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1 Lippman, Gabriel
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 16 August 1845 Hallerick, Luxembourgd. 14 July 1921 at sea, in the North Atlantic[br]French physicist who developed interference colour photography.[br]Born of French parents, Lippman's work began with a distinguished career in classics, philosophy, mathematics and physics at the Ecole Normale in Luxembourg. After further studies in physics at Heidelberg University, he returned to France and the Sorbonne, where he was in 1886 appointed Director of Physics. He was a leading pioneer in France of research into electricity, optics, heat and other branches of physics.In 1886 he conceived the idea of recording the existence of standing waves in light when it is reflected back on itself, by photographing the colours so produced. This required the production of a photographic emulsion that was effectively grainless: the individual silver halide crystals had to be smaller than the shortest wavelength of light to be recorded. Lippman succeeded in this and in 1891 demonstrated his process. A glass plate was coated with a grainless emulsion and held in a special plate-holder, glass towards the lens. The back of the holder was filled with mercury, which provided a perfect reflector when in contact with the emulsion. The standing waves produced during the exposure formed laminae in the emulsion, with the number of laminae being determined by the wavelength of the incoming light at each point on the image. When the processed plate was viewed under the correct lighting conditions, a theoretically exact reproduction of the colours of the original subject could be seen. However, the Lippman process remained a beautiful scientific demonstration only, since the ultra-fine-grain emulsion was very slow, requiring exposure times of over 10,000 times that of conventional negative material. Any method of increasing the speed of the emulsion also increased the grain size and destroyed the conditions required for the process to work.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRoyal Photographic Society Progress Medal 1897. Nobel Prize (for his work in interference colour photography) 1908.Further ReadingJ.S.Friedman, 1944, History of Colour Photography, Boston.Brian Coe, 1978, Colour Photography: The First Hundred Years, London. Gert Koshofer, 1981, Farbfotografie, Vol. I, Munich.BC -
2 Lippman emulsion
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > Lippman emulsion
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3 Lippman emulsion
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > Lippman emulsion
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4 Lippman, Walter
перс.пол. Липпман, Уолтер (1880-1974; американский журналист; ввел в массовый обиход такие понятия, как "холодная война", "общественное мнение")See: -
5 Lippman electrometer
Техника: капиллярный электрометр -
6 Lippman emulsion
Техника: липпмановская эмульсия -
7 lippman electrometer
Англо русский политехнический словарь > lippman electrometer
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8 lippman electrometer
• капилярен електрометърEnglish-Bulgarian polytechnical dictionary > lippman electrometer
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9 lippman electrometers
• капилярен електрометърEnglish-Bulgarian polytechnical dictionary > lippman electrometers
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10 Lippman process
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > Lippman process
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11 Lippman-Bragg diffraction effect
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > Lippman-Bragg diffraction effect
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12 lippman electrometer
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > lippman electrometer
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13 capillary [Lippman] electrometer
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > capillary [Lippman] electrometer
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14 липпмановская эмульсия
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > липпмановская эмульсия
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15 липпмановская эмульсия
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > липпмановская эмульсия
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16 липпмановская эмульсия
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > липпмановская эмульсия
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17 public opinion
соц. общественное мнение (скрытое или явное отношение людей к событиям и фактам социальной действительности, к деятельности различных групп и отдельных личностей; общественное мнение регулирует поведение индивидов, социальных групп и институтов в обществе, вырабатывая (или заимствуя) и насаждая определенные нормы общественных отношений; общественное мнение формируется под воздействием средств массовой информации, образования, общения между людьми, а также под влиянием тех или иных событий в стране и мире и др. факторов)See:public opinion market, public opinion poll, public opinion research, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter, Lippman, Walter* * * -
18 Cold War
1) пол., воен. холодная война (конфликт между государствами, в котором применяются экономические, дипломатические, пропагандистские и др. средства, кроме военных действий)See:2) пол., ист. холодная война (политическое противостояние СССР и США с их сателлитами в послевоенный период, продолжавшееся вплоть до 1989-90 гг.)See: -
19 капиллярный электрометр
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > капиллярный электрометр
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20 капилярен електрометър
capillary electrometercapillary electrometerslippman electrometerlippman electrometersБългарски-Angleščina политехнически речник > капилярен електрометър
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См. также в других словарях:
Lippman — is a surname and may refer to: People * Andrew B. Lippman, American researcher * Doris Troth Lippman, professor of nursing * Laura Lippman (born 1959), American author of detective fiction Fictional character * Mr. Lippman, a recurring minor… … Wikipedia
Lippman — ist der Name folgender Personen: Gabriel Hirsch Lippman (1805–1864), Distriktsrabbiner von Bad Kissingen Laura Lippman (* 1959), US amerikanische Schriftstellerin und Journalistin Siehe auch: Lippmann Liepmann … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Doris Troth Lippman — Dr. Doris Troth Lippman, APRN, EdD, CS, is currently a Professor of Nursing at the Fairfield University School of Nursing located in Fairfield, CT. She also practices as an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse at Fairfield Community Services in… … Wikipedia
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Gabriel Lippman — Gabriel Lippmann Pour les articles homonymes, voir Lippmann. Gabriel Lippmann Naissance … Wikipédia en Français
Colloque Walter Lippman — Colloque Walter Lippmann Le Colloque Walter Lippmann est un rassemblement de 26 économistes et intellectuels libéraux organisé à Paris du 26 au 30 août 1938. S’il y fut discuté de la capacité du libéralisme à faire face aux problèmes de l’époque … Wikipédia en Français