immunitas

immūnĭtas ( inm-), ātis ( gen. plur. immunitatium, Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35), f. [immunis], freedom or exemption from public services, burdens, or charges, immunity (class.).

Lit.: (Druides) militiae vacationem omniumque rerum habent immunitatem, * Caes. B. G. 6, 14, 1:

immunitas et libertas provinciae,

Cic. Font. 8, 17:

immunitatem (a tributis) obtulit,

Suet. Aug. 40; Tac. A. 12, 61; 13, 51; Curt. 5, 3, 15: personae quibus decimae immunitatem ipse (imperator) tribuit, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 16, 9, 3 et saep.—In plur., Cic. Fam. 12, 1, [p. 896] 1; id. Phil. 1, 1, 3; Suet. Tib. 49; id. Galb. 15; Tac. H. 3, 55.—

Trop., freedom, exemption, or immunity from any thing (cf.:

vacatio, vacuitas): qui det isti deo immunitatem magni muneris,

Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 121:

immunitates malorum,

Lampr. Commod. 14.

immūnĭtas ( inm-), ātis ( gen. plur. immunitatium, Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35), f. [immunis], freedom or exemption from public services, burdens, or charges, immunity (class.).

Lit.: (Druides) militiae vacationem omniumque rerum habent immunitatem, * Caes. B. G. 6, 14, 1:

immunitas et libertas provinciae,

Cic. Font. 8, 17:

immunitatem (a tributis) obtulit,

Suet. Aug. 40; Tac. A. 12, 61; 13, 51; Curt. 5, 3, 15: personae quibus decimae immunitatem ipse (imperator) tribuit, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 16, 9, 3 et saep.—In plur., Cic. Fam. 12, 1, [p. 896] 1; id. Phil. 1, 1, 3; Suet. Tib. 49; id. Galb. 15; Tac. H. 3, 55.—

Trop., freedom, exemption, or immunity from any thing (cf.:

vacatio, vacuitas): qui det isti deo immunitatem magni muneris,

Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 121:

immunitates malorum,

Lampr. Commod. 14.

см. также адаптация; адаптивный иммунитет

ōtĭum, ĭi, n.

In gen., leisure, vacant time, freedom from business (class.; opp. negotium; cf.: immunitas, vacatio): otio qui nescit uti plus negoti habet, Quam, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 252 Vahl.): fecero;

quamquam haut otium est,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 36:

tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 23: clarorum virorum atque magnorum non minus otii quam negotii rationem exstare oportere, Cato ap. Cic. Planc. 27, 66:

in otio de negotiis cogitare,

Cic. Off. 3, 1, 1:

otium inertissimum et desidiosissimum,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—

In partic.

Ease, inactivity, idle life (cf.:

ignavia, desidia, inertia): vitam in otio agere,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 9:

hebescere et languescere in otio,

Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 4:

propter desidiam in otio vivere,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 103:

otio tabescere,

id. Att. 2, 14, 1:

languere otio,

id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:

otium segne trahere,

Tac. H. 4, 70:

magna otia caeli,

Juv. 6, 394:

otium sine litteris mors est,

Sen. Ep. 82, 2:

ducere otia segnia,

Ov. P. 1, 5, 44:

exercere otia molli cura,

Sil. 15, 707. —

Leisure, time for any thing;

esp. for literary occupation: otium moderatum atque honestum,

Cic. Brut. 2, 8: ad scribendum, id. Or. 1, 1, 3:

otium consumere in historiā scribendā,

id. de Or. 2, 13, 57:

otium litteratum,

id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105:

Tusculani requies atque otium,

id. de Or. 1, 52, 224:

studiosum,

Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 11:

abundare otio et studio,

Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 22:

otium rei si sit,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 165:

otium habere ad potandum,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 5, 3:

auscultandi,

time to hear, id. Ad. 3, 65:

horum libros delectationi causa, cum est otium, legere soleo,

when I have time, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 59:

si modo tibi est otium,

if you have time, id. Part. Or. 1, 1:

otium studio suppeditare,

to devote time to study, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1:

cum in otium venerimus,

Cic. Att. 1, 7:

me alebat Parthenope studiis florentem ignobilis oti,

i. e. unwarlike, peaceful leisure, Verg. G. 4, 564.—

The fruit of leisure:

otia nostra,

i. e. my poems, Ov. Tr. 2, 224.—

Rest, repose, quiet, peace (opp. bellum), Ter. Ad. prol. 20:

pax, tranquillitas, otium,

Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 102:

mollia peragebant otia,

enjoyed calm repose, Ov. M. 1, 100:

multitudo insolens belli diuturnitate otii,

Caes. B. C. 2, 36:

res ad otium deducere,

id. ib. 1, 5:

valde me ad otium pacemque converto,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 5:

ex maximo bello tantum otium toti insulae conciliavit,

Nep. Tim. 3, 2:

studia per otium concelebrata,

in times of peace, Cic. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

ab hoste otium fuit,

Liv. 3, 32:

ab seditionibus urbanis,

id. 3, 35:

otium bello (rogare),

Hor. C. 2, 16, 5; 4, 15, 18:

quies aëris et otium et tranquillitas,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 8:

operis otium,

Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 25.—

Adverb.

Abl. otio, at leisure, leisurely:

quam libet lambe otio,

Phaedr. 1, 24, 6.—

Per otium, at leisure:

spolia legere,

Liv. 27, 2.

prīvĭlēgĭum, ii, n. [privus-lex], a bill or law in favor of or against an individual (class.): in privatos homines leges ferri noluerunt;

id est enim privilegium,

Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44; cf. id. Sest. 30, 65; id. Dom. 17, 43:

de te privilegium tulit,

id. Par. 4, 32; id. Brut. 23, 89:

licuit tibi ferre non legem, sed nefarium privilegium,

id. Dom. 10, 26:

privilegia irrogare,

id. ib. 10, 42:

vim et crudelitatem privilegii publicis litteris consignavit,

id. Red. in Sen. 11, 29.—

In the post-Aug. period, an ordinance in favor of an individual, privilege, prerogative (cf.:

beneficium, jus praecipuum, immunitas): coloniam habuisse privilegium, et vetustissimum morem, arbitrio suo rempublicam administrare,

Plin. Ep. 10, 47 (56), 1; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 109 (110): quaedam privilegia parentibus data sunt, Sen. Ben. 3, 11, 1:

privilegio munitus,

Dig. 38, 17, 2:

privilegium aetatis,

Just. 2, 10, 2; Ambros. in Psa. 118, Serm. 13, 15:

sacerdotum,

Suet. Aug. 93:

athletarum,

id. ib. 45.

văcātĭo, ōnis, f. [vaco], a being free from a duty, service, etc.; freedom, exemption, immunity; a freeing, exempting, dispensation (class.; syn. immunitas).

Lit.

In gen.

With gen. obj.:

vacatio omnium munerum,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 53:

publici muneris,

id. Fam. 9, 6, 5:

sumptus, laboris, militiae, rerum denique omnium,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23:

militiae,

Caes. B. G. 6, 14; Cic. Phil. 5, 19, 53; Just. 1, 9, 12:

quinquennii militiae vacatio,

Liv. 23, 20, 2; 42, 33, 4:

rerum omnium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22, § 58:

malorum,

Sen. Ep. 85, 5.—

With ab:

a causis vacatio,

Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 11:

ab belli administratione,

Liv. 23, 32, 15:

ab opere,

Col. 6, 14, 3:

a sacerdotio,

Gell. 1, 12, 7.—

With quominus:

vacationem augures, quominus judiciis operam darent, non habere,

Cic. Brut. 31, 117.—

Absol.:

falsum est, ob vacationem pretium datum,

Cic. Font. 4, 7:

cum sacerdotes deorum vacationem habeant, quanto est aequius habere ipsos deos,

id. Ac. 2, 38, 121:

deprecari vacationem adulescentiae,

id. Cael. 12, 30:

rerum gestarum,

id. Sull. 9, 26:

aetatis,

Nep. Att. 7, 1.—

In partic.

(Sc. militiae.) Exemption from military service:

P. Vatinius... et agro a senatu et vacatione donatus est,

Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

delectum habere sublatis vacationibus,

id. Phil. 5, 12, 31:

senatus decrevit, ut... dilectus haberetur, vacationes ne valerent,

id. Att. 1, 19, 2:

scribere exercitum sine ullā vacationis veniā,

Liv. 8, 20, 3; 7, 28, 3; 27, 38, 3:

locupletissimus quisque miles labore fatigari, donec vacationem emeret,

Tac. H. 1, 46.—

(Sc. culpae.) Neque ei suam vacationem eripio, quā ille apud omnis utitur, ut nihil malitiose fecisse videntur, freedom from blame, Cic. Verr. 2, 7, 68, § 164 B. and K. (dub.; al. purgationem; al. culpae vacationem).—

Transf., a sum paid for exemption from military service:

vacationes annuas exsolvere,

Tac. H. 1, 46:

vacationes centurionibus ex fisco numerat,

id. ib. 1, 58.