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21 outside
1. n наружная часть или сторона; внешняя поверхностьthe outside of the house was painted a light yellow — с наружной стороны дом был окрашен в светло-жёлтый цвет
2. n внешний мир3. n внешность; наружностьhis outside is rough, but he is good at heart — у него грубая внешность, но он добрый человек
4. n наружные листы5. n пассажир империала6. a наружный, внешний7. a находящийся или происходящий на улице, вне дома8. a внешний, посторонний9. a внеклассный, внеаудиторный10. a разг. крайний, предельный11. a амер. незначительный, ничтожный12. a проходящий большее расстояниеthe right-hand wheels are the outside wheels in a turn to the left — правые колёса при повороте налево проходят больший путь, чем левые
13. adv с наружной стороны, снаружиthey could see everything that took place outside — им было видно всё, что делалось на улице
14. adv мор. в открытом море15. prep вне; заthe question at the examination was quite outside the lectures — вопрос, заданный на экзамене, совершенно не освещался в лекциях
outside indicator — индикатор, находящийся вне титруемой жидкости
16. prep за, из17. prep кроме, за исключениемoutside him, none of us liked the play — пьеса не понравилась никому, кроме него
outside of — кроме, за исключением
Синонимический ряд:1. alien (adj.) alien; foreign; unfamiliar2. distant (adj.) distant; faint; negligible; off; remote; slender; slight; slim; small3. farthest (adj.) apart from; away from; extreme; farther; farthest; outermost4. maximum (adj.) maximal; maximum; top; topmost; utmost5. outdoor (adj.) alfresco; hypaethral; open-air; outdoor; out-of-door6. outer (adj.) covering; exterior; external; outer; outward; over; surface7. edge (noun) border; boundary; bounds; edge; end; outline8. exterior (noun) cover; covering; exterior; facade; face; sheath; skin; surface; topside9. outdoors (noun) open; open air; outdoors; out-of-doors; without10. outdoors (other) out; out of doors; outdoors; withoutdoors11. outward (other) outward; outwards; withoutАнтонимический ряд:center; familiar; indoors; inside; interior -
22 roll
1. валок; вал, каток; барабан или цилиндр, ролик; валик; вращать; катать, раскатывать; накатыватьtape-feed roll — лентопротяжный ролик; лентопротяжный валик
2. рулон; катушка, свиток; сматывать, наматыватьswiveling roll — рулон, установленный на поворотной стойке
3. рулетка для тиснения рамки4. рулонная продукция5. списокto roll up — закатывать ; скатывать, свёртывать
blanket roll — офсетный цилиндр, валик, обтянутый офсетным полотном
butt roll — подлежащий замене рулон; сработанный рулон
creasing roll — фальцевальный цилиндр, фальццилиндр
cutoff roll — резальный цилиндр, ножевой цилиндр
dandy roll — дендироль, ровнитель
depleted roll — подлежащий замене рулон; сработанный рулон
assessment roll — список лиц и имуществ, облагаемых налогом
6. гравированный валик для тиснения7. формный цилиндр ротационного позолотного прессаexpiring roll — подлежащий замене рулон; сработанный рулон
film roll — катушка фотоплёнки; рулон фотоплёнки
folding roll — фальцевальный цилиндр, фальццилиндр
image roll — формный цилиндр, формный валик
impression roll — печатный цилиндр, прессовый валик
infeed roll — рабочий бумажный рулон, полный рулон
laser engraved anilox roll — анилоксный валик, гравированный лазером
lop-sided master roll — рабочий бумажный рулон с наклонной осью; деформированный рулон
magazine roll — рулон, установленный в лентопитающем устройстве
master roll — рабочий бумажный рулон, полный рулон
8. дозирующий валикoverhang roll — выносной вал каландра; консольный валок
dancer roll loop — петля, образуемая плавающим валиком
9. контрольно-измерительный валикcotton roll — ватный; валик
10. разматываемый рулонmaster input roll — полный рулон, установленный в машину
11. рулон бумаги, вышедшей из бумагоделательной машиныpreprinted roll — рулон с предварительно запечатанной лентой; запечатанный рулон
12. печатный цилиндр13. формный цилиндрsandwich roll — один из двух бумаговедущих валиков рулонной печатной машины, между которыми происходит совмещение бумажных лент
