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41 leche en polvo
powdered milk* * ** * *(n.) = dry milk, powder milk, powdered milk, milk powderEx. Be sure the dry milk you are buying has been fortified with vitamins A and D.Ex. Slovakia will grant food aid in the form of 250 tons of powder milk to people of Iraq suffering from war.Ex. With the price of milk soaring through the roof lots of folks are reconsidering powdered milk for it's economy.Ex. Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.* * ** * *(n.) = dry milk, powder milk, powdered milk, milk powderEx: Be sure the dry milk you are buying has been fortified with vitamins A and D.
Ex: Slovakia will grant food aid in the form of 250 tons of powder milk to people of Iraq suffering from war.Ex: With the price of milk soaring through the roof lots of folks are reconsidering powdered milk for it's economy.Ex: Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.* * *powdered milk -
42 matriz
adj.1 parent (empresa).casa matriz head office2 holding.La compañía matriz The holding company.3 matrix.f.1 womb (anatomy).2 (check) stub.3 mold (molde).4 matrix (math & computing).5 die, swage, hub, swage block.6 parent, parent company.* * *(pl matrices)1 ANATOMÍA womb2 TÉCNICA mould (US mold)3 (original) original, master copy4 (de talonario) stub, counterfoil5 MATEMÁTICAS matrix► adjetivo1 principal* * *1. SF1) (Anat) womb, uterus2) (Téc) mould, mold (EEUU), die; (Tip) matrix3) [de talonario] stub, counterfoil4) (Jur) original, master copy5) (Mat) matrix; (Inform) array2.ADJcasa matriz — (Com) (=sede) head office; (=compañía) parent company; (=convento) parent house
* * *1)a) ( útero) womb, uterusb) ( molde) mold*c) ( de documento) original; ( de disco) masterd) ( de talonario) stube) ( de un test) master copyf) ( esténcil) stencil2) (Inf, Mat) matrix3) ( de empresa) headquarters (sing or pl)* * *= hose, master, matrix [matrixes/matrices, -pl.], type image, matrix [matrixes/matrices, -pl.].Nota: En imprenta, molde usado para la fundición de los tipos de imprenta.Ex. Further down still the shank of the spindle, rounded again, entered the hose, which was an oblong rectangular wooden box, 25 cm. long by 12.5 cm. square bored with a hole to take the spindle down its long axis.Ex. The great significance of a fully developed network will be that it will relieve libraries of the necessity of maintaining their own copies of the master data base.Ex. The combination of material type and borrower type specifies one cell in each of these matrices.Ex. An edition is all those copies of an item produced from substantially the same type image, whether by direct contact or by photographic method.Ex. The rate of production of ordinary matrices was slightly increased by the use of a screw press instead of a hammer for striking the punches, and of simple jigs for justification = El ritmo de producción de las matrices normales aumentó ligeramente por el uso de las prensas de tornillo en lugar de un martillo para golpear los tipos movibles y de unas simples plantillas de guía para la justificación.----* documento matriz = master document.* matrices = matrices [matrix, -sing.].* matriz de puntos de impacto = impact dot matrix.* matriz de similitud = similarity matrix.* número matriz = master number.* Procesador de Matrices de Texto (TAP) = Text Array Processor (TAP).* registro matriz = master record.* * *1)a) ( útero) womb, uterusb) ( molde) mold*c) ( de documento) original; ( de disco) masterd) ( de talonario) stube) ( de un test) master copyf) ( esténcil) stencil2) (Inf, Mat) matrix3) ( de empresa) headquarters (sing or pl)* * *= hose, master, matrix [matrixes/matrices, -pl.], type image, matrix [matrixes/matrices, -pl.].Nota: En imprenta, molde usado para la fundición de los tipos de imprenta.Ex: Further down still the shank of the spindle, rounded again, entered the hose, which was an oblong rectangular wooden box, 25 cm. long by 12.5 cm. square bored with a hole to take the spindle down its long axis.
