electricity;

la bandera ondeaba a media asta the flag was flying at half mast;

a medio camino [en viaje] halfway there;
[en trabajo] halfway through;
a media luz in the half-light;

nos salimos a media película we left halfway through the movie o Br film;

como algo a media mañana I have something to eat halfway through the morning, I have a mid-morning snack;

docena y media one and a half dozen;

un kilo y medio one and a half kilos;

son las dos y media it's half past two;

son y media it's half past

Comp
Andes, Méx, Ven medio fondo waist petticoat o slip;
la media luna the crescent;

la Media Luna Roja the Red Crescent;
Fam Fig media naranja:
mi/su/ etc[m5]. media naranja my/your/ etc other o better half;

media pensión half board;
CSur medio pupilo [que va a dormir a casa] day pupil; [que va a casa el fin de semana] boarder;
media suela half-sole;

media volea half volley

2. [intermedio] [estatura, tamaño] medium;
[posición, punto] middle;
de una calidad media of average quality;

a medio plazo in the medium term;

de clase media middle-class;

a media distancia in the middle distance

Comp
medio campo midfield; Am medio tiempo half-time
3. [de promedio] [temperatura, velocidad] average;
Mat mean;
el consumo medio de agua por habitante the average water consumption per head of the population;

a una velocidad media de 50 km/h at an average speed of 50 km/h

4. [corriente] ordinary, average;

el ciudadano medio the average person, ordinary people

♦ adv

half;

medio borracho half drunk;

estaba medio muerto he was half dead;

a medio hacer half done;

han dejado la obra a medio hacer they've left the building half finished;

aún estoy a medio arreglar I'm only half ready;

pasé la noche medio en vela I barely slept all night, I spent half the night awake

♦ nm

1. [mitad] half;

uno y medio one and a half

2. [centro] middle, centre;

íbamos por el carril del medio o [m5] de en medio we were driving in the middle lane;

en medio (de) in the middle (of);

estaba incómoda en medio de toda aquella gente I felt uncomfortable among all those people;

está en medio de una profunda depresión she's in the middle of a deep depression;

no se oía nada en medio de tanto ruido you couldn't hear a thing with all that noise;

han puesto una valla en medio they've put a fence in the way;

si te pones en medio no veo la tele I can't see the TV if you're in the way;

quítate de en medio get out of the way;

siempre tienes todas tus cosas por medio your things are always lying around all over the place;

estar por (en) medio [estorbar] to be in the way;

hay muchos intereses de por medio there are a lot of interests involved;

meterse o [m5] ponerse (de) por medio [estorbar] to get in the way;
Fig [entrometerse] to interfere;
Comp

equivocarse de medio a medio to be completely wrong;

Comp
Fam
quitar de en medio a alguien to get rid of sb;

Comp

quitarse de en medio [suicidarse] to do away with oneself

3. [sistema, manera] means [singular or plural], method;

utilice cualquier medio a su alcance use whatever means are available, use every means available;

encontró un medio para pagar menos impuestos she found a way of paying less tax;

no hay medio de convencerla she refuses to be convinced;

por medio de by means of, through;

ha encontrado trabajo por medio de un conocido she got a job through an acquaintance;

por todos los medios by all possible means;

intentaré conseguir ese trabajo por todos los medios I'll do whatever it takes to get that job;

su medio de vida es la chatarra he earns his living from scrap metal

Comp
los medios de comunicación the media;
medios de comunicación electrónicos electronic media;

los medios de comunicación de masas the mass media;

los medios de difusión the media;

medio de expresión medium;

los medios de información the media;

medios de producción means of production;

medio de transporte means of transport o US transportation

4.
medios [recursos] means, resources;

no cuenta con los medios económicos para realizarlo she lacks the means o the (financial) resources to do it

5. [elemento físico] environment;

animales que viven en el medio acuático animals that live in an aquatic environment

Comp
medio ambiente environment; Biol medio de cultivo culture medium;
medio físico physical environment

6. [ámbito]
el medio rural/urbano the countryside/city;

en medios financieros/políticos in financial/political circles;

en medios bien informados in well-informed circles

7. Dep [en fútbol, hockey] midfielder;
[en rugby] halfback
Comp
medio (de) apertura [en rugby] fly half, stand-off;
medio (de) melé [en rugby] scrum half

8. Taurom
los medios = centre of bullring

9. Comp
CSur Fam
ni medio: no oye ni medio he's as deaf as a post;

no entiende ni medio she hasn't got a clue;

por medio: nado día por medio I swim every other day

* * *

medio

I adj

1 half;

las tres y media half past three, three-thirty;

a medio camino halfway

2 tamaño medium

3 (de promedio) average

4 posición middle

II m

1 ( entorno) environment

2 en fútbol midfielder

3 ( centro) middle;

en medio de in the middle of

4 ( manera) means;

por medio de by means of;

medios pl dinero means, resources

III adv half;

hacer algo a medias half do sth;

ir a medias go halves;

a medio hacer half done;

de medio a medio completely;

día por medio L.Am. every other day;

quitar de en medio algo fam move sth out of the way;

quitarse de en medio get out of the way

* * *

medio adv

1) : half

está medio dormida: she's half asleep

2) : rather, kind of

está medio aburrida esta fiesta: this party is rather boring

medio, - dia adj

1) : half

una media hora: half an hour

medio hermano: half brother

a media luz: in the half-light

son las tres y media: it's half past three, it's three-thirty

2) : midway, halfway

a medio camino: halfway there

3) : middle

la clase media: the middle class

4) : average

la temperatura media: the average temperature

medio nm

1) centro: middle, center

en medio de: in the middle of, amid

2) ambiente: milieu, environment

3) : medium, spiritualist

4) : means pl, way

por medio de: by means of

los medios de comunicación: the media

5) medios nmpl

: means, resources

* * *

medio¹ adj

1. (mitad) half

pesa medio kilo it weighs half a kilo

tardaré media hora I'll be half an hour

un litro y medio de agua a litre and a half of water

2. (promedio, normal) average

el español medio the average Spaniard

medio² adv half

las manzanas estaban medio podridas the apples were half rotten

medio³ n

1. (centro) middle

hay una fuente en medio de la plaza there's a fountain in the middle of the square

2. (entorno) environment

los anfibios necesitan un medio húmedo amphibians need a damp environment

3. (recurso, método) means

han utilizado medios dudosos they used doubtful means

media de transporte means of transport

medio ambiente environment

medios de comunicación media

Spanish-English dictionary > medio

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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