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1 independente
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2 ser independente
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3 colaborador independente
freelancer, freelanceDicionário português (brasileiro)-Inglês > colaborador independente
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4 independent action
French\ \ action indépendanteGerman\ \ unabhängige WirkungDutch\ \ onafhankelijke werkingItalian\ \ azione indipendenteSpanish\ \ acción independienteCatalan\ \ acció independentPortuguese\ \ acção independente; ação independente (bra)Romanian\ \ -Danish\ \ -Norwegian\ \ -Swedish\ \ -Greek\ \ ανεξάρτητη δράσηFinnish\ \ riippumaton vaikutusHungarian\ \ független cselekedetTurkish\ \ bağımsız hareketEstonian\ \ sõltumatu toimeLithuanian\ \ nepriklausomasis poveikis; nepriklausomasis veiksmasSlovenian\ \ -Polish\ \ niezależna akcjaRussian\ \ независимая акцияUkrainian\ \ незалежні подіїSerbian\ \ независна акцијаIcelandic\ \ sjálfstæð aðgerðEuskara\ \ ekintza independenteFarsi\ \ m le most ghelPersian-Farsi\ \ -Arabic\ \ اجراء مستقلAfrikaans\ \ onafhanklike aksieChinese\ \ 独 立 行 动 ， 独 立 行 为Korean\ \ 독립 행동 -
5 independent variable
= cause variable; explanatory variable; fixed variable; predicated variable; predictor; predictor variable; regressorFrench\ \ variable causale (rare); variable explicative; variable explicative; régresseur; variable indépendante; variable fixe; variable prédictiveGerman\ \ unabhängige Variable; ursächliche Variable; erklärende Variable; Einflußvariable; Regressor; PrädiktorDutch\ \ variabele; prediktor; causale variabeleItalian\ \ variabile causa; variabile causale; variabile esplicativa; variabile predeterminata; variabile independente nella regressione; variabile fissata; predittoreSpanish\ \ variable; variable explicativa; variable propuesta; variable predictiva; variable independiente de la regresión; variable fija; variable aleatoria fijada; predictoraCatalan\ \ variable independent; variable causal; variable explicativa; variable fixa; variable de predicció; predictor; regressorPortuguese\ \ variável independente; variável causal; variável explicativa; variável controlada; variável de regressão; preditorRomanian\ \ -Danish\ \ arsags-/forklarende variabel; årsagsvariabel; uafhængig variabel; prediktorNorwegian\ \ årsaksvariabel; forklaringsvariabel; regressor; prediktor; uavhengig variabelSwedish\ \ förklarande variabel; oberoende variabelGreek\ \ ανεξάρτητη μεταβλητή; αιτιατή μεταβλητή; επεξηγηματική μεταβλητή; προβλεπόμενη μεταβλητή; μεταβλητή πρόβλεψης παλινδρομητήςFinnish\ \ riippumaton t. selittävä muuttuja; selittäjä; syymuuttuja; kiinteä muuttuja; ennustava muuttuja (prediktori)Hungarian\ \ magyarázó változó; elõrejelzett változó; állandó változó; független változóTurkish\ \ bağımsız değişken; neden değişkeni; açıklayıcı değişken; saptanmış (sabit) değişken; regresör değişken; kestirici; ön kestirici değişkenEstonian\ \ seletav tunnus; argumenttunnus; prognoositud tunnus; sõltumatu tunnusLithuanian\ \ nepriklausomas dydis; atsitiktinis dydisSlovenian\ \ vzročna spremenljivka; pojasnjevalna spremenljivka; neodvisna spremenljivkaPolish\ \ przyczyna; zmienna objaśniająca; zmienna losowa o ustalonych wartościach; przewidywana zmienna; predykator; predyktor; regresor (zmienna niezależna w równaniu regresji); zmienna niezależnaRussian\ \ независимая переменная; аргумент причинной зависимости; объясняющая переменная; заданная (фиксированная) переменная; переменная основанная на фактах; предсказатель; прогнозируемая переменная; параметр (фактор) уравнения регрессии; регрессорUkrainian\ \ незалежні змінніSerbian\ \ независна променљива; узрочна променљива; фиксна променљива; предиктор; регресорIcelandic\ \ skýribreyta; óháð breyta; forsagnarbreyta; frumbreyta; hjábreytaEuskara\ \ aldagai esplikatzaile; aldagai azaltzaile; aldagai finko; aldagai independente; aldagai askeFarsi\ \ mot gh yere most ghel; pishgooPersian-Farsi\ \ متغيّر مستقل; متغيّر تبييني; رگرسورArabic\ \ متغير مستقل؛ متغير متسبب؛ المتغير الموضح ؛ المتغير الثابتAfrikaans\ \ oorsaaklike veranderlike; kousale veranderlike; verklarende veranderlike; vaste veranderlike (regressieanalise); voorspeller; onafhanklike veranderlikeChinese\ \ 独 立 变 量 ， 自 变 量; 原 因 变 量; 解 译 变 量 ， 自 变 量; 预 测 值 （ 者 ） ， 预 计 量Korean\ \ 독립변수; 설명변수; 고정변수; 예측변수 -