Ex: The great significance of a fully developed network will be that it will relieve libraries of the necessity of maintaining their own copies of the master data base.Ex: The combination of material type and borrower type specifies one cell in each of these matrices.Ex: An edition is all those copies of an item produced from substantially the same type image, whether by direct contact or by photographic method.Ex: The rate of production of ordinary matrices was slightly increased by the use of a screw press instead of a hammer for striking the punches, and of simple jigs for justification = El ritmo de producción de las matrices normales aumentó ligeramente por el uso de las prensas de tornillo en lugar de un martillo para golpear los tipos movibles y de unas simples plantillas de guía para la justificación.* documento matriz = master document.* matrices = matrices [matrix, -sing.].* matriz de puntos de impacto = impact dot matrix.* matriz de similitud = similarity matrix.* número matriz = master number.* Procesador de Matrices de Texto (TAP) = Text Array Processor (TAP).* registro matriz = master record.* * *A1 (útero) womb, uterus2 (molde) mold*3 (de un documento) original; (de un disco) master4 (de un talonario) stub, counterfoil5 (de un test) master copy6 (esténcil) stencilB ( Mat) matrix* * *
matriz sustantivo femenino
matriz sustantivo femenino
1 Anat womb, uterus
2 (molde) mould
3 Mat matrix
' matriz' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
casa
- talón
English:
matrix
- parent company
- stub
- womb
- counter
- master
- parent
- uterus
* * *♦ nf2. [molde] mould4. [de talonario] (cheque) stub5. Informát matrixmatriz activa active matrix6. Mat matrix7. [empresa] parent company♦ adj[empresa] parent;casa matriz head office* * *f1 MAT, TÉC, GEOL matrix2 ANAT womb* * *1) : uterus, womb2) : original, master copy3) : main office, headquarters4) : stub (of a check)5) : matrixmatriz de puntos: dot matrix -
43 plantilla de guía
(n.) = jigEx. The rate of production of ordinary matrices was slightly increased by the use of a screw press instead of a hammer for striking the punches, and of simple jigs for justification = El ritmo de producción de las matrices normales aumentó ligeramente por el uso de las prensas de tornillo en lugar de un martillo para golpear los tipos movibles y de unas simples plantillas de guía para la justificación.* * *(n.) = jigEx: The rate of production of ordinary matrices was slightly increased by the use of a screw press instead of a hammer for striking the punches, and of simple jigs for justification = El ritmo de producción de las matrices normales aumentó ligeramente por el uso de las prensas de tornillo en lugar de un martillo para golpear los tipos movibles y de unas simples plantillas de guía para la justificación.
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44 precio + bajar
(n.) = price + fallEx. Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.* * *(n.) = price + fallEx: Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.
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45 precio + caer
(n.) = price + fallEx. Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.* * *(n.) = price + fallEx: Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.
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46 precio + descender
(n.) = price + fallEx. Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.* * *(n.) = price + fallEx: Milk powder prices fell for a second month as production in Europe and the US increased and concerns eased that drought would reduce global supplies.
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47 propagación
f.propagation, spread, spreading.* * *1 propagation, spreading* * *SF1) (=extensión) [de enfermedad, infección, fuego] spreading; [de ruido] spreading, diffusion frm; [de ideas] spreading, dissemination frm2) (Bio) propagation* * *femenino propagation* * *= propagation, spreading.Ex. As part of an imported culture libraries may be associated with influences undermining traditional values and self-confidence and with the propagation of negative values such as consumerism.Ex. The greatest boost to the spreading of knowledge through vastly increased book production was the invention of woodblock printing which was well developed by the late 9th century.* * *femenino propagation* * *= propagation, spreading.Ex: As part of an imported culture libraries may be associated with influences undermining traditional values and self-confidence and with the propagation of negative values such as consumerism.
Ex: The greatest boost to the spreading of knowledge through vastly increased book production was the invention of woodblock printing which was well developed by the late 9th century.* * *propagationla rápida propagación del fuego the rapid spread of the firemisioneros encargados de la propagación de la fe missionaries charged with spreading the faith o with the propagation o dissemination of the faith* * *propagación nf1. [extensión, divulgación] spreading;cortaron varios árboles para evitar la propagación del fuego they cut down several trees to stop the fire from spreading2. [de especies, ondas] propagation* * *f spread* * * -
48 sin propiedad rural
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49 sin tierras
adj.landless.* * *(adj.) = landlessEx. While the new technology increased food production, it also caused wealthy farmers to benefit more than the landless.* * *(adj.) = landlessEx: While the new technology increased food production, it also caused wealthy farmers to benefit more than the landless.
