-
1 HVEL
n. wheel; á hverfanda hveli, on it whirling wheel.* * *n., later form hjól, q. v.; the vowel was prob. long, qs. hvél, as in the Engl.; for in þd. 6 hvél and hál form a half rhyme; a weak neut. hvela occurs, Rb. 1812. 92, MS. 415. 8: [A. S. hweowol; Engl. wheel; cp. Gr. κύκλος]:— a wheel; á hverfanda hveli, on a turning wheel, Hm. 83, Grett. 119 A, Fms. i. 104, Sks. 338: of the moon, Alm. 15; á því hveli er snýsk und reið Rögnis, Sdm. 15; mörg hvel ok stór, Bret. 90; hálfu hvela sólarinnar, Rb. 112; með fjórum hvelum, Sks. 421; hann hjó hvel undan skipi sínu, Krók. 59; þar sem hón velti hveli sínu, Al. 23; brjóta í hveli, to break on the wheel, Hom. 147: an orb, geislanda hvel, a beaming orb, the sun, Sks. 94; fagra-hvel, fair wheel, poët. the sun, Alm.; himins hvel, heaven’s orb, the sun, Bragi; hvela sólarinnar, the sun’s disk, MS. 415. 8; hvel á tungli, Rb. 452: a circle, vofit ( woven) með hvelum ok hringum, Str. 17.COMPDS: hvelgörr, hvelvagn, hvelvala. -
2 hvel-görr
part. circular, Str. 80. -
3 hvel-vagn
m. a wheel wain, Akv. 28. -
4 hvel-vala
u, f., poët. a pebble, Þd. 6. -
5 hleypi-hvel
n. a ‘roll-wheel,’ war engine, Sks. 420. -
6 vagna-hvel
(- hjól), n. a wagon-wheel, Al. 140, Stj. -
7 HJÓL
* * *n. wheel (vagnar á hjólum); brjóta á hjóli, to break (a person) on the wheel.* * *n., a contr. form from hvel, q. v.; hjól rhymes with stól, Hkr. iii. 238 in a verse at the beginning of the 12th century; [Swed. and Dan. hjul]:—a wheel, Sks. 412; vagnar á hjólum, Fms. vi. 145, Stj. 71, 288; vagna-hjól, 287; brjóta í hjóli, to break on the wheel, Fms. xi. 372, Skálda 204 (in a verse); á hverfanda hjóli, on a rolling wheel, Grett. 97 new Ed. (Hm. 83, hvel); leika á hjólum, to turn upon wheels, metaph. of a shifting or sanguine character, hann leikr allr á hjólum: so in the saying, valt er hamingu-hjólið. -
8 HVERFA
* * *I)(hverf; hvarf, hurfum; horfinn), v.1) to have a circular or rotatory motion, turn round (himinn hverfr);with acc. of the place, himin hverfa þau skulu hverjan dag, they shall wheel round the heaven every day, of the sun and moon;2) to be lost to sight (hverfa at sýn); to disappear, vanish (hverfa af himni heiðar stjörnur);e-m hverfr e-t, one loses a thing (Mávi hurfu sauðir nökkurir);síðan hvarf hann þeim, he vanished out of their sight;3) with preps. and advs.:hverfa af at gera e-t, to leave off doing a thing;hverfa aptr, to turn back, return;aptr hverfr lygi, þá er sönnu mœtir, a lie recoils before the truth;hverfa at e-m, to throng around one (þá hurfu þegar at honum allir ok fögnuðu honum);hverfa at e-u, to turn to, to adopt (hverfa at e-u ráði);hverfa brott, to disappear;hverfa eptir e-m, to follow one;hverfa frá e-u, to turn away from;gørðu-t far festa, áðr þeir frá hyrfi, they did not moor the boat before they turned away; to leave off (nú skal þar til taka, sem fyrr var frá horfit);hverfa í sundr, to part;hverfa til e-s, to turn (go) to one, or to a place (hlæjandi Guðrún hvarf til skemmu); esp. to go to one and take leave (Gunnar hverfr til allra manna, er hann er búinn); to fall to one’s lot, accrue to one (þótti stór heill til hans horfit hafa);hverfa um e-t, to encircle, surround (hverfa um hodd goða);hverfa undan e-m, to be withdrawn from, lost to one (hvarf ríki í Noregi undan Dana konungum);4) horfinn, pp.