lătīnē

dĕcōrus, a, um, adj. [decor], Gr. euprepês.

Becoming, fitting, seemly, proper, suitable, decorous (class.).

With dat.:

QVAE QVOIQVE DIVO DECORAE GRATAEQVE SINT HOSTIAE PROVIDENTO,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20:

color albus praecipue decorus deo est,

id. ib. 2, 18, 45:

quod virginitati decorum,

Liv. 2, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 101; cf. ib. § 104, and 11, [p. 523] 1, 33 al.:

decorum erat tum ipsis capessere pugnam ducibus,

Liv. 2, 6; cf. Tac. A. 1, 12. —

With abl. (after the analogy of dignus):

(facinora puerilia) neque te decora neque tuis virtutibus,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 24 (cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 43).—

With ad (after the analogy of aptus, accommodatus, etc.):

nos auri venas invenimus et ad usum aptas et ad ornatum decoras,

Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151.—

With pro:

decorum pro causa ratus,

Tac. H. 3, 7.—

Absol.:

decorus est senis sermo, quietus et remissus,

Cic. de Sen. 9, 28; cf.:

vox et actio,

Quint. 10, 1, 17:

silentium,

Hor. Od. 4, 1, 35 et saep.:

nihil nisi quod honestum decorumque sit admirari,

Cic. Off. 1, 20:

omnino si quicquam est decorum, nihil est profecto magis, quam aequabilitas universae vitae,

id. ib. 1, 31, 111; Quint. 5, 10, 40 al.:

actuariis minutis Patras accedere... non satis visum est decorum,

Cic. Att. 5, 9; so with a subject-clause, id. ib. 4, 16, 3:

dulce et decorum est pro patria mori,

Hor. Od. 3, 2, 13; Ov. M. 9, 6 (opp. turpe); cf. ib. 13, 309 al.—

Subst.: dĕ-cōrum, i, n., in Cic. for the Gr. prepon, that which is seemly, suitable; seemliness, fitness, propriety, decorum (for which Quint. uses decor; cf.: decus init.): ut in vita, sic in oratione nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre. Prepon appellant hoc Graeci: nos dicamus sane decorum; Cic. Or. 21, 70; cf.: id, quod Graece prepon dicitur, decorum dici Latine potest, etc., id. Off. 1, 27 sq.; cf. id. ib. 1, 35; Tac. H. 1, 71.— Plur.:

vota pro reditu ejus et alia decora,

id. ib. 3, 47:

plura tribuere,

id. ib. 3, 5.

Absol., decorated, ornamented, adorned; elegant, fine, beautiful, handsome (not so in Cic.; but freq. in the poets and historians, esp. in Hor. and Tacit.): delubra deum, * Lucr. 2, 352; cf.:

aedes,

Hor. Od. 1, 30, 3; and:

supplicationes et alia decora,

Tac. A. 3, 47:

galeae ensesque,

Verg. A. 11, 194:

insigne clipei,

id. ib. 2, 392:

arma,

Sall. C. 7, 4 al.:

membra juventae,

Verg. A. 4, 559; cf.:

oculi,

id. ib. 11, 480:

pectus,

id. ib. 4, 589:

os,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 21:

facies,

id. ib. 1, 2, 87; Sall. J. 6, 1:

caput,

Ov. M. 6, 167:

juventa,

Tac. H. 1, 53:

genus,

id. A. 6, 27 al.:

palaestra,

noble, skilful, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 3:

verba,

id. S. 2, 7, 41; id. Ep. 2, 1, 73:

temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,

Tac. A. 1, 1.— Sup.: Zeus decorissimus, Apul. Mag. 4, p. 276, 4.—

With abl., adorned with any thing; shining, beautiful with any thing:

ductores ostro decori,

Verg. A. 5, 133; cf. id. ib. 12, 126:

Phoebus fulgente arcu,

Hor. Carm. Sec. 61:

Bacchus aureo cornu,

id. Od. 2, 19, 30:

Medi pharetrā,

id. ib. 2, 16, 2:

dea formāque armisque,

Ov. M. 2, 773:

satis decorus etiam Graeca facundia,

Tac. H. 2, 80.— With ab:

voces decorae ab aspectu,

Col. 6, 1. Adv.: dĕcōrē.

(Acc. to no. I.) Suitably, properly, decorously:

ut ea si non decore, at quam minime indecore facere possimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 31 fin.; cf. id. de Or. 1, 32, 144; 3, 47, 182; Sall. J. 100 fin. —

(acc. to no. II.), elegantly, charmingly, beautifully: formata d. Jovis species, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 12, 20 (cf. above, decora delubra deum).

dĕcōrus, a, um, adj. [decor], Gr. euprepês.

Becoming, fitting, seemly, proper, suitable, decorous (class.).

With dat.:

QVAE QVOIQVE DIVO DECORAE GRATAEQVE SINT HOSTIAE PROVIDENTO,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20:

color albus praecipue decorus deo est,

id. ib. 2, 18, 45:

quod virginitati decorum,

Liv. 2, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 101; cf. ib. § 104, and 11, [p. 523] 1, 33 al.:

decorum erat tum ipsis capessere pugnam ducibus,

Liv. 2, 6; cf. Tac. A. 1, 12. —

With abl. (after the analogy of dignus):

(facinora puerilia) neque te decora neque tuis virtutibus,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 24 (cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 43).—

With ad (after the analogy of aptus, accommodatus, etc.):

nos auri venas invenimus et ad usum aptas et ad ornatum decoras,

Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151.—

With pro:

decorum pro causa ratus,

Tac. H. 3, 7.—

Absol.:

decorus est senis sermo, quietus et remissus,

Cic. de Sen. 9, 28; cf.:

vox et actio,

Quint. 10, 1, 17:

silentium,

Hor. Od. 4, 1, 35 et saep.:

nihil nisi quod honestum decorumque sit admirari,

Cic. Off. 1, 20:

omnino si quicquam est decorum, nihil est profecto magis, quam aequabilitas universae vitae,

id. ib. 1, 31, 111; Quint. 5, 10, 40 al.:

actuariis minutis Patras accedere... non satis visum est decorum,

Cic. Att. 5, 9; so with a subject-clause, id. ib. 4, 16, 3:

dulce et decorum est pro patria mori,

Hor. Od. 3, 2, 13; Ov. M. 9, 6 (opp. turpe); cf. ib. 13, 309 al.—

Subst.: dĕ-cōrum, i, n., in Cic. for the Gr. prepon, that which is seemly, suitable; seemliness, fitness, propriety, decorum (for which Quint. uses decor; cf.: decus init.): ut in vita, sic in oratione nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre. Prepon appellant hoc Graeci: nos dicamus sane decorum; Cic. Or. 21, 70; cf.: id, quod Graece prepon dicitur, decorum dici Latine potest, etc., id. Off. 1, 27 sq.; cf. id. ib. 1, 35; Tac. H. 1, 71.— Plur.:

vota pro reditu ejus et alia decora,

id. ib. 3, 47:

plura tribuere,

id. ib. 3, 5.

Absol., decorated, ornamented, adorned; elegant, fine, beautiful, handsome (not so in Cic.; but freq. in the poets and historians, esp. in Hor. and Tacit.): delubra deum, * Lucr. 2, 352; cf.:

aedes,

Hor. Od. 1, 30, 3; and:

supplicationes et alia decora,

Tac. A. 3, 47:

galeae ensesque,

Verg. A. 11, 194:

insigne clipei,

id. ib. 2, 392:

arma,

Sall. C. 7, 4 al.:

membra juventae,

Verg. A. 4, 559; cf.:

oculi,

id. ib. 11, 480:

pectus,

id. ib. 4, 589:

os,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 21:

facies,

id. ib. 1, 2, 87; Sall. J. 6, 1:

caput,

Ov. M. 6, 167:

juventa,

Tac. H. 1, 53:

genus,

id. A. 6, 27 al.:

palaestra,

noble, skilful, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 3:

verba,

id. S. 2, 7, 41; id. Ep. 2, 1, 73:

temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,

Tac. A. 1, 1.— Sup.: Zeus decorissimus, Apul. Mag. 4, p. 276, 4.—

With abl., adorned with any thing; shining, beautiful with any thing:

ductores ostro decori,

Verg. A. 5, 133; cf. id. ib. 12, 126:

Phoebus fulgente arcu,

Hor. Carm. Sec. 61:

Bacchus aureo cornu,

id. Od. 2, 19, 30:

Medi pharetrā,

id. ib. 2, 16, 2:

dea formāque armisque,

Ov. M. 2, 773:

satis decorus etiam Graeca facundia,

Tac. H. 2, 80.— With ab:

voces decorae ab aspectu,

Col. 6, 1. Adv.: dĕcōrē.

(Acc. to no. I.) Suitably, properly, decorously:

ut ea si non decore, at quam minime indecore facere possimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 31 fin.; cf. id. de Or. 1, 32, 144; 3, 47, 182; Sall. J. 100 fin. —

(acc. to no. II.), elegantly, charmingly, beautifully: formata d. Jovis species, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 12, 20 (cf. above, decora delubra deum).

dĕ-hinc (in the poets freq. monosyllabic, e. g. Verg. A. 1, 131; 1, 256; Ov. F. 6, 788 al.; cf. App. Orth. 45. Dissyllabic in Verg. G. 3, 167; id. A. 3, 464; 5, 722; id. Hor. S. 1, 3, 104; id. A. P. 144; Sil. 8, 473 al.).— Adv., from this place forth, from here, hence.

In space.

Lit. (not ante-Aug. and rare):

interiora Cedrosii, dehinc Persae habitant,

Mel. 3, 8, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 38:

dehinc ab Syria usque ad, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 5. —

Transf.

In the order of succession ( poet.):

ex fumo dare lucem Cogitat ut speciosa dehinc miracula promat,

Hor. A. P. 143; Sil. 8, 473.—

Like our hence, to indicate a consequence (only in the foll. places):

sequi decretum'st, dehinc conjicito ceterum,

Plaut. Casin. 1, 6; Ter. And. 1, 2, 19.—

In time, with or without respect to the terminus a quo (freq. in Plaut. and Ter. and since the Aug. period; not in Cic., Caes., or Quint.).

With respect to the term. a quo, from this time forth, henceforth, henceforwards (in the future, opp. abhinc).

Cum futuro:

si ante quidem mentitus est, nunc jam dehinc erit verax tibi,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 161; cf.:

at ut scias, nunc dehinc latine jam loquar,

id. ib. 5, 2, 69; Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 33.—

Cum praes.:

profecto nemo est, quem jam dehinc metuam,

Plaut. Asin. 1, 1, 98; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 5; so,

ut quiescant,

id. And. prol. 22:

ne exspectetis,

id. Ad. prol. 22: cf.:

juro me L. Tarquinium Superbum ferro, igni, quacunque dehinc vi possim, exsecuturum,

Liv. 1, 59.—

With imperat.:

at nunc dehinc scito, illum, etc.,

Plaut. Asin. 5, 2, 8; cf. id. Poen. prol. 125. —

Referring to a point of time in the past, thenceforwards, since then:

cum ex instituto Tiberii omnes dehinc Caesares beneficia... aliter rata non haberent,

Suet. Tit. 8:

duplex dehinc fama est,

id. Calig. 58. —

Without respect to the term. a quo, pointing to a future time.

Hereupon, afterwards, next, then (not anteAug.):

Eurum ad se Zephyrumque vocat, dehinc talia fatur,

Verg. A. 1, 131; 1, 256; 5, 722; 6, 678; Hor. S. 1, 3, 104:

dehinc audito legionum tumultu raptim profectus, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 34; 13, 35; 15, 36; Suet. Caes. 35:

post-positum,

Tac. A. 4, 14; 13, 23; 13, 38:

quae postquam vates sic ore effatus amico est, Dona dehinc... imperat ad naves ferri,

Verg. A. 3, 464:

de qua dehinc dicam,

Suet. Aug. 97; id. Ner. 19.—

In enumerations ( = deinde), then (rare, and, excepting once in Sall., not anteAug.):

arduum videtur res gestas scribere: primum quod... dehinc quia, etc.,

Sall. C. 3, 2;

so after primum,

Verg. G. 3, 167;

after primo,

Suet. Aug. 49 fin.:

incipiet putrescere, dehinc laxata ire in humorem... tunc exsilient flumina, inde, etc.,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 29.—Cf. Hand, Turs. II. pp. 229-232.

dēmum (also demus, like prorsus, quorsus, rursus, deorsus, Liv. Andr. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 70, 8 Müll.; Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 51 Ritschl and Brix), adv. [a sup. form from de, downmost; cf.: sub, summus], used to give prominence to an idea in opposition to or restriction of another, at length, at last, not till then; just, precisely; only, etc.

In Latin of every period and description of writing (for syn. cf.: tandem, denique, postremum, primo).

Enclitically with pronouns, like adeo (but less freq.), just, precisely, especially, exactly, indeed; also translated by an emphasis of the pronoun:

id demum lepidumst,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 14; cf.:

sic sentio, id demum aut potius id solum esse miserum, quod turpe sit,

Cic. Att. 8, 8 init.:

idem velle atque idem nolle, ea demum firma amicitia est,

Sall. C. 20, 4; cf. id. ib. 12 fin.:

relinquere aculeum in audientium animis is demum potest, qui, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 18:

tamquam ad eam linguam demum natus esset,

Quint. 6 prooem. §

11: me fortuna hac demum voluit consistere terra,

Verg. A. 1, 629; cf. id. ib. 2, 743 al.:

ille demum antiquis est adulescens moribus,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 20:

per quaedam parva sane, si ipsa demum aestimes, ducunt,

Quint. 1, 10, 5:

vos demum, ut video, legem antiquastis sine tabella. Sed ego, etc.,

Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 38 (but Bait. vos quidem):

quae demum causae secundam valetudinem praestent, Cels. praef.: jam vero exsilium, si rerum naturam, non ignominiam nominis quaerimus, quantum demum a perpetua peregrinatione differt?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 107:

sciscitando eo demum pervenit, ut haud procul esset, quin Remum agnosceret,

Liv. 1, 5 fin. —

Strengthened by a preceding verum enim vero, or a following profecto:

verum enim vero id demum juvat, si quem, etc.,

Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 2; Sall. C. 2, 9; cf. Liv. 4, 4:

is demum profecto vitam aequa lance pensitabit, etc.,

Plin. 7, 7, 5.—

Separated from the pronoun:

hoc est demum quod percrucior,

Plaut. Bac. 5, 1, 13:

illa seges demum,

Verg. G. 1, 47.—

Enclitically with the adverbs nunc, tum, or tunc, post, modo, jam, ibi, sic, etc.; just, precisely, not till; also freq. expressed by more strongly accenting those particles.—

Nunc demum, Gr. nun dê, now, now at length, at last (cf.: nunc adeo, under 2. adeo, no. B. 2. c.):

nunc demum ego cum illa fabulabor libere,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 40;

so with scio,

id. Epid. 3, 4, 22; id. Mil. 2, 6, 62;

with intellego,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 12; cf.:

nunc demum rescribo iis litteris, quas, etc.,

Cic. Att. 16, 3; and:

undevicesimo aetatis anno dicere in foro coepi et nunc demum, quid praestare debeat orator, adhuc tamen per caliginem video,

yet it is only now that I am at length beginning to see, Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 8 et saep.—

In Plautus with following conjunctions, cum, quoniam, etc.:

nunc demum a me insipienter factum esse arbitror, Cum rem cognosco,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 80; cf. id. Rud. 4, 4, 78.—

Separated by pol, edepol, or other words:

nunc pol demum ego sum liber,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 14:

nunc edepol demum in memoriam regredior, cum cogito, etc.,

id. Capt. 5, 4; 25; id. Cas. 4, 4, 14; id. Aul. 1, 2, 1:

heu, nunc misero mihi demum Exsilium infelix!

Verg. A. 10, 849.—

Tum demum, then at length, then indeed (so most freq., esp. in the historians;

in Caes. only in this connection): tum demum Liscus oratione Caesaris adductus, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 50, 2; 1, 51, 2; Liv. 2, 20; 3, 12; Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6; Verg. A. 6, 330; 573; id. G. 3, 205; Ov. F. 4, 615 et saep.:

utraque re satis experta tum demum consules,

Liv. 2, 29.—

With foll. conjunct. ubi, si, cum, etc. (and in Plautus also separate; cf. above, no. 1. b. and c.):

ubi expolivero, Magis hoc tum demum dices,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; Sall. J. 46; Cels. 7, 27 fin.:

si id facies, tum demum scibis, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56; id. Men. 2, 2, 71; Cic. Rep. 1, 24; cf. with quodsi, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4:

ac tum demum, cum medium tenuere, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 7:

tum tu igitur demum id adulescenti aurum dabis, Ubi, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 52.—Once in this connection demum alone:

servata res est demum, si illam videro,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 68.—

Tunc demum (cf. Drak. Liv. 41, 3, 5):

tunc demum intelleges, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 121; Suet. Calig. 9; Vulg. Gen. 41, 9; and with cum, Col. praef. fin.;

with ubi,

Cels. 3, 6, and 10.—

Post demum, afterwards, not till after:

post eum demum huc cras adducam,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 65:

post igitur demum, etc.,

id. Amph. 3, 1, 16.—With post as praep.: unas enim post idus Martias, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 4:

post biduum demum,

Suet. Aug. 10 fin. —

Modo demum, only now, now for the first time:

modone id demum sensti,

Ter. And. 5, 3, 11.—

Jam demum, now at last, now (cf. dê... êdê, Eurip. Suppl. 980;

Troad. 235),

Ov. Tr. 2, 8.—

Ibi demum, just there:

illic ibi demum'st locus, ubi, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 3; Quint. 10, 3, 13:

ibi demum morte quievit,

Verg. A. 9, 445; cf. id. ib. 1, 629; Stat. Th. 2, 474; id. Silv. 2, 3, 14; cf.

also ibi demum, of time,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 53.—

Sic demum:

sic demum socios consumpta nocte reviso,

Verg. A. 2, 795; 6, 154.—

Ita demum, Vulg. 2 Mac. 6, 15.—

With the abl. temp. or absol.:

ego novus maritus anno demum quinto et sexagesimo fiam?

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 15:

decimo demum pugnavimus anno,

Ov. M. 13, 209:

quarta vix demum exponimur hora,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 23:

hieme demum,

Plin. Ep. 7, 2, 2:

pontificatum maximum, quem numquam vivo Lepido auferre sustinuerat, mortuo demum suscepit,

Suet. Aug. 31; cf.:

appellato demum collegio obtinuit,

id. Caes. 23:

his demum exactis,

Verg. A. 6, 637:

noctu demum rex recessit,

Curt. 7, 11, 20.—And once with the nominative of the part. perf.:

damnatus demum, vi coactus reddidit Mille et ducentos Philippos,

i. e. not until condemned, Plaut. Bac. 2, 4, 38.—

To add emphasis to the idea contained in a proposition, in fact, in very truth, certainly, indeed (rare):

ea sunt enim demum non ferenda in mendacio, quae, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 15:

immemor est demum, nec frugum munere dignus, qui, etc.,

Ov. M. 15, 122; Quint. 10, 6, 5;

so to strengthen a comparative (cf.: adeo, etiam): latius demum ire,

further yet, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 156:

num expositio haec longior demum esse debeat,

Quint. 4, 2, 79.—

In postAug. Latin.

Only, solely, exclusively ( = duntaxat, tantum, solum, tantummodo, modo): ne vulgarem viam ingressus, alienis demum vestigiis insisterem, Quint. prooem. § 3; id. 2, 15, 1:

adeo suis demum oculis credidit,

id. 11, 3, 68: quaedam (verba) tertiae demum personae figura dicuntur, ut licet, piget, id. 1, 4, 29: [p. 545] qui (Cicero) non assecutus esset docendo judicem tantum et utiliter demum ac Latine perspicueque dicendo, ut, etc., id. 8, 3, 3 et saep.:

nihil magis pro contione testatus est, quam id demum se habiturum, quod, etc.,

but just that, Suet. Oth. 6 et saep.:

ut non is demum sit veneficus, qui vitam abstulit data potione, sed etiam qui mentem,

Quint. 9, 2, 105; cf.

with the following verum etiam,

id. 7 prooem. § 1.—

Ita demum, only so; then or in that case only; not till then ( = tum demum);

esp. freq. in conditional propositions: si plus humoris excernitur quam assumitur, ita demum secundae valetudinis spes est,

Cels. 3, 21; Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 2; Suet. Claud. 25 al.—

To point out something as taking place only after previous delay, at length, at last = tandem:

quod oppidum Hispaniae frustra diu oppugnatum illitis demum galbano facibus succenderit,

Suet. Galb. 3; cf. corresp. with tandem, id. Calig. 6.—

For denique no. II. 2, finally, in fine:

ex quibus alium Ciceroni, alium Caesari, singulis demum singulos opponeremus,

Tac. Or. 26 fin. Cf. Hand Turs. II. p. 250-260; Zumpt ad Curt. 6, 39, 25; Mützell ad Curt. 3, 7, 8; 3, 22, 26.

dētĕrĭor, ius, adj. comp. ( sup. deterrimus, a um) [from an obs. adj. deter, from de, down; hence, lower, inferior, worse], worse, poorer, meaner (freq. and class.—for syn. cf.: malus, injustus, improbus; pravus, nequam, corruptus, perversus; and the compp. pejor, etc.).

Of inanimate things: seges, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13:

ruina rem non fecit deteriorem, haud scio an jam fructuosiorem,

Cic. Att. 14, 11 fin.: so, vectigalia, * Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4:

muraena carne,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 44:

deterior ac decolor aetas,

Verg. A. 8, 326:

forma,

Lucr. 4, 1275:

mores,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 9:

via,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 54 et saep.:

video meliora proboque, Deteriora sequor,

Ov. M. 7, 21:

cuncta aucta in deterius,

Tac. A. 2, 82; 3, 10; id. H. 3, 13 al.— Sup.:

genus reipublicae ex bono in deterrimum conversum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 26; so,

genus,

id. ib. 1, 42:

finis,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

causa belli,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 107:

color,

Verg. G. 3, 82:

cogitare optima simul et deterrima,

Quint. 12, 1, 4 et saep.—

Of persons:

quo deteriores anteponantur bonis,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 39;

opp. melior,

Cic. Phil. 13, 19; Quint. 2, 4, 21 al.;

opp. optimus,

Liv. 39, 27;

opp. strenuior,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 10:

vidi ego nequam homines, verum te neminem deteriorem,

id. Bac. 5, 2, 61 et saep.:

peditatu erat deterior,

weaker, Nep. Eum. 3 fin.:

infideli deterior,

Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 8.— Sup.:

homo deterrime et impudentissime,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16; id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81.— dēterius, adv., worse, less:

de male Graecis Latine scripta deterius,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:

nequi deterius huic sit quam quoi pessumest,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 80: valeo, Luccei. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14:

olet herba,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 19:

spe nostra si placeant,

id. S. 1, 10, 90.

dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (dixe for dixisse, Val. Ant. ap. Arn. 5, 1; DICASSIT dixerit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 15; rather = dicaverit), v. a. [orig. the same word with 2. dīco; cf. the meaning of abdĭco and abdīco, of indĭco and indīco, dedĭco, no. II. A. al., Corss. Ausspr. 1, 380].

To proclaim, make known. So perh. only in the foll. passage: pugnam, Lucil. ap. Non. 287, 30.—Far more freq.,

Relig. t. t., to dedicate, consecrate, devote any thing to a deity or to a deified person (for syn. cf.: dedico, consecro, inauguro).

Prop.: et me dicabo atque animam devotabo hostibus, Att. ap. Non. 98, 12:

donum tibi (sc. Jovi) dicatum atque promissum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72; cf.:

ara condita atque dicata,

Liv. 1, 7 (for which aram condidit dedicavitque, id. 28, 46 fin.); so,

aram,

id. 1, 7; 1, 20:

capitolium, templum Jovis O. M.,

id. 22, 38 fin.:

templa,

Ov. F. 1, 610:

delubrum ex manubiis,

Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 97:

lychnuchum Apollini,

id. 34, 3, 8, § 14:

statuas Olympiae,

id. 34, 4, 9, § 16:

vehiculum,

Tac. G. 40:

carmen Veneri,

Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 178; cf. Suet. Ner. 10 fin. et saep.:

cygni Apollini dicati,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73.—

With a personal object, to consecrate, to deify (cf. dedico, no. II. A. b.):

Janus geminus a Numa dicatus,

Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 34:

inter numina dicatus Augustus,

Tac. A. 1, 59.—

Transf., beyond the relig. sphere.

To give up, set apart, appropriate a thing to any one: recita;

aurium operam tibi dico,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 72; so,

operam,

id. Ps. 1, 5, 147; Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 12:

hunc totum diem tibi,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7:

tuum studium meae laudi,

id. Fam. 2, 6, 4:

genus (orationis) epidicticum gymnasiis et palaestrae,

id. Or. 13, 42:

librum Maecenati,

Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177; cf.:

librum laudibus ptisanae,

id. 18, 7, 15, § 75 al.:

(Deïopeam) conubio jungam stabili propriamque dicabo,

Verg. A. 1, 73; cf. the same verse, ib. 4, 126:

se Crasso,

Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11; cf.: se Remis in clientelam, * Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 7:

se alii civitati,

to become a free denizen of it, Cic. Balb. 11, 28;

for which: se in aliam civitatem,

id. ib. 12 fin. —

(I. q. dedico, no. II. A.) To consecrate a thing by using it for the first time:

nova signa novamque aquilam,

Tac. H. 5, 16.— Hence, dĭcātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. II.), devoted, consecrated, dedicated:

loca Christo dedicatissima, August. Civ. Dei, 3, 31: CONSTANTINO AETERNO AVGVSTO ARRIVS DIOTIMVS... N. M. Q. (i. e. numini majestatique) EIVS DICATISSIMVS,

Inscr. Orell. 1083.

dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( praes. DEICO, Inscr. Orell. 4848; imp. usu. dic; cf. duc, fac, fer, from duco, etc., DEICVNTO, and perf. DEIXSERINT, P. C. de Therm. ib. 3673; imp. dice, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 298, 29 Müll.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 109; id. Bac. 4, 4, 65; id. Merc. 1, 2, 47 al.; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 21; fut. dicem = dicam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 6 Müll.—Another form of the future is dicebo, Novius ap. Non. 507 (Com. v. 8 Rib.). — Perf. sync.:

dixti,

Plaut. As. 4, 2, 14; id. Trin. 2, 4, 155; id. Mil. 2, 4, 12 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 1, 1; 3, 2, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 100 et saep.; Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; id. Caecin. 29, 82; acc. to Quint. 9, 3, 22.— Perf. subj.:

dixis,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.:

dixem = dixissem,

Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 84; inf. dixe = dix isse, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 23; Varr. ib. 451, 16; Arn. init.; Aus. Sept. Sap. de Cleob. 8; inf. praes. pass. dicier, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 32; Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9 al.), v. a. [root DIC = DEIK in deiknumi; lit., to show; cf. dikê, and Lat. dicis, ju-dex, dicio], to say, tell, mention, relate, affirm, declare, state; to mean, intend (for syn. cf.: for, loquor, verba facio, dicto, dictito, oro, inquam, aio, fabulor, concionor, pronuntio, praedico, recito, declamo, affirmo, assevero, contendo; also, nomino, voco, alloquor, designo, nuncupo; also, decerno, jubeo, statuo, etc.; cf. also, nego.—The person addressed is usually put in dat., v. the foll.: dicere ad aliquem, in eccl. Lat., stands for the Gr. eipein pros tina, Vulg. Luc. 2, 34 al.; cf. infra I. B. 2. g).

Lit.

In gen.:

Amphitruonis socium nae me esse volui dicere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 228:

advenisse familiarem dicito,

id. ib. 1, 1, 197:

haec uti sunt facta ero dicam,

id. ib. 1, 1, 304; cf. ib. 2, 1, 23:

signi dic quid est?

id. ib. 1, 1, 265:

si dixero mendacium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 43; cf.

opp. vera dico,

id. ib. 1, 1, 238 al.:

quo facto aut dicto adest opus,

id. ib. 1, 1, 15; cf.:

dictu opus est,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68:

nihil est dictu facilius,

id. Phorm. 2, 1, 70:

turpe dictu,

id. Ad. 2, 4, 11:

indignis si male dicitur, bene dictum id esse dico,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27:

ille, quem dixi,

whom I have mentioned, named, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45 et saep.: vel dicam = vel potius, or rather:

stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite,

Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

mihi placebat Pomponius maxime vel dicam minime displicebat,

id. Brut. 57, 207; so id. ib. 70, 246; id. Fam. 4, 7, 3 al.—

Dicitur, dicebatur, dictum est, impers. with acc. and inf., it is said, related, maintained, etc.; or, they say, affirm, etc.: de hoc (sc. Diodoro) Verri dicitur, habere eum, etc., it is reported to Verres that, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18:

non sine causa dicitur, ad ea referri omnes nostras cogitationes,

id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; so,

dicitur,

Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Quint. 5, 7, 33; 7, 2, 44; Ov. F. 4, 508:

Titum multo apud patrem sermone orasse dicebatur, ne, etc.,

Tac. H. 4, 52; so,

dicebatur,

id. A. 1, 10:

in hac habitasse platea dictum'st Chrysidem,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 1:

dictum est,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 38, 56; Quint. 6, 1, 27:

ut pulsis hostibus dici posset, eos, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 3. Cf. also: hoc, illud dicitur, with acc. and inf., Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 72; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Quint. 4, 2, 91; 11, 3, 177 al. —Esp. in histt. in reference to what has been previously related:

ut supra dictum est,

Sall. J. 96, 1:

sicut ante dictum est,

Nep. Dion. 9, 5; cf. Curt. 3, 7, 7; 5, 1, 11; 8, 6, 2 et saep.—

(See Zumpt, Gram. § 607.) Dicor, diceris, dicitur, with nom. and inf., it is said that I, thou, he, etc.; or, they say that I, thou, etc.:

ut nos dicamur duo omnium dignissimi esse,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 47: cf. Quint. 4, 4, 6:

dicar Princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos Deduxisse modos,

Hor. Od. 3, 30, 10 al.:

illi socius esse diceris,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72: aedes Demaenetus ubi [p. 571] dicitur habitare, id. As. 2, 3, 2:

qui (Pisistratus) primus Homeri libros confusos antea sic disposuisse dicitur, ut nunc habemus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137 et saep.:

quot annos nata dicitur?

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 89:

is nunc dicitur venturus peregre,

id. Truc. 1, 1, 66 et saep. In a double construction, with nom. and inf., and acc. and inf. (acc. to no. b. and c.): petisse dicitur major Titius... idque ab eis facile (sc. eum) impetrasse, Auct. B. Afr. 28 fin.; so Suet. Oth. 7.—

Dictum ac factum or dictum factum (Gr. hama epos hama ergon), in colloq. lang., no sooner said than done, without delay, Ter. And. 2, 3, 7:

dictum ac factum reddidi,

it was "said and done" with me, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12; 5, 1, 31; cf.:

dicto citius,

Verg. A. 1, 142; Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; and:

dicto prope citius,

Liv. 23, 47, 6.—

In partic.

Pregn.

To assert, affirm a thing as certain (opp. nego):

quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:

dicebant, ego negabam,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; and:

quibus creditum non sit negantibus, iisdem credatur dicentibus?

id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.—

For dico with a negative, nego is used, q. v.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 799;

but: dicere nihil esse pulchrius, etc.,

Liv. 30, 12, 6; 21, 9, 3 Fabri; so,

freq. in Liv. when the negation precedes,

id. 30, 22, 5; 23, 10, 13 al.; cf. Krebs, Antibar. p. 355.—

dico is often inserted parenthetically, to give emphasis to an apposition:

utinam C. Caesari, patri, dico adulescenti contigisset, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105; id. Planc. 12, 30; Quint. 9, 2, 83; cf. Cic. Or. 58, 197; id. Tusc. 4, 16, 36; Sen. Ep. 14, 6; id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 24:

ille mihi praesidium dederat, cum dico mihi, senatui dico populoque Romano,

Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 20; Sen. Ep. 83, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 2; 3, 2, 2.—

In rhetor. and jurid. lang., to pronounce, deliver, rehearse, speak any thing.

With acc.:

oratio dicta de scripto,

Cic. Planc. 30 fin.; cf.:

sententiam de scripto,

id. Att. 4, 3, 3:

controversias,

Quint. 3, 8, 51; 9, 2, 77:

prooemium ac narrationem et argumenta,

id. 2, 20, 10:

exordia,

id. 11, 3, 161:

theses et communes locos,

id. 2, 1, 9:

materias,

id. 2, 4, 41:

versus,

Cic. Or. 56, 189; Quint. 6, 3, 86:

causam, of the defendant or his attorney,

to make a defensive speech, to plead in defence, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5; id. Quint. 8; id. Sest. 8; Quint. 5, 11, 39; 7, 4, 3; 8, 2, 24 al.; cf.

causas (said of the attorney),

Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5; 2, 8, 32 al.:

jus,

to pronounce judgment, id. Fl. 3; id. Fam. 13, 14; hence the praetor's formula: DO, DICO, ADDICO; v. do, etc.—

With ad and acc. pers., to plead before a person or tribunal:

ad unum judicem,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:

ad quos? ad me, si idoneus videor qui judicem, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 72; Liv. 3, 41.—

With ad and acc. of thing, to speak in reference to, in reply to:

non audeo ad ista dicere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 32, 78; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—

Absol.:

nec idem loqui, quod dicere,

Cic. Or. 32:

est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2; so,

de aliqua re pro aliquo, contra aliquem, etc., innumerable times in Cic. and Quint.: dixi, the t. t. at the end of a speech,

I have done, Cic. Verr. 1 fin. Ascon. and Zumpt, a. h. 1.;

thus, dixerunt, the t. t. by which the praeco pronounced the speeches of the parties to be finished,

Quint. 1, 5, 43; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 6, 4, 7.— Transf. beyond the judicial sphere:

causam nullam or causam haud dico,

I have no objection, Plaut. Mil. 5, 34; id. Capt. 3, 4, 92; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 42.—

To describe, relate, sing, celebrate in writing (mostly poet.):

tibi dicere laudes,

Tib. 1, 3, 31; so,

laudes Phoebi et Dianae,

Hor. C. S. 76:

Dianam, Cynthium, Latonam,

id. C. 1, 21, 1:

Alciden puerosque Ledae,

id. ib. 1, 12, 25:

caelestes, pugilemve equumve,

id. ib. 4, 2, 19:

Pelidae stomachum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 5:

bella,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Liv. 7, 29:

carmen,

Hor. C. 1, 32, 3; id. C. S. 8; Tib. 2, 1, 54:

modos,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 7:

silvestrium naturas,

Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 138 et saep.:

temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,

Tac. A. 1, 1; id. H. 1, 1:

vir neque silendus neque dicendus sine cura,

Vell. 2, 13.—

Of prophecies, to predict, foretell:

bellicosis fata Quiritibus Hac lege dico, ne, etc.,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 58:

sortes per carmina,

id. A. P. 403:

quicquid,

id. S. 2, 5, 59:

hoc (Delphi),

Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 43 et saep.—

To pronounce, articulate a letter, syllable, word: Demosthenem scribit Phalereus, cum Rho dicere nequiret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; Quint. 1, 4, 8; 1, 7, 21 al.—

To call, to name: habitum quendam vitalem corporis esse, harmoniam Graii quam dicunt, Lucr. 3, 106; cf.: Latine dicimus elocutionem, quam Graeci phrasin vocant, Quint. 8, 1, 1:

Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,

Verg. A. 3, 335:

hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

Hor. Od. 1, 2, 50:

uxor quondam tua dicta,

Verg. A. 2, 678 et saep. —Prov.:

dici beatus ante obitum nemo debet,

Ov. M. 3, 135.—

To name, appoint one to an office:

ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat,

Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: so,

dictatorem,

Liv. 5, 9; 7, 26; 8, 29:

consulem,

id. 10, 15; 24, 9; 26, 22 (thrice):

magistrum equitum,

id. 6, 39:

aedilem,

id. 9, 46:

arbitrum bibendi,

Hor. Od. 2, 7, 26 et saep.—

To appoint, set apart. fix upon, settle:

nam mea bona meis cognatis dicam, inter eos partiam,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113; cf. Pompon. ap. Non. 280, 19:

dotis paululum vicino suo,

Afran. ib. 26:

pecuniam omnem suam doti,

Cic. Fl. 35: quoniam inter nos nuptiae sunt dictae, Afran. ap. Non. 280, 24; cf.:

diem nuptiis,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 75:

diem operi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57:

diem juris,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 16:

diem exercitui ad conveniendum Pharas,

Liv. 36, 8; cf. id. 42, 28, and v. dies:

locum consiliis,

id. 25, 16:

leges pacis,

id. 33, 12; cf.:

leges victis,

id. 34, 57:

legem tibi,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 18; Ov. M. 6, 137; cf.:

legem sibi,

to give sentence upon one's self, id. ib. 13, 72:

pretium muneri,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 12 et saep.—With inf.: prius data est, quam tibi dari dicta, Pac. ap. Non. 280, 28. — Pass. impers.:

eodem Numida inermis, ut dictum erat, accedit,

Sall. J. 113, 6.—

To utter, express, esp. in phrases:

non dici potest, dici vix potest, etc.: non dici potest quam flagrem desiderio urbis,

Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 17, 5:

dici vix potest quanta sit vis, etc.,

id. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; id. Or. 17, 55; id. Red. ad Quir. 1, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 8; 11, 3, 85.—

(Mostly in colloq. lang.) Alicui, like our vulg. to tell one so and so, for to admonish, warn, threaten him:

dicebam, pater, tibi, ne matri consuleres male,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 88; cf. Nep. Datam. 5; Ov. Am. 1, 14, 1.—Esp. freq.:

tibi (ego) dico,

I tell you, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 76; id. Men. 2, 3, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 62 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 2, 33 Ruhnk.; id. ib. 4, 4, 23; id. Eun. 2, 3, 46; 87; Phaedr. 4, 19, 18; cf.:

tibi dicimus,

Ov. H. 20, 153; id. M. 9, 122; so, dixi, I have said it, i. e. you may depend upon it, it shall be done, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 90; 92.—

Dicere sacramentum or sacramento, to take an oath, to swear; v. sacramentum.

Transf., i. q. intellego, Gr. phêmi, to mean so and so; it may sometimes be rendered in English by namely, to wit:

nec quemquam vidi, qui magis ea, quae timenda esse negaret, timeret, mortem dico et deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86; id. de Or. 3, 44, 174: M. Sequar ut institui divinum illum virum, quem saepius fortasse laudo quam necesse est. At. Platonem videlicet dicis, id. Leg. 3, 1:

uxoris dico, non tuam,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 30 et saep.—Hence, dictum, i, n., something said, i. e. a saying, a word.

In gen.: haut doctis dictis certantes sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.; acc. to Hertz.: nec maledictis); so,

istaec dicta dicere,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 40:

docta,

id. ib. 2, 2, 99; id. Men. 2, 1, 24; Lucr. 5, 113; cf.

condocta,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 3:

meum,

id. As. 2, 4, 1:

ridiculum,

id. Capt. 3, 1, 22:

minimum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9:

ferocibus dictis rem nobilitare,

Liv. 23, 47, 4 al.:

ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,

Lucr. 5, 1224; cf.

facete,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 73; id. Poen. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 57; Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104 al.:

lepide,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 103:

absurde,

id. Capt. 1, 1, 3:

vere,

Nep. Alc. 8, 4:

ambigue,

Hor. A. P. 449 et saep.—Pleon.:

feci ego istaec dicta quae vos dicitis (sc. me fecisse),

Plaut. Casin. 5, 4, 17.—

In partic.

A saying, maxim, proverb:

aurea dicta,

Lucr. 3, 12; cf.

veridica,

id. 6, 24: Catonis est dictum. Pedibus compensari pecuniam, Cic. Fl. 29 fin. Hence, the title of a work by Caesar: Dicta collectanea (his Apophthegmata, mentioned in Cic. Fam. 9, 16), Suet. Caes. 56.—Esp. freq.,

For facete dictum, a witty saying, bon-mot, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54 fin. (cf. Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 1 fin.); Cic. Phil. 2, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 2; 16; 36; Liv. 7, 33, 3; Hor. A. P. 273 et saep.; cf. also, dicterium.—

Poetry, verse (abstr. and concr.): dicti studiosus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

rerum naturam expandere dictis,

Lucr. 1, 126; 5, 56:

Ennius hirsuta cingat sua dicta corona,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—

A prediction, prophecy, Lucr. 1, 103; Verg. A. 2, 115; Val. Fl. 2, 326 al.; cf. dictio.—

An order, command:

dicto paruit consul,

Liv. 9, 41; cf. Verg. A. 3, 189; Ov. M. 8, 815:

haec dicta dedit,

Liv. 3, 61; cf. id. 7, 33; 8, 34; 22, 25 al.: dicto audientem esse and dicto audire alicui, v. audio.—

A promise, assurance:

illi dixerant sese dedituros... Cares, tamen, non dicto capti, etc.,

Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Fur. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 34.

disco, dĭdĭci, 3 ( part. fut.: sic disciturum, etc., App. ap. Prisc. p. 887 P.), v. a. [from the root da-, Gr. dedaôs, daênai; dak-, cf. doceo, doctus, Gr. didaskô], to learn, to learn to know, to become acquainted with, etc. (for syn. cf.: capio, percipio, concipio, comprehendo, intellego, cognosco, nosco, agnosco, animadverto, calleo, scio—very freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).

With acc.:

litteras Graecas senex didici,

Cic. de Sen. 8, 26; id. Tusc. 1, 13, 29: so,

litteras,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 22:

jus civile,

id. Mur. 9, 19; 10, 23:

litteras apud aliquem,

Cic. Fam. 9, 10, 2:

dialectica ab aliquo,

id. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

artem ab aliquo,

Quint. 3, 1, 10 et saep.:

aliquid de aliquo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 31:

virtutem ex me, fortunam ex aliis,

Verg. A. 12, 435; cf. Quint. 12, 8, 6 al.:

fabularum similia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 36:

artes,

id. ib. 2, 21:

palaestram,

Quint. 5, 10, 121:

affectum,

id. 1, 11, 2:

inde vocabula prima,

Lucr. 5, 1042:

elementa prima,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 26:

dulces querelas,

Lucr. 5, 1384; cf.

preces,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 133 et saep.:

me peritus Discet Iber,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 20; cf.:

quem (Augustum) didicere Vindelici,

id. ib. 4, 14, 8:

omnes crimine ab uno,

Verg. A. 2, 66 et saep.— Pass.:

dum est, unde jus civile discatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45; cf.

jus,

Quint. 12, 3, 9:

Crassus, quod disci potuit de jure didicit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 143:

tot artibus discendis,

Quint. 12, 11, 9 et saep.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

pueri qui nare discunt,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9:

rapere et clepere,

Cic. Rep. 4, 5 (ap. Non. 20, 15):

Latine loqui,

Sall. J. 101, 6:

nobis ignoscere,

Quint. 11, 2, 45:

assem in partes diducere,

Hor. A. P. 326:

bene ferre magnam fortunam,

id. C. 3, 27, 75 et saep.:

bene ubi quod consilium discimus accidisse, etc.,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 15:

discit, Litavicum ad sollicitandos Haeduos profectum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 54:

animadverti et didici ex tuis litteris te omnibus in rebus habuisse rationem, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 3, 5; id. Ac. 2, 30 fin.:

deos didici securum agere aevum,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 101 et saep.—

With relat. clause:

plures discent, quemadmodum haec fiant, quam quemadmodum his resistatur,

Cic. Lael. 12, 41:

quantum in Etruria belli esset,

Liv. 10, 25:

patriae quid debeat, etc.,

Hor. A. P. 312 et saep.—

Absol.:

disces tu quidem a principe hujus aetatis philosophorum, et disces quamdiu voles,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2:

didicit,

i. e. oratory, id. Brut. 71, 249; Caes. B. G. 6, 14, 4; Quint. 1, 12, 14 al.:

discendi aut visendi causa maria transmittere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3; so,

discendi causa,

id. ib. 1, 10; id. Off. 2, 1, 4; Caes. B. G. 6, 13 fin. al.:

se ita a patribus majoribusque suis didicisse, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 6. —Ellipt.:

discebant fidibus antiqui, sc. canere,

Cic. de Sen. 8 fin. (cf.:

docere fidibus,

Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

scire fidibus,

Ter. Eun. 1, 5, 53).—

Transf., of inanimate subjects:

manus,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 159:

nec varios discet mentiri lana colores,

Verg. E. 4, 42:

arbores,

Plin. H. N. 16 prooem.—

To teach = docere (late Lat., cf. manthanein, and Eng. learn):

falsa discentes,

Amm. 14, 1.

dŏcĕo, cŭi, ctum, 2, v. a. [root da; Zend. dā, to know; strengthened, dak-; Gr. didaskô; Lat. disco], to teach, instruct, inform, show, tell, etc. (for syn. cf.: edoceo, perdoceo, erudio, praecipio, instituo).

In gen., with double acc. of person and thing:

pejor magister te istaec docuit... illa, quae te docui,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 55:

hunc hominem cursuram,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 9:

aliquem artem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54:

aliquem litteras,

id. Pis. 30:

aliquem ejusmodi rem,

id. Quint. 25, 79:

pueros elementa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 17 et saep.— Pass., with acc. rei:

is reliqua frustra docetur,

Quint. 4, 2, 90; 1, 5, 11; 3, 8, 70; 6, 2, 3; Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; id. S. 1, 6, 76 et saep.; cf.: doctus dogmam, Laber. ap. Prisc. p. 679 fin. P.; and:

doctus militiam,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 40, p. 224 ed. Gerl.—With inf.:

docemur auctoritate domitas habere libidines,

Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194; 1, 57, 244; id. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

docemur disputare, non vivere (= discimus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 13:

equi variare gyros docentur,

Tac. G. 6; Sall. J. 85, 33; Nep. Epam. 2, 1; Liv. 21, 3, 6.—With acc. pers. and inf.:

ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2; so id. Phil. 2, 4, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; id. Ep. 1, 14, 30 al.; cf. ellipt. with abl. of instrument:

Socratem fidibus (sc. canere),

Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

aliquem docendum curare equo, armisque,

Liv. 29, 1, 8; Zumpt, § 391 fin. —With acc. pers. and de, to instruct or inform one of:

de ejus injuriis judices docere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

aliquem de aliqua re,

id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26; 44, 127; id. de Or. 2, 24, 102; Sall. J. 13, 3 al. —With acc. pers. and rel. clause:

doceant eum, qui vir Sex. Roscius fuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; id. Att. 8, 2, 2; id. Fam. 3, 6, 5; 5, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 20 al.—With acc. pers.:

studiosos discendi erudiunt atque docent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156; id. Div. 2, 2; id. de Sen. 9, 29; Quint. 2, 5, 13; Hor. S. 2, 2, 50; id. Ep. 1, 13, 1 et saep.—With acc. rei:

coepit studiose omnia Docere, educare, ita uti si esset filia,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 37; so,

aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 5, 42 fin.; Quint. 7, 10, 10; 9, 4, 137; Hor. A. P. 306 et saep.; cf.

also: quod de lacu Albano docuisset,

Liv. 5, 15; so with two acc., Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 3; Cic. Clu. 70, 198.—With acc. and inf.:

docui per litteras, id nec opus esse nec fieri posse,

Cic. Att. 16, 8; Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 7; 5, 28, 4; Quint. 1, 5, 43; Hor. S. 2, 3, 63 et saep.— Absol.:

cum doceo et explano,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 82; id. Or. 42, 143; Quint. 3, 4, 15; 3, 5, 2 et saep.; cf.

also: Tyrannio docet apud me,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4 fin.

In partic.: fabulam, like the Gr. didaskein, qs. to teach a play to the actors, to rehearse; hence, to produce, exhibit on the stage:

minor fuit aliquanto is, qui primus fabulam dedit, quam ii, qui multas docuerant (Plautus et Naevius),

Cic. Brut. 18, 73; id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; Hor. A. P. 288; Gell. 17, 21, 42.—Hence, doctus, a, um, P. a., learned, skilled, versed, experienced in any thing (cf.: litteratus, eruditus, peritus, gnarus, scitus).— Absol.:

doctus vir et Graecis litteris eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 30, 114; cf. id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; 2, 74, 299:

adolescentes humanissimi et doctissimi,

id. Cael. 10, 24.—With ex:

fuit enim doctus ex disciplina Stoicorum,

Cic. Brut. 25.—With abl.:

docti et Graecis litteris et Latinis,

Cic. Brut. 46; 45 fin.; Sall. C. 25, 2; Mart. 10, 76. —With adv.:

nec minus Graece quam Latine doctus,

Suet. Gram. 7.—With gen.:

fandi doctissima Cymodocea,

Verg. A. 10, 225:

legum atque morum populi Romani jurisque civilis,

Gell. 13, 12, 1:

sagittarum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11:

artis lanificae,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 381.—With acc.:

(Maecenas) docte sermones utriusque linguae,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 5:

dulces modos (with citharae sciens),

id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

omnia,

Stat. Th. 2, 692:

litteras,

Gell. 19, 9, 7.—With inf.:

doctus sagittas tendere Sericas,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 9; 3, 6, 38; 4, 13, 7; id. Carm. Sec. 75 et saep.—With ad or in:

ad delinquendum doctior,

Ov. Tr. 2, 256:

in parum fausto carmine docta fui,

id. H. 21, 182:

Sapphica puella Musa doctior,

more skilled in song, Cat. 35, 17:

docta puella,

Prop. 1, 7, 11; 2, 11, 6 (3, 2, 6 M.);

2, 13, 11 (3, 4, 11 M.).—Esp. as epithet of Catullus by other poets,

Tib. 3, 6, 41; Ov. Am. 3, 9, 62:

Verona docti syllabas amat vatis,

Mart. 1, 61, 1; Ov. A. A. 2, 181.—As subst.: doctus, the man of skill.—Prov.:

doctus in se semper divitias habet,

Phaedr. 4, 21, 1; but class. only in plur.: doctī, ōrum, m., the learned:

doctorum est ista consuetudo,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17 et saep.—

Of things as subjects:

frontes,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 29:

tibia,

Prop. 2, 30, 16 (3, 28, 16 M.):

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20; cf.

vox,

Ov. P. 2, 5, 52:

voces Pythagoreorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

sermo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 25, 3:

prece,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 135:

manus artificis,

Tib. 1, 8, 12; cf. id. 2, 1, 70; Ov. F. 3, 832; 6, 792:

falx,

Prop. 2, 19, 12 (3, 12, 12 M.) et saep.—

In Plaut. and Ter., knowing, cunning, shrewd, subtle:

malum, callidum, doctum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 35; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43; id. Most. 1, 3, 122; 5, 1, 24 et saep.; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 6; id. Eun. 4, 7, 21; cf.

also, dolus,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 69; id. Ps. 1, 5, 70 al.— docte, adv.

Learnedly, skilfully (very rare; not in Cic.).— Comp., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33; Mart. 7, 46.— Sup., Sall. J. 95, 3.—

Cunningly, shrewdly, cleverly:

docte et sapienter dicis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 23:

docte tibi illam perdoctam dabo,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 103; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

docte sapere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 162; id. Most. 5, 1, 21 et saep.— Comp., Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 99.

dŏcĕo, cŭi, ctum, 2, v. a. [root da; Zend. dā, to know; strengthened, dak-; Gr. didaskô; Lat. disco], to teach, instruct, inform, show, tell, etc. (for syn. cf.: edoceo, perdoceo, erudio, praecipio, instituo).

In gen., with double acc. of person and thing:

pejor magister te istaec docuit... illa, quae te docui,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 55:

hunc hominem cursuram,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 9:

aliquem artem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54:

aliquem litteras,

id. Pis. 30:

aliquem ejusmodi rem,

id. Quint. 25, 79:

pueros elementa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 17 et saep.— Pass., with acc. rei:

is reliqua frustra docetur,

Quint. 4, 2, 90; 1, 5, 11; 3, 8, 70; 6, 2, 3; Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; id. S. 1, 6, 76 et saep.; cf.: doctus dogmam, Laber. ap. Prisc. p. 679 fin. P.; and:

doctus militiam,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 40, p. 224 ed. Gerl.—With inf.:

docemur auctoritate domitas habere libidines,

Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194; 1, 57, 244; id. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

docemur disputare, non vivere (= discimus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 13:

equi variare gyros docentur,

Tac. G. 6; Sall. J. 85, 33; Nep. Epam. 2, 1; Liv. 21, 3, 6.—With acc. pers. and inf.:

ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2; so id. Phil. 2, 4, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; id. Ep. 1, 14, 30 al.; cf. ellipt. with abl. of instrument:

Socratem fidibus (sc. canere),

Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

aliquem docendum curare equo, armisque,

Liv. 29, 1, 8; Zumpt, § 391 fin. —With acc. pers. and de, to instruct or inform one of:

de ejus injuriis judices docere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

aliquem de aliqua re,

id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26; 44, 127; id. de Or. 2, 24, 102; Sall. J. 13, 3 al. —With acc. pers. and rel. clause:

doceant eum, qui vir Sex. Roscius fuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; id. Att. 8, 2, 2; id. Fam. 3, 6, 5; 5, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 20 al.—With acc. pers.:

studiosos discendi erudiunt atque docent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156; id. Div. 2, 2; id. de Sen. 9, 29; Quint. 2, 5, 13; Hor. S. 2, 2, 50; id. Ep. 1, 13, 1 et saep.—With acc. rei:

coepit studiose omnia Docere, educare, ita uti si esset filia,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 37; so,

aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 5, 42 fin.; Quint. 7, 10, 10; 9, 4, 137; Hor. A. P. 306 et saep.; cf.

also: quod de lacu Albano docuisset,

Liv. 5, 15; so with two acc., Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 3; Cic. Clu. 70, 198.—With acc. and inf.:

docui per litteras, id nec opus esse nec fieri posse,

Cic. Att. 16, 8; Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 7; 5, 28, 4; Quint. 1, 5, 43; Hor. S. 2, 3, 63 et saep.— Absol.:

cum doceo et explano,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 82; id. Or. 42, 143; Quint. 3, 4, 15; 3, 5, 2 et saep.; cf.

also: Tyrannio docet apud me,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4 fin.

In partic.: fabulam, like the Gr. didaskein, qs. to teach a play to the actors, to rehearse; hence, to produce, exhibit on the stage:

minor fuit aliquanto is, qui primus fabulam dedit, quam ii, qui multas docuerant (Plautus et Naevius),

Cic. Brut. 18, 73; id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; Hor. A. P. 288; Gell. 17, 21, 42.—Hence, doctus, a, um, P. a., learned, skilled, versed, experienced in any thing (cf.: litteratus, eruditus, peritus, gnarus, scitus).— Absol.:

doctus vir et Graecis litteris eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 30, 114; cf. id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; 2, 74, 299:

adolescentes humanissimi et doctissimi,

id. Cael. 10, 24.—With ex:

fuit enim doctus ex disciplina Stoicorum,

Cic. Brut. 25.—With abl.:

docti et Graecis litteris et Latinis,

Cic. Brut. 46; 45 fin.; Sall. C. 25, 2; Mart. 10, 76. —With adv.:

nec minus Graece quam Latine doctus,

Suet. Gram. 7.—With gen.:

fandi doctissima Cymodocea,

Verg. A. 10, 225:

legum atque morum populi Romani jurisque civilis,

Gell. 13, 12, 1:

sagittarum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11:

artis lanificae,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 381.—With acc.:

(Maecenas) docte sermones utriusque linguae,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 5:

dulces modos (with citharae sciens),

id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

omnia,

Stat. Th. 2, 692:

litteras,

Gell. 19, 9, 7.—With inf.:

doctus sagittas tendere Sericas,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 9; 3, 6, 38; 4, 13, 7; id. Carm. Sec. 75 et saep.—With ad or in:

ad delinquendum doctior,

Ov. Tr. 2, 256:

in parum fausto carmine docta fui,

id. H. 21, 182:

Sapphica puella Musa doctior,

more skilled in song, Cat. 35, 17:

docta puella,

Prop. 1, 7, 11; 2, 11, 6 (3, 2, 6 M.);

2, 13, 11 (3, 4, 11 M.).—Esp. as epithet of Catullus by other poets,

Tib. 3, 6, 41; Ov. Am. 3, 9, 62:

Verona docti syllabas amat vatis,

Mart. 1, 61, 1; Ov. A. A. 2, 181.—As subst.: doctus, the man of skill.—Prov.:

doctus in se semper divitias habet,

Phaedr. 4, 21, 1; but class. only in plur.: doctī, ōrum, m., the learned:

doctorum est ista consuetudo,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17 et saep.—

Of things as subjects:

frontes,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 29:

tibia,

Prop. 2, 30, 16 (3, 28, 16 M.):

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20; cf.

vox,

Ov. P. 2, 5, 52:

voces Pythagoreorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

sermo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 25, 3:

prece,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 135:

manus artificis,

Tib. 1, 8, 12; cf. id. 2, 1, 70; Ov. F. 3, 832; 6, 792:

falx,

Prop. 2, 19, 12 (3, 12, 12 M.) et saep.—

In Plaut. and Ter., knowing, cunning, shrewd, subtle:

malum, callidum, doctum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 35; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43; id. Most. 1, 3, 122; 5, 1, 24 et saep.; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 6; id. Eun. 4, 7, 21; cf.

also, dolus,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 69; id. Ps. 1, 5, 70 al.— docte, adv.

Learnedly, skilfully (very rare; not in Cic.).— Comp., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33; Mart. 7, 46.— Sup., Sall. J. 95, 3.—

Cunningly, shrewdly, cleverly:

docte et sapienter dicis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 23:

docte tibi illam perdoctam dabo,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 103; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

docte sapere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 162; id. Most. 5, 1, 21 et saep.— Comp., Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 99.

ē-lŏquor, ēlŏcūtus (or ēloquūtus), 3, v. dep. a., to speak out, speak plainly, to utter; to pronounce, declare, state, express:

eloqui hoc est, omnia quae mente conceperis promere atque ad audientes perferre,

Quint. 8 prooem. § 15 (class.).

In gen. (so most freq. in Plautus).

With acc.:

id quod sentit eloqui non posse,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; so,

praeclare cogitata mentis,

id. Brut. 72 fin.:

audita,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 45:

nomen meum,

id. ib. prol. 18:

argumentum hujus tragoediae,

id. ib. 51;

96: rem, ut facta est,

id. ib. 4, 5, 8 et saep.: ille unum elocutus, ut memoria tenerent milites, etc., * Caes. B. C. 2, 34, 5:

Gratum elocuta consiliantibus Junone divis "Ilion, Ilion," etc.,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 17 et saep.—

Absol., Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 48; id. Curc. 2, 3, 29:

perge eloqui,

Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 36:

eloquar an sileam?

Verg. A. 3, 39 et saep.—

In partic., to speak in an oratorical or eloquent manner (only absol.): et Graece ab eloquendo rhêtôr et Latine eloquens dictus est, etc., Cic. Or. 19; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 3:

eloqui copiose melius est, quam vel acutissime sine eloquentia cogitare,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156; cf.:

composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 48:

eloquendi facultas,

Quint. 10, 1, 69 et saep.—Hence, ēlŏquens, entis, P. a.

Speaking, endowed with the faculty of speech:

cum res muta fit eloquens,

Auct. Her. 4, 53.—

Eloquent (for syn. cf.:

facundus, disertus, etc.): Is est eloquens, qui et humilia subtiliter et magna graviter et mediocria temperate potest dicere, etc.,

Cic. Or. 29, 100 sq.; cf. id. ib. 36, 19:

M. Antonius disertos ait se vidisse multos, eloquentem omnino neminem,

id. ib. 5, 18 sq.; id. de Or. 1, 21; Quint. 8 prooem. § 13; 12, 1, 21; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 5:

rhetor,

Cic. N. D. 2, 1:

senator (Cato),

Quint. 11, 1, 36:

vir,

Vulg. Act. 18, 24 et saep.— Comp., Quint. 12, 6, 6; App. Mag. p. 8 Bip.— Sup., Quint. 1, 1, 21; 4, 2, 58; 5, 13, 3; 8 prooem. § 13; Cic. Brut. 39, 145; Tac. Agr. 10 al.— Adv.: ēlŏquen-ter, eloquently: eloquenter, logiôs, Gloss. — Comp.:

eloquentius quam prius scribitur,

Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 6.— Sup.:

eloquentissime respondere,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 17; 6, 21, 4.

► ēlŏcūtus, a, um, in pass. signif.:

an quaedam extrinsecus sint elocuta,

Dig. 3, 2, 13, § 6.

ex-prĭmo, pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press or squeeze out, to force out (class.).

Lit.:

oleum ex malobathro,

Plin. 12, 26, 59, § 129:

sucum expresso semini,

id. 20, 1, 2, § 3:

sucum flore,

id. 21, 19, 74, § 127:

sucum radici,

id. 27, 13, 109, § 136; cf.: vinum palmis, oleum sesamae (dat.), id. 6, 28, 32, § 161:

oleum amygdalis,

id. 13, 1, 2, § 8:

sudorem de corpore,

Lucr. 5, 487:

lacrimulam oculos terendo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 23:

si nubium conflictu ardor expressus se emiserit, id esse fulmen,

Cic. Div. 2, 19, 44:

liquorem per densa foramina (cribri),

Ov. M. 12, 438; cf.:

aquam in altum,

Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 39:

aquam in altitudinem,

Vitr. 8, 7:

quantum has (turres) quotidianus agger expresserat,

had carried up, raised, Caes. B. G. 7, 22, 4 Oud.:

pecuniam alicui,

Suet. Oth. 5; id. Vesp. 4.—

Transf.

With an object denoting that out of which something is pressed or squeezed, to press, squeeze, wring:

spongiam ex oleo vel aceto,

Cels. 5, 24 med.:

lanam ex vino vel aceto,

Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 31; cf.:

Venus madidas exprimit imbre comas,

Ov. A. A. 3, 224:

spongiae expressae inter duas tabulas,

Plin. 31, 11, 47, § 128:

oleam,

id. 12, 27, 60, § 130:

folia rosae,

id. 21, 18, 73, § 122:

tuberculum,

id. 11, 11, 12, § 29.—

To form by pressure, to represent, form, model, portray, express (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose;

freq. in the elder Pliny): (faber) et ungues exprimet et molles imitabitur aere capillos,

Hor. A. P. 33; cf.:

alicujus furorem... verecundiae ruborem,

Plin. 34, 14, 40, § 140:

expressa in cera ex anulo imago,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 54:

imaginem hominis gypso e facie ipsa,

Plin. 35, 12, 44, § 153; cf.:

effigiem de signis,

id. ib.:

optime Herculem Delphis et Alexandrum, etc.,

id. 34, 8, 19, § 66 et saep.:

vestis stricta et singulos artus exprimens,

exhibiting, showing, Tac. G. 17:

pulcher aspectu sit athleta, cujus lacertos exercitatio expressit,

has well developed, made muscular, Quint. 8, 3, 10.

Trop.

To squeeze or wring out, to extort, wrest, elicit: lex, quam ex natura ipsa arripuimus, hausimus, expressimus, qs. pressed out, Cic. Mil. 4, 10:

utilitas expressit nomina rerum,

has imposed, Lucr. 5, 1029: cf.:

cum ab iis saepius quaereret, neque ullam omnino vocem exprimere posset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 3:

expressa est Romanis necessitas obsides dandi,

Liv. 2, 13, 4:

confessionem concessi maris hosti,

id. 37, 31, 5:

confessionem cruciatu,

Suet. Galb. 10:

deditionem ultimā necessitate,

Liv. 8, 2, 6:

pecunia vi expressa et coacta,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 165:

tu si tuis blanditiis a Sicyoniis nummulorum aliquid expresseris,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 9:

risum magis quam gemitum,

Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 7 et saep.—With ut:

expressi, ut conficere se tabulas negaret,

have constrained, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112:

expressit, ut polliceretur,

Curt. 6, 7. —

Transf. (acc. to I. B. 2.), to imitate, copy, represent, to portray, describe, express, esp. in words (cf. reddo):

cum magnitudine animi tum liberalitate vitam patris et consuetudinem expresserit,

i. e. imitated, Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4:

lex expressa ad naturam,

id. Leg. 2, 5, 13:

vitia imitatione ex aliquo expressa,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

rem ante oculos ponit, cum exprimit omnia perspicue, ut res prope dicam manu tentari possit,

Auct. Her. 4, 40, 62; cf. id. ib. §

63: hanc speciem Pasiteles caelavit argento et noster expressit Archias versibus,

Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79:

mores alicujus oratione,

id. de Or. 2, 43, 184:

multas nobis imagines fortissimorum virorum expressas scriptores Graeci et Latini reliquerunt,

id. Arch. 6, 14; cf. id. ib. 12, 30:

in Platonis libris omnibus fere Socrates exprimitur,

id. de Or. 3, 4, 15: Mithridaticum bellum magnum atque difficile totum ab hoc expressum est, depicted to the life, id. Arch. 9, 21; cf.:

ut Euryalum exprimat infans,

may resemble, Juv. 6, 81.—With rel.-clause as object:

diligenter, quae vis subjecta sit vocibus,

id. Fin. 2, 2, 6:

exprimere non possum, quanto sim gaudio affectus,

tell, express, Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 2; Vell. 2, 124, 1:

verbis exprimere quid quis sentiat,

Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 7:

quod exprimere dicendo sensa possumus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

mores in scriptis exprimere,

Suet. Vit. Ter. 4.—Of translating into another language, to render, translate:

si modo id exprimere Latine potuero,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. ib. 1, 44: katalêpsin, verbum e verbo exprimentes comprehensionem dicemus, id. Ac. 2, 10, 31:

nec tamen exprimi verbum e verbo necesse erit,

id. Fin. 3, 4, 15; cf.:

verbum de verbo expressum extulit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 11:

fabellae Latinae ad verbum de Graecis expressae,

Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; Plin. Ep. 4, 18, 1.—Of words, to pronounce, utter:

nolo exprimi litteras putidius nolo obscurari neglegentius,

with affected distinctness, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41:

verba,

Quint. 1, 2, 6; 9, 4, 10; 40 al.—Rarely of a personal object:

oratorem imitando effingere atque exprimere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 90:

moderatorem rei publicae nostris libris diligenter expressimus,

id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, expressus, a, um, P. a., clearly exhibited, prominent, distinct, visible, manifest, clear, plain, express (syn. solidus, opp. adumbratus).

Lit.:

species deorum, quae nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi, nihil eminentis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 75; cf.:

litterae lituraeque omnes assimulatae, expressae,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189:

corpora lacertis expressa,

powerful, muscular, Quint. 8 praef. §

19: protinus omnibus membris, expressus infans,

fully formed, id. 2, 4, 6.—

Trop.

In gen.:

habuit Catilina permulta maximarum non expressa signa, sed adumbrata virtutum,

Cic. Cael. 5, 12; cf.:

est gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

id. Tusc. 3, 2, 3 (v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 62, p. 723 sq.):

indicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12; cf.:

veri juris germanaeque justitiae solida et expressa effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

expressa sceleris vestigia,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62:

expressiora et illustriora,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 9; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 3; and:

quid expressius atque signatius in hanc causam?

Tert. Res. Carn. 3.—

Expressa carmina Battiadae, translated, Cat. 65, 16.—Of distinct pronunciation:

vitia oris emendet, ut expressa sint verba, ut suis quaeque litterae sonis enuntientur,

Quint. 1, 11, 4:

expressior sermo,

id. 1, 1, 37:

expressior loquacitas generi picarum est,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118. —In a bad sense, of a too emphatic, affected pronunciation: sonus erat dulcis: litterae neque expressae neque oppressae, ne aut obscurum esset aut putidum, Cic Off. 1, 37, 133.—Hence, adv.: expressē.

Lit., with pressure, strongly:

artus expressius fricare,

Scrib. Comp. 198.—

Trop., expressly, distinctly, clearly:

conscripta exempla,

Auct. Her. 4, 7, 10:

quod ipsum expressius Hesiodus hoc versu significavit,

Col. 11, 1, 29.—Of pronunciation, distinctly:

ut ea (R littera) a nullo expressius efferretur,

Val. Max. 8, 7, 1 ext.

forma, ae, f. [Sanscr. dhar-, dhar-āmi, bear; dhar-i-man, figure; Gr. thra- in thrênus, thronos; cf. Lat. frētus, frēnum, fortis, etc.], form, in the most comprehensive sense of the word, contour, figure, shape, appearance (syn.: species, frons, facies, vultus; figura).

Lit.

In gen.: Ha. Earum nutrix, qua sit facie, mihi expedi. Mi. Statura haud magna, corpore aquilo. Ha. Ipsa ea'st. Mi. Specie venusta, ore parvo, atque oculis pernigris. Ha. Formam quidem hercle verbis depinxti mihi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf.:

quia semper eorum suppeditabatur facies et forma manebat,

Lucr. 5, 1175:

corporis nostri partes totaque figura et forma et statura, quam apta ad naturam sit, apparet,

Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60:

si omnium animantium formam vincit hominis figura, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

forma ac species liberalis,

id. Cael. 3, 6; cf. id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 1, 27, 76 sqq.; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; id. N. D. 1, 10, 26: aspicite, o cives, senis Enni imagini' formam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. 1 ed. Vahl.):

hoc dico, non ab hominibus formae figuram venisse ad deos... Non ergo illorum humana forma, sed nostra divina dicenda est, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

formaï servare figuram,

Lucr. 4, 69; cf.:

Homeri picturam, non poesin videmus. Quae regio, quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114 (v. Moser ad h. l.):

eximia forma pueri,

id. ib. 5, 21, 61:

virgines formā excellente,

Liv. 1, 9, 11:

formā praestante puellae,

Ov. H. 3, 35:

forma viros neglecta decet,

id. A. A. 1, 509; cf.:

ut excellentem muliebris formae pulchritudinem muta in sese imago contineret,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

illa aetate venerabilis, haec formae pulchrituline,

Curt. 3, 11, 24:

virginem adultam, formā excellentem,

Liv. 3, 44, 4:

virginem maxime formā notam,

id. 4, 9, 4:

una et viginti formae litterarum,

Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93:

solis,

Lucr. 5, 571:

muralium falcium,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 5:

lanceae novae formae,

Suet. Dom. 10:

nova aedificiorum Urbis,

id. Ner. 16:

porticus,

Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5:

forma et situs agri,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4:

eādem cerā aliae atque aliae formae duci solent,

Quint. 10, 5, 9:

geometricae formae,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 187:

cum sit geometria divisa in numeros atque formas,

Quint. 1, 10, 35; cf.

also: Archimedes intentus formis, quas in pulvere descripserat,

Liv. 25, 31, 9:

dimidia circuli,

Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150:

clarissimorum virorum formae,

figures, images, Cic. Mil. 32, 86:

ille artifex, cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, etc.,

id. Or. 2, 9:

igneae formae,

i. e. fiery bodies, id. N. D. 2, 40, 101:

inque tori formam molles sternentur arenae,

in the shape, form, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47:

(sacellum) crudis laterculis ad formam camini,

Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 63:

ut haec mulier praeter formam nihil ad similitudinem hominis reservarit,

Cic. Clu. 70, 199.—In poet. circumlocution with gen.: astra tenent caeleste solum formaeque deorum, the forms of gods, for gods, Ov. M. 1, 73:

formae ferarum,

id. ib. 2, 78:

ursi ac formae magnorum luporum,

Verg. A. 7, 18:

formae ingentis leo,

of great size, Just. 15, 4, 17; Tac. A. 4, 72.—

In partic.

Pregn., a fine form, beauty:

di tibi formam, di tibi divitias dederant,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6; cf.:

et genus et formam regina pecunia donat,

id. ib. 1, 6, 37:

movit Ajacem forma captivae Tecmessae,

id. C. 2, 4, 6; Quint. 2, 5, 12:

neque, ut laudanda, quae pecuniam suam pluribus largitur, ita quae formam,

id. 5, 11, 26; 5, 12, 17.—Prov.:

forma bonum fragile est,

Ov. A. A. 2, 113.—

An outline, plan, design (of an architect, etc.):

cum formam videro, quale aedificium futurum sit, scire possum,

Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: domus erit egregia;

magis enim cerni jam poterat, quam quantum ex forma judicabamus,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (2, 6, 2):

qua ludum gladiatorium aedificaturus erat,

Suet. Caes. 31.—

A model after which any thing is made, a pattern, stamp, last (of a shoemaker), etc.:

utendum plane sermone, ut numo, cui publica forma est,

Quint. 1, 6, 3:

denarius formae publicae,

Sen. Ben. 5, 29; cf.: formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt, Tac. G. 5:

formas binarias, ternarias et quaternarias, et denarias etiam resolvi praecepit neque in usu cujusquam versari,

stamped money, coins, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; cf. Curt. 5, 2, 11:

si scalpra et formas non sutor (emat),

Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; cf.:

forma calcei,

Dig. 9, 2, 5, § 3.—

A mould which gives form to something:

(caseus) vel manu figuratur vel buxeis formis exprimitur,

Col. 7, 8 fin.:

formae in quibus aera funduntur,

Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168; hence, a frame, case, enclosure:

opus tectorium propter excellentiam picturae ligneis formis inclusum,

id. 35, 14, 49, § 173:

formas rivorum perforare,

i. e. the conduits, pipes, Front. Aquaed. 75:

aquaeductus,

Dig. 7, 1, 27.—Hence,

Transf., the aqueduct itself, Front. Aquaed. 126.—

A rescript, formulary (post-class., whereas the dimin. formula is predominant in this signif.):

ex eorum (amicorum) sententia formas composuit,

Capitol. Anton. 6; so Cod. Just. 1, 2, 20.—

Item forma appellatur puls miliacea ex melle, Paul. ex Fest. p. 83 Müll.

Trop.

In gen., shape, form, nature, manner, kind:

ad me quasi formam communium temporum et totius rei publicae misisti expressam,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4; cf.:

formam quidem ipsam et tamquam faciem honesti vides,

id. Off. 1, 5, 14:

innumerabiles quasi formae figuraeque dicendi,

id. Or. 3, 9, 34:

cum, quae forma et quasi naturalis nota cujusque sit, describitur, ut, si quaeratur avari species, seditiosi, gloriosi,

id. de Or. 3, 29, 115; cf.:

quae sit in ea species et forma et notio viri boni,

id. Off. 3, 20, 81:

forma ingenii,

id. Brut. 85, 294:

rei publicae,

id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.:

exemplar formaque rei publicae,

id. Rep. 2, 11:

forma et species et origo tyranni,

id. ib. 2, 29:

forma rerum publicarum,

id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34 fin.:

officii,

id. Off. 1, 29, 103:

propositi,

Vell. 1, 16:

sollicitudinum,

Tac. A. 4, 60:

formam vitae inire,

id. ib. 1, 74:

secundum vulgarem formam juris,

Dig. 30, 1, 111:

scelerum formae,

Verg. A. 6, 626:

poenae,

id. ib. 615.—

In partic.

In philos. lang., like species, a sort, kind: nolim, ne si Latine quidem dici possit, specierum et speciebus dicere; et saepe his casibus utendum est: at formis et formarum velim... Genus et formam definiunt hoc modo: genus est notio ad plures differentias pertinens;

forma est notio, cujus differentia ad caput generis et quasi fontem referri potest. Formae igitur sunt hae, in quas genus sine ullius praetermissione dividitur, ut si quis jus in legem, morem, aequitatem dividat, etc.,

Cic. Top. 7, 31; cf.:

genus et species, quam eandem formam Cicero vocat,

Quint. 5, 10, 62: a forma generis, quam interdum, quo planius accipiatur, partem licet nominare, hoc modo, etc.... Genus enim est uxor;

ejus duae formae: una matrumfamilias, altera earum, quae tantummodo uxores habentur,

Cic. Top. 4, 14:

quod haec (partitio) sit totius in partes, illa (divisio) generis in formas,

Quint. 5, 10, 63:

duae formae matrimoniorum,

id. 5, 10, 62.—

In gram.

The grammatical quality, condition of a word:

in quo animadvertito, natura quadruplicem esse formam, ad quam in declinando accommodari debeant verba, etc.,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 37 sq.; 101 sq. Müll.; Quint. 10, 1, 10.—

The grammatical form of a word:

utrum in secunda forma verbum temporale habeat in extrema syllaba AS an IS, ad discernendas dissimilitudines interest,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 109 Müll.:

aeditimus ea forma dictum, qua finitimus,

Gell. 12, 10, 1.

formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [forma], to shape, fashion, form (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense).

Lit.: omnis fere materia nondum formata rudis appellatur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 265:

materia, quam fingit et format effectio,

Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 6:

utcumque temperatus sit aër, ita pueros orientes animari atque formari,

id. Div. 2, 42, 89:

lapsos formare capillos,

to adjust, Prop. 1, 3, 23:

classem in Ida,

Verg. A. 9, 80:

vultus,

Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 56:

e Pario formatum marmore signum,

Ov. M. 3, 419.— Absol.:

(individua corpora, i. e. atomi) formare, figurare, colorare, animare (se ipsa) non possent,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 110.—

Trop., to shape, form, regulate, dispose, direct; to prepare, compose, etc. (in Cic. only with abstr. objects):

verba nos, sicut mollissimam ceram, ad nostrum arbitrium formamus et fingimus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 177:

orationem,

id. ib. 2, 9, 36:

verba recte formare,

Quint. 1, 12, 9; 10, 7, 7:

ea quae inter se discrepant,

Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 34:

eloquentiam,

Quint. 2, 10, 2:

actionem,

id. 11, 3, 180:

disciplinam filii,

id. 4 praef. § 1; cf.:

studia ejus, id. prooem. § 5: consuetudinem partim exercitationis assiduitate partim ratione formare,

Cic. Ac. 1, 5, 20:

mores,

Quint. 12, 2, 27:

vitam et mores juventutis,

Plin. Pan. 47, 1:

custodireque in aetate prima pudorem,

Quint. 1, 2, 4:

nulla res magis penetrat in animos, eosque fingit, format, flectit, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 38, 142:

quae formabat canendo Heroum mentes,

Sil. 11, 452; cf. Quint. 1, 12, 10:

animum judicum,

id. 4, 1, 60:

mentes,

id. 2, 16, 10:

mores juventutis quam principaliter formas!

Plin. Pan. 47, 1; 88, 3:

epistolas orationesque et edicta alieno formabat ingenio,

Suet. Dom. 20; cf.:

si quid res exigeret, Latine formabat,

id. Aug. 89:

inventus est ejus de hac re sermo formatus,

id. Ner. 47:

personam formare nevam,

to invent, Hor. A. P. 126: versus meos cantat formatque citharā, qs. trims, embellishes them, Plin. Ep. 4, 19, 4:

cogitet oratorem institui, rem arduam, etiam cum ei formando nihil defuerit,

Quint. 1, 1, 10; cf.: (juvenis) ita a me formari et institui cupit, ut, etc., Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 3:

perfectum ora torem,

Quint. 2, 15, 33:

sapientem,

id. 1, 10, 5:

virum,

id. 12, 1, 44:

puerum dictis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 121:

feros cultus hominum recentum dictis,

id. C. 1, 10, 3:

tenerae nimis mentes asperioribus formandae studiis,

id. ib. 3, 24, 54:

poëtam (with alere),

id. A. P. 307:

format enim natura prius nos intus ad omnem Fortunarum habitum,

id. ib. 108:

ad credendum ante formatus,

Quint. 5, 7, 8; 7, 3, 14:

opus movendi judicum animos atque in eum quem volumus habitum formandi,

id. 6, 2, 1; 11, 1, 2:

at quae non tacita formavi gaudia mente,

Ov. Am. 3, 7, 63:

se in mores alicujus,

Liv. 1, 21, 2: in admirationem formata, i. e. feigning, simulans, Suet. Claud. 37.

fors, fortis, f. [fero, to bring, whence fortuna, v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300 sq.], chance, hap, luck, hazard.

Subst.

As an appellative noun (used only in the nom. and abl.; syn.: fortuna, casus, sors): quo saxum impulerit fors, eo cadere Fortunam autumant, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 368 Rib., who regards this verse as spurious); cf.: quibus natura prava magis quam fors aut fortuna obfuit, Att. ap. Non. 425, 13 (Trag. Rel. ed. Rib. v. 110): cui parilem fortuna locum fatumque tulit fors, Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 15; cf.

also: casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors,

Lucr. 3, 983 Lachm. N. cr.:

unum hoc scio: Quod fors feret, feremus aequo animo,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 88:

sed haec, ut fors tulerit,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.:

sed haec fors viderit,

id. ib. 14, 13, 3;

4, 10, 1: quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit, seu fors objecerit,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 2:

quia tam incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10:

telum quod cuique fors offerebat, arripuit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43; Hor. S. 1, 6, 54; 2, 1, 59:

forte quadam divinitus super ripas Tiberis effusus lenibus stagnis,

Liv. 1, 4, 4:

fors fuit, ut, etc.,

it happened that, Gell. 12, 8, 2:

fors fuat pol!

so be it! God grant it! Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 4;

post-class.: fors fuat, ut his remediis convalescamus,

Symm. Ep. 2, 7; Aus. Ep. 16: fors fuat, an, etc., it might so happen that; perchance, i. q. forsitan, Symm. Ep. 1, 39; 4, 28 and 29; cf.

also: pretio fors fuat officiove, etc.,

perhaps, Sid. Ep. 9, 7 (but not in Lucr. 1, 486, v. Lachm. ad h. l.).—

Personified, Fors, the goddess of chance:

dea Fors,

Ov. F. 6, 775; also in the connection Fors Fortuna, whose temple was situated on the Tiber, outside of the city: vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors, Virtute experiamur, Enn. ap. Cic. de Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 203 ed. Vahl.); so,

sit sane Fors domina campi,

Cic. Pis. 2, 3:

fors, in quo incerti casus significantur magis (different from Fortuna),

id. Leg. 2, 11 fin. Mos. N. cr.:

sed de illa ambulatione Fors viderit, aut si qui est qui curet deus,

id. Att. 4, 10, 1:

saeva,

Cat. 64, 170:

dies Fortis Fortunae appellatus ab Servio Tullio rege, quod is fanum Fortis Fortunae secundum Tiberim extra urbem Romam dedicavit Junio mense,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 17 Müll.; cf.;

aedis Fortis Fortunae,

Liv. 10, 46, 14; Tac. A. 2, 41:

Fortunae Fortis honores,

Ov. F. 6, 773:

o Fortuna! o Fors Fortuna! quantis commoditatibus hunc onerastis diem!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1 (quoted by Varr. ap. Non. 425, 19; for Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18, v. II. B. 1. infra).

Adverb., in the nom. and abl.

fors, ellipt., for fors sit, it might happen, i. e. perchance, perhaps, peradventure (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

similiter fors, cum sit nominativus, accipitur pro adverbio,

Prisc. p. 1015 P.:

et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris, Ni, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 232; 6, 535:

cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno,

if perchance, id. ib. 12, 183; Val. Fl. 3, 665; Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 2.—Esp. in the connection fors et, i. q. fortasse etiam, perhaps too:

iste quod est, ego saepe fui, sed fors et in hora Hoc ipso ejecto carior alter erit,

Prop. 2, 9, 1:

et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani, Fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis,

Verg. A. 11, 50; 2, 139:

fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Stat. S. 3, 4, 4.—Less freq.:

fors etiam,

Val. Fl. 4, 620.—

forte, by chance, by accident, casually, accidentally; freq. with casu, temere, fortuna (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

forte fortuna per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 75: aut forte omnino ac fortuna vincere bello: Si forte et temere omnino, quid cursum ad honorem? Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 16 sq.:

si forte, temere, casu aut pleraque fierent aut omnia, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf.:

nisi ista casu nonnumquam, forte, temere concurrerent,

id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

quam saepe forte temere Eveniunt, quae non audeas optare,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 30; cf. Liv. 41, 2, 7:

nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,

id. 23, 3, 3: perpulere, ut forte temere in adversos montes erigeret, 2, 31, 5; 25, 38, 12;

39, 15, 11: quibus forte temere humana negotia volvi persuasum est,

Curt. 5, 11, 10:

captivi quidam pars forte pars consilio oblati,

Liv. 9, 31, 7:

dumque hoc vel forte, vel providentia, vel utcumque constitutum rerum naturae corpus, etc.,

Vell. 2, 66, 5; cf.:

mihi haec et talia audienti in incerto judicium est, fatone res mortalium et necessitate immutabili, an forte volvantur,

Tac. A, 6, 22: [p. 771] si adhuc dubium fuisset, forte casuque rectores terris, an aliquo numine darentur, Plin. Pan. 1, 4:

seu dolo seu forte surrexerit, parum compertum,

Tac. H. 2, 42; cf.:

seu forte seu tentandi causa,

Suet. Aug. 6:

donec advertit Tiberius forte an quia audiverat,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

cum casu diebus iis itineris faciendi causa, Puteolos forte venissem,

Cic. Planc. 26, 65:

cum cenatum forte apud Vitellios esset,

Liv. 2, 4, 5:

ibi cum stipendium forte militibus daretur,

id. 2, 12, 6:

forte aspicio militem,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 58; cf.:

fit forte obviam mihi Phormio,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 11:

rus ut ibat forte,

id. ib. 63:

forte ut assedi in stega,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 44:

lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere,

id. Most. 2, 2, 56:

forte evenit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 51, 141; id. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Liv. 1, 7, 13:

Tarenti ludi forte erant,

Plaut. Men. prol. 29:

erat forte brumae tempus,

Liv. 21, 54, 7:

et pernox forte luna erat,

id. 32, 11, 9:

per eos forte dies consul copias Larisam ducere tribunos militum jussit,

i. e. it came to pass on one of those days, id. 36, 14, 1:

per eosdem forte dies, etc.,

id. 37, 20, 1; 37, 34, 1; cf. Tac. A. 4, 59:

in locum tribuni plebis forte demortui candidatum se ostendit,

Suet. Aug. 10. —So nearly = aliquando (mostly poet. and post - Aug.):

forte per angustam tenuis vulpecula rimam repserat in cumeram frumenti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

ibam forte via sacra,

id. S. 1, 9, 1; Mart. 1, 54, 7:

forte quondam in disponendo mane die praedixerat, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11; Aur. Vict. de Caes. 17, 5.—

Transf., to denote uncertainty, corresp. to the Gr. an, perhaps, perchance, peradventure.

In conditional and causal sentences.

With si:

irae si quae forte eveniunt hujusmodi,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 60:

si quis vestrum, judices, aut eorum qui assunt, forte miratur, etc.,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:

hicine vir usquam, nisi in patria, morietur? aut, si forte, pro patria?

id. Mil. 38, 104:

si forte est domi,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 104; Liv. 1, 7, 6:

si forte eos primus aspectus mundi conturbaverat, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 90:

si te Latina forte deficient,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 25:

si qui me forte locus admonuerit,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

si quae te forte res aliquando offenderit,

id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

quod si forte ceciderint,

id. Lael. 15, 53:

si quando, si forte, tibi visus es irasci alicui,

id. Rep. 1, 38 Mos. N. cr.; cf. id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—Rarely forte si:

forte si tussire occepsit, ne sic tussiat, ut, etc.,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 49:

ita demum novatio fit... forte si condicio vel sponsor vel dies adiciatur,

Gai. Inst. 3, 177.—Rarely with ellipsis of si:

protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta invitat qui forte velint, i. e. si qui forte velint,

Verg. A, 5, 485.—

With nisi ironically:

hoc te monitum, nisi forte ipse non vis, volueram,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 59:

nemo fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos, nisi forte erunt digni calamitate,

id. Off. 2, 18, 62; 3, 24, 93: is constantiam teneat;

nisi forte se intellexerit errasse, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 33, 120:

negare hoc, nisi forte negare omnia constituisti, nullo modo potes,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149: accedam ad omnia tua, Torquate;

nisi memoria forte defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 44.—In indirect locution with an inf.:

nisi forte clarissimo cuique plures curas, majora pericula subeunda, delenimentis curarum et periculorum carendum esse,

Tac. A. 2, 33.— Ironically, unless indeed, unless to be sure:

Erucii criminatio tota, ut arbitror, dissoluta est, nisi forte exspectatis, ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82; cf.:

immo vero te audiamus, nisi forte Manilius interdictum aliquod inter duo soles putat esse componendum,

id. Rep. 1, 13:

ortum quidem amicitiae videtis nisi quid ad haec forte vultis,

id. Lael. 9, 32; id. Mil. 7, 17; 31, 84; id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; id. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Fat. 16, 37; Sall. C. 20, 17; Quint. 10, 1, 70; Tac. H. 4, 74.—

With ne:

ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 24 and 26; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56:

pacem ab Aesculapio Petas, ne forte tibi eveniat magnum malum,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 21:

qui metuo, ne te forte flagitent,

Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

metuens, ne forte deprehensus retraheretur,

Liv. 2, 12, 4:

comperisse me non audeo dicere, ne forte id ipsum verbum ponam, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4: ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur, hominem toties irasci, id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; id. Att. 2, 18, 2.—Rarely with ut non instead of ne, Quint. 1, 3, 1.—

In relat. clauses (very rare):

nisi si quispiamst Amphitruo alius, qui forte te hic absente tamen tuam rem curet,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 195:

unus in hoc non est populo, qui forte Latine reddere verba queat,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 53:

nam qui forte Stichum et Erotem emerit, recte videtur ita demonstrare,

Gai. Inst. 4, 59; Aur. Vict. Caes. 10, 3; 39, 45.—

In gen. (rare; not in Cic., for in Off. 2, 20, 70, the true read. is: in uno illo aut, si forte, in liberis ejus manet gratia, B. and K.;

and in the corrupt passage,

id. Att. 10, 12, 5; Orelli reads: fortiter ac tempestive;

Kayser, fortiter vel cum tempestate): quid si apud te veniat de subito prandium aut potatio Forte, aut cena,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 47:

neque solum alium pro alio pedem metrorum ratio non recipit, sed ne dactylum quidem aut forte spondeum alterum pro altero,

Quint. 9, 4, 49:

sive non trino forte nundino promulgata, sive non idoneo die, etc.,

id. 2, 4, 35:

ut sciant, an ad probandum id quod intendimus forte respondeant,

id. 5, 10, 122; cf. id. 7, 3, 20: quo casu licet uxori vel in omnes res, vel in unam forte aut duas (optare), Gai Inst. 1, 150; 4, 74:

forte quid expediat, communiter aut melior pars Malis carere quaeritis laboribus,

what may perhaps be of some use, Hor. Epod. 16, 15:

alii nulli rem obligatam esse quam forte Lucio Titio,

than for instance, Dig. 20, 1, 15, § 2; 30, 1, 67; 48, 22, 7, § 6; Gai. Inst. 3, 179.

fors, fortis, f. [fero, to bring, whence fortuna, v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300 sq.], chance, hap, luck, hazard.

Subst.

As an appellative noun (used only in the nom. and abl.; syn.: fortuna, casus, sors): quo saxum impulerit fors, eo cadere Fortunam autumant, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 368 Rib., who regards this verse as spurious); cf.: quibus natura prava magis quam fors aut fortuna obfuit, Att. ap. Non. 425, 13 (Trag. Rel. ed. Rib. v. 110): cui parilem fortuna locum fatumque tulit fors, Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 15; cf.

also: casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors,

Lucr. 3, 983 Lachm. N. cr.:

unum hoc scio: Quod fors feret, feremus aequo animo,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 88:

sed haec, ut fors tulerit,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.:

sed haec fors viderit,

id. ib. 14, 13, 3;

4, 10, 1: quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit, seu fors objecerit,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 2:

quia tam incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10:

telum quod cuique fors offerebat, arripuit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43; Hor. S. 1, 6, 54; 2, 1, 59:

forte quadam divinitus super ripas Tiberis effusus lenibus stagnis,

Liv. 1, 4, 4:

fors fuit, ut, etc.,

it happened that, Gell. 12, 8, 2:

fors fuat pol!

so be it! God grant it! Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 4;

post-class.: fors fuat, ut his remediis convalescamus,

Symm. Ep. 2, 7; Aus. Ep. 16: fors fuat, an, etc., it might so happen that; perchance, i. q. forsitan, Symm. Ep. 1, 39; 4, 28 and 29; cf.

also: pretio fors fuat officiove, etc.,

perhaps, Sid. Ep. 9, 7 (but not in Lucr. 1, 486, v. Lachm. ad h. l.).—

Personified, Fors, the goddess of chance:

dea Fors,

Ov. F. 6, 775; also in the connection Fors Fortuna, whose temple was situated on the Tiber, outside of the city: vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors, Virtute experiamur, Enn. ap. Cic. de Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 203 ed. Vahl.); so,

sit sane Fors domina campi,

Cic. Pis. 2, 3:

fors, in quo incerti casus significantur magis (different from Fortuna),

id. Leg. 2, 11 fin. Mos. N. cr.:

sed de illa ambulatione Fors viderit, aut si qui est qui curet deus,

id. Att. 4, 10, 1:

saeva,

Cat. 64, 170:

dies Fortis Fortunae appellatus ab Servio Tullio rege, quod is fanum Fortis Fortunae secundum Tiberim extra urbem Romam dedicavit Junio mense,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 17 Müll.; cf.;

aedis Fortis Fortunae,

Liv. 10, 46, 14; Tac. A. 2, 41:

Fortunae Fortis honores,

Ov. F. 6, 773:

o Fortuna! o Fors Fortuna! quantis commoditatibus hunc onerastis diem!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1 (quoted by Varr. ap. Non. 425, 19; for Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18, v. II. B. 1. infra).

Adverb., in the nom. and abl.

fors, ellipt., for fors sit, it might happen, i. e. perchance, perhaps, peradventure (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

similiter fors, cum sit nominativus, accipitur pro adverbio,

Prisc. p. 1015 P.:

et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris, Ni, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 232; 6, 535:

cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno,

if perchance, id. ib. 12, 183; Val. Fl. 3, 665; Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 2.—Esp. in the connection fors et, i. q. fortasse etiam, perhaps too:

iste quod est, ego saepe fui, sed fors et in hora Hoc ipso ejecto carior alter erit,

Prop. 2, 9, 1:

et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani, Fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis,

Verg. A. 11, 50; 2, 139:

fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Stat. S. 3, 4, 4.—Less freq.:

fors etiam,

Val. Fl. 4, 620.—

forte, by chance, by accident, casually, accidentally; freq. with casu, temere, fortuna (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

forte fortuna per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 75: aut forte omnino ac fortuna vincere bello: Si forte et temere omnino, quid cursum ad honorem? Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 16 sq.:

si forte, temere, casu aut pleraque fierent aut omnia, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf.:

nisi ista casu nonnumquam, forte, temere concurrerent,

id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

quam saepe forte temere Eveniunt, quae non audeas optare,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 30; cf. Liv. 41, 2, 7:

nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,

id. 23, 3, 3: perpulere, ut forte temere in adversos montes erigeret, 2, 31, 5; 25, 38, 12;

39, 15, 11: quibus forte temere humana negotia volvi persuasum est,

Curt. 5, 11, 10:

captivi quidam pars forte pars consilio oblati,

Liv. 9, 31, 7:

dumque hoc vel forte, vel providentia, vel utcumque constitutum rerum naturae corpus, etc.,

Vell. 2, 66, 5; cf.:

mihi haec et talia audienti in incerto judicium est, fatone res mortalium et necessitate immutabili, an forte volvantur,

Tac. A, 6, 22: [p. 771] si adhuc dubium fuisset, forte casuque rectores terris, an aliquo numine darentur, Plin. Pan. 1, 4:

seu dolo seu forte surrexerit, parum compertum,

Tac. H. 2, 42; cf.:

seu forte seu tentandi causa,

Suet. Aug. 6:

donec advertit Tiberius forte an quia audiverat,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

cum casu diebus iis itineris faciendi causa, Puteolos forte venissem,

Cic. Planc. 26, 65:

cum cenatum forte apud Vitellios esset,

Liv. 2, 4, 5:

ibi cum stipendium forte militibus daretur,

id. 2, 12, 6:

forte aspicio militem,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 58; cf.:

fit forte obviam mihi Phormio,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 11:

rus ut ibat forte,

id. ib. 63:

forte ut assedi in stega,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 44:

lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere,

id. Most. 2, 2, 56:

forte evenit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 51, 141; id. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Liv. 1, 7, 13:

Tarenti ludi forte erant,

Plaut. Men. prol. 29:

erat forte brumae tempus,

Liv. 21, 54, 7:

et pernox forte luna erat,

id. 32, 11, 9:

per eos forte dies consul copias Larisam ducere tribunos militum jussit,

i. e. it came to pass on one of those days, id. 36, 14, 1:

per eosdem forte dies, etc.,

id. 37, 20, 1; 37, 34, 1; cf. Tac. A. 4, 59:

in locum tribuni plebis forte demortui candidatum se ostendit,

Suet. Aug. 10. —So nearly = aliquando (mostly poet. and post - Aug.):

forte per angustam tenuis vulpecula rimam repserat in cumeram frumenti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

ibam forte via sacra,

id. S. 1, 9, 1; Mart. 1, 54, 7:

forte quondam in disponendo mane die praedixerat, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11; Aur. Vict. de Caes. 17, 5.—

Transf., to denote uncertainty, corresp. to the Gr. an, perhaps, perchance, peradventure.

In conditional and causal sentences.

With si:

irae si quae forte eveniunt hujusmodi,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 60:

si quis vestrum, judices, aut eorum qui assunt, forte miratur, etc.,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:

hicine vir usquam, nisi in patria, morietur? aut, si forte, pro patria?

id. Mil. 38, 104:

si forte est domi,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 104; Liv. 1, 7, 6:

si forte eos primus aspectus mundi conturbaverat, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 90:

si te Latina forte deficient,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 25:

si qui me forte locus admonuerit,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

si quae te forte res aliquando offenderit,

id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

quod si forte ceciderint,

id. Lael. 15, 53:

si quando, si forte, tibi visus es irasci alicui,

id. Rep. 1, 38 Mos. N. cr.; cf. id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—Rarely forte si:

forte si tussire occepsit, ne sic tussiat, ut, etc.,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 49:

ita demum novatio fit... forte si condicio vel sponsor vel dies adiciatur,

Gai. Inst. 3, 177.—Rarely with ellipsis of si:

protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta invitat qui forte velint, i. e. si qui forte velint,

Verg. A, 5, 485.—

With nisi ironically:

hoc te monitum, nisi forte ipse non vis, volueram,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 59:

nemo fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos, nisi forte erunt digni calamitate,

id. Off. 2, 18, 62; 3, 24, 93: is constantiam teneat;

nisi forte se intellexerit errasse, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 33, 120:

negare hoc, nisi forte negare omnia constituisti, nullo modo potes,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149: accedam ad omnia tua, Torquate;

nisi memoria forte defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 44.—In indirect locution with an inf.:

nisi forte clarissimo cuique plures curas, majora pericula subeunda, delenimentis curarum et periculorum carendum esse,

Tac. A. 2, 33.— Ironically, unless indeed, unless to be sure:

Erucii criminatio tota, ut arbitror, dissoluta est, nisi forte exspectatis, ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82; cf.:

immo vero te audiamus, nisi forte Manilius interdictum aliquod inter duo soles putat esse componendum,

id. Rep. 1, 13:

ortum quidem amicitiae videtis nisi quid ad haec forte vultis,

id. Lael. 9, 32; id. Mil. 7, 17; 31, 84; id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; id. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Fat. 16, 37; Sall. C. 20, 17; Quint. 10, 1, 70; Tac. H. 4, 74.—

With ne:

ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 24 and 26; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56:

pacem ab Aesculapio Petas, ne forte tibi eveniat magnum malum,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 21:

qui metuo, ne te forte flagitent,

Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

metuens, ne forte deprehensus retraheretur,

Liv. 2, 12, 4:

comperisse me non audeo dicere, ne forte id ipsum verbum ponam, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4: ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur, hominem toties irasci, id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; id. Att. 2, 18, 2.—Rarely with ut non instead of ne, Quint. 1, 3, 1.—

In relat. clauses (very rare):

nisi si quispiamst Amphitruo alius, qui forte te hic absente tamen tuam rem curet,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 195:

unus in hoc non est populo, qui forte Latine reddere verba queat,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 53:

nam qui forte Stichum et Erotem emerit, recte videtur ita demonstrare,

Gai. Inst. 4, 59; Aur. Vict. Caes. 10, 3; 39, 45.—

In gen. (rare; not in Cic., for in Off. 2, 20, 70, the true read. is: in uno illo aut, si forte, in liberis ejus manet gratia, B. and K.;

and in the corrupt passage,

id. Att. 10, 12, 5; Orelli reads: fortiter ac tempestive;

Kayser, fortiter vel cum tempestate): quid si apud te veniat de subito prandium aut potatio Forte, aut cena,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 47:

neque solum alium pro alio pedem metrorum ratio non recipit, sed ne dactylum quidem aut forte spondeum alterum pro altero,

Quint. 9, 4, 49:

sive non trino forte nundino promulgata, sive non idoneo die, etc.,

id. 2, 4, 35:

ut sciant, an ad probandum id quod intendimus forte respondeant,

id. 5, 10, 122; cf. id. 7, 3, 20: quo casu licet uxori vel in omnes res, vel in unam forte aut duas (optare), Gai Inst. 1, 150; 4, 74:

forte quid expediat, communiter aut melior pars Malis carere quaeritis laboribus,

what may perhaps be of some use, Hor. Epod. 16, 15:

alii nulli rem obligatam esse quam forte Lucio Titio,

than for instance, Dig. 20, 1, 15, § 2; 30, 1, 67; 48, 22, 7, § 6; Gai. Inst. 3, 179.

Graeci, ōrum, m., = Graikoi, the Grecians, Greeks: contendunt Graecos, Graios memorare solent sos, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.):

eos septem, quos Graeci sapientes nominaverunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7:

apud Graecos,

id. ib. 1, 3, 5; id. Fl. 27, 64:

quia Graecorum sunt antiquissima quaeque Scripta vel optima, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 28.— Sing.: Graecus, i, m., a Greek:

processit ille, et Graecus apud Graecos non de culpa sua dixit, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 7, 17:

ignobilis,

Liv. 39, 8, 3:

Graecus Graecaque,

Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12.—

Derivv.

Graecus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Greeks, Greek, Grecian:

plus te operae Graecis dedisse rebus video... deinde nullam Graecarum rerum significationem daret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 152 sq.; cf.

litterae,

id. Brut. 20, 78.—In neutr. absol.:

Graeca leguntur in omnibus fere gentibus,

Cic. Arch. 10, 23:

lingua (opp. Latina),

id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

ludi,

founded on Greek subjects, id. Fam. 7, 1, 3 (opp. Osci); id. Att. 16, 5, 1:

homines,

Grecian people, Greeks, id. Mil. 29, 80; id. Tusc. 2, 27, 65:

testis,

id. Fl. 5, 11:

more bibere,

i. e. to drink healths, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

Graeca fide mercari,

i. e. without credit, with ready money, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 47: nux, i. e. an almond, Cloat. ap. Macr. S. 2, 44: pantherae, from Asiatic Greece, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5:

rosa,

a kind of rose, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 18: ovis, perh. Tarentine, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 27: via, perh. to Magna Graecia, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3.—Prov.: ad Calendas Graecas, i. q. our next day after never (since the Greeks had no Calends), August. ap. Suet. Aug. 87.—Hence, subst.: Graecum, i, n., the Greek language, Greek (rare):

Graeco melius usuri,

Quint. 5, 10, 1:

librum e Graeco in Latinum convertere,

Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87.— Adv. in two forms,

Graece, in the Greek language, in Greek:

cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

Acilius qui Graece scripsit historiam,

id. Off. 2, 32, 115:

loqui,

id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15:

optime scire,

id. de Or. 2, 66, 265; cf.

nescire,

id. Fl. 4, 10:

licet legatum Graece scriptum non valeat,

Ulp. Fragm. 25, 9:

omnia Graece,

Juv. 6, 188.—

Graecātim, in the Greek manner:

amiciri,

Tert. Pall. 4.—

Graecĭa, ae, f., the country of the Greeks, Greece: ad Trojam cum misi ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 28 (Trag. v. 362 Vahl.):

quod de Corintho dixi, id haud scio an liceat de cuncta Graecia verissime dicere,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:

Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 156:

magna,

Ov. H. 16, 340.—In apposition:

terra,

Gell. 1, 1, 2; M. Aur. ap. Fronto Ep. 2, 9 Mai.—

Transf.: Magna Graecia, Lower Italy, inhabited by Greeks, Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 3, 5, 6, § 42; Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; 3, 34, 139; id. Lael. 4, 13; id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38; called also Mājor Graecia, Liv. 31, 7, 11; Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 6 med.; Sil. 11, 21; whereas by a Greek proper it is called Parva Graecia, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 55; and absol.:

Graecia,

Cic. Arch. 5, 10.— Poet.: Major Graecia, in gen., for Italy:

Itala nam tellus Graecia major erat,

Ov. F. 4, 64.—

Graecānĭcus, a, um, adj., of Greek origin, in the Greek manner or fashion, Grecian, Greek (rare;

not in Cic.): alia (verba) Graeca, alia Graecanica,

i. e. words borrowed from the Greeks, Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll.:

torcula,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317:

pavimentum,

id. 36, 25, 63, § 188:

color,

id. 34, 9, 20, § 98:

toga, i. e. pallium,

Suet. Dom. 4: milites, living in the Greek manner, voluptuously, Vulc. Avid. Cass. 5.—Hence, adv.: Graēcānĭce, in Greek:

dicere,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.—

Graecŭlus, a, um, adj. dim., Grecian, Greek (mostly in a depreciating, contemptuous sense): ineptum sane negotium et Graeculum, thorough Greek, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 86:

motus quidam temerarius Graeculae contionis,

id. Fl. 10, 23:

cautio chirographi,

i. e. not to be relied upon, id. Fam. 7, 18, 1:

homines,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47:

ferrum,

Flor. 2, 7, 9:

civitas Massilia,

id. 4, 2, 24 Duk.— Subst.:

Graecŭlus, i, m.

A paltry Greek, Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 102; id. Pis. 29, 70.—Prov.:

Graeculus esuriens in caelum, jusseris, ibit,

Juv. 3, 78.—In the form Graecŭlĭo, Petr. 76 fin. —

Post-Aug., without any odious accessory notion, for Graecus:

vitis,

Col. 3, 2, 24:

mala,

Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 50:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 18.—

Graecŭla, ae, f., a Greekling, a weak imitator of Greek women, Juv. 6, 186.—

Graecĭensis, e, adj., Grecian (post-Aug. and very rare):

mare,

Plin. 4, 21, 18, § 51:

scimpodium,

Gell. 19, 10, 1.—

Graecālis, e, adj., Grecian, Greek (late Lat.):

lapides,

inscribed with Greek letters, Front. de Col. p. 116 Goes.

Graeci, ōrum, m., = Graikoi, the Grecians, Greeks: contendunt Graecos, Graios memorare solent sos, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.):

eos septem, quos Graeci sapientes nominaverunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7:

apud Graecos,

id. ib. 1, 3, 5; id. Fl. 27, 64:

quia Graecorum sunt antiquissima quaeque Scripta vel optima, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 28.— Sing.: Graecus, i, m., a Greek:

processit ille, et Graecus apud Graecos non de culpa sua dixit, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 7, 17:

ignobilis,

Liv. 39, 8, 3:

Graecus Graecaque,

Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12.—

Derivv.

Graecus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Greeks, Greek, Grecian:

plus te operae Graecis dedisse rebus video... deinde nullam Graecarum rerum significationem daret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 152 sq.; cf.

litterae,

id. Brut. 20, 78.—In neutr. absol.:

Graeca leguntur in omnibus fere gentibus,

Cic. Arch. 10, 23:

lingua (opp. Latina),

id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

ludi,

founded on Greek subjects, id. Fam. 7, 1, 3 (opp. Osci); id. Att. 16, 5, 1:

homines,

Grecian people, Greeks, id. Mil. 29, 80; id. Tusc. 2, 27, 65:

testis,

id. Fl. 5, 11:

more bibere,

i. e. to drink healths, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

Graeca fide mercari,

i. e. without credit, with ready money, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 47: nux, i. e. an almond, Cloat. ap. Macr. S. 2, 44: pantherae, from Asiatic Greece, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5:

rosa,

a kind of rose, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 18: ovis, perh. Tarentine, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 27: via, perh. to Magna Graecia, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3.—Prov.: ad Calendas Graecas, i. q. our next day after never (since the Greeks had no Calends), August. ap. Suet. Aug. 87.—Hence, subst.: Graecum, i, n., the Greek language, Greek (rare):

Graeco melius usuri,

Quint. 5, 10, 1:

librum e Graeco in Latinum convertere,

Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87.— Adv. in two forms,

Graece, in the Greek language, in Greek:

cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

Acilius qui Graece scripsit historiam,

id. Off. 2, 32, 115:

loqui,

id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15:

optime scire,

id. de Or. 2, 66, 265; cf.

nescire,

id. Fl. 4, 10:

licet legatum Graece scriptum non valeat,

Ulp. Fragm. 25, 9:

omnia Graece,

Juv. 6, 188.—

Graecātim, in the Greek manner:

amiciri,

Tert. Pall. 4.—

Graecĭa, ae, f., the country of the Greeks, Greece: ad Trojam cum misi ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 28 (Trag. v. 362 Vahl.):

quod de Corintho dixi, id haud scio an liceat de cuncta Graecia verissime dicere,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:

Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 156:

magna,

Ov. H. 16, 340.—In apposition:

terra,

Gell. 1, 1, 2; M. Aur. ap. Fronto Ep. 2, 9 Mai.—

Transf.: Magna Graecia, Lower Italy, inhabited by Greeks, Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 3, 5, 6, § 42; Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; 3, 34, 139; id. Lael. 4, 13; id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38; called also Mājor Graecia, Liv. 31, 7, 11; Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 6 med.; Sil. 11, 21; whereas by a Greek proper it is called Parva Graecia, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 55; and absol.:

Graecia,

Cic. Arch. 5, 10.— Poet.: Major Graecia, in gen., for Italy:

Itala nam tellus Graecia major erat,

Ov. F. 4, 64.—

Graecānĭcus, a, um, adj., of Greek origin, in the Greek manner or fashion, Grecian, Greek (rare;

not in Cic.): alia (verba) Graeca, alia Graecanica,

i. e. words borrowed from the Greeks, Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll.:

torcula,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317:

pavimentum,

id. 36, 25, 63, § 188:

color,

id. 34, 9, 20, § 98:

toga, i. e. pallium,

Suet. Dom. 4: milites, living in the Greek manner, voluptuously, Vulc. Avid. Cass. 5.—Hence, adv.: Graēcānĭce, in Greek:

dicere,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.—

Graecŭlus, a, um, adj. dim., Grecian, Greek (mostly in a depreciating, contemptuous sense): ineptum sane negotium et Graeculum, thorough Greek, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 86:

motus quidam temerarius Graeculae contionis,

id. Fl. 10, 23:

cautio chirographi,

i. e. not to be relied upon, id. Fam. 7, 18, 1:

homines,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47:

ferrum,

Flor. 2, 7, 9:

civitas Massilia,

id. 4, 2, 24 Duk.— Subst.:

Graecŭlus, i, m.

A paltry Greek, Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 102; id. Pis. 29, 70.—Prov.:

Graeculus esuriens in caelum, jusseris, ibit,

Juv. 3, 78.—In the form Graecŭlĭo, Petr. 76 fin. —

Post-Aug., without any odious accessory notion, for Graecus:

vitis,

Col. 3, 2, 24:

mala,

Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 50:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 18.—

Graecŭla, ae, f., a Greekling, a weak imitator of Greek women, Juv. 6, 186.—

Graecĭensis, e, adj., Grecian (post-Aug. and very rare):

mare,

Plin. 4, 21, 18, § 51:

scimpodium,

Gell. 19, 10, 1.—

Graecālis, e, adj., Grecian, Greek (late Lat.):

lapides,

inscribed with Greek letters, Front. de Col. p. 116 Goes.

Graeci, ōrum, m., = Graikoi, the Grecians, Greeks: contendunt Graecos, Graios memorare solent sos, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.):

eos septem, quos Graeci sapientes nominaverunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7:

apud Graecos,

id. ib. 1, 3, 5; id. Fl. 27, 64:

quia Graecorum sunt antiquissima quaeque Scripta vel optima, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 28.— Sing.: Graecus, i, m., a Greek:

processit ille, et Graecus apud Graecos non de culpa sua dixit, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 7, 17:

ignobilis,

Liv. 39, 8, 3:

Graecus Graecaque,

Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12.—

Derivv.

Graecus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Greeks, Greek, Grecian:

plus te operae Graecis dedisse rebus video... deinde nullam Graecarum rerum significationem daret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 152 sq.; cf.

litterae,

id. Brut. 20, 78.—In neutr. absol.:

Graeca leguntur in omnibus fere gentibus,

Cic. Arch. 10, 23:

lingua (opp. Latina),

id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

ludi,

founded on Greek subjects, id. Fam. 7, 1, 3 (opp. Osci); id. Att. 16, 5, 1:

homines,

Grecian people, Greeks, id. Mil. 29, 80; id. Tusc. 2, 27, 65:

testis,

id. Fl. 5, 11:

more bibere,

i. e. to drink healths, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

Graeca fide mercari,

i. e. without credit, with ready money, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 47: nux, i. e. an almond, Cloat. ap. Macr. S. 2, 44: pantherae, from Asiatic Greece, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5:

rosa,

a kind of rose, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 18: ovis, perh. Tarentine, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 27: via, perh. to Magna Graecia, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3.—Prov.: ad Calendas Graecas, i. q. our next day after never (since the Greeks had no Calends), August. ap. Suet. Aug. 87.—Hence, subst.: Graecum, i, n., the Greek language, Greek (rare):

Graeco melius usuri,

Quint. 5, 10, 1:

librum e Graeco in Latinum convertere,

Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87.— Adv. in two forms,

Graece, in the Greek language, in Greek:

cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

Acilius qui Graece scripsit historiam,

id. Off. 2, 32, 115:

loqui,

id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15:

optime scire,

id. de Or. 2, 66, 265; cf.

nescire,

id. Fl. 4, 10:

licet legatum Graece scriptum non valeat,

Ulp. Fragm. 25, 9:

omnia Graece,

Juv. 6, 188.—

Graecātim, in the Greek manner:

amiciri,

Tert. Pall. 4.—

Graecĭa, ae, f., the country of the Greeks, Greece: ad Trojam cum misi ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 28 (Trag. v. 362 Vahl.):

quod de Corintho dixi, id haud scio an liceat de cuncta Graecia verissime dicere,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:

Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 156:

magna,

Ov. H. 16, 340.—In apposition:

terra,

Gell. 1, 1, 2; M. Aur. ap. Fronto Ep. 2, 9 Mai.—

Transf.: Magna Graecia, Lower Italy, inhabited by Greeks, Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 3, 5, 6, § 42; Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; 3, 34, 139; id. Lael. 4, 13; id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38; called also Mājor Graecia, Liv. 31, 7, 11; Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 6 med.; Sil. 11, 21; whereas by a Greek proper it is called Parva Graecia, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 55; and absol.:

Graecia,

Cic. Arch. 5, 10.— Poet.: Major Graecia, in gen., for Italy:

Itala nam tellus Graecia major erat,

Ov. F. 4, 64.—

Graecānĭcus, a, um, adj., of Greek origin, in the Greek manner or fashion, Grecian, Greek (rare;

not in Cic.): alia (verba) Graeca, alia Graecanica,

i. e. words borrowed from the Greeks, Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll.:

torcula,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317:

pavimentum,

id. 36, 25, 63, § 188:

color,

id. 34, 9, 20, § 98:

toga, i. e. pallium,

Suet. Dom. 4: milites, living in the Greek manner, voluptuously, Vulc. Avid. Cass. 5.—Hence, adv.: Graēcānĭce, in Greek:

dicere,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.—

Graecŭlus, a, um, adj. dim., Grecian, Greek (mostly in a depreciating, contemptuous sense): ineptum sane negotium et Graeculum, thorough Greek, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 86:

motus quidam temerarius Graeculae contionis,

id. Fl. 10, 23:

cautio chirographi,

i. e. not to be relied upon, id. Fam. 7, 18, 1:

homines,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47:

ferrum,

Flor. 2, 7, 9:

civitas Massilia,

id. 4, 2, 24 Duk.— Subst.:

Graecŭlus, i, m.

A paltry Greek, Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 102; id. Pis. 29, 70.—Prov.:

Graeculus esuriens in caelum, jusseris, ibit,

Juv. 3, 78.—In the form Graecŭlĭo, Petr. 76 fin. —

Post-Aug., without any odious accessory notion, for Graecus:

vitis,

Col. 3, 2, 24:

mala,

Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 50:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 18.—

Graecŭla, ae, f., a Greekling, a weak imitator of Greek women, Juv. 6, 186.—

Graecĭensis, e, adj., Grecian (post-Aug. and very rare):

mare,

Plin. 4, 21, 18, § 51:

scimpodium,

Gell. 19, 10, 1.—

Graecālis, e, adj., Grecian, Greek (late Lat.):

lapides,

inscribed with Greek letters, Front. de Col. p. 116 Goes.

Graeci, ōrum, m., = Graikoi, the Grecians, Greeks: contendunt Graecos, Graios memorare solent sos, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.):

eos septem, quos Graeci sapientes nominaverunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7:

apud Graecos,

id. ib. 1, 3, 5; id. Fl. 27, 64:

quia Graecorum sunt antiquissima quaeque Scripta vel optima, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 28.— Sing.: Graecus, i, m., a Greek:

processit ille, et Graecus apud Graecos non de culpa sua dixit, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 7, 17:

ignobilis,

Liv. 39, 8, 3:

Graecus Graecaque,

Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12.—

Derivv.

Graecus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Greeks, Greek, Grecian:

plus te operae Graecis dedisse rebus video... deinde nullam Graecarum rerum significationem daret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 152 sq.; cf.

litterae,

id. Brut. 20, 78.—In neutr. absol.:

Graeca leguntur in omnibus fere gentibus,

Cic. Arch. 10, 23:

lingua (opp. Latina),

id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

ludi,

founded on Greek subjects, id. Fam. 7, 1, 3 (opp. Osci); id. Att. 16, 5, 1:

homines,

Grecian people, Greeks, id. Mil. 29, 80; id. Tusc. 2, 27, 65:

testis,

id. Fl. 5, 11:

more bibere,

i. e. to drink healths, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

Graeca fide mercari,

i. e. without credit, with ready money, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 47: nux, i. e. an almond, Cloat. ap. Macr. S. 2, 44: pantherae, from Asiatic Greece, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5:

rosa,

a kind of rose, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 18: ovis, perh. Tarentine, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 27: via, perh. to Magna Graecia, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3.—Prov.: ad Calendas Graecas, i. q. our next day after never (since the Greeks had no Calends), August. ap. Suet. Aug. 87.—Hence, subst.: Graecum, i, n., the Greek language, Greek (rare):

Graeco melius usuri,

Quint. 5, 10, 1:

librum e Graeco in Latinum convertere,

Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87.— Adv. in two forms,

Graece, in the Greek language, in Greek:

cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

Acilius qui Graece scripsit historiam,

id. Off. 2, 32, 115:

loqui,

id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15:

optime scire,

id. de Or. 2, 66, 265; cf.

nescire,

id. Fl. 4, 10:

licet legatum Graece scriptum non valeat,

Ulp. Fragm. 25, 9:

omnia Graece,

Juv. 6, 188.—

Graecātim, in the Greek manner:

amiciri,

Tert. Pall. 4.—

Graecĭa, ae, f., the country of the Greeks, Greece: ad Trojam cum misi ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 28 (Trag. v. 362 Vahl.):

quod de Corintho dixi, id haud scio an liceat de cuncta Graecia verissime dicere,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:

Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 156:

magna,

Ov. H. 16, 340.—In apposition:

terra,

Gell. 1, 1, 2; M. Aur. ap. Fronto Ep. 2, 9 Mai.—

Transf.: Magna Graecia, Lower Italy, inhabited by Greeks, Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 3, 5, 6, § 42; Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; 3, 34, 139; id. Lael. 4, 13; id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38; called also Mājor Graecia, Liv. 31, 7, 11; Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 6 med.; Sil. 11, 21; whereas by a Greek proper it is called Parva Graecia, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 55; and absol.:

Graecia,

Cic. Arch. 5, 10.— Poet.: Major Graecia, in gen., for Italy:

Itala nam tellus Graecia major erat,

Ov. F. 4, 64.—

Graecānĭcus, a, um, adj., of Greek origin, in the Greek manner or fashion, Grecian, Greek (rare;

not in Cic.): alia (verba) Graeca, alia Graecanica,

i. e. words borrowed from the Greeks, Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll.:

torcula,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317:

pavimentum,

id. 36, 25, 63, § 188:

color,

id. 34, 9, 20, § 98:

toga, i. e. pallium,

Suet. Dom. 4: milites, living in the Greek manner, voluptuously, Vulc. Avid. Cass. 5.—Hence, adv.: Graēcānĭce, in Greek:

dicere,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.—

Graecŭlus, a, um, adj. dim., Grecian, Greek (mostly in a depreciating, contemptuous sense): ineptum sane negotium et Graeculum, thorough Greek, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 86:

motus quidam temerarius Graeculae contionis,

id. Fl. 10, 23:

cautio chirographi,

i. e. not to be relied upon, id. Fam. 7, 18, 1:

homines,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47:

ferrum,

Flor. 2, 7, 9:

civitas Massilia,

id. 4, 2, 24 Duk.— Subst.:

Graecŭlus, i, m.

A paltry Greek, Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 102; id. Pis. 29, 70.—Prov.:

Graeculus esuriens in caelum, jusseris, ibit,

Juv. 3, 78.—In the form Graecŭlĭo, Petr. 76 fin. —

Post-Aug., without any odious accessory notion, for Graecus:

vitis,

Col. 3, 2, 24:

mala,

Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 50:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 18.—

Graecŭla, ae, f., a Greekling, a weak imitator of Greek women, Juv. 6, 186.—

Graecĭensis, e, adj., Grecian (post-Aug. and very rare):

mare,

Plin. 4, 21, 18, § 51:

scimpodium,

Gell. 19, 10, 1.—

Graecālis, e, adj., Grecian, Greek (late Lat.):

lapides,

inscribed with Greek letters, Front. de Col. p. 116 Goes.