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50 marginal cost
Econthe amount by which the costs of a firm will be increased if its output is increased by one more unit, of if one more customer is served.EXAMPLEIf the price charged is greater than the marginal cost, then the revenue gain will be greater than the added cost. That, in turn, will increase profit, so the expansion in production or service makes economic sense and should proceed. The reverse is also true: if the price charged is less than the marginal cost, expansion should not go ahead.The formula for marginal cost is:Change in cost /change in quantityIf it costs a company $260,000 to produce 3,000 items, and $325,000 to produce 3,800 items, the change in cost would be:$325,000 – $260,000 = $65,000The change in quantity would be:3,800 – 3,000 = 800When the formula to calculate marginal cost is applied, the result is:$65,000 /800 = $81.25If the price of the item in question were $99.95, expansion should proceed.Relying on marginal cost is not fail-safe, however; putting more products on a market can drive down prices and thus cut margins. Moreover, committing idle capacity to longterm production may tie up resources that could be directed to a new and more profitable opportunity. An important related principle is contribution: the cash gained (or lost) from selling an additional unit. -
51 Henry, Joseph
[br]b. 17 December 1797 Albany, New York, USAd. 13 May 1878 Washington, DC, USA[br]American scientist after whom the unit of inductance is named.[br]Sent to stay with relatives at the age of 6 because of the illness of his father, when the latter died in 1811 Henry was apprenticed to a silversmith and then turned to the stage. Whilst he was ill himself, a book on science fired his interest and he began studying at Albany Academy, working as a tutor to finance his studies. Initially intending to pursue medicine, he then spent some time as a surveyor before becoming Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Albany Academy in 1826. There he became interested in the improvement of electromagnets and discovered that the use of an increased number of turns of wire round the core greatly increased their power; by 1831 he was able to supply to Yale a magnet capable of lifting almost a ton weight. During this time he also discovered the principles of magnetic induction and self-inductance. In the same year he made, but did not patent, a cable telegraph system capable of working over a distance of 1 mile (1.6 km). It was at this time, too, that he found that adiabatic expansion of gases led to their sudden cooling, thus paving the way for the development of refrigerators. For this he was recommended for, but never received, the Copley Medal of the Royal Society. Five years later he became Professor of Natural Philosophy at New Jersey College (later Princeton University), where he deduced the laws governing the operation of transformers and observed that changes in magnetic flux induced electric currents in conductors. Later he also observed that spark discharges caused electrical effects at a distance. He therefore came close to the discovery of radio waves. In 1836 he was granted a year's leave of absence and travelled to Europe, where he was able to meet Michael Faraday. It was with his help that in 1844 Samuel Morse set up the first patented electric telegraph, but, sadly, the latter seems to have reaped all the credit and financial rewards. In 1846 he became the first secretary of the Washington Smithsonian Institute and did much to develop government support for scientific research. As a result of his efforts some 500 telegraph stations across the country were equipped with meteorological equipment to supply weather information by telegraph to a central location, a facility that eventually became the US National Weather Bureau. From 1852 he was a member of the Lighthouse Board, contributing to improvements in lighting and sound warning systems and becoming its chairman in 1871. During the Civil War he was a technical advisor to President Lincoln. He was a founder of the National Academy of Science and served as its President for eleven years.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident, American Association for the Advancement of Science 1849. President, National Academy of Science 1893–1904. In 1893, to honour his work on induction, the International Congress of Electricians adopted the henry as the unit of inductance.Bibliography1824. "On the chemical and mechanical effects of steam". 1825. "The production of cold by the rarefaction of air".1832, "On the production of currents \& sparks of electricity \& magnetism", AmericanJournal of Science 22:403."Theory of the so-called imponderables", Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 6:84.Further ReadingSmithsonian Institution, 1886, Joseph Henry, Scientific Writings, Washington DC.KF -
52 Bergius, Friedrich Carl Rudolf
