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61 Herbert, Sir Alfred Edward
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 5 September 1866 Leicester, Englandd. 26 May 1957 Kings Somborne, Hampshire, England[br]English mechanical engineer and machine-tool manufacturer.[br]Alfred Herbert was educated at Stoneygate School, Leicester, and served an apprenticeship with Joseph Jessop \& Sons, also of Leicester, from 1881 to 1886. In 1887 he was engaged as Manager of a small engineering firm in Coventry, and before the end of that year he purchased the business in partnership with William Hubbard. They commenced the manufacture of machine-tools especially for the cycle industry. Hubbard withdrew from the partnership in 1890 and Herbert continued on his own account, the firm being established as a limited liability company, Alfred Herbert Ltd, in 1894. A steady expansion of the business continued, especially after the introduction of their capstan lathe, and by 1914 it was the largest manufacturer of machine-tools in Britain. In addition to making machine-tools of all types for the home and export market, the firm acted as an agent for the import of specialist machine-tools from abroad. During the First World War Alfred Herbert was in 1915 appointed head of machine-tool production at the War Office and when the Ministry of Munitions was set up he was transferred to that Ministry as Controller of Machine Tools. He was President of the Machine Tools Trades Association from 1919 to 1934. He was elected a member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1892 and in 1921 was a founder member of the Institution of Production Engineers. Almost to the end of his long life he continued to take an active part in the direction of his company. He expressed his views on current events affecting industry in the technical press and in his firm's house journal.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKBE 1917. Officier de la Légion d'honneur 1917. Order of St Stanislas of Russia 1918. Order of Leopold of Belgium 1918. Freeman of the City of Coventry 1933. President, Institution of Production Engineers 1927–9. Honorary Member, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1941.Bibliography1948, Shots at the Truth, Coventry (a selection of his speeches and writings).Further ReadingD.J.Jeremy (ed.), 1984–6, Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. 3, London, pp. 174–7 (a useful account).Obituary, 1957, Engineering, 183:680.RTSBiographical history of technology > Herbert, Sir Alfred Edward
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62 joint-stock company
joint-stock company 1. GEN Aktiengesellschaft f, AG, rechtsfähige Gesellschaft f; 2. FIN, LAW, STOCK (AE) offene Handelsgesellschaft f auf Aktien, Handelsgesellschaft f auf Aktienbasis (with unlimited liability of the members, like a british partnership; die Mitglieder sind hier unbeschränkt haftbar, ähnlich einer OHG); (BE) Aktiengesellschaft f, AG f (public limited company, plc); (BE) beschränkt haftende Gesellschaft f (private limited company, Ltd; ähnlich GmbH)Englisch-Deutsch Fachwörterbuch der Wirtschaft > joint-stock company
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63 broker association
юр., бирж. брокерская ассоциация ( официально зарегистрированное биржей объединение брокеров — членов биржи; ставит своей основной целью совместное выполнение поручений клиентов; может быть в форме ассоциации типа "наниматель — служащий", товарищества с ограниченной ответственностью, совместного предприятия или дочерней брокерской ассоциации (дочерней компанией в этом случае брокерская ассоциация является по отношению к бирже))See:* * * -
64 dealer association
эк. объединение [ассоциация\] дилеров (профессиональная организация, целью которой является выполнение поручений клиентов согласно установленным правилам ассоциации, может представлять собой ассоциацию типа наниматель-служащий, товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью, совместное предприятие)Syn:See: -
65 incorporation of audit firms
ауд., юр. организация аудиторской компании с ограниченной ответственностью* (формирование аудиторским товариществом компании с ограниченной ответственностью, чтобы ограничить обязательства по жалобам о возмещении убытков, вызванных халатностью аудиторов, так как по жалобам будет отвечать конкретный аудитор, а не все члены товарищества)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > incorporation of audit firms
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66 LLP
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67 PLLP
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68 statement of qualification
юр. заявление о соответствии требованиям (документ, который заполняется физическим или юридическим лицом, претендующим на участие в какой-л. деятельности или на получение какого-л. статуса; напр., обычное партнерство может стать партнерством с ограниченной ответственностью, заполнив такой документ)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > statement of qualification
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69 LLP
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70 contract
1) контракт, комерційна угода (оборудка); підряд на роботи; угода за печаткою; заручини; шлюбна угода2) укладати комерційну угоду; брати ( шлюб); приймати ( зобов'язання); робити ( борги); зав'язувати ( знайомство)•contract containing many stipulations — контракт (угода), що містить багато застережень
- contract a dutycontract made for immoral purpose — контракт, укладений з нечесною метою
- contract a marriage
- contract an obligation
- contract basis
- contract bond
- contract business
- contract by correspondence
- contract by deed
- contract by post
- contract by mail
- contract by specialty
- contract change
- contract clause
- contract commitments
- contract date
- contract debts
- contract discipline
- contract documents
- contract estoppel
- contract for forward delivery
- contract form
- contract fraud
- contract guarantee
- contract hit
- contract implied in law
- contract in effect
- contract in restraint of trade
- contract in suit
- contract in writing
- contract interpretation
- contract killer
- contract killing
- contract murder
- contract labor
- contract labour
- contract laborer
- contract labourer
- contract law
- contract law enforcement
- contract made under duress
- contract-making power
- contract malum in se
- contract malum prohibitum
- contract migration
- contract modification
- contract note
- contract obligations
- contract of adhesion
- contract of affreightment
- contract of agency
- contract of beneficence
- contract of carriage
- contract of consignment
- contract of debt
- contract of employment
- contract of engagement
- contract of guarantee
- contract of hire
- contract of indemnity
- contract of insurance
- contract of limited duration
- contract of mutual insurance
- contract of partnership
- contract of purchase
- contract of record
- contract of tenancy
- contract of work and labor
- contract of work and labour
- contract out
- contract out of the liability
- contract penalty
- contract period
- contract price
- contract research
- contract right
- contract stamp duty
- contract terms
- contract time
- contract to buy goods
- contract to perform a business
- contract to perform a service
- contract to produce goods
- contract to sell
- contract to sell goods
- contract uberrimae fidei
- contract under hand
- contract under seal
- contract work
- contract year -
71 LLP
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72 unlimited
1. a неограниченный2. a безграничный, беспредельный3. a чрезмерный, неограниченныйСинонимический ряд:1. boundless (adj.) boundless; endless; extensive; immeasurable; indefinite; infinite; limitless; measureless; unbounded; unconstrained; unmeasured; unrestrained; unrestricted; vast2. total (adj.) all-out; complete; full-blown; full-out; full-scale; total; totalitarianАнтонимический ряд:defined; definite; finite; limited; restricted -
73 LLP
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74 Herbert, Edward Geisler
[br]b. 23 March 1869 Dedham, near Colchester, Essex, Englandd. 9 February 1938 West Didsbury, Manchester, England[br]English engineer, inventor of the Rapidor saw and the Pendulum Hardness Tester, and pioneer of cutting tool research.[br]Edward Geisler Herbert was educated at Nottingham High School in 1876–87, and at University College, London, in 1887–90, graduating with a BSc in Physics in 1889 and remaining for a further year to take an engineering course. He began his career as a premium apprentice at the Nottingham works of Messrs James Hill \& Co, manufacturers of lace machinery. In 1892 he became a partner with Charles Richardson in the firm of Richardson \& Herbert, electrical engineers in Manchester, and when this partnership was dissolved in 1895 he carried on the business in his own name and began to produce machine tools. He remained as Managing Director of this firm, reconstituted in 1902 as a limited liability company styled Edward G.Herbert Ltd, until his retirement in 1928. He was joined by Charles Fletcher (1868–1930), who as joint Managing Director contributed greatly to the commercial success of the firm, which specialized in the manufacture of small machine tools and testing machinery.Around 1900 Herbert had discovered that hacksaw machines cut very much quicker when only a few teeth are in operation, and in 1902 he patented a machine which utilized this concept by automatically changing the angle of incidence of the blade as cutting proceeded. These saws were commercially successful, but by 1912, when his original patents were approaching expiry, Herbert and Fletcher began to develop improved methods of applying the rapid-saw concept. From this work the well-known Rapidor and Manchester saws emerged soon after the First World War. A file-testing machine invented by Herbert before the war made an autographic record of the life and performance of the file and brought him into close contact with the file and tool steel manufacturers of Sheffield. A tool-steel testing machine, working like a lathe, was introduced when high-speed steel had just come into general use, and Herbert became a prominent member of the Cutting Tools Research Committee of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1919, carrying out many investigations for that body and compiling four of its Reports published between 1927 and 1933. He was the first to conceive the idea of the "tool-work" thermocouple which allowed cutting tool temperatures to be accurately measured. For this advance he was awarded the Thomas Hawksley Gold Medal of the Institution in 1926.His best-known invention was the Pendulum Hardness Tester, introduced in 1923. This used a spherical indentor, which was rolled over, rather than being pushed into, the surface being examined, by a small, heavy, inverted pendulum. The period of oscillation of this pendulum provided a sensitive measurement of the specimen's hardness. Following this work Herbert introduced his "Cloudburst" surface hardening process, in which hardened steel engineering components were bombarded by steel balls moving at random in all directions at very high velocities like gaseous molecules. This treatment superhardened the surface of the components, improved their resistance to abrasion, and revealed any surface defects. After bombardment the hardness of the superficially hardened layers increased slowly and spontaneously by a room-temperature ageing process. After his retirement in 1928 Herbert devoted himself to a detailed study of the influence of intense magnetic fields on the hardening of steels.Herbert was a member of several learned societies, including the Manchester Association of Engineers, the Institute of Metals, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. He retained a seat on the Board of his company from his retirement until the end of his life.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsManchester Association of Engineers Butterworth Gold Medal 1923. Institution of Mechanical Engineers Thomas Hawksley Gold Medal 1926.BibliographyE.G.Herbert obtained several British and American patents and was the author of many papers, which are listed in T.M.Herbert (ed.), 1939, "The inventions of Edward Geisler Herbert: an autobiographical note", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers 141: 59–67.ASD / RTSBiographical history of technology > Herbert, Edward Geisler
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