(-ða, -ðr), v.1) to turn a thing (in a certain direction);hverfa e-m hugi (acc. pl.), to change a person’s mind;2) hverfa e-u um e-t, to enclose with a thing;vera hverfðr útan um e-t, to encircle a thing.* * *pret. hvarf, pl. hurfu; subj. hyrfi; part, horfinn; in mod. pronunciation inserting the v throughout, hvurfu, hvyrfi, hvorfinn; akin to horfa, q. v.: [Ulf. hwairban = περιπατειν; A. S. hweorfan; O. H. G. hwerban; Germ. werben]:— to turn round; hverfanda hvel, Hm. 73 (see hvel); nú mátt þú engi veg þess hverfa ( thou canst turn to no side) at Guðs miskunn sé ekki fyrir þér, Hom. 156; h. í móðurátt, föðurátt, to devolve upon, of right or duty, Grág. i. 177, 237; hafa horfit í Guðdóm, 625. 59; hverfa af lífi, to depart from life, die, Stor. 10: with acc. of place, himin hverfa þau skulu hverjan dag, they shall pass round the heaven every day, of the sun and moon, Vþm. 23.2. with prep.; h. aptr, to turn back, return, Fms. vii. 298, x. 231, Stj. 606, Hom. 98; to recoil, aptr hverfr lygi þá er sönnu mætir, a lie recoils before the truth, Bs. i. 639; h. aptr til sin, to recover one’s senses, Mar.; hurfu at því ráði allir þrændir, all the Th. turned that way, took that part, Fms. i. 18, vii. 206; þá hurfu menn þegar at honum, thronged around him, xi. 193: h. af, to leave off; þá hvarf af Pálnatóka þyngd öll, i. e. P. recovered, Fms. xi. 69; þegar er þú vilt af h. at unna Ólafi, Hkr. ii. 322. h. frá e-u, to turn from, cut short, leave off; þar var fyrr frá horfit Konunga-tali, Fms. i. 139; nú verðr þess at geta er ver hurfum frá, Rd. 171 (of episodes in a story); taka þar til er hinn hvarf frá, Grág. i. 139; áðr frá hyrfi, áðr sundr hyrfi, before they parted, Am. 34, 35: h. eptir, to follow; frændr hans ok vinir þeir er eptir honum hurfu, Fms. iv. 287; eptir honum hurfu margir menn, Ver. 47: h. með e-m, to turn with one, follow, Grág. i. 8, 9; þá hurfu saman fjórir tigir, gathered together, 655 xvi. B. 4: h. til e-s, to turn towards a place, Hým. 17, Gh. 7; to turn to one and take leave, Fms. vii. 224, Am. 44: h. undan, to be withdrawn, lost; hvarf ríki í Noregi undan Dana-konungum, Fms. xi. 183; þat ríki er undan var horfit, 42: h. um, to encircle, surround, (um-hverfis = all around); innan garðs þess er hverfr um akr eða eng, Gþl. 136; þær hverfa um hodd goða, Gm. 27.II. metaph. to turn out of sight, disappear, be lost, stolen, or the like; maðrinn hvarf þar, there the man was lost from sight, Nj. 95, 275; stjörnur hverfa af himni, Vsp. 57: to disappear, skip hvarf, Landn. 305; ef skip hverfr, Grág. 1. 215; hverfi féit or hirzlu hans, 401; motrinn var horfinn ( stolen), Ld. 206; Steinólfi hurfu (St. lost) svín þrjú, Landn. 126; Ingimundi hurfu svín tíu, 177; see hvarf.III. part. horfinn: 1. surrounded; björn horfinn i híði, much the same as híðbjörn (see híð), Gþl. 444; horfinn foldar beinum, Ýt. 19; bærinn var h. mönnum, surrounded by men, Sturl. ii. 144, Orkn. 112.