[br]b. 11 October 1884 Goldschmieden, near Breslau, Germanyd. 31 March Buenos Aires, Argentina[br][br]After studying chemistry in Breslau and Leipzig and assisting inter alia at the institute of Fritz Haber in Karlsruhe on the catalysis of ammonia under high pressure, in 1909 he went to Hannover to pursue his idea of turning coal into liquid hydrocarbon under high hydrogen pressure (200 atm) and high temperatures (470° C). As experiments with high pressure in chemical processes were still in their initial stages and the Technical University could not support him sufficiently, he set up a private laboratory to develop the methods and to construct the equipment himself. Four years later, in 1913, his process for producing liquid or organic compounds from coal was patented.The economic aspects of this process were apparent as the demand for fuels and lubricants increased more rapidly than the production of oil, and Bergius's process became even more important after the outbreak of the First World War. The Th. Goldschmidt company of Essen contracted him and tried large-scale production near Mannheim in 1914, but production failed because of the lack of capital and experience to operate with high pressure on an industrial level. Both capital and experience were provided jointly by the BASF company, which produced ammonia at Merseburg, and IG Farben, which took over the Bergius process in 1925, the same year that the synthesis of hydrocarbon had been developed by Fischer-Tropsch. Two years later, at the Leuna works, almost 100,000 tonnes of oil were produced from coal; during the following years, several more hydrogenation plants were to follow, especially in the eastern parts of Germany as well as in the Ruhr area, while the government guaranteed the costs. The Bergius process was extremely important for the supply of fuels to Germany during the Second World War, with the monthly production rate in 1943–4 being more than 700,000 tonnes. However, the plants were mostly destroyed at. the end of the war and were later dismantled.As a consequence of this success Bergius, who had gained an international reputation, went abroad to work as a consultant to several foreign governments. Experiments aiming to reduce the costs of production are still continued in some countries. By 1925, after he had solved all the principles of his process, he had turned to the production of dextrose by hydrolyzing wood with highly concentrated hydrochloric acid.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize 1931. Honorary doctorates, Heidelberg, Harvard and Hannover.Bibliography1907, "Über absolute Schwefelsäure als Lösungsmittel", unpublished thesis, Weida. 1913, Die Anwendung hoher Drucke bei chemischen Vorgängen und eine Nachbildungdes Entstehungsprozesses der Steinkohle, Halle. 1913, DRP no. 301, 231 (coal-liquefaction process).1925, "Verflüssigung der Kohle", Zeitschrift des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, 69:1313–20, 1359–62.1933, "Chemische Reaktionen unter hohem Druck", Les Prix Nobel en 1931, Stockholm, pp. 1–37.Further ReadingDeutsches Bergbau-Museum, 1985, Friedrich Bergius und die Kohleverflüssigung. Stationen einer Entwicklung, Bochum (gives a comprehensive and illustrated description of the man and the technology).H.Beck, 1982, Friedrich Bergius, ein Erfinderschicksal, Munich: Deutsches Museum (a detailed biographical description).W.Birkendfeld, 1964, Der synthetische Treibstoff 1933–1945. Ein Beitragzur nationalsozialistischen Wirtschafts-und Rüstungspolitik, Göttingen, Berlin and Frankfurt (describes the economic value of synthetic fuels for the Third Reich).WKBiographical history of technology > Bergius, Friedrich Carl Rudolf
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53 Produktionsleistung
Produktionsleistung f IND production rate* * *f < Ind> production rate* * *Produktionsleistung
production rate (capacity), manufacturing efficiency, producing power, output, productivity;
• nicht erreichte Produktionsleistung deficiency in output;
• inländische Produktionsleistung domestic (home) production;
• volkswirtschaftliche Produktionsleistung national product, the country’s output;
• Produktionsleistung eines Kartells cartel output;
• erhöhte Produktionsleistung einer Maschine increased rate of production of a machine;
• zu um 40 - 50% verkürzten Produktionsleistungen im Rahmen der Planung der letzten beiden Jahre führen to keep output down 40 - 50% of budgeted levels for the past two years. -
54 Clark, Edward
SUBJECT AREA: Domestic appliances and interiors[br]fl. 1850s New York State, USA[br]American co-developer of mass-production techniques at the Singer sewing machine factory.[br]Born in upstate New York, where his father was a small manufacturer, Edward Clark attended college at Williams and graduated in 1831. He became a lawyer in New York City and from then on lived either in the city or on his rural estate near Cooperstown in upstate New York. After a series of share manipulations, Clark acquired a one-third interest in Isaac M. Singer's company. They soon bought out one of Singer's earlier partners, G.B.Zeiber, and in 1851, under the name of I.M.Singer \& Co., they set up a permanent sewing machine business with headquarters in New York.The success of their firm initially rested on marketing. Clark introduced door-to-door sales-people and hire-purchase for their sewing machines in 1856 ($50 cash down, or $100 with a cash payment of $5 and $3 a month thereafter). He also trained women to demonstrate to potential customers the capabilities of the Singer sewing machine. At first their sewing machines continued to be made in the traditional way, with the parts fitted together by skilled workers through hand filing and shaping so that the parts would fit only onto one machine. This resembled European practice rather than the American system of manufacture that had been pioneered in the armouries in that country. In 1856 Singer brought out their first machine intended exclusively for home use, and at the same time manufacturing capacity was improved. Through increased sales, a new factory was built in 1858–9 on Mott Street, New York, but it soon became inadequate to meet demand.In 1863 the Singer company was incorporated as the Singer Manufacturing Co. and began to modernize its production methods with special jigs and fixtures to help ensure uniformity. More and more specialized machinery was built for making the parts. By 1880 the factory, then at Elizabethport, New Jersey, was jammed with automatic and semi-automatic machine tools. In 1882 the factory was producing sewing machines with fully interchangeable parts that did not require hand fitting in assembly. Production rose from 810 machines in 1853 to half a million in 1880. A new family model was introduced in 1881. Clark had succeeded Singer, who died in 1875, as President of the company, but he retired in 1882 after he had seen through the change to mass production.[br]Further ReadingNational Cyclopaedia of American Biography.D.A.Hounshell, 1984, From the American System to Mass Production, 1800–1932. The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States, Baltimore (a thorough account of Clark's role in the development of Singer's factories).F.B.Jewell, 1975, Veteran Sewing Machines. A Collector's Guide, Newton Abbot.RLH -