6 independent censoring
French\ \ censure indépendanteGerman\ \ unabhängige ZensierungDutch\ \ onafhankelijke censureringItalian\ \ censura indipendenteSpanish\ \ censura independienteCatalan\ \ censura independentPortuguese\ \ censura independenteRomanian\ \ -Danish\ \ uafhængig censurNorwegian\ \ -Swedish\ \ oberoende censureringGreek\ \ ανεξάρτητη λογοκρισίαFinnish\ \ riippumaton sensurointiHungarian\ \ -Turkish\ \ bağımsız sansürlemeEstonian\ \ -Lithuanian\ \ -Slovenian\ \ -Polish\ \ -Russian\ \ независимое цензурированиеUkrainian\ \ -Serbian\ \ -Icelandic\ \ sjálfstæð ritskoðaEuskara\ \ independente zentsuraFarsi\ \ -Persian-Farsi\ \ -Arabic\ \ المراقبة المستقلةAfrikaans\ \ onafhanklike sensoreringChinese\ \ -Korean\ \ 독립 중도절단 -
7 distribution-free method
French\ \ méthode non paramétrique; méthode indépendante de la distributionGerman\ \ verteilungsfreies VerfahrenDutch\ \ verdelingsvrije methodeItalian\ \ metodo (di verifica o di pianificazione) indipendenti dal tipo di distribuzioneSpanish\ \ metodo (de verificación o planificación) independiente de tipo de distribución; método a libre distribuciónCatalan\ \ mètode a llliure distribucióPortuguese\ \ método independente da distribuição de base; método não-paramétricoRomanian\ \ -Danish\ \ fordelingsfri metodeNorwegian\ \ fordelingsfri metodeSwedish\ \ fördelningsfri metodGreek\ \ διανομής χωρίς μέθοδοFinnish\ \ jakaumasta riippumaton menetelmäHungarian\ \ eloszlástól független módszerTurkish\ \ dağılımdan bağımsızlık yöntemi (metodu)Estonian\ \ jaotusvaba meetodLithuanian\ \ nepriklausantis nuo skirstinio; neparametrinis metodasSlovenian\ \ distribucijo brez metodoPolish\ \ metoda niezależna od rozkładu; metoda nieparametrycznaRussian\ \ непараметрический методUkrainian\ \ непараметричні методиSerbian\ \ -Icelandic\ \ dreifingar-frjáls aðferðEuskara\ \ banaketa-free metodoaFarsi\ \ raveshe tozi azadPersian-Farsi\ \ روش آزادتوزیعArabic\ \ طريقة لا توزيعيةAfrikaans\ \ verdelingsvrye metodeChinese\ \ 分 布 函 数Korean\ \ 분포무관방법 -
8 strongly distribution free
French\ \ distribution fortement robusteGerman\ \ streng verteilungsfreiDutch\ \ streng verdelingsvrijItalian\ \ distribution free in senso strettoSpanish\ \ -Catalan\ \ -Portuguese\ \ fortemente independente de distribuiçãoRomanian\ \ -Danish\ \ -Norwegian\ \ -Swedish\ \ -Greek\ \ σθεναρά τη διανομή δωρεάνFinnish\ \ vahvasti jakaumasta riippumatonHungarian\ \ tartósan eloszlástól függetlenTurkish\ \ güçlü dağılımdan bağımsızEstonian\ \ tugevalt jaotusvabaLithuanian\ \ griežtai neparametrinis skirstinysSlovenian\ \ -Polish\ \ silna nieparametrycznośćRussian\ \ сильно непараметрическийUkrainian\ \ сильно непараметричнийSerbian\ \ -Icelandic\ \ eindregið dreifingu ókeypisEuskara\ \ -Farsi\ \ -Persian-Farsi\ \ -Arabic\ \ توزيع حر بشدةAfrikaans\ \ sterk verdelingsvryChinese\ \ 强 非 参 数 分 布 ， 强 无 分 布Korean\ \ 강 분포 무관 -
9 Armed forces
Although armed force has been a major factor in the development of the Portuguese nation-state, a standing army did not exist until after the War of Restoration (1641-48). During the 18th century, Portugal's small army was drawn into many European wars. In 1811, a combined Anglo-Portuguese army drove the French army of Napoleon out of the country. After Germany declared war on Portugal in March 1916, two Portuguese divisions were conscripted and sent to France, where they sustained heavy casualties at the Battle of Lys in April 1918. As Portugal and Spain were neutral in World War II, the Portuguese Army cooperated with the Spanish army to defend Iberian neutrality. In 1949, Portugal became a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). When the nationalist quest for independence began in Portugal's colonies in Africa ( Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea- Bissau) in the 1960s, the military effort (1961-74) to suppress the nationalists resulted in an expansion of the Portuguese armed forces to about 250,000.Since the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the number of personnel on active duty in the army, navy, and air force has been greatly reduced (43,200 in 2007) and given a more direct role in NATO. New NATO commitments led to the organization of the Brigada Mista Independente (Independent Composite Brigade), later converted into the Brigada Aero-Transportada. (Air-Transported Brigade) to be used in the defense of Europe's southern flank. The Portuguese air force and navy are responsible for the defense of the Azores-Madeira-Portugal strategic triangle.Chronic military intervention in Portuguese political life began in the 19th century. These interventions usually began with revolts of the military ( pronunciamentos) in order to get rid of what were considered by the armed forces corrupt or incompetent civilian governments. The army overthrew the monarchy on the 5 October 1910 and established Portugal's First Republic. It overthrew the First Republic on 28 May 1926 and established a military dictatorship. The army returned to the barracks during the Estado Novo of Antônio de Oliveira Salazar. The armed forces once again returned to politics when the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) overthrew the Estado Novo on 25 April 1974. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the armed forces again played a major role in Portuguese politics through the Council of the Revolution, which was composed of the president of the Republic, Chiefs of the general staff, three service chiefs, and 14 MFA officers. The Council of the Revolution advised the president on the selection of the prime minister and could veto legislation.The subordination of the Portuguese armed forces to civilian authority began in 1982, when revisions to the Constitution abolished the Council of the Revolution and redefined the mission of the armed forces to that of safeguarding and defending the national territory. By the early 1990s, the political influence of Portugal armed force had waned and civilian control was reinforced with the National Defense Laws of 1991, which made the chief of the general staff of the armed forces directly responsible to the minister of defense, not the president of the republic, as had been the case previously. As the end of the Cold War had eliminated the threat of a Soviet invasion of western Europe, Portuguese armed forces continues to be scaled back and reorganized. Currently, the focus is on modernization to achieve high operational efficiency in certain areas such as air defense, naval patrols, and rapid-response capability in case of terrorist attack. Compulsory military service was ended in 2004. The Portuguese armed forces have been employed as United Nations peacekeepers in East Timor, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Lebanon. -
10 Media
The purpose of the media during the Estado Novo (1926-74) was to communicate official government policy. Therefore, the government strictly censored newspapers, magazines, and books. Radio and television broadcasting was in the hands of two state-owned companies: Radiodifusão Portuguesa (RDP) and Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (RTP). The first TV broadcasts aired in March 1957, and the official state visit of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain to Portugal was featured. The only independent broadcasting company during the Estado Novo was the Catholic Church's Radio Renascença. Writers and journalists who violated the regime's guidelines were severely sanctioned. Under Prime Minister Marcello Caetano, censorship was relaxed somewhat, and writers were allowed to publish critical and controversial works without fear of punishment. Caetano attempted to "speak to the people" through television. Daily program content consisted of little more than government-controlled (and censored) news programs and dull documentaries.After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, censorship was abolished. As the revolution veered leftward, some sectors of the media were seized by opponents of the views they expressed. The most famous case was the seizure of Radio Renascença by those who sought to bring it into line with the drift leftward. State ownership of the media was increased after 25 April 1974, when banks were nationalized because most banks owned at least one newspaper. As the Revolution moderated and as banking was privatized during the 1980s and 1990s, newspapers were also privatized.The history of two major Lisbon dailies illustrates recent cycles of Portuguese politics and pressures. O Século, a major Lisbon daily paper was founded in 1881 and was influenced by Republican, even Masonic ideas. When the first Republic began in 1910, the editorials of O Século defended the new system, but the economic and social turmoil disillusioned the paper's directors. In 1924, O Século, under publisher João Pereira da Rosa, called for political reform and opposed the Democratic Party, which monopolized elections and power in the Republic. This paper was one of the two most important daily papers, and it backed the military coup of 28 May 1926 and the emergent military dictatorship. Over the history of the Estado Novo, this paper remained somewhat to the left of the other major daily paper in Lisbon, Diário de Notícias, but in 1972 the paper suffered a severe financial crisis and was bought by a Lisbon banker. During the more chaotic times after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, O Século experienced its own time of turmoil, in which there was a split between workers and editors, firings, resignations, and financial trouble. After a series of financial problems and controversy over procommunist staff, the paper was suspended and then ceased publication in February 1977. In the 1990s, there was a brief but unsuccessful attempt to revive O Século.Today, the daily paper with the largest circulation is Diário de Notícias of Lisbon, which was established in 1883. It became the major daily paper of record, but after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, like O Século, the paper suffered difficulties, both political and financial. One of its editors in the "hot" summer of 1975 was José Saramago, future Nobel Prize winner in literature, and there was an internal battle in the editorial rooms between factions. The paper was, like O Século, nationalized in 1976, but in 1991, Diário de Notícias was reprivatized and today it continues to be the daily paper of record, leading daily circulation.Currently, about 20 daily newspapers are published in Portugal, in Lisbon, the capital, as well as in the principal cities of Oporto, Coimbra, and Évora. The major Lisbon newspapers are Diário de Notícias (daily and newspaper of record), Publico (daily), Correia da Manha (daily), Jornal de Noticias (daily), Expresso (weekly), The Portugal News (English language weekly), The Resident (English language weekly), and Get Real Weekly (English language).These papers range from the excellent, such as Público and the Diário de Notícias, to the sensationalistic, such as Correio da Manhã. Portugal's premier weekly newspaper is Expresso, founded by Francisco Balsemão during the last years of Marcello Caetano's governance, whose modern format, spirit, and muted criticism of the regime helped prepare public opinion for regime change in 1974. Another weekly is O Independente, founded in 1988, which specializes in political satire. In addition to these newspapers, Portugal has a large number of newspapers and magazines published for a specific readership: sports fans, gardeners, farmers, boating enthusiasts, etc. In addition to the two state-owned TV channels, Portugal has two independent channels, one of which is operated by the Catholic Church. TV programming is now diverse and sophisticated, with a great variety of programs of both domestic and foreign content. The most popular TV programs have been soap operas and serialized novels ( telenovelas) imported from Brazil. In the 1990s, Portugal attempted to produce its own telenovelas and soap operas, but these have not been as popular as the more exotic Brazilian imports.
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