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61 Lumière, Auguste
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 19 October 1862 Besançon, Franced. 10 April 1954 Lyon, France[br]French scientist and inventor.[br]Auguste and his brother Louis Lumière (b. 5 October 1864 Besançon, France; d. 6 June 1948 Bandol, France) developed the photographic plate-making business founded by their father, Charles Antoine Lumière, at Lyons, extending production to roll-film manufacture in 1887. In the summer of 1894 their father brought to the factory a piece of Edison kinetoscope film, and said that they should produce films for the French owners of the new moving-picture machine. To do this, of course, a camera was needed; Louis was chiefly responsible for the design, which used an intermittent claw for driving the film, inspired by a sewing-machine mechanism. The machine was patented on 13 February 1895, and it was shown on 22 March 1895 at the Société d'Encouragement pour l'In-dustrie Nationale in Paris, with a projected film showing workers leaving the Lyons factory. Further demonstrations followed at the Sorbonne, and in Lyons during the Congrès des Sociétés de Photographie in June 1895. The Lumières filmed the delegates returning from an excursion, and showed the film to the Congrès the next day. To bring the Cinématographe, as it was called, to the public, the basement of the Grand Café in the Boulevard des Capuchines in Paris was rented, and on Saturday 28 December 1895 the first regular presentations of projected pictures to a paying public took place. The half-hour shows were an immediate success, and in a few months Lumière Cinématographes were seen throughout the world.The other principal area of achievement by the Lumière brothers was colour photography. They took up Lippman's method of interference colour photography, developing special grainless emulsions, and early in 1893 demonstrated their results by lighting them with an arc lamp and projecting them on to a screen. In 1895 they patented a method of subtractive colour photography involving printing the colour separations on bichromated gelatine glue sheets, which were then dyed and assembled in register, on paper for prints or bound between glass for transparencies. Their most successful colour process was based upon the colour-mosaic principle. In 1904 they described a process in which microscopic grains of potato starch, dyed red, green and blue, were scattered on a freshly varnished glass plate. When dried the mosaic was coated with varnish and then with a panchromatic emulsion. The plate was exposed with the mosaic towards the lens, and after reversal processing a colour transparency was produced. The process was launched commercially in 1907 under the name Autochrome; it was the first fully practical single-plate colour process to reach the public, remaining on the market until the 1930s, when it was followed by a film version using the same principle.Auguste and Louis received the Progress Medal of the Royal Photographic Society in 1909 for their work in colour photography. Auguste was also much involved in biological science and, having founded the Clinique Auguste Lumière, spent many of his later years working in the physiological laboratory.[br]Further ReadingGuy Borgé, 1980, Prestige de la photographie, Nos. 8, 9 and 10, Paris. Brian Coe, 1978, Colour Photography: The First Hundred Years, London ——1981, The History of Movie Photography, London.Jacques Deslandes, 1966, Histoire comparée du cinéma, Vol. I, Paris. Gert Koshofer, 1981, Farbfotografie, Vol. I, Munich.BC -
62 lumière des événements récents
a la vista o a la luz de los acontecimientos recientesDictionnaire Français-Espagnol des expressions et locutions > lumière des événements récents
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63 lumière achromatique
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64 lumière actinique
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65 lumière artificielle
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66 lumière blanche
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67 lumière calibrée
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68 lumière cathodique
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69 lumière circulaire
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70 lumière collimatée
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71 lumière d'admission
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72 lumière d'avertissement
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73 lumière d'échappement
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74 lumière de côté
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75 lumière de coussinet
( смазочное) отверстие в подшипникеDictionnaire polytechnique Français-Russe > lumière de coussinet
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76 lumière de graissage
смазочное отверстие, отверстие под смазкуDictionnaire polytechnique Français-Russe > lumière de graissage
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77 lumière de pompage
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78 lumière de segment de piston
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79 lumière de tirage
1) кфт. копировальный светDictionnaire polytechnique Français-Russe > lumière de tirage
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80 lumière de tiroir
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См. также в других словарях:
lumière — [ lymjɛr ] n. f. • 1080 au sens III; lat. luminaria « flambeau », en lat. ecclés. « lumière », de lumen, luminis « lumière » I ♦ (XIIe) A ♦ Cour. Agent physique capable d impressionner l œil, de rendre les choses visibles. 1 ♦ Ce par quoi les… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Lumiere — Lumière Pour les articles homonymes, voir Lumière (homonymie). Décomposition de la lumière par un prisme La lumière désigne les … Wikipédia en Français
lumiere — Lumiere. s. f. Clarté, splendeur, ce qui esclaire, ce qui rend les objets visibles. Grande lumiere. lumiere esclatante, vive, douce, foible. lumiere blaffarde. Dieu est l autheur, est la source de la lumiere. l Escriture dit que Dieu habite une… … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
lumiere — Lumiere, Luminare luminaris, Lumen, Lucerna. La lumiere du jour, Lux. Lumiere fort grande, Lux larga. Lumiere nuisante, Laeuum lumen. Lumiere obscure, Maligna lux. Approcher la lumiere, Lumen admouere. Donner lumiere, Illuminare, Illustrare.… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
Lumière — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (1862–1954) Claude Antoine Lumière (1840–1911) Louis Jean Lumière (1864–1948) Lumière bezeichnet außerdem: Institut Lumière, ein 1982 in der Villa Lumière in Lyon… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Lumiere — Lumière ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (1862 1954) Claude Antoine Lumière (1840 1911) Louis Jean Lumière (1864 1948) Siehe auch: Brüder Lumière Lumière (Asteroid) … Deutsch Wikipedia
LUMIÈRE (L.) — LUMIÈRE LOUIS (1864 1948) Fils d’un industriel franc comtois spécialisé dans la fabrication de matériel photographique, Louis Lumière ne prétendit jamais au titre de cinéaste, se contentant de celui, plus humble, de physicien, doublé d’un… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Lumière — Une lumière était au moyen âge un flambeau, une lampe. Le nom a pu être donné à un marchand de ces ustensiles, ou bien à celui qui était chargé d éclairer un lieu (notamment une église). Mais il semble s agir plutôt d un toponyme, assez répandu… … Noms de famille
Lumiere HD — was the first solution to offer HDV editing in QuickTime based Non Linear Editing systems on the Mac platform such as Final Cut Pro.It works by ingesting the transport stream directly from the HDV camera or deck, demultiplexing that stream into 2 … Wikipedia
LUMIÈRE (A.) — LUMIÈRE AUGUSTE (1862 1954) Frère de Louis Lumière, de deux ans son aîné. Moins doué que son cadet, moins «artiste», Auguste prit une grande part dans la gestion de l’entreprise familiale, aux côtés de leur père Antoine. Auguste Lumière n’a… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Lumiere — (Пиза,Италия) Категория отеля: Адрес: Via Leopoldo Pilla 46, 56100 Пиза, Италия Опи … Каталог отелей