55 Austin, Herbert, Baron Austin
[br]b. 8 November 1866 Little Missenden, Buckinghamshire, Englandd. 23 May 1941 Lickey Grange, near Bromsgrove, Herefordshire, England[br]English manufacturer of cars.[br]The son of Stephen (or Steven) Austin, a farmer of Wentworth, Yorkshire, he was educated at Rotherham Grammar School and then went to Australia with an uncle in 1884. There he became apprenticed as an engineer at the Langlands Foundry in Melbourne. He moved to the Wolseley Sheep Shearing Company, and soon after became its Manager; in 1893 he returned to England, where he became Production Manager to the English branch of the same company in Birmingham. The difficulties of travel in Australia gave him an idea of the advantages of motor-driven vehicles, and in 1895 he produced the first Wolseley car. In 1901 he was appointed to the Wolseley board, and from 1911 he was Chairman.His first car was a three-wheeler. An improved model was soon available, and in 1901 the Wolseley company took over the machine tool and motor side of Vickers Sons and Maxim and traded under the name of the Wolseley Tool and Motor Car Company. Herbert Austin was the General Manager. In 1905 he decided to start his own company and formed the Austin Motor Company Ltd, with works at Longbridge, near Birmingham. With a workforce of 270, the firm produced 120 cars in 1906; by 1914 a staff of 2,000 were producing 1,000 cars a year. The First World War saw production facilities turned over to the production of aeroplanes, guns and ammunition.Peacetime brought a return to car manufacture, and 1922 saw the introduction of the 7 hp "Baby Austin", a car for the masses. Many other models followed. By 1937 the original Longbridge factory had grown to 220 acres, and the staff had increased to over 16,000, while the number of cars produced had grown to 78,000 per year.Herbert Austin was a philanthropist who endowed many hospitals and not a few universities; he was created a Baron in 1936.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsBaron 1936.Further Reading1941, Austin Magazine (June).IMcNBiographical history of technology > Austin, Herbert, Baron Austin
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56 Leistungssteigerung
Leistungssteigerung f GEN increase in performance, increase in efficiency, increased efficiency* * *Leistungssteigerung
increased performance (efficiency), greater productivity;
• Leistungsstreben incentive;
• Leistungssystem efficiency bonus plan;
• Leistungstabelle performance table;
• Leistungstest performance test, (Intelligenz) achievement test;
• Leistungsträger (Sozialversicherung) social insurance institution;
• Leistungsüberprüfung performance review, (verstaatlichte Industriezweige) efficiency audit (Br.);
• Leistungsüberschuss surplus on goods and services;
• Leistungsübersicht performance chart (table);
• Leistungsunterschied difference in performance;
• regionaler Leistungsunterschied regional differential;
• Leistungsurteil personal judgment, performance (efficiency, merit, US) rating;
• Leistungsurteil klageweise fordern to sue for a decree of specific performance;
• bestes Leistungsverhältnis zwischen Qualität und Preis best ratio between quality and price;
• Leistungsverlust loss of efficiency;
• Leistungsvermögen proficiency, capacity, (Produktivität) productive capacity, productivity;
• gesamtes Leistungsvermögen (Produktion) total capacity;
• wirtschaftliches Leistungsvermögen economic performance, industrial efficiency;
• Leistungsverpflichtung obligation;
• Leistungsverrechnung accounting for services;
• Leistungsversprechen single (contract) obligation, (Bietungsgarantie) performance (bid) bond (US), performance guarantee (Br.);
• unentgeltliches Leistungsversprechen gratuitous consideration;
• Leistungsversuch duty trial;
• Leistungsverweigerung repudiation;
• Leistungsverweigerungsrecht right to withhold performance;
• Leistungsverzeichnis specifications, (Baukostenvoranschlag) bill of quantities;
• Leistungsverzug failure to meet obligations, delay in the execution of an order;
• Leistungsvoraussetzungen (staatliche Hilfe) qualifications for benefits;
• Leistungsvorgabe standards of performance;
• Leistungsvorsprung superior efficiency;
• Leistungswesen (Angestellter) rating (merit, US) system;
• Leistungswettbewerb efficiency contest;
• verschärftem Leistungswettbewerb ausgesetzt werden to face intensified competition on service levels;
• Leistungszahlen, Leistungsziffern output figures, rates of performance;
• Leistungsziele (Unternehmen) basic objectives;
• Leistungszulage merit salary increase (US), production (incentive) bonus, efficiency (merit) bonus (US), proficiency pay, merit raise (US);
• einmalige Leistungszulage merit bonus;
• übertarifliche Leistungszulage merit increase;
• Leistungszulagensystem für leitende Angestellte executive incentive plan;
• Leistungszusagen service commitments. -
57 Mehrjahresprogramm
Mehrjahresprogramm
multi-annual program(me) (MAP);
• ein Mehrjahresprogramm zur Beschäftigung auflegen to draw up a multi-annual program(me) for employment;
• Mehrkosten additional costs (expenses, charges), excess costs, overruns (US);
• ohne Mehrkosten without extra charge;
• Mehrleistung increased performance (efficiency), (Dienstleistungsverkehr) additional service, (Produktion) increased output (production), (Sozialversicherungsbeitrag) voluntary contribution;
• Mehrparteienkonferenzschaltung multi-party conference call;
• Mehrparteienregierung multiparty coalition;
• Mehrparteiensystem multiple party system;
• Mehrpersonenhaushalt multi-person household. -
58 Mehrleistung
Mehrleistung
increased performance (efficiency), (Dienstleistungsverkehr) additional service, (Produktion) increased output (production), (Sozialversicherungsbeitrag) voluntary contribution -
59 alzar
v.1 to lift, to raise.Ricardo alzó los muebles Richard raised the furniture.2 to raise (increase).3 to erect (to build).4 to stir up, to raise.5 to increase, to jack up.La tienda alzó los precios The store increased=jacked up the prices.6 to perk, to liven, to hearten.La tisana alzó a Ricardo The tisane perked Richard.7 to earn, to make.* * *1 (levantar) to raise, lift2 (construir) to build, erect3 (un plano) to draw up, make out4 (quitar) to remove, take off, take away5 (una cosecha) to get in, gather in6 (cortar la baraja) to cut7 RELIGIÓN to elevate8 (en impresión) to gather1 (levantarse) to rise up, get up2 (sublevarse) to rise, rebel3 (sobresalir) to stand out4 DERECHO to lodge an appeal\alzar el vuelo to take offalzar los ojos to look upalzar velas MARÍTIMO to hoist sailalzarse con algo to run off with something* * *verbto lift, raise- alzarse* * *1. VT1) (=levantar)a) [+ objeto, persona] to lift; [+ objeto muy pesado] to hoist; [+ copa] to raiselos manifestantes alzaron sus banderas — the demonstrators raised o lifted up their flags
b) [+ brazo, cabeza, cejas] to raisealzó la mano para pedir la palabra — he put up o raised his hand to ask permission to speak
no alzó la mirada del libro ni un momento — he didn't look up o avert his gaze más frm from the book for one moment
vuelo II, 1)alza un poco más la voz, que no te oigo — speak up a little, I can't hear you
2) (=erigir) [+ monumento] to raise; [+ edificio] to erect3) [+ mantel] to put away4) [+ prohibición] to lift5) [+ cosecha] to gather in, bring in6) (Rel) [+ cáliz, hostia] to elevate7) (Tip) to gather10) Méx [+ dinero] to save2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( levantar) to raiseel bebé quiere que lo alcen — (AmL) the baby wants to be picked up
2) <edificio/monumento> to erect3) (Méx) ( poner en orden) < juguetes> to pick up; <cuarto/casa> to clean (up)2.alzarse v pron1) ( sublevarse) to rise up2) (period) ( llevarse)alzarse con algo: se alzó con los fondos del club he ran off with the club funds; se alzó con el título he carried off the title; alzarse con la victoria — to triumph
3) (liter) edificio/montañala torre se alza por encima de los tejados — the tower soars o towers high above the rooftops
4) (CS fam) animal to come into o (BrE) on heat* * *----* alzarse = tower above/over.* alzarse empinadamente = shoot up.* máquina de alzar = gathering machine.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( levantar) to raiseel bebé quiere que lo alcen — (AmL) the baby wants to be picked up
2) <edificio/monumento> to erect3) (Méx) ( poner en orden) < juguetes> to pick up; <cuarto/casa> to clean (up)2.alzarse v pron1) ( sublevarse) to rise up2) (period) ( llevarse)alzarse con algo: se alzó con los fondos del club he ran off with the club funds; se alzó con el título he carried off the title; alzarse con la victoria — to triumph
3) (liter) edificio/montañala torre se alza por encima de los tejados — the tower soars o towers high above the rooftops
4) (CS fam) animal to come into o (BrE) on heat* * ** alzarse = tower above/over.* alzarse empinadamente = shoot up.* máquina de alzar = gathering machine.* * *alzar [A4 ]vtA ‹brazo/cabeza› to raise, lift; ‹voz› to raise; ‹telón/barrera› to raise; ‹velas› to hoist; ‹hostia› to elevate; ‹precios› to raise, put upalzó al niño para que viera el desfile she lifted the little boy up so he could see the paradetodos alzaron sus pancartas they all held up their placardssaludaron con el puño alzado they gave the clenched fist salutealzó los ojos al cielo she raised her eyes heavenward(s) o to heavenalza la voz, que no te oigo speak a little louder o speak up, I can't hear youfue alzado al poder por los militares he was put in power by the militaryalzó la mirada y lo vio she looked up and saw himel bebé llora, quiere que lo alcen ( AmL); the baby's crying, he wants to be picked upB ‹edificio/monumento› to erectC ( Méx) (poner en orden) ‹juguetes› to pick up, tidy up ( BrE), tidy away ( BrE); ‹cuarto/casa› to straighten (up), tidy up ( BrE)tengo que alzar los trastes I have to clear away the dishesD■ alzarseA (sublevarse) to rise uplos campesinos se alzaron contra los terratenientes the peasants rose up against the landownersalzarse en armas to take up arms, to rise up in armsB ( period) (llevarse) alzarse CON algo:se alzó con los fondos del club he ran off with the club fundsse alzó con el título he carried off o won the titleel equipo local se alzó con la victoria the home team triumphed o won o was victoriousC ( liter)(erguirse): el Aconcagua se alza majestuoso entre los demás picos Aconcagua rises majestically from the surrounding peaksel rascacielos se alza muy por encima de los otros edificios the skyscraper soars o towers high above the other buildingsDE (CS) «animal» to come into o ( BrE) on heat* * *
alzar ( conjugate alzar) verbo transitivo
1 ( levantar)
alzó la mirada she looked up
2 ‹edificio/monumento› to erect
3 (Méx) ( poner en orden) ‹ juguetes› to pick up;
‹cuarto/casa› to clean (up)
alzarse verbo pronominal ( sublevarse) to rise up;
alzar verbo transitivo to raise, lift: el cormorán alzó el vuelo repentinamente, the cormorant took off suddenly
' alzar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
torno
- vista
- vuelo
English:
lift up
- look up
- hoist
- raise
- throw
* * *♦ vt1. [levantar] to lift, to raise;[voz] to raise; [vela] to hoist; [cuello de abrigo] to turn up; [mangas] to pull up; Am [bebé] to pick up;alzó la cabeza al oír el ruido she looked up when she heard the noise;alzar la voz a alguien to raise one's voice to sb;¡a mí no me alzas la voz! don't you talk to me like that!;alzar el vuelo [despegar] [pájaro] to fly off;[avión] to take off;alzar un embargo to lift an embargo2. [aumentar] to raise;alzaron la producción de coches they increased o stepped up car production3. [construir] to erect;han alzado un templete en el medio de la plaza they've erected a shrine in the middle of the square4. [sublevar] to stir up, to raise;alzaron a los campesinos contra los terratenientes they encouraged the peasants to revolt against the landowners5. [recoger] to pick (up);alzar la ropa de invierno to put away one's winter clothes;alzar los frutos to gather fruit;alzar la mesa to clear the table6. Rel to elevate7. Imprenta to collatealzaron lo suficiente para unos tacos they scraped together enough money to buy some tacos♦ viRel to elevate* * *alzar velas hoist the sails;alzar la vista raise one’s eyes, look up;alzar el vuelo take off* * *alzar {21} vt1) elevar, levantar: to lift, to raise2) : to erect* * *alzar vb1. (persona, cosa) to lift up2. (voz, mano) to raise -
60 ascender
v.1 to go up, to climb.María ascendió por las escaleras Mary went up using the stairs.2 to rise, to go up.3 to be promoted.4 to promote, to ascend, to push up, to raise.La empresa ascendió a Silvia The company promoted Silvia.5 to increase, to increment.Pedro ascendió la temperatura Peter increased the temperature.Me ascendió la fiebre My fever increased.6 to be promoted to.Pedro ascendió a supervisor Peter was promoted to supervisor.* * *1 to promote1 (subir) to climb2 (de categoría) to be promoted (a, to)3 (sumar) to amount (a, to)* * *verb1) to ascend, rise2) promote3) be promoted4) amount, reach, total* * *1. VI1) (=subir) [persona] [en montaña] to climb up; [en el aire] to rise, ascend frmascendieron hasta 3.500 metros — they climbed to 3,500 metres
ascendieron por el otro lado del monte — they made their ascent on the other side of the mountain, they climbed up the other side of the mountain
el globo ascendió por los aires — the balloon rose o ascended frm into the air
ascendía por las escaleras — liter she ascended liter o climbed the steps
2) [temperatura, presión] to go up, rise3)ascender a —
a) [empleado, equipo, militar] to be promoted toascendió al cargo de presidente de la compañía — he was promoted to company president, he rose to the position of company president
el Málaga ha ascendido a primera división — Málaga have gone up to the first division, Málaga have been promoted to the first division
b) [cantidad] to amount to, come tolos beneficios ascendieron a miles de libras — the profits amounted o came to thousands of pounds
el número de heridos asciende ya a 20 — the number of wounded has now risen to o has now reached 20
¿a cuánto ascendió la factura? — how much did the bill come to?
2.VT [+ empleado, militar] to promotelo ascendieron a teniente — he rose o was promoted to the rank of lieutenant
* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) (frml) (subir, elevarse) temperatura/precios to rise; globo to rise, ascend (frml)2) (frml) ( cifrarse) gastos/pérdidas3) empleado/oficial to be promoted2.ascender a primera división — to go up to o be promoted to the first division
ascender vt <empleado/oficial> to promote* * *= promote, rise, climb, climb + the ladder, get + promoted, ascend.Ex. He was a descriptive cataloger at Princeton and was promoted to Acting Head Cataloger, and subsequently Head Cataloger at Princeton, the position he left before assuming his present duties at LC.Ex. If suppliers are forced out of business, there will be less software to lend and prices will rise with the lack of competition.Ex. Stanton felt a bit like someone who, after boasting that she could dive into water from a great height has climbed to the height and dares not jump, but knows that she must jump.Ex. This article describes the impact of the organizational factors which create the 'glass ceiling', inhibiting women's ability to climb the corporate ladder.Ex. But commercial businesses do this all the time: somebody sticks a neck out, and gets promoted or loses neck depending on results.Ex. As she ascended the staircase to the library director's office, she tried to fathom the reason for the imperious summons.----* ascender a = amount to + Cantidad.* ascender al trono = ascend (to) + the throne.* ascender a un cargo = rise to + position.* ascender a un puesto = rise to + position.* ascender de categoría = advance up + the scale, move up + the scale.* ascender en el trabajo = step up + the career ladder.* ascender en la propia empresa poco a poco = work + Posesivo + way up.* ascender repentinamente = shoot up.* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) (frml) (subir, elevarse) temperatura/precios to rise; globo to rise, ascend (frml)2) (frml) ( cifrarse) gastos/pérdidas3) empleado/oficial to be promoted2.ascender a primera división — to go up to o be promoted to the first division
ascender vt <empleado/oficial> to promote* * *= promote, rise, climb, climb + the ladder, get + promoted, ascend.Ex: He was a descriptive cataloger at Princeton and was promoted to Acting Head Cataloger, and subsequently Head Cataloger at Princeton, the position he left before assuming his present duties at LC.
Ex: If suppliers are forced out of business, there will be less software to lend and prices will rise with the lack of competition.Ex: Stanton felt a bit like someone who, after boasting that she could dive into water from a great height has climbed to the height and dares not jump, but knows that she must jump.Ex: This article describes the impact of the organizational factors which create the 'glass ceiling', inhibiting women's ability to climb the corporate ladder.Ex: But commercial businesses do this all the time: somebody sticks a neck out, and gets promoted or loses neck depending on results.Ex: As she ascended the staircase to the library director's office, she tried to fathom the reason for the imperious summons.* ascender a = amount to + Cantidad.* ascender al trono = ascend (to) + the throne.* ascender a un cargo = rise to + position.* ascender a un puesto = rise to + position.* ascender de categoría = advance up + the scale, move up + the scale.* ascender en el trabajo = step up + the career ladder.* ascender en la propia empresa poco a poco = work + Posesivo + way up.* ascender repentinamente = shoot up.* * *ascender [E8 ]viascendieron por la ladera oeste de la montaña they made their ascent by o they climbed the west face of the mountainascendió a los cielos ( Bib) He ascended into HeavenB ( frml) (cifrarse) «gastos/pérdidas»: ascender A algo; to amount TO sthsus deudas ascienden a un millón de dólares his debts amount to o run to o come to o add up to o total a million dollarsel número de detenidos asciende a más de 300 there have been more than 300 arrestsel número de muertos asciende ya a 48 the number of dead has now reached 48C «empleado/oficial» to be promotedha ascendido rápidamente en su carrera he has risen o advanced rapidly in his careerascender A algo:después de cuatro años ascendió a director general after four years he was promoted to o he rose to the position of general managerascendió a capitán he was promoted to the rank of captainel equipo ha ascendido a primera división the team has gone up to o has been promoted to the first divisionascender al trono to ascend the throne■ ascendervt‹empleado/oficial› to promotefue ascendido a capitán de fragata he was promoted to (the rank of) commander* * *
ascender ( conjugate ascender) verbo intransitivo
1 (frml) [temperatura/precios] to rise;
[ globo] to rise, ascend (frml);
[escalador/alpinista] to climb, to ascend (fml)
2 (frml) [gastos/pérdidas] ascender a algo to amount to sth
3 [empleado/oficial] to be promoted;
ascender al trono to ascend the throne
verbo transitivo ‹empleado/oficial› to promote
ascender
I vtr (en un puesto de trabajo) to promote
II verbo intransitivo
1 (subir) move upward
(temperatura) to rise: las pérdidas ascendieron a dos millones, the losses added up to two million
2 (al trono, a una montaña) to ascend
3 (de categoría) to be promoted
' ascender' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
proponerse
- segundón
- segundona
- subir
- subirse
- elevar
English:
add up to
- amount to
- ascend
- come to
- elevate
- graduate
- promote
- rise
- run into
- total
- upgrade
- add
- amount
- come
- debar
* * *♦ vi1. [subir] to climb, to go up;el avión ascendió rápidamente the plane climbed rapidly;ascendieron a la cima they climbed to the summit;la carretera asciende hasta el lago the road goes up to the lake;la carretera asciende hasta los 3.000 m the road climbs to 3,000 m2. [aumentar, elevarse] [precios, temperaturas] to rise, to go up3. [en empleo, deportes] to be promoted (a to);ascendió a jefe de producción he was promoted to production manager;el equipo ascendió a segunda división the team was promoted o went up to the second division;ascender al trono to ascend the throne;ascender al poder to come to power4.ascender a [totalizar] to come to;¿a cuánto asciende el total? what does the total come to?;la facturación ascendió a 5.000 millones turnover came to o totalled five billion;el número de desaparecidos asciende ya a 37 the number of missing has now reached 37♦ vtascender a alguien (a) to promote sb (to);fue ascendida al puesto de subdirectora she was promoted to the position of deputy director;lo ascendieron a coronel he was promoted to the rank of colonel* * *II v/i2 de montañero climb* * *ascender {56} vt1) : to ascend, to rise up2) : to be promotedascendió a gerente: she was promoted to manager3)ascender a : to amount to, to reachlas deudas ascienden a 20 millones de pesos: the debt amounts to 20 million pesosascender vt: to promote* * *ascender vb1. (en el trabajo) to promote / to be promoted3. (subir) to climb
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