smut roll — рулон прокладочной бумаги, шмуцрулон
14. самоустанавливающийся валикprofiling roll — профильный валок; профильный вал
15. натяжной валик16. наматываемый рулон17. ролик для подачи тесьмы18. марлеподавательweb-over roll — бумаговедущий валик, располагающийся над лентой
web-under roll — бумаговедущий валик, располагающийся под лентой
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23 Hertz, Heinrich Rudolph
[br]b. 22 February 1857 Hamburg, Germanyd. 1 January 1894 Bonn, Germany[br]German physicist who was reputedly the first person to transmit and receive radio waves.[br]At the age of 17 Hertz entered the Gelehrtenschule of the Johaneums in Hamburg, but he left the following year to obtain practical experience for a year with a firm of engineers in Frankfurt am Main. He then spent six months at the Dresden Technical High School, followed by year of military service in Berlin. At this point he decided to switch from engineering to physics, and after a year in Munich he studied physics under Helmholtz at the University of Berlin, gaining his PhD with high honours in 1880. From 1883 to 1885 he was a privat-dozent at Kiel, during which time he studied the electromagnetic theory of James Clerk Maxwell. In 1885 he succeeded to the Chair in Physics at Karlsruhe Technical High School. There, in 1887, he constructed a rudimentary transmitter consisting of two 30 cm (12 in.) rods with metal balls separated by a 7.5 mm (0.3 in.) gap at the inner ends and metallic plates at the outer ends, the whole assembly being mounted at the focus of a large parabolic metal mirror and the two rods being connected to an induction coil. At the other side of his laboratory he placed a 70 cm (27½ in.) diameter wire loop with a similar air gap at the focus of a second metal mirror. When the induction coil was made to create a spark across the transmitter air gap, he found that a spark also occurred at the "receiver". By a series of experiments he was not only able to show that the invisible waves travelled in straight lines and were reflected by the parabolic mirrors, but also that the vibrations could be refracted like visible light and had a similar wavelength. By this first transmission and reception of radio waves he thus confirmed the theoretical predictions made by Maxwell some twenty years earlier. It was probably in his experiments with this apparatus in 1887 that Hertz also observed that the voltage at which a spark was able to jump a gap was significantly reduced by the presence of ultraviolet light. This so-called photoelectric effect was subsequently placed on a theoretical basis by Albert Einstein in 1905. In 1889 he became Professor of Physics at the University of Bonn, where he continued to investigate the nature of electric discharges in gases at low pressure until his death after a long and painful illness. In recognition of his measurement of radio and other waves, the international unit of frequency of an oscillatory wave, the cycle per second, is now universally known as the Hertz.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRoyal Society Rumford Medal 1890.BibliographyMuch of Hertz's work, including his 1890 paper "On the fundamental equations of electrodynamics for bodies at rest", is recorded in three collections of his papers which are available in English translations by D.E.Jones et al., namely Electric Waves (1893), Miscellaneous Papers (1896) and Principles of Mechanics (1899).Further ReadingJ.G.O'Hara and W.Pricha, 1987, Hertz and the Maxwellians, London: Peter Peregrinus. J.Hertz, 1977, Heinrich Hertz, Memoirs, Letters and Diaries, San Francisco: San Francisco Press.R.Appleyard, 1930, Pioneers of Electrical Communication.See also: Heaviside, OliverKFBiographical history of technology > Hertz, Heinrich Rudolph
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24 outside
1.внешний; наружный2.внешний объём; наружное пространство
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