β. vera vel vinum horfinn, to be well backed by friends, Nj. 268; vel um horfit ( in good condition), þar stóð naust ok var vel um horfit, Háv. 48; whence the mod. phrase, vel um-horfs, in a good state.2. abandoned, forsaken; heillum horfinn, forsaken by luck (horfin-heilla), Fs. 48; héraði horfinn, bereft of a dwelling in the district, Sturl. iii. 255; sok horfinn, having lost the suit, Nj. 234; mun bann eigi horfinn heimsóknum við mik, he has not left off attacking me, Sturl. iii. 228; eigi ertú enn horfinn í fyrirsátunum við mik, Þórð. 41 new Ed.; þögn horfinn, bereft of silence, i. e. noisy, Gs. 3. -
9 kúfóttr
-
10 öxull
* * *m. axle (himinn sýnist um þær veltast sem hvel um öxul).* * *m. an axle, Lat. axis; veltask sem hvel um öxul, Pr. 476; en öxull skal millim vera, Sks. 89 new Ed. öxul-tré, n. an axle-tree, Sks. 423. -
11 BREKKA
* * *f. slope; leiða þræl í brekku (viz. þingbrekku), to proclaim a bondsman free.* * *u, f. [Swed. and Engl. brink], a slope, Orkn. 244, Eg. 766, Gísl. 33, Glúm. 395; b. brún, the edge of a slope, Sturl. ii. 75; hvel, Sks. 64, freq. in local names in Icel.: as a law term, the hill where public meetings were held and laws promulgated, etc., hence the phrase, leiða í brekku, to proclaim a bondsman free; ef þræli er gefit frelsi, ok er hann eigi leiddr í lög eðr b., Grág. i. 358.COMPDS: brekkubrún, brekkumegin. -
12 FAGR
(fögr, fagrt; comp. fegri), a. fair, fine, beautiful; f. sýnum, álitum, fair to see; fagrt veðr, fair (fine) weather; f. söngr, beautiful (sweet) song; fagrt kvæði, a fine poem; talaði fagrt, en hugði flátt, spoke fair, but thought else.* * *adj., fem. fögr, neut. fagrt; compar. fagrari or better fegri, superl. fagrastr or better fegrstr; mod. fegurri, fegurstr; [Ulf. fagrs = ευθετος; A. S. fœger; Engl. fair; O. H. G. fagar; Dan. favre, in Dan. ballads favre mö = fair maid; Swed. fager]:—- fair; used very freq. and almost as in Engl., except that the Icel. does not use it in a moral sense, like Engl. fair, unfair:1. of persons, the body, etc.; fögr mær, a fair maid, Nj. 2, Vkv. 2; fagr sýnum, fair to see, Fms. i. 116; f. álitum, id., Edda 5, Skv. 1. 27; fögr hönd, a fair hand (hand-fögr), Fms. ix. 283; fógr augu, fair eyes (fagr-eygr); fagrt hár, fair hair, Ísl. ii; fagrar brúðir, fair brides, Sdm. 28; mær undarliga fögr, a wonderfully fair maid, Hkr. i. 40; fegra mann ( a fairer man) eðr tígurlegra, Fms. vi. 438.2. of places; fögr er Hlíðin svá at mér hefir hón aldri jafnfögr sýnzk, Nj. 112; fagra túna (gen.), a fair abode (‘toun’), þkv. 3; salr sólu fegri, Vsp. 63; fagrar lendur, fair fields, Ld. 96: freq. in local names, Fagra-brekka, Fagr-ey, Fagri-dalr, Fagra-nes, Fagri-skógr, etc., = Fair-brink, -isle, -dale, -ness, -wood, etc., Landn.3. of light, wind, weather, etc.; fagrt ljós, a bright light, Hom. 111, Fms. i. 230; skína fagrt, to shine brightly (of the sun); fagr byrr, a fair wind, Fms. ii. 182, Orkn. 356; fagrt veðr, fair weather, Ó. H. 216.4. as an epithet of tears; in the phrase, gráta fögrum tárum, cp. Homer’s θαλερον δάκρυ; hence grát-fagr, beautiful in tears, Edda 63.5. of the voice; fögr rödd, a sweet voice; fagr söngr, a sweet song, Bs. i. 168; fögr orð, a fine speech, Mork.6. of other things; fagrt skip, a fine ship, Eg. 173; fagr borði, Nj. 24; fagrt kvæði, a fine poem, Ísl. ii. 237.II. metaph., fagrt líf, a fair, goodly life, Mork. 72; lifa fagrt, to live a happy life, Hm. 53; fagrir siðir, fine manners, Sks. 279.β. as an epithet of victory; fagr sigr, með fögrum sigri (freq.)γ. mæla (tala) fagrt, to speak fair, Hm. 91, Ísl. ii. 339; talaði fagrt, en hugði flátt, spoke fair, but thought false, Fms. ii. 91; heita fögru, to promise fair, Hm. 131, Eg. (in a verse); lota öllu fögrv, cp. the Dan. ‘love guld og grönne skove’; biðja fagrt, to bid fair (with false intention), Am. 37.B. In COMPDS, with nouns, adjectives, fair, fine, gracious:I. prefixed, e. g. munn-fagr, fine-mouthed; augna-fagr, fair eyed; hand-fagr, fair-handed; gang-fagr, with a fair, gracious gait; lit-fagr, of fair hue; hár-fagr, fair-haired, etc.II. suffixed, e. g. fagra-hvel, n. the fair wheel or disk, the sun (poët.), Alm. 17. fagra-ræfr, n. the fair roof, the sky (poët.), Alm. 13. fagr-bláinn, m. fair blue, a shield (poët.), Lex. Poët. fagr-blár, adj. light-blue. fagr-blóm, n., botan. trientalis, Hjalt. fagr-búinn, part. ‘fair-boun’, bright-dressed, chiefly as an epithet of a lady, Eg. 77, Hkr. iii. 290, Hom. 120, Am. 29: of a ship, Hkv. 1. 31. fagr-bygg, n. the fair ‘bigg’, gold (poët.), Lex. Poët., cp. Edda 83. fagr-dæll, adj. a man from Fairdale, Sturl. iii. 181, Landn. fagr-eygr (- eygðr), adj. fair-eyed, Bs. i. 127, 178, Hkr. ii. 2, Fms. xi. 205. fagr-ferðugr, adj. graceful, virtuous, Stj. 136, v. l. fagr-flekkóttr, adj. fair-flecked (of a snake), Stj. 97. fagr-gali, a, m. a fair, enticing song, enchantment, flattery. fagr-gim, n. the fair gem, the sun (poët.), Lv. 2. fagr-glóa, adj. fair-glowing, bright (poët.), Alm. 5 (the Sun as bride). fagr-grænn, adj. light-green, Fms. xi. 335, Hkr. i. 71 (of a field or tree). fagr-gulr, adj. light-yellow. fagr-hárr (- hærðr), adj. fair-haired, Nj. 16, Fms. xi. 205. fagr-hljóðr (-hljóðandi, - hljóðaðr), adj. sweet-voiced, Grett. 159, Fms. ii. 199. fagr-kinn, f. (fögrum-kinni, m., Fms. xi), fair-cheek, soubriquet of a lady, Sd. fagr-klæddr, part. fair-clad, Greg. 24, Dropl. 25. fagr-kolla, u, f., botan. hieracium, hawkweed, Hjalt. fagr-limi, a, m. ‘fair-branch’, a wood (poët.), Alm. 29. fagr-læti, n. blandishment, Barl. 119. fagr-máll, adj. fair-spoken, Fms. vi. 52. fagr-mæli, n. fair language, Barl. 24, 117, Nj. 167. Fms. i. 74. fagr-mæltr, part. bland, Fms. vi. 52, v. 1. fagr-orðr (- yrðr), adj. fair-spoken, bland, Sks. 370, 432, Sturl. ii. 133. fagr-raddaðr, part. sweet-voiced. fagr-rauðr, adj. light-red (opp. to dökk-rauðr or dumb-rauðr, dark-red), Þiðr. 181, Fas. i. 172, Vsp. 34. fagr-rendr, part. painted with fine stripes (of a shield), Hornklofi. fagr-skapaðr, part. fair-shapen, Sks. 627. fagr-skrifaðr, part. finely drawn, painted in bright colours, Greg. 26. fagr-skygðr, part. transparent as crystal (of a shield), Lex. Poët. fagr-strykvinn, part. painted with fair streaks (of a ship), Lex. Poët. fagