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81 zesp|ół
m (G zespołu) 1. (grupa ludzi) team- zespół ekspertów a team of experts- pracować w zespole to work in a team- tworzyć zespół to form a team- kapitan zespołu the team captain2. (muzyczny) band, group- zespół ludowy a folk band a. group3. (zbiór) complex- zespół obiektów przemysłowych an industrial complex- zespół klasztorny a monastery complex4. Techn. unit- zespół chłodniczy a coolant unit5. Bot. complex, assemblage 6. Med. (objawy) syndrome- zespół objawów przedmiesiączkowych premenstrual syndrome, PMS- zespół encefalopatyczny Med. encephalopathy- zespół instrumentalny Muz. instrumental group- zespół katatoniczny Med. catatonia, catatonic disorder- zespół nerczycowy Med. nephrotic syndrome- zespół żółtaczkowy Med. jaundiceThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > zesp|ół
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82 Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira
(1889-1970)The Coimbra University professor of finance and economics and one of the founders of the Estado Novo, who came to dominate Western Europe's longest surviving authoritarian system. Salazar was born on 28 April 1889, in Vimieiro, Beira Alta province, the son of a peasant estate manager and a shopkeeper. Most of his first 39 years were spent as a student, and later as a teacher in a secondary school and a professor at Coimbra University's law school. Nine formative years were spent at Viseu's Catholic Seminary (1900-09), preparing for the Catholic priesthood, but the serious, studious Salazar decided to enter Coimbra University instead in 1910, the year the Braganza monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the First Republic. Salazar received some of the highest marks of his generation of students and, in 1918, was awarded a doctoral degree in finance and economics. Pleading inexperience, Salazar rejected an invitation in August 1918 to become finance minister in the "New Republic" government of President Sidónio Pais.As a celebrated academic who was deeply involved in Coimbra University politics, publishing works on the troubled finances of the besieged First Republic, and a leader of Catholic organizations, Sala-zar was not as modest, reclusive, or unknown as later official propaganda led the public to believe. In 1921, as a Catholic deputy, he briefly served in the First Republic's turbulent congress (parliament) but resigned shortly after witnessing but one stormy session. Salazar taught at Coimbra University as of 1916, and continued teaching until April 1928. When the military overthrew the First Republic in May 1926, Salazar was offered the Ministry of Finance and held office for several days. The ascetic academic, however, resigned his post when he discovered the degree of disorder in Lisbon's government and when his demands for budget authority were rejected.As the military dictatorship failed to reform finances in the following years, Salazar was reinvited to become minister of finances in April 1928. Since his conditions for acceptance—authority over all budget expenditures, among other powers—were accepted, Salazar entered the government. Using the Ministry of Finance as a power base, following several years of successful financial reforms, Salazar was named interim minister of colonies (1930) and soon garnered sufficient prestige and authority to become head of the entire government. In July 1932, Salazar was named prime minister, the first civilian to hold that post since the 1926 military coup.Salazar gathered around him a team of largely academic experts in the cabinet during the period 1930-33. His government featured several key policies: Portuguese nationalism, colonialism (rebuilding an empire in shambles), Catholicism, and conservative fiscal management. Salazar's government came to be called the Estado Novo. It went through three basic phases during Salazar's long tenure in office, and Salazar's role underwent changes as well. In the early years (1928-44), Salazar and the Estado Novo enjoyed greater vigor and popularity than later. During the middle years (1944—58), the regime's popularity waned, methods of repression increased and hardened, and Salazar grew more dogmatic in his policies and ways. During the late years (1958-68), the regime experienced its most serious colonial problems, ruling circles—including Salazar—aged and increasingly failed, and opposition burgeoned and grew bolder.Salazar's plans for stabilizing the economy and strengthening social and financial programs were shaken with the impact of the civil war (1936-39) in neighboring Spain. Salazar strongly supported General Francisco Franco's Nationalist rebels, the eventual victors in the war. But, as the civil war ended and World War II began in September 1939, Salazar's domestic plans had to be adjusted. As Salazar came to monopolize Lisbon's power and authority—indeed to embody the Estado Novo itself—during crises that threatened the future of the regime, he assumed ever more key cabinet posts. At various times between 1936 and 1944, he took over the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of War (Defense), until the crises passed. At the end of the exhausting period of World War II, there were rumors that the former professor would resign from government and return to Coimbra University, but Salazar continued as the increasingly isolated, dominating "recluse of São Bento," that part of the parliament's buildings housing the prime minister's offices and residence.Salazar dominated the Estado Novo's government in several ways: in day-to-day governance, although this diminished as he delegated wider powers to others after 1944, and in long-range policy decisions, as well as in the spirit and image of the system. He also launched and dominated the single party, the União Nacional. A lifelong bachelor who had once stated that he could not leave for Lisbon because he had to care for his aged mother, Salazar never married, but lived with a beloved housekeeper from his Coimbra years and two adopted daughters. During his 36-year tenure as prime minister, Salazar engineered the important cabinet reshuffles that reflect the history of the Estado Novo and of Portugal.A number of times, in connection with significant events, Salazar decided on important cabinet officer changes: 11 April 1933 (the adoption of the Estado Novo's new 1933 Constitution); 18 January 1936 (the approach of civil war in Spain and the growing threat of international intervention in Iberian affairs during the unstable Second Spanish Republic of 1931-36); 4 September 1944 (the Allied invasion of Europe at Normandy and the increasing likelihood of a defeat of the Fascists by the Allies, which included the Soviet Union); 14 August 1958 (increased domestic dissent and opposition following the May-June 1958 presidential elections in which oppositionist and former regime stalwart-loyalist General Humberto Delgado garnered at least 25 percent of the national vote, but lost to regime candidate, Admiral Américo Tomás); 13 April 1961 (following the shock of anticolonial African insurgency in Portugal's colony of Angola in January-February 1961, the oppositionist hijacking of a Portuguese ocean liner off South America by Henrique Galvão, and an abortive military coup that failed to oust Salazar from office); and 19 August 1968 (the aging of key leaders in the government, including the now gravely ill Salazar, and the defection of key younger followers).In response to the 1961 crisis in Africa and to threats to Portuguese India from the Indian government, Salazar assumed the post of minister of defense (April 1961-December 1962). The failing leader, whose true state of health was kept from the public for as long as possible, appointed a group of younger cabinet officers in the 1960s, but no likely successors were groomed to take his place. Two of the older generation, Teotónio Pereira, who was in bad health, and Marcello Caetano, who preferred to remain at the University of Lisbon or in private law practice, remained in the political wilderness.As the colonial wars in three African territories grew more costly, Salazar became more isolated from reality. On 3 August 1968, while resting at his summer residence, the Fortress of São João do Estoril outside Lisbon, a deck chair collapsed beneath Salazar and his head struck the hard floor. Some weeks later, as a result, Salazar was incapacitated by a stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, was hospitalized, and became an invalid. While hesitating to fill the power vacuum that had unexpectedly appeared, President Tomás finally replaced Salazar as prime minister on 27 September 1968, with his former protégé and colleague, Marcello Caetano. Salazar was not informed that he no longer headed the government, but he never recovered his health. On 27 July 1970, Salazar died in Lisbon and was buried at Santa Comba Dão, Vimieiro, his village and place of birth.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira
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83 практика применения пыток
International law: practice of tortureУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > практика применения пыток
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84 процессуальные нормы
1) General subject: rule of procedure2) Law: practice, procedural rules (См. документ ООН A/CN.9/WG.V/WP.70 (Part I), п. 78), procedure, process, rules of procedure, rules of proceedings3) Diplomatic term: legal procedure, suspend the rules of procedure, waive the rules of procedure4) Business: legal procedures5) Makarov: ruleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > процессуальные нормы
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85 торговое обыкновение
1) General subject: business usage, commercial usage2) Law: practice of the trade, trade usage, usage of trade3) Business: custom of the trade, course of dealing between the partiesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > торговое обыкновение
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86 узанс
1) Law: practice of the trade, trade usage, usage, usage of trade2) Bills: usance -
87 частная юридическая практика
Education: private legal/law practiceУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > частная юридическая практика
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88 юридическая компания
1) General subject: LLP (Legal Law Practice)2) Business: legal firmУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > юридическая компания
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89 uanasheria
------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] uanasheria[English Word] law (practice of)[Part of Speech] noun[Swahili Example] uanasheria wa kisasa ni tofauti na ule wa kizamani------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] uanasheria[English Word] legal matters[Part of Speech] noun------------------------------------------------------------ -
90 adwokacki
a.prawn. attorney's, solicitor's, barrister's; kancelaria adwokacka barrister's office; porada adwokacka legal advice; praktyka adwokacka law practice; zespół adwokacki barristers' offices; aplikacja adwokacka articles.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > adwokacki
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91 приватна адвокатська практика
Українсько-англійський юридичний словник > приватна адвокатська практика
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92 адвокатская практика
обычная практика, обычное дело — usual practice
Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > адвокатская практика
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93 судова практика
practice of judges, case-law of courts, cases, court practice, court rulings, judicial opinion, jurisdiction, jurisprudence, law of practice, legal usage -
94 сборник решений Суда королевской скамьи
Law: Adolphus and Ellis's Queen's Bench Reports (составители Адольфус и Эллис, 1834-1840), Aleyn's Reports (составитель Элейн, 1646-1648), Arnold and Hodges' Queen's Bench Reports (составители Арнольд и Ходжес, 1840-1841), Bamewall and Adolphus' King's Bench Reports (составители Барнуол и Адольфус, 1830-1834), Bamewall and Alderson's King's Bench Reports (составители Барнуол и Олдерсон, 1817-1822), Bamewall and Cresswell's King's Bench Reports (составители Барнуол и Кресвел), Barnewall and Alderson's King's Bench Reports (составители Барнуол и Олдерсон, 1817-1822), Bellewe's King's Bench Reports (составитель Беллуи, 1378-1400), Best and Smith's Reports (составители Бест и Смит, 1861-1870), Brooke's New Cases (составитель Брук, 1515-1558), Bulstrode's King's Bench Reports (составитель Балстрод, 1610-1625), Burrow's King's Bench Reports (составитель Барроу, 1757-1771), Cababe and Ellis's Queen's Bench Reports (составители Кабабе и Эллис, 1882-1885), Calthrop's King's Bench Reports (составитель Кальтроп, 1609-1618), Carthew's King's Bench Reports (составитель Картью), Cases of Practice (1702-1727), Cases of Practice, King's Bench (1702-1727), Comberbach's King's Bench Reports (составитель Комбербах, 1685-1699), Cowper's King's Bench Reports (составитель Каупер, 1774-1778), Cunningham's King's Bench Reports (составитель Каннингхем, 1734-1736), Davison and Merivale's Queen's Bench Reports (составители Дэвисон и Меривейл, 1843-1844), Douglas' King's Bench Reports (составитель Дуглас, 1778-1785), Dowling and Ryland's King's Bench Reports (составители Даулинг и Райланд, 1821-1827), Durnford and East's Kings Bench Reports (составители Дернфорд и Ист, 1785-1800), East's King's Bench Reports (составитель Ист, 1801-1812), Ellis and Blackburn's Queen's Bench Reports (составители Эллис и Блэкберн, 1852-1858), Ellis and Ellis' Queen's Bench Reports (составители Т. Эллис и Ф. Эллис, 1858-1861), Fitzgibbon's King's Bench Reports (составитель Фитцгиббон, 1728-1733), Fortescue's King's Bench Reports (составитель Фортескью, 1695-1738), Gale and Davison's Queen's Bench Reports (составители Гейл и Дэвисон, 1841-1843), Godbolt's King's Bench Reports (составитель Годболт, 1575-1638), Gouldsborough's King's Bench Reports (составитель Гоулдсборо, 1586-1602), Harrison and Wollaston's King's Bench Reports (составители Харрисон и Уолластон, 1835-1836), Hobart's King's Bench Reports (составитель Хобарт, 1603-1625), Holt's King's Bench Reports (составитель Холт, 1688-1710), Keble's King's Bench Reports (составитель Кебл, 1661-1679), Keilway's King's Bench Reports (составитель Кейлвей, 1496-1531), Kenyon's King's Bench Reports (составитель Кеньон, 1753-1759), Law Journal Reports, King's Bench, Law Journal Reports, Queen's Bench, Leonard's King's Bench Reports (составитель Леонард, 1540-1615), Levinz's King's Bench Reports (составитель Левинз, 1660-1697), Lofft's King's Bench Reports (составитель Лофт, 1772-1774), Manning and Ryland's King's Bench Reports (составители Мэннинг и Райланд, 1827-1830), March's King's Bench Reports (составитель Марч, 1639-1642), Maule and Selwyn's King's Bench Reports (составители Моул и Селвин, 1813-1817), Nevil and Perry's King's Bench Reports (составители Невил и Перри, 1836-1838), Nevile and Manning's King's Bench Reports (составители Невил и Мэннинг, 1831-1836), Noy's King's Bench Reports (составитель Ной, 1559-1649), Owen's King's Bench Reports (составитель Оуэн, 1556-1615), Palmer's King's Bench Reports (составитель Палмер, 1619-1629), Perry and Davison's Queen's Bench Reports (составители Перри и Дэвисон, 1838-1841), Pollexfen's King's Bench Reports (составитель Поллексфен, 1669-1685), Popham's King's Bench Reports (составитель Попхем, 1529-1627), Queen's Bench Reports (новая серия, составители Адольфус и Эллис, 1841-1852), Rolle's King's Bench Reports (составитель Ролл, 1614-1625), Rotuli Curiae Regis (1194-1199), Salkeld's King's Bench Reports (составитель Солкелд, 1689-1712), Saunders' King's Bench Reports (составитель Сондерс, 1666-1673), Sayer's King's Bench Reports (составитель Сэйер, 1751-1756), Shower's King's Bench Reports (составитель Шауэр, 1678-1695), Siderfin's King's Bench Reports (составитель Сайдерфин, 1657-1670), Skinner's King's Bench Reports (составитель Скиннер, 1681-1698), Strange's King's Bench Reports (составитель Стрейндж, 1716-1749), Style's King's Bench Reports (составитель Стайл, 1646-1655), T.Jones' King's Bench Reports (составитель Т.Джонс, 1667-1685), T.Raymond's King's Bench Reports, Ventris' King's Bench Reports (составитель Вентрис, 1668-1688), William Blackstone's King's Bench Reports (составитель У.Блэкстон, 1746-1780), William Jones' King's Bench Reports (составитель У.Джонс, 1620-1641), Wilson's King's Bench Reports (составитель Уилсон, 1742-1774), Yelverton's King's Bench Reports (составитель Елвертон, 1603-1613)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > сборник решений Суда королевской скамьи
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95 судебный обычай
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96 tuomioistuinkäytäntö
law• court practice judicial customlaw• judicial practice -
97 сборник решений суда общих тяжб
Law: Bames' Notes of Cases on Practice (составитель Барнс, 1732-1760), Bingham's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Бингхем, 1822-1834), Bosanquet and Puller's Common Pleas Reports (составители Босанкет и Пуллер, 1796-1804), Bridgman's Common Pleas Reports (составитель О.Бриджмен, 1660-1667), Cases of Practice (1702-1727), Cases of Practice, Common Pleas (1702-1727), Common Bench Reports (1840-1856), Cooke's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Кук, 1706-1747), Drinkwater's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Дринкуотер, 1840-1841), H.BIackstone's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Г.Блэкстон, 1788-1796), Harrison and Rutherford's Common Pleas Reports (составители Харрисон и Разерфорд, 1865-1866), Hetley's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Хетли, 1627-1632), Hodges' Common Pleas Reports (составитель Ходжес, 1835-1837), Hutton's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Хаттон, 1612-1639), Littleton's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Литлтон, 1626-1632), Lutwyche's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Лутвич, 1682-1704), Manning and Grander's Common Pleas Reports (составители Мэннинг и Грейнджер, 1840-1844), Manning and Granger's Common (составители Мэннинг и Грейнджер, 1840-1844), Marshall's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Маршалл, 1814-1816), Moore and Payne's Common (составители Мур и Пейн, 1828-1831), Moore and Payne's Common Pleas Reports (составители Мур и Пейн, 1828-1831), Moore and Scott's Common Pleas (составители Мур и Скотт, 1833-1834), Moore and Scott's Common Pleas Reports (составители Мур и Скотт, 1831-1834), Orlando Bridgroan's Common (составитель О.Бриджмен, 1660-1667), Savile's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Сэвил, 1580-1594), Scott's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Скотт, 1834-1840), Taunton's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Тонтон, 1808-1819), Vaughan's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Воган, 1665-1674), Willes' Common Pleas Reports (составитель Уиллис, 1737-1760), Winch's Common Pleas Reports (составитель Уинч, 1621-1625)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > сборник решений суда общих тяжб
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98 государственная практика
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > государственная практика
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99 изменническая деятельность
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > изменническая деятельность
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100 карательная практика
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > карательная практика
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