Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

injúria

  • 1 injuria

    injūrĭa, ae, f. [injurius], any thing that is done contrary to justice and equity, injury, wrong, violence:

    injuria ex eo dicta est, quod non jure fiat! omne enim, quod non jure fit, injuria fieri dicitur: hoc generaliter. Specialiter autem injuria dicitur contumelia. Interdum injuriae appellatione damnum culpa datum significatur: interdum iniquitatem injuriam dicimus, etc.,

    Dig. 47, 10, 1:

    cum autem duobis modis, id est aut vi aut fraude, fiat injuria,

    Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41:

    injuriae sunt, quae aut pulsatione corpus, aut convicio aures, aut aliqua turpitudine vitam cujuspiam violant,

    Auct. Her. 4, 25, 35.
    I.
    Lit.:

    tibi a me nulla orta est injuria,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 35:

    alienum est a sapiente non modo injuriam cui facere, verum etiam nocere,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 71:

    injuriam inferre,

    id. Off. 1, 7, 24:

    injurias contumeliasque imponere,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

    injuriam jacere et immittere in aliquem,

    id. Par. 4, § 28:

    in populum Romanum,

    Liv. 44, 1, 10:

    accipere ab aliquo,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 18, 60:

    propulsare,

    id. Rosc. Am. 50, 145:

    defendere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 7:

    condonare alicui,

    id. B. G. 1, 20:

    persequi,

    id. ib. 7, 38:

    ulcisci,

    id. ib. 1, 12:

    injuriis onerare,

    Ter. And. 5, 1, 8:

    per injuriam,

    in an unjust manner, unjustly, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 226.—The abl. injuriā is used adverb., unjustly, undeservedly, without cause:

    ne palma detur cuiquam artifici injuriā,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 37:

    dispertivisti,

    id. Aul. 2, 5, 4:

    si me meis civibus injuriā suspectum viderem,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

    hoc horret Milo: nec injuriā,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 6.
    II.
    Transf., injurious, unlawful, or unjust conduct.
    A. 1.
    Act., injustice, wrongdoing:

    vostrā hercle factum injuriā,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 66:

    quocumque aspexisti, ut furiae, sic tuae tibi occurrunt injuriae,

    Cic. Par. 2, 18:

    ut meum jus teneam et injuriam tuam persequar,

    id. Caecin. 11, 32. —
    2.
    Pass.:

    pro veteribus Helvetiorum injuriis populi Romani,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 30:

    Sabinae mulieres, quarum ex injuria bellum ortum,

    Liv. 1, 13, 1; cf., so of dishonoring, deflowering a virgin, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 64; id. Cist. 1, 3, 32.—
    B.
    An injurious act, injury, outrage, insult, affront:

    injuriarum multam dicere,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 57:

    injuriarum dicam alicui scribere,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 15: actio injuriarum, an action for a personal injury or affront, Cic. Caecin. 12, 35:

    periculum injuriae muliebris,

    Liv. 26, 49, 12:

    agere injuriarum,

    Dig. 47, tit. 10:

    teneri injuriarum,

    ib. 11: injuriarum experiri, ib. fin.:

    injuriarum judicio convenire quempiam,

    ib. 13:

    tantine injuria cenae?

    the insult of a dinner, Juv. 5, 9.—
    C.
    Unjust severity, harshness, rigor:

    (filius) carens patriā ob meas injurias,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 85; cf.

    paterna,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 39.—
    D.
    Revenge or punishment for injury inflicted:

    injuria consulis, etiam si justa, non tamen in magistratu exercenda,

    Liv. 42, 1, 12:

    injuria caedis nostrae,

    Verg. A. 3, 256.—
    E.
    An unjust acquisition:

    injuriam obtinere,

    Liv. 29, 1, 17.—
    F.
    A damage, harm, injury of any kind, even that which proceeds from inanimate things:

    ab injuria oblivionis aliquem asserere,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 4:

    pluviarum,

    Col. 11, 3, 7:

    ignis,

    id. ib.:

    frigorum, grandinum aut nivis,

    Plin. 13, 24, 47, § 134:

    puellam vinculis onerat, ex quorum injuria decessit,

    Just. 43, 2:

    comparere incolumem ac sine injuria,

    Suet. Aug. 14:

    haerens injuria lumbis,

    pain, disease, Ser. Samm. 38, 452:

    curandum ne magna injuria fiat fortibus,

    Juv. 8, 121.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > injuria

  • 2 injuria

    f.
    insult (insult).
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: injuriar.
    imperat.
    2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: injuriar.
    * * *
    1 insult, affront
    2 DERECHO slander
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=insulto) insult; (Jur) slander

    injurias — abuse sing, insults

    cubrir/llenar a algn de injurias — to heap abuse on sb

    demandar a algn por injurias, presentar una querella por injurias contra algn — to sue sb for slander

    2) †† liter (=daño)
    * * *
    a) (frml) ( insulto) insult
    b) (Der) slanderous allegation
    * * *
    = insult, outrage.
    Ex. Some student users resorted to using an online conferencing system as the medium for insults and invective aimed at each other.
    Ex. The outrage expressed by users of the Internet brought about the passing an act aimed at ridding the Internet of pornography.
    * * *
    a) (frml) ( insulto) insult
    b) (Der) slanderous allegation
    * * *
    = insult, outrage.

    Ex: Some student users resorted to using an online conferencing system as the medium for insults and invective aimed at each other.

    Ex: The outrage expressed by users of the Internet brought about the passing an act aimed at ridding the Internet of pornography.

    * * *
    1 ( frml) (insulto) insult
    2 ( Der) slanderous allegation
    se querelló contra ella por injuria he sued her for slander
    * * *

    Del verbo injuriar: ( conjugate injuriar)

    injuria es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    injuria    
    injuriar
    injuria sustantivo femenino
    1 insult
    2 Jur slanderous allegation: injurias contra el Rey, slanderous allegations about the King
    injuriar verbo transitivo
    1 to insult
    2 Jur to slander
    ' injuria' also found in these entries:
    English:
    insult
    * * *
    1. [insulto] insult;
    [agravio] offence
    2. Der slander
    * * *
    f insult
    * * *
    agravio: affront, insult

    Spanish-English dictionary > injuria

  • 3 injuria

    injury; injustice, wrong, offense; insult, abuse; sexual assault

    Latin-English dictionary > injuria

  • 4 injuria

    • damage
    • harlot
    • harm oneself
    • insult
    • offense
    • reviewer
    • reviler
    • written warranties
    • wrong address

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > injuria

  • 5 injúria

    injury, wrong, revile

    Dicionário português (brasileiro)-Inglês > injúria

  • 6 injuria privada

    • private wrong

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > injuria privada

  • 7 injuria pública

    • Public Works Administration
    • publican

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > injuria pública

  • 8 injuria privada

    f.
    private wrong.

    Spanish-English dictionary > injuria privada

  • 9 injuria pública

    f.
    public wrong.

    Spanish-English dictionary > injuria pública

  • 10 damnum absque injuria

    • damage without wrong
    • damnum absque injuria

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > damnum absque injuria

  • 11 injurius

    injuria, injurium ADJ
    unjust, harsh

    Latin-English dictionary > injurius

  • 12 Contumelia

    con-tŭmēlĭa (post-class. access. form contŭmĭa, Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; cf.: contumia contumelia, Gloss. Isid.), ae, f. [from a root tem, whence also temno, contemno, and contumax; cf. Dig. 47, 10, 1], abuse, insult, affront, reproach, invective, contumely (cf.: injuria, hubris; very freq. and class. in sing. and plur.):

    contumelia a contemptu dicta est, quia nemo nisi quem contempsit, tali injuriā notat,

    Sen. Const. 11, 2: patior facile injuriam, si est vacua a contumeliā, Pac. ap. Non. p. 430, 16; cf.

    Caecil. ib.: contumeliam alteri facere,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 82; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 79; cf. id. Eun. 5, 2, 26:

    contumeliam dicere alicui,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 33; Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 29; Liv. 25, 22, 13:

    contumeliam si dicis, audies,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 77:

    jacere in aliquem,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 23:

    meretricum perpeti,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 3; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 96:

    in se accipere,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1; cf.:

    tanta contumelia accepta,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10:

    alicui imponere,

    Sall. C. 48, 9:

    quibus tu privatim injurias plurimas contumeliasque imposuisti,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

    indignitates contumeliasque perferre,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 14: graves, severe reproaches (opp. libera consilia), Hor. Epod. 11, 26:

    aliquid in suam contumeliam vertere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 8:

    per contumeliam,

    id. ib. 1, 9; Quint. 4, 1, 11:

    contumeliā perfugae appellari ab aliquo,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 28; cf. Liv. 3, 50, 6 et saep.:

    in contumeliam ignominiamque nostram certare juvat,

    id. 4, 4, 12:

    contumeliae verborum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5.—In mal. part., violation, Liv. 8, 28, 2; Auct. Har. Resp. 20, 42.—The expression facere contumeliam is censured by Cic. (Phil. 3, 9, 22) in the words of Antonius: nulla contumelia est, quam facit dignus; but it is not clear on what grounds (whether as an archaism, or because it is used after the analogy of jacturam facere, in the sense of contumelia adfici); v. Quint. 9, 3, 13, and cf. esp. Gronov. Observv. 3, 8, pp. 488-502 (pp. 241-247 Frotsch.).—Personified: Contŭmē-lĭa, like Hubris, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28.—
    * II.
    Transf., injury, assault, annoyance, violence, blows, etc. ( = injuria):

    naves totae factae ex robore ad quamvis vim et contumeliam perferendam,

    injury, violence, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; so Phaedr. 1, 2, 21:

    praeberi ora contumeliis,

    to the blows, Tac. H. 3, 31; 3, 85:

    debilitatis suae,

    annoyance, hardship, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 9; cf. injuria.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Contumelia

  • 13 contumelia

    con-tŭmēlĭa (post-class. access. form contŭmĭa, Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; cf.: contumia contumelia, Gloss. Isid.), ae, f. [from a root tem, whence also temno, contemno, and contumax; cf. Dig. 47, 10, 1], abuse, insult, affront, reproach, invective, contumely (cf.: injuria, hubris; very freq. and class. in sing. and plur.):

    contumelia a contemptu dicta est, quia nemo nisi quem contempsit, tali injuriā notat,

    Sen. Const. 11, 2: patior facile injuriam, si est vacua a contumeliā, Pac. ap. Non. p. 430, 16; cf.

    Caecil. ib.: contumeliam alteri facere,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 82; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 79; cf. id. Eun. 5, 2, 26:

    contumeliam dicere alicui,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 33; Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 29; Liv. 25, 22, 13:

    contumeliam si dicis, audies,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 77:

    jacere in aliquem,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 23:

    meretricum perpeti,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 3; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 96:

    in se accipere,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1; cf.:

    tanta contumelia accepta,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10:

    alicui imponere,

    Sall. C. 48, 9:

    quibus tu privatim injurias plurimas contumeliasque imposuisti,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

    indignitates contumeliasque perferre,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 14: graves, severe reproaches (opp. libera consilia), Hor. Epod. 11, 26:

    aliquid in suam contumeliam vertere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 8:

    per contumeliam,

    id. ib. 1, 9; Quint. 4, 1, 11:

    contumeliā perfugae appellari ab aliquo,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 28; cf. Liv. 3, 50, 6 et saep.:

    in contumeliam ignominiamque nostram certare juvat,

    id. 4, 4, 12:

    contumeliae verborum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5.—In mal. part., violation, Liv. 8, 28, 2; Auct. Har. Resp. 20, 42.—The expression facere contumeliam is censured by Cic. (Phil. 3, 9, 22) in the words of Antonius: nulla contumelia est, quam facit dignus; but it is not clear on what grounds (whether as an archaism, or because it is used after the analogy of jacturam facere, in the sense of contumelia adfici); v. Quint. 9, 3, 13, and cf. esp. Gronov. Observv. 3, 8, pp. 488-502 (pp. 241-247 Frotsch.).—Personified: Contŭmē-lĭa, like Hubris, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28.—
    * II.
    Transf., injury, assault, annoyance, violence, blows, etc. ( = injuria):

    naves totae factae ex robore ad quamvis vim et contumeliam perferendam,

    injury, violence, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; so Phaedr. 1, 2, 21:

    praeberi ora contumeliis,

    to the blows, Tac. H. 3, 31; 3, 85:

    debilitatis suae,

    annoyance, hardship, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 9; cf. injuria.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contumelia

  • 14 jure

    1.
    jūs, jūris, n. [kindred to Sanscr. yūsh, the same; cf. Gr. zômos], broth, soup, sauce (class.):

    cum una multa jura confundit cocus,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 120:

    quo pacto ex jure hesterno panem atrum vorent,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17:

    in jus vocat pisces cocus,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 9:

    negavit, se jure illo nigro delectatum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98:

    in ea cena cocus meus praeter jus fervens nihil potuit imitari,

    id. Fam. 9, 20, 2:

    tepidum,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 81:

    male conditum,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 69.—In a sarcastic lusus verbb.: Verrinum, hog-broth, or the justice of Verres, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 121.—
    II.
    Transf., juice, mixture:

    addita creta in jus idem,

    the juice of the purple-fish, Plin. 35, 6, 26, § 44.
    2.
    jūs, jūris ( gen. plur. jurum for jurium, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 86; Cato ap. Charis. p. 72 and 109 P.:

    juribus,

    Dig. 13, 5, 3, § 1; Charis. p. 19: jure, arch. dat., Liv. 42, 28, 6; Corp. Ins. Lat. 198, 31), n. [kindred with Sanscr. yu, to join; cf. zeugnumi, jungo, qs. the binding, obliging; cf. lex from ligo], right, law, justice.
    I.
    Lit. (class.; in plur. very rare, except in nom. and acc.), that which is binding or obligatory; that which is binding by its nature, right, justice, duty:

    juris praecepta sunt haec, honeste vivere, alterum non laedere, suum cuique tribuere,

    Just. Inst. 1, 1, 3: jus naturale est quod natura omnia animalia docuit...videmus etenim cetera quoque animalia istius juris perita censeri, Dig. 1, 1, 1, § 3; Just. Inst. 1, 2 prooem.: omnes boni ipsam aequitatem et jus ipsum amant;

    per se jus est appetendum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: Gy. Amabo, hicine istuc decet? Le. Jusque fasque est, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 20:

    jus hic orat,

    id. Trin. 5, 2, 37; id. Ps. 1, 5, 123:

    omnium legum atque jurium fictor, conditor cluet,

    id. Ep. 3, 4, 90:

    jus hominum situm est in generis humani societate,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:

    tenere,

    id. Caecin. 11:

    obtinere,

    to maintain, id. Quint. 9:

    de jure alicui respondere,

    to lay down the law, id. de Or. 2, 33, 142:

    respondere,

    id. Leg. 1, 4, 12: dicere, to pronounce judgment, give a judicial decision, as, e. g. the prætor:

    a Volcatio, qui Romae jus dicit,

    id. Fam. 13, 14; Verg. A. 7, 246; cf.:

    jura dare,

    id. ib. 1, 507:

    praetor quoque jus reddere dicitur, etiam cum inique decernit,

    Dig. 1, 1, 11: quid dubitas dare mihi argentum? S. Jus petis, fateor, you ask what is right, reasonable, Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 16:

    jus publicum,

    common right, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 65:

    jura communia,

    equal rights, Cic. Div. 1, 5:

    divina ac humana,

    id. Off. 1, 26:

    belli,

    id. Div. 2, 77:

    gentium,

    the law of nations, id. Off. 3, 5:

    quod naturalis ratio inter omnes homines constituit, id apud omnes populos peraeque custoditur, vocaturque jus gentium,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 1:

    civile,

    the civil law, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109: quod quisque populus ipse sibi jus constituit, id ipsius proprium est vocaturque jus civile, Gai Inst. 1, 1:

    pontificium,

    Cic. Dom. 13, 34:

    praediatorium,

    id. Balb. 20:

    conjugialia,

    Ov. M. 6, 536:

    jus est, apponi pernam frigidam,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 26:

    jus fasque est,

    human and divine right, id. Cist. 1, 1, 22:

    juris nodos solvere,

    Juv. 8, 50.— Abl.: jūrĕ, adverb., with justice, justly:

    jure in eum animadverteretur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

    jure ac merito,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 67, § 172; id. Cat. 3, 6, 14; Juv. 2, 34:

    et jure fortasse,

    id. Tusc. 3, 12, 26:

    et fortasse suo jure,

    id. Fin. 5, 2, 4:

    te ipse, jure optimo, merito incuses licet,

    with perfect justice, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 24:

    optimo jure,

    Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf.: pleno jure, Gai Inst. 1, 5, 14:

    justo jure,

    Liv. 21, 3, 4; cf.

    opp. to injuria: non quaero, jure an injuria sint inimici,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 150: summum jus, the extremity or utmost rigor of the law:

    non agam summo jure tecum,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 2, §

    4: ex quo illud, Summum jus, summa injuria, factum est jam tritum sermone proverbium,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33;

    so opp. (aequum et bonum habere quod defendant), si contra verbis et litteris, et, ut dici solet, summo jure contenditur,

    id. Caecin. 23, 65.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    A place where justice is administered, a court of justice:

    in jus ambula,

    come before a magistrate, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 22; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 43:

    in jus ire,

    Nep. Att. 6, 4:

    cum ad praetorem in jus adissemus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147:

    in jus acres procurrunt,

    Hor. S. 1, 7, 20:

    aliquem in jus vocare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187; Hor. S. 2, 5, 29:

    aliquem in jus rapere,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 77;

    2, 3, 72: trahere,

    Juv. 10, 87.—
    B.
    Justice, justness of a thing:

    absolverunt, admiratione magis virtutis, quam jure causae,

    Liv. 1, 26.—
    C.
    Legal right, power, authority, permission:

    cum plebe agendi,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31:

    materiae caedendae,

    Liv. 5, 55.—Of particular rights: jus eundi, a right of way, Gai Inst. 2, 31:

    jus agendi, aquamve ducendi,

    id. ib.:

    altius tollendi vel prospiciendi,

    id. ib. 4, 3: jus civitatis, the right to obtain the privileges of citizenship (cf. civitas;

    v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 640),

    Cic. Arch. 5, 11; id. Caecin. 34, 98; 35, 102; id. Verr. 2, 4, 11,§ 26:

    jus capiendi,

    Juv. 1, 56:

    testandi,

    id. 16, 51; cf. 6, 217: jus trium liberorum, Sen. ap. Lact. 1, 16, 10:

    patrium,

    the power of life and death over their children, Liv. 1, 26:

    homines recipere in jus dicionemque,

    id. 21, 61:

    sub jus judiciumque regis venire,

    id. 39, 24:

    (homo) sui juris,

    his own master, independent, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 18:

    jus ad mulieres,

    over the women, Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 22:

    ut eodem jure essent, quo fuissent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 13; cf.:

    melius, quod nil animis in corpora juris natura indulget,

    Juv. 2, 139.— The legal forms of the old jurists:

    jus Flavianum,

    Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > jure

  • 15 jus

    1.
    jūs, jūris, n. [kindred to Sanscr. yūsh, the same; cf. Gr. zômos], broth, soup, sauce (class.):

    cum una multa jura confundit cocus,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 120:

    quo pacto ex jure hesterno panem atrum vorent,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17:

    in jus vocat pisces cocus,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 9:

    negavit, se jure illo nigro delectatum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98:

    in ea cena cocus meus praeter jus fervens nihil potuit imitari,

    id. Fam. 9, 20, 2:

    tepidum,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 81:

    male conditum,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 69.—In a sarcastic lusus verbb.: Verrinum, hog-broth, or the justice of Verres, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 121.—
    II.
    Transf., juice, mixture:

    addita creta in jus idem,

    the juice of the purple-fish, Plin. 35, 6, 26, § 44.
    2.
    jūs, jūris ( gen. plur. jurum for jurium, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 86; Cato ap. Charis. p. 72 and 109 P.:

    juribus,

    Dig. 13, 5, 3, § 1; Charis. p. 19: jure, arch. dat., Liv. 42, 28, 6; Corp. Ins. Lat. 198, 31), n. [kindred with Sanscr. yu, to join; cf. zeugnumi, jungo, qs. the binding, obliging; cf. lex from ligo], right, law, justice.
    I.
    Lit. (class.; in plur. very rare, except in nom. and acc.), that which is binding or obligatory; that which is binding by its nature, right, justice, duty:

    juris praecepta sunt haec, honeste vivere, alterum non laedere, suum cuique tribuere,

    Just. Inst. 1, 1, 3: jus naturale est quod natura omnia animalia docuit...videmus etenim cetera quoque animalia istius juris perita censeri, Dig. 1, 1, 1, § 3; Just. Inst. 1, 2 prooem.: omnes boni ipsam aequitatem et jus ipsum amant;

    per se jus est appetendum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: Gy. Amabo, hicine istuc decet? Le. Jusque fasque est, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 20:

    jus hic orat,

    id. Trin. 5, 2, 37; id. Ps. 1, 5, 123:

    omnium legum atque jurium fictor, conditor cluet,

    id. Ep. 3, 4, 90:

    jus hominum situm est in generis humani societate,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:

    tenere,

    id. Caecin. 11:

    obtinere,

    to maintain, id. Quint. 9:

    de jure alicui respondere,

    to lay down the law, id. de Or. 2, 33, 142:

    respondere,

    id. Leg. 1, 4, 12: dicere, to pronounce judgment, give a judicial decision, as, e. g. the prætor:

    a Volcatio, qui Romae jus dicit,

    id. Fam. 13, 14; Verg. A. 7, 246; cf.:

    jura dare,

    id. ib. 1, 507:

    praetor quoque jus reddere dicitur, etiam cum inique decernit,

    Dig. 1, 1, 11: quid dubitas dare mihi argentum? S. Jus petis, fateor, you ask what is right, reasonable, Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 16:

    jus publicum,

    common right, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 65:

    jura communia,

    equal rights, Cic. Div. 1, 5:

    divina ac humana,

    id. Off. 1, 26:

    belli,

    id. Div. 2, 77:

    gentium,

    the law of nations, id. Off. 3, 5:

    quod naturalis ratio inter omnes homines constituit, id apud omnes populos peraeque custoditur, vocaturque jus gentium,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 1:

    civile,

    the civil law, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109: quod quisque populus ipse sibi jus constituit, id ipsius proprium est vocaturque jus civile, Gai Inst. 1, 1:

    pontificium,

    Cic. Dom. 13, 34:

    praediatorium,

    id. Balb. 20:

    conjugialia,

    Ov. M. 6, 536:

    jus est, apponi pernam frigidam,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 26:

    jus fasque est,

    human and divine right, id. Cist. 1, 1, 22:

    juris nodos solvere,

    Juv. 8, 50.— Abl.: jūrĕ, adverb., with justice, justly:

    jure in eum animadverteretur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

    jure ac merito,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 67, § 172; id. Cat. 3, 6, 14; Juv. 2, 34:

    et jure fortasse,

    id. Tusc. 3, 12, 26:

    et fortasse suo jure,

    id. Fin. 5, 2, 4:

    te ipse, jure optimo, merito incuses licet,

    with perfect justice, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 24:

    optimo jure,

    Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf.: pleno jure, Gai Inst. 1, 5, 14:

    justo jure,

    Liv. 21, 3, 4; cf.

    opp. to injuria: non quaero, jure an injuria sint inimici,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 150: summum jus, the extremity or utmost rigor of the law:

    non agam summo jure tecum,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 2, §

    4: ex quo illud, Summum jus, summa injuria, factum est jam tritum sermone proverbium,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33;

    so opp. (aequum et bonum habere quod defendant), si contra verbis et litteris, et, ut dici solet, summo jure contenditur,

    id. Caecin. 23, 65.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    A place where justice is administered, a court of justice:

    in jus ambula,

    come before a magistrate, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 22; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 43:

    in jus ire,

    Nep. Att. 6, 4:

    cum ad praetorem in jus adissemus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147:

    in jus acres procurrunt,

    Hor. S. 1, 7, 20:

    aliquem in jus vocare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187; Hor. S. 2, 5, 29:

    aliquem in jus rapere,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 77;

    2, 3, 72: trahere,

    Juv. 10, 87.—
    B.
    Justice, justness of a thing:

    absolverunt, admiratione magis virtutis, quam jure causae,

    Liv. 1, 26.—
    C.
    Legal right, power, authority, permission:

    cum plebe agendi,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31:

    materiae caedendae,

    Liv. 5, 55.—Of particular rights: jus eundi, a right of way, Gai Inst. 2, 31:

    jus agendi, aquamve ducendi,

    id. ib.:

    altius tollendi vel prospiciendi,

    id. ib. 4, 3: jus civitatis, the right to obtain the privileges of citizenship (cf. civitas;

    v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 640),

    Cic. Arch. 5, 11; id. Caecin. 34, 98; 35, 102; id. Verr. 2, 4, 11,§ 26:

    jus capiendi,

    Juv. 1, 56:

    testandi,

    id. 16, 51; cf. 6, 217: jus trium liberorum, Sen. ap. Lact. 1, 16, 10:

    patrium,

    the power of life and death over their children, Liv. 1, 26:

    homines recipere in jus dicionemque,

    id. 21, 61:

    sub jus judiciumque regis venire,

    id. 39, 24:

    (homo) sui juris,

    his own master, independent, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 18:

    jus ad mulieres,

    over the women, Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 22:

    ut eodem jure essent, quo fuissent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 13; cf.:

    melius, quod nil animis in corpora juris natura indulget,

    Juv. 2, 139.— The legal forms of the old jurists:

    jus Flavianum,

    Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > jus

  • 16 ofensa

    f.
    1 offense.
    una ofensa a la dignidad humana an offense o insult to human dignity
    una ofensa a la buena educación an affront to good manners
    2 slight, insult (injuria).
    no lo tomes como una ofensa personal don't take it as a personal insult o offense
    3 misdemeanor, illegality, transgression, trespass.
    * * *
    1 offence
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=insulto) offence, offense (EEUU)
    2) (=desprecio) slight
    * * *
    femenino ( agravio) insult
    * * *
    = offence [offense, -USA], insult, offense [offence, -UK], harmdoing, slap in the face, diss, slur.
    Ex. The study suggests a simple publicity campaign with particular emphasis on the penalty with goes with the offence.
    Ex. Some student users resorted to using an online conferencing system as the medium for insults and invective aimed at each other.
    Ex. The author categorizes an impeachable offense as one that threatens the safety of the country, either as treason or bribery.
    Ex. The act of ' harmdoing' is defined, & the impact of legal structures on the behavior of the harmdoer & victim is examined.
    Ex. To reward him with a major committee chairmanship would be a slap in the face of millions of Americans who want to see real change in our country.
    Ex. I think the disses come from frustration with the way his work was handled rather than from desperation.
    Ex. I can also remember a time when slurs were uttered about Jewish people and if you didn't laugh you were considered a wet blanket.
    ----
    * causa de la ofensa = offending.
    * * *
    femenino ( agravio) insult
    * * *
    = offence [offense, -USA], insult, offense [offence, -UK], harmdoing, slap in the face, diss, slur.

    Ex: The study suggests a simple publicity campaign with particular emphasis on the penalty with goes with the offence.

    Ex: Some student users resorted to using an online conferencing system as the medium for insults and invective aimed at each other.
    Ex: The author categorizes an impeachable offense as one that threatens the safety of the country, either as treason or bribery.
    Ex: The act of ' harmdoing' is defined, & the impact of legal structures on the behavior of the harmdoer & victim is examined.
    Ex: To reward him with a major committee chairmanship would be a slap in the face of millions of Americans who want to see real change in our country.
    Ex: I think the disses come from frustration with the way his work was handled rather than from desperation.
    Ex: I can also remember a time when slurs were uttered about Jewish people and if you didn't laugh you were considered a wet blanket.
    * causa de la ofensa = offending.

    * * *
    (agravio) insult
    lo ha tomado como una ofensa personal she has taken it as a personal insult o slight
    no le hagas la ofensa de darle propina don't insult him by giving him a tip
    * * *

    ofensa sustantivo femenino ( agravio) insult
    ofensa sustantivo femenino offence, US offense
    (insulto) insult, affront: el programa fue una ofensa a la democracia, the programme was an affront to democracy
    ' ofensa' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bofetada
    - constitutiva
    - constitutivo
    - reparar
    - vilipendio
    - reparación
    English:
    affront
    - insult
    - offence
    * * *
    ofensa nf
    1. [acción] offence, insult;
    una ofensa a la dignidad humana an offence o insult to human dignity;
    una ofensa a la buena educación an affront to good manners
    2. [injuria] slight, insult;
    no lo tomes como una ofensa personal don't take it as a personal insult o offence
    * * *
    f insult
    * * *
    ofensa nf
    : offense, insult
    * * *
    ofensa n offence

    Spanish-English dictionary > ofensa

  • 17 ab

    ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

    AF VOBEIS,

    Inscr. Orell. 3114;

    AF MVRO,

    ib. 6601;

    AF CAPVA,

    ib. 3308;

    AF SOLO,

    ib. 589;

    AF LYCO,

    ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

    abs chorago,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

    abs quivis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

    abs terra,

    Cato, R. R. 51;

    and in compounds: aps-cessero,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

    and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

    id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
    I.
    In space, and,
    II.
    Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
    I.
    Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

    Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    fuga ab urbe turpissima,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21:

    ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

    Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

    illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

    all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

    venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

    Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
    b.
    Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

    oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

    quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

    ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

    protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

    profecti a domo,

    Liv. 40, 33, 2;

    of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

    classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

    Liv. 8, 22, 6;

    of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

    Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

    legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

    id. 24, 40, 2.
    c.
    Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

    Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

    libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

    Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

    id. Att. 7, 24:

    cum a vobis discessero,

    id. Sen. 22:

    multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

    so a fratre,

    id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

    a Pontio,

    Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

    ab ea,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
    B.
    Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
    1.
    Of separation:

    ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

    abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

    tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

    Sall. C. 40, 5:

    absint lacerti ab stabulis,

    Verg. G. 4, 14.—
    2.
    Of distance:

    quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

    nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

    id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

    terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

    non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

    cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

    Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

    qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

    quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

    procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

    tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

    Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

    v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

    tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

    id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

    tam prope ab domo detineri,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

    onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

    eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

    duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

    id. 37, 38, 5). —
    3.
    To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

    picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

    pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

    on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

    at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

    erat a septentrionibus collis,

    on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In time.
    1.
    From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

    Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

    Juv. 1,40:

    mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

    immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

    Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

    immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

    ab eo magistratu,

    after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

    a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

    after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

    ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

    Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

    confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

    Liv. 30, 36, 1:

    statim a funere,

    Suet. Caes. 85;

    and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

    id. ib. 60:

    protinus ab adoptione,

    Vell. 2, 104, 3:

    Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

    soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

    Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

    i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

    secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

    i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
    2.
    With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

    ab hora tertia bibebatur,

    from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

    infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

    since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

    vixit ab omni aeternitate,

    from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

    Nep. Att. 5, 3:

    in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

    after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

    centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

    since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

    cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

    id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

    ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

    since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

    diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

    quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

    since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

    jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

    from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

    cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

    a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

    Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

    pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

    from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
    b.
    Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

    qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

    from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

    mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

    a pueritia,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

    jam inde ab adulescentia,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

    ab adulescentia,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

    jam a prima adulescentia,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    ab ineunte adulescentia,

    id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

    followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

    a primis temporibus aetatis,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

    a teneris unguiculis,

    from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

    usque a toga pura,

    id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

    jam inde ab incunabulis,

    Liv. 4, 36, 5:

    a prima lanugine,

    Suet. Oth. 12:

    viridi ab aevo,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

    rarely of animals: ab infantia,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

    qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

    a pausillo puero,

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

    a puero,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

    a pueris,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

    ab adulescente,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    ab infante,

    Col. 1, 8, 2:

    a parva virgine,

    Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

    a parvis,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    a parvulo,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

    ab parvulis,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

    ab tenero,

    Col. 5, 6, 20;

    and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
    B.
    In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
    1.
    In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

    qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

    hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

    quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

    condicionem quam ab te peto,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

    mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    si quid ab illo acceperis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

    quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

    ab defensione desistere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

    ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

    id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

    ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

    qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

    the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

    tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

    next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

    Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

    next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

    quid hoc ab illo differt,

    from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

    hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

    id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

    discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

    id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

    quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

    alieno a te animo fuit,

    id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

    subdole ab re consulit,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

    haut est ab re aucupis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

    non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

    a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

    id. ib. 1, 3:

    disputata ab eo,

    id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

    illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

    id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

    ita generati a natura sumus,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

    pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

    Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

    niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

    quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

    is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

    salvebis a meo Cicerone,

    i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

    a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

    i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

    ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

    levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

    a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    si calor est a sole,

    id. N. D. 2, 52:

    ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

    id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

    metu poenae a Romanis,

    Liv. 32, 23, 9:

    bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

    id. 3, 22, 2:

    ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

    id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

    lassus ab equo indomito,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

    Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

    Prop. 5, 1, 126:

    tempus a nostris triste malis,

    time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

    vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

    by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

    ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

    Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

    si postulatur a populo,

    if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

    deseror conjuge,

    Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

    and in prose,

    Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

    ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

    (urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
    b.
    With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

    pastores a Pergamide,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

    Turnus ab Aricia,

    Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

    obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

    Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
    c.
    In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

    (sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

    id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
    d.
    With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

    da, puere, ab summo,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

    da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

    coepere a fame mala,

    Liv. 4, 12, 7:

    cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

    tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

    a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
    e.
    With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

    a foliis et stercore purgato,

    Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

    tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

    Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

    Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

    Liv. 21, 11, 5:

    expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

    ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

    Sall. C. 32:

    ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

    Liv. 21, 35, 12:

    ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

    Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
    f.
    With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

    el metul a Chryside,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

    ab Hannibale metuens,

    Liv. 23, 36; and:

    metus a praetore,

    id. 23, 15, 7;

    v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

    postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

    you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
    g.
    With verbs of fastening and holding:

    funiculus a puppi religatus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
    h.
    Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

    a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

    Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
    i.
    Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

    id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
    j.
    Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

    doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

    a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

    a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

    a frigore laborantibus,

    Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

    laborare ab re frumentaria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
    k.
    Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

    ab ingenio improbus,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

    a me pudica'st,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

    orba ab optimatibus contio,

    Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

    locus copiosus a frumento,

    Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

    sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

    id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

    ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

    id. Brut. 16, 63:

    ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

    Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

    so often in poets ab arte=arte,

    artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
    l.
    In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

    linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

    thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

    ab honore,

    id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
    m.
    Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

    ab illo injuria,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

    fulgor ab auro,

    Lucr. 2, 5:

    dulces a fontibus undae,

    Verg. G. 2, 243.
    n.
    In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

    scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    nonnuill ab novissimis,

    id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
    o.
    In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

    qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

    ab eo qui sunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

    nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

    id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
    p.
    To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

    in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

    one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

    a manu servus,

    a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
    q.
    The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

    a peregre,

    Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

    a foris,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

    ab intus,

    ib. ib. 7, 15:

    ab invicem,

    App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

    a longe,

    Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

    a modo,

    ib. ib. 23, 39;

    Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

    Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

    a sursum,

    ib. Marc. 15, 38.
    ► a.
    Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

    Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

    a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

    id. Sen. 6:

    a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

    id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
    b.
    Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
    c.
    It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

    a vitae periculo,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

    a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

    id. Arch. 6, 12:

    a minus bono,

    Sall. C. 2, 6:

    a satis miti principio,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4:

    damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

    Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
    d.
    The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

    aque Chao,

    Verg. G. 4, 347:

    aque mero,

    Ov. M. 3, 631:

    aque viro,

    id. H. 6, 156:

    aque suis,

    id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

    a meque,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

    abs teque,

    id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

    a teque,

    id. ib. 8, 11, §

    7: a primaque adulescentia,

    id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
    e.
    A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
    III.
    In composition ab,
    1.
    Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
    2.
    It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab

  • 18 adficio

    af-fĭcĭo (better adf-), affēci (adf-), affectum (adf-), 3, v. a. [facio], to do something to one, i. e. to exert an influence on body or mind, so that it is brought into such or such a state (used by the poets rarely, by Hor. never).
    1.
    Aliquem.
    A.
    Of the body rarely, and then commonly in a bad sense:

    ut aestus, labor, fames, sitisque corpora adficerent,

    Liv. 28, 15:

    contumeliis adficere corpora sua,

    Vulg. Rom. 1, 24:

    non simplex Damasichthona vulnus Adficit,

    Ov. M. 6, 255:

    aconitum cor adficit,

    Scrib. Comp. 188:

    corpus adficere M. Antonii,

    Cic. Phil. 3:

    pulmo totus adficitur,

    Cels. 4, 7; with abl. of spec.:

    stomacho et vesicā adfici,

    Scrib. Comp. 186. —In bon. part.:

    corpus ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire rationi possit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23.—
    B.
    More freq. of the mind:

    litterae tuae sic me adfecerunt, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 14, 3, 2:

    is terror milites hostesque in diversum adfecit,

    Tac. A. 11, 19:

    varie sum adfectus tuis litteris,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 2:

    consules oportere sic adfici, ut, etc.,

    Plin. Pan. 90:

    adfici a Gratiā aut a Voluptate,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 12; id. Mil. 29, 79:

    sollicitudo de te duplex nos adficit,

    id. Brut. 92, 332:

    uti ei qui audirent, sic adficerentur animis, ut eos adfici vellet orator,

    id. de Or. 1, 19, 87 B. and K.:

    adfici animos in diversum habitum,

    Quint. 1, 10, 25.—
    2.
    With acc. and abl., to affect a person or (rarely) thing with something; in a good sense, to bestow upon, grace with; in a bad sense, to visit with, inflict upon; or the ablative and verb may be rendered by the verb corresponding to the ablative, and if an adjective accompany the ablative, this adjective becomes an adverb.—Of inanimate things (rare): luce locum adficiens, lighting up the place, Varr. ap. Non. p. 250, 2:

    adficere medicamine vultum,

    Ov. Med. Fac. 67:

    factum non eo nomine adficiendum,

    designated, Cic. Top. 24, 94:

    res honore adficere,

    to honor, id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

    non postulo, ut dolorem eisdem verbis adficias, quibus Epicurus, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18.—
    3.
    Very freq. of persons.
    (α).
    In a good sense:

    Qui praedā atque agro adoreāque adfecit populares suos,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38:

    quem sepulturā adficit,

    buries, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56:

    patres adfecerat gloriā,

    id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    admiratione,

    id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

    voluptate,

    id. Fin. 3, 11, 37:

    beneficio,

    id. Agr. 1, 4, 13:

    honore,

    id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

    laude,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 47:

    nomine regis,

    to style, id. Deiot. 5, 14:

    bonis nuntiis,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 8:

    muneribus,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 3; Nep. Ages. 3, 3:

    praemio,

    Cic. Mil. 30, 82:

    pretio,

    Verg. A. 12, 352:

    stipendio,

    Cic. Balb. 27, 61.—
    (β).
    In a bad sense: injuriā abs te adficior indignā, pater, am wronged unjustly, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Heren. 2, 24, 38; so Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 3:

    Quantā me curā et sollicitudine adficit Gnatus,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 1; so Cic. Att. 1, 18:

    desiderio,

    id. Fam. 2, 12:

    timore,

    to terrify, id. Quint. 2, 6:

    difficultate,

    to embarrass, Caes. B. G. 7, 6:

    molestiā,

    to trouble, Cic. Att. 15, 1:

    tantis malis,

    Vulg. Num. 11, 15:

    maculā,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113:

    ignominiā,

    id. ib. 39, 123:

    contumeliis,

    Vulg. Ezech. 22, 7; ib. Luc. 20, 11:

    rerum et verborum acerbitatibus,

    Suet. Calig. 2:

    verberibus,

    Just. 1, 5:

    supplicio,

    Cic. Brut. 1, 16; so Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

    poenā,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    exsilio,

    to banish, id. Thras. 3:

    morte, cruciatu, cruce,

    Cic. Verr. 3, 4, 9:

    morte,

    Vulg. Matt. 10, 21:

    cruce,

    Suet. Galb. 9:

    ultimis cruciatibus,

    Liv. 21, 44:

    leto,

    Nep. Regg. 3, 2.—And often in pass.:

    sollicitudine et inopiā consilii,

    Cic. Att. 3, 6:

    adfici aegritudine,

    id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

    doloribus pedum,

    id. Fam. 6, 19:

    morbo oculorum,

    Nep. Hann. 4, 3:

    inopiā rei frumentariae,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

    calamitate et injuriā,

    Cic. Att. 11, 2:

    magnā poenā, Auct. B. G. 8, 39: vulneribus,

    Col. R. R. 4, 11:

    torminibus et inflationibus,

    Plin. 29, 5, 33, § 103:

    servitute,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 44.—Hence, affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.
    I.
    In a peculiar sense, that on which we have bestowed labor, that which we are now doing, so that it is nearly at an end; cf.: Adfecta, sicut M. Cicero et [p. 67] veterum elegantissime locuti sunt, ea proprie dicebantur, quae non ad finem ipsum, sed proxime finem progressa deductave erant, Gell. 3, 16:

    bellum adfectum videmus et paene confectum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

    in provinciā (Caesar) commoratur, ut ea. quae per eum adfecta sunt, perfecta rei publicae tradat,

    id. ib. 12, 29: cum adfectā prope aestate uvas a sole mitescere tempus, etc., near the end of summer, id. ap. Gell. l. c.:

    Jamque hieme adfectā mitescere coeperat annus,

    Sil. 15, 502:

    in Q. Mucii infirmissimā valetudine adfectāque jam aetate,

    Cic. de Or. 1,45,200; id. Verr. 2,4,43, § 95.—
    II.
    In nearly the same sense as the verb, absol. and with abl.
    A.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Of persons laboring under disease, or not yet quite recovered:

    Qui cum ita adfectus esset, ut sibi ipse diffideret,

    was in such a state, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

    Caesarem Neapoli adfectum graviter videam,

    very ill, id. Att. 14, 17; so Sen. Ep. 101:

    quem adfectum visuros crediderant,

    ill, Liv. 28, 26:

    corpus adfectum,

    id. 9, 3:

    adfectae vires corporis,

    reduced strength, weakness, id. 5, 18:

    puella,

    Prop. 3, 24, 1:

    aegra et adfecta mancipia,

    Suet. Claud. 25:

    jam quidem adfectum, sed tamen spirantem,

    id. Tib. 21.—
    (β).
    Of things, weakened, sick, broken, reduced:

    partem istam rei publicae male adfectam tueri,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 68:

    adfecta res publica,

    Liv. 5, 57:

    Quid est enim non ita adfectum, ut non deletum exstinctumque esse fateare?

    Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3:

    sic mihi (Sicilia) adfecta visa est, ut hae terrae solent, in quibus bellum versatum est,

    id. Verr. 5, 18, 47:

    adfecta res familiaris,

    Liv. 5, 10:

    opem rebus adfectis orare,

    id. 6, 3; so Tac. H. 2, 69:

    fides,

    id. ib. 3, 65:

    spes,

    Val. Fl. 4, 60.—
    (γ).
    Of persons, in gen. sense, disposed, affected, moved, touched:

    Quonam modo, Philumena mea, nunc te offendam adfectam?

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 45:

    quomodo sim adfectus, e Leptā poteris cognoscere,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 17:

    ut eodem modo erga amicum adfecti simus, quo erga nosmetipsos,

    id. Lael. 16, 56; id. Fin. 1, 20, 68:

    cum ita simus adfecti, ut non possimus plane simul vivere,

    id. Att. 13, 23; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

    oculus conturbatus non est probe adfectus ad suum munus fungendum,

    in proper state, id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

    oculi nimis arguti, quem ad modum animo adfecti simus, loquuntur,

    id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; id. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Att. 12, 41, 2.—
    (δ).
    As rhet. t. t.: affectus ad, related to, resembling:

    Tum ex eis rebus, quae quodam modo affectae sunt ad id, de quo quaeritur,

    Cic. Top. 2, 8 Forcellini.—
    B.
    With abl. chiefly of persons, in indifferent sense, in good or bad sense (cf.:

    Animi quem ad modum adfecti sint, virtutibus, vitiis, artibus, inertiis, aut quem ad modum commoti, cupiditate, metu, voluptate, molestiā,

    Cic. Part. Or. 10, 35).
    (α).
    In indifferent sense, furnished with, having:

    validos lictores ulmeis affectos lentis virgis,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 29:

    pari filo similique (corpora) adfecta figurā,

    Lucr. 2, 341:

    Tantāne adfectum quemquam esse hominem audaciā!

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 84:

    omnibus virtutibus,

    Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—
    (β).
    In bad sense:

    aegritudine, morbo adfectus,

    Col. R. R. 7, 5, 20:

    aerumnis omnibus,

    Lucr. 3, 50:

    sollicitudine,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

    difficultatibus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 13:

    fatigatione,

    Curt. 7, 11:

    frigore et penuriā,

    id. 7, 3:

    adfecta sterilitate terra, Col. R. R. praef. 1, 2: vitiis,

    Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

    ignominiā,

    id. Att. 7, 3:

    supplicio,

    Tac. A. 15, 54:

    verberibus,

    Curt. 7, 11:

    vulnere corpus adfectum,

    Liv. 1, 25:

    morbo,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 6:

    dolore,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

    febre,

    Suet. Vit. 14:

    pestilentiā,

    Liv. 41, 5:

    desperatione,

    Cic. Att. 14, 22:

    clade,

    Curt. 10, 6:

    senectute,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 68:

    aetate,

    id. Cat. 2, 20; id. Sen. 14, 47:

    morte,

    Serv. ad Cic. Fam. 4, 12.— Sup.:

    remiges inopiā adfectissimi,

    Vell. 2, 84.—
    (γ).
    In good sense:

    beneficio adfectus,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

    aliquo honore aut imperio,

    id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

    valetudine optimā,

    id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

    laetitiā,

    id. Mur. 2, 4, and ad Brut. 1, 4:

    munere deorum,

    id. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

    praemiis,

    id. Pis. 37, 90.— Adv.: affectē ( adf-), with (a strong) affection, deeply:

    oblectamur et contristamur et conterremur in somniis quam adfecte et anxie et passibiliter,

    Tert. Anim. 45.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adficio

  • 19 afficio

    af-fĭcĭo (better adf-), affēci (adf-), affectum (adf-), 3, v. a. [facio], to do something to one, i. e. to exert an influence on body or mind, so that it is brought into such or such a state (used by the poets rarely, by Hor. never).
    1.
    Aliquem.
    A.
    Of the body rarely, and then commonly in a bad sense:

    ut aestus, labor, fames, sitisque corpora adficerent,

    Liv. 28, 15:

    contumeliis adficere corpora sua,

    Vulg. Rom. 1, 24:

    non simplex Damasichthona vulnus Adficit,

    Ov. M. 6, 255:

    aconitum cor adficit,

    Scrib. Comp. 188:

    corpus adficere M. Antonii,

    Cic. Phil. 3:

    pulmo totus adficitur,

    Cels. 4, 7; with abl. of spec.:

    stomacho et vesicā adfici,

    Scrib. Comp. 186. —In bon. part.:

    corpus ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire rationi possit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23.—
    B.
    More freq. of the mind:

    litterae tuae sic me adfecerunt, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 14, 3, 2:

    is terror milites hostesque in diversum adfecit,

    Tac. A. 11, 19:

    varie sum adfectus tuis litteris,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 2:

    consules oportere sic adfici, ut, etc.,

    Plin. Pan. 90:

    adfici a Gratiā aut a Voluptate,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 12; id. Mil. 29, 79:

    sollicitudo de te duplex nos adficit,

    id. Brut. 92, 332:

    uti ei qui audirent, sic adficerentur animis, ut eos adfici vellet orator,

    id. de Or. 1, 19, 87 B. and K.:

    adfici animos in diversum habitum,

    Quint. 1, 10, 25.—
    2.
    With acc. and abl., to affect a person or (rarely) thing with something; in a good sense, to bestow upon, grace with; in a bad sense, to visit with, inflict upon; or the ablative and verb may be rendered by the verb corresponding to the ablative, and if an adjective accompany the ablative, this adjective becomes an adverb.—Of inanimate things (rare): luce locum adficiens, lighting up the place, Varr. ap. Non. p. 250, 2:

    adficere medicamine vultum,

    Ov. Med. Fac. 67:

    factum non eo nomine adficiendum,

    designated, Cic. Top. 24, 94:

    res honore adficere,

    to honor, id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

    non postulo, ut dolorem eisdem verbis adficias, quibus Epicurus, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18.—
    3.
    Very freq. of persons.
    (α).
    In a good sense:

    Qui praedā atque agro adoreāque adfecit populares suos,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38:

    quem sepulturā adficit,

    buries, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56:

    patres adfecerat gloriā,

    id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    admiratione,

    id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

    voluptate,

    id. Fin. 3, 11, 37:

    beneficio,

    id. Agr. 1, 4, 13:

    honore,

    id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

    laude,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 47:

    nomine regis,

    to style, id. Deiot. 5, 14:

    bonis nuntiis,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 8:

    muneribus,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 3; Nep. Ages. 3, 3:

    praemio,

    Cic. Mil. 30, 82:

    pretio,

    Verg. A. 12, 352:

    stipendio,

    Cic. Balb. 27, 61.—
    (β).
    In a bad sense: injuriā abs te adficior indignā, pater, am wronged unjustly, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Heren. 2, 24, 38; so Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 3:

    Quantā me curā et sollicitudine adficit Gnatus,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 1; so Cic. Att. 1, 18:

    desiderio,

    id. Fam. 2, 12:

    timore,

    to terrify, id. Quint. 2, 6:

    difficultate,

    to embarrass, Caes. B. G. 7, 6:

    molestiā,

    to trouble, Cic. Att. 15, 1:

    tantis malis,

    Vulg. Num. 11, 15:

    maculā,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113:

    ignominiā,

    id. ib. 39, 123:

    contumeliis,

    Vulg. Ezech. 22, 7; ib. Luc. 20, 11:

    rerum et verborum acerbitatibus,

    Suet. Calig. 2:

    verberibus,

    Just. 1, 5:

    supplicio,

    Cic. Brut. 1, 16; so Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

    poenā,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    exsilio,

    to banish, id. Thras. 3:

    morte, cruciatu, cruce,

    Cic. Verr. 3, 4, 9:

    morte,

    Vulg. Matt. 10, 21:

    cruce,

    Suet. Galb. 9:

    ultimis cruciatibus,

    Liv. 21, 44:

    leto,

    Nep. Regg. 3, 2.—And often in pass.:

    sollicitudine et inopiā consilii,

    Cic. Att. 3, 6:

    adfici aegritudine,

    id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

    doloribus pedum,

    id. Fam. 6, 19:

    morbo oculorum,

    Nep. Hann. 4, 3:

    inopiā rei frumentariae,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

    calamitate et injuriā,

    Cic. Att. 11, 2:

    magnā poenā, Auct. B. G. 8, 39: vulneribus,

    Col. R. R. 4, 11:

    torminibus et inflationibus,

    Plin. 29, 5, 33, § 103:

    servitute,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 44.—Hence, affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.
    I.
    In a peculiar sense, that on which we have bestowed labor, that which we are now doing, so that it is nearly at an end; cf.: Adfecta, sicut M. Cicero et [p. 67] veterum elegantissime locuti sunt, ea proprie dicebantur, quae non ad finem ipsum, sed proxime finem progressa deductave erant, Gell. 3, 16:

    bellum adfectum videmus et paene confectum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

    in provinciā (Caesar) commoratur, ut ea. quae per eum adfecta sunt, perfecta rei publicae tradat,

    id. ib. 12, 29: cum adfectā prope aestate uvas a sole mitescere tempus, etc., near the end of summer, id. ap. Gell. l. c.:

    Jamque hieme adfectā mitescere coeperat annus,

    Sil. 15, 502:

    in Q. Mucii infirmissimā valetudine adfectāque jam aetate,

    Cic. de Or. 1,45,200; id. Verr. 2,4,43, § 95.—
    II.
    In nearly the same sense as the verb, absol. and with abl.
    A.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Of persons laboring under disease, or not yet quite recovered:

    Qui cum ita adfectus esset, ut sibi ipse diffideret,

    was in such a state, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

    Caesarem Neapoli adfectum graviter videam,

    very ill, id. Att. 14, 17; so Sen. Ep. 101:

    quem adfectum visuros crediderant,

    ill, Liv. 28, 26:

    corpus adfectum,

    id. 9, 3:

    adfectae vires corporis,

    reduced strength, weakness, id. 5, 18:

    puella,

    Prop. 3, 24, 1:

    aegra et adfecta mancipia,

    Suet. Claud. 25:

    jam quidem adfectum, sed tamen spirantem,

    id. Tib. 21.—
    (β).
    Of things, weakened, sick, broken, reduced:

    partem istam rei publicae male adfectam tueri,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 68:

    adfecta res publica,

    Liv. 5, 57:

    Quid est enim non ita adfectum, ut non deletum exstinctumque esse fateare?

    Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3:

    sic mihi (Sicilia) adfecta visa est, ut hae terrae solent, in quibus bellum versatum est,

    id. Verr. 5, 18, 47:

    adfecta res familiaris,

    Liv. 5, 10:

    opem rebus adfectis orare,

    id. 6, 3; so Tac. H. 2, 69:

    fides,

    id. ib. 3, 65:

    spes,

    Val. Fl. 4, 60.—
    (γ).
    Of persons, in gen. sense, disposed, affected, moved, touched:

    Quonam modo, Philumena mea, nunc te offendam adfectam?

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 45:

    quomodo sim adfectus, e Leptā poteris cognoscere,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 17:

    ut eodem modo erga amicum adfecti simus, quo erga nosmetipsos,

    id. Lael. 16, 56; id. Fin. 1, 20, 68:

    cum ita simus adfecti, ut non possimus plane simul vivere,

    id. Att. 13, 23; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

    oculus conturbatus non est probe adfectus ad suum munus fungendum,

    in proper state, id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

    oculi nimis arguti, quem ad modum animo adfecti simus, loquuntur,

    id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; id. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Att. 12, 41, 2.—
    (δ).
    As rhet. t. t.: affectus ad, related to, resembling:

    Tum ex eis rebus, quae quodam modo affectae sunt ad id, de quo quaeritur,

    Cic. Top. 2, 8 Forcellini.—
    B.
    With abl. chiefly of persons, in indifferent sense, in good or bad sense (cf.:

    Animi quem ad modum adfecti sint, virtutibus, vitiis, artibus, inertiis, aut quem ad modum commoti, cupiditate, metu, voluptate, molestiā,

    Cic. Part. Or. 10, 35).
    (α).
    In indifferent sense, furnished with, having:

    validos lictores ulmeis affectos lentis virgis,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 29:

    pari filo similique (corpora) adfecta figurā,

    Lucr. 2, 341:

    Tantāne adfectum quemquam esse hominem audaciā!

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 84:

    omnibus virtutibus,

    Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—
    (β).
    In bad sense:

    aegritudine, morbo adfectus,

    Col. R. R. 7, 5, 20:

    aerumnis omnibus,

    Lucr. 3, 50:

    sollicitudine,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

    difficultatibus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 13:

    fatigatione,

    Curt. 7, 11:

    frigore et penuriā,

    id. 7, 3:

    adfecta sterilitate terra, Col. R. R. praef. 1, 2: vitiis,

    Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

    ignominiā,

    id. Att. 7, 3:

    supplicio,

    Tac. A. 15, 54:

    verberibus,

    Curt. 7, 11:

    vulnere corpus adfectum,

    Liv. 1, 25:

    morbo,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 6:

    dolore,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

    febre,

    Suet. Vit. 14:

    pestilentiā,

    Liv. 41, 5:

    desperatione,

    Cic. Att. 14, 22:

    clade,

    Curt. 10, 6:

    senectute,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 68:

    aetate,

    id. Cat. 2, 20; id. Sen. 14, 47:

    morte,

    Serv. ad Cic. Fam. 4, 12.— Sup.:

    remiges inopiā adfectissimi,

    Vell. 2, 84.—
    (γ).
    In good sense:

    beneficio adfectus,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

    aliquo honore aut imperio,

    id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

    valetudine optimā,

    id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

    laetitiā,

    id. Mur. 2, 4, and ad Brut. 1, 4:

    munere deorum,

    id. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

    praemiis,

    id. Pis. 37, 90.— Adv.: affectē ( adf-), with (a strong) affection, deeply:

    oblectamur et contristamur et conterremur in somniis quam adfecte et anxie et passibiliter,

    Tert. Anim. 45.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > afficio

  • 20 damnum

    damnum (late Lat. sometimes dampnum), i, n. [for daminum, neut. of old Part. of dare, = to didomenon, v. Ritschl, Opusc. Phil. 2, 709 sq. Less correctly regarded as akin to dapanê. Cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 176 Müll.; Dig. 39, 2, 3], hurt, harm, damage, injury, loss; opp. to lucrum (syn. jactura, detrimentum, incommodum, dispendium. Freq. and class.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    hauscit, hoc paullum lucri quantum ei damni adportet,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 25; cf.:

    si in maximis lucris paullum aliquid damni contraxerit,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 91; id. Verr. 2, 1, 12 (with dedecus, as in Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 37; Sall. J. 31, 19; Hor. S. 1, 2, 52; 2, 2, 96 et saep.); Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13; id. Phil. 2, 27, 67; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300; id. Ep. 1, 7, 88 et saep.:

    propter damna aut detrimenta aliquos miseros esse,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 19, 51;

    so with detrimenta,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 98;

    with jactura,

    id. Agr. 1, 7, 21: duarum cohortium damno exercitum reducere, * Caes. B. G. 6, 44; cf. Tac. A. 1, 71; id. H. 2, 66; Curt. 8, 4; Frontin. Strat. 2, 5, 31 fin.: damnum dare alicui, to inflict upon one (ante-classical), Cato R. R. 149 (twice); Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 108; id. Truc. 2, 1, 17; Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 116:

    facere,

    to suffer, sustain, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 77 (opp. lucrum); Cic. Brut. 33; id. Fam. 7, 33; 10, 28, 3 al.;

    but also,

    to inflict a penalty, Dig. 9, 2, 30, § 3; Ov. Fast. 5, 311:

    capere,

    Dig. 9, 2, 39;

    and in the alliterative passage: in palaestram, ubi damnis desudascitur, Ubi pro disco damnum capiam,

    Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 34:

    accipere,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28; Dig. 39, 2, 25:

    pati,

    to suffer harm, Sen. Ira, 1, 2; Dig. 9, 2, 29 (but damnum pati, also, to permit, put up with harm, Liv. 22, 41, 4; Luc. 8, 750):

    ferre (a favorite expression of Ovid),

    Ov. H. 15, 64; id. F. 1, 60; 2, 522; id. Tr. 3, 8, 34 al.:

    contrahere (of disease),

    id. Pont. 1, 10, 29 et saep.:

    pervenit ad miseros damno graviore colonos Pestis,

    id. M. 7, 552; cf. id. ib. 3, 213;

    8, 777: damna tamen celeres reparant caelestia lunae,

    i. e. of the waning of the moon, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 13:

    naturae damnum,

    natural defect, Liv. 7, 4 fin. —Prov.:

    damnum appellandum est cum mala fama lucrum,

    Pub. Syr. 135 (Ribb.).—
    B.
    Transf., of persons:

    hoc ad damnum (i. e. scortum) deferetur,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 24: cf. ib. 21 and 60; Ov. M. 11, 381; 12, 16; cf. id. ib. 11, 133.
    II.
    Esp. in law.
    A.
    A fine, mulct, penalty, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182; Liv. 4, 53, 7; 7, 4, 2; Gell. 20, 1, 32:

    quis umquam tanto damno senatorem coegit?

    Cic. Phil. 1, 5 fin.:

    eos (leges) morte, exsilio, vinclis, damno coercent,

    id. Off. 3, 5, 23.—
    B.
    Freq. in the terms,
    1.
    damnum injuria (datum), i. e. an injury done to another's beast or slave, for which the lex Aquilia provided compensation, (Caesulenus senex) cum ab Sabellio multam lege Aquilia damni injuria petivisset, Cic. Brut. 34, 131; id. Tull. 4, 8; 5, 11; 17, 41.—
    2.
    Damnum infectum, an injury not done but threatened, and against which the person endangered might require security, Cic. Top. 4, 22; Dig. 39, 2, 3; Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6 (cf. infectus).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > damnum

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • injuria — INJURIÁ, injuriez, vb. I. tranz. A aduce cuiva o injurie; a insulta, a jigni. [pr.: ri a] – Din fr. injurier. Trimis de valeriu, 21.07.2003. Sursa: DEX 98  INJURIÁ vb. v. insulta, jigni, ofensa, ultragia. Trimis de siveco, 13.09.2007. Sursa: Si …   Dicționar Român

  • injuria — ‘Agravio u ofensa de palabra o de obra’: «Puede insultarme cuanto guste. Estoy acostumbrado a la injuria y a la calumnia» (Cabal Vade [Esp. 1982]). No debe emplearse en español con el sentido de ‘daño o lesión de carácter físico’, calco… …   Diccionario panhispánico de dudas

  • injuria — in·ju·ria /in ju̇r ē ə/ n pl injurias [Latin, unlawful conduct, unjust treatment]: invasion of another s rights for which one may bring an action Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996. injuria …   Law dictionary

  • injúria — s. f. 1. Ato ou expressão altamente ofensiva. = INSULTO 2. Violação do direito de outrem. 3. Estrago, detrimento.   ‣ Etimologia: latim injuria, ae, injustiça, prejuízo, dano, insulto …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • Injuria — In*ju ri*a, n.; pl. {Injurie}. [L.] (Law) Injury; invasion of another s rights. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Injuria — Injuria, lat., Unrecht. Im engeren Sinn Verletzung fremder Ehre, sei es durch Handlungen (Realinj., wie Mißhandlung, verächtliche Gebärden) oder Worte (Verbalinj.). Die letztere entweder mündlich oder schriftlich, wobei die Preßinj. und geheime… …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • INJURIA — Numen olim, Vide supra Dii …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • injuria — sustantivo femenino 1. Ofensa o insulto grave: El director no sabía cómo defenderse de las injurias …   Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española

  • injuria — (Del lat. iniurĭa). 1. f. Agravio, ultraje de obra o de palabra. 2. Hecho o dicho contra razón y justicia. 3. Daño o incomodidad que causa algo. 4. Der. Delito o falta consistente en la imputación a alguien de un hecho o cualidad en menoscabo de… …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • Injuria — Las injurias (del latín iniuria, ofensa o agravio inferido a una persona ) son consideradas, en Derecho penal, un delito contra el honor o la buena fama, contemplado en algunas legislaciones, y regulado de forma diversa. Contenido 1 Injurias y… …   Wikipedia Español

  • injuria — (Del lat. injuria, injusticia.) ► sustantivo femenino 1 Ofensa o insulto, realizados con palabras o hechos: ■ allí mismo le lanzó una serie de injurias que asustaban. SINÓNIMO infamia ultraje 2 Daño o molestia que causa esa ofensa o insulto. * *… …   Enciclopedia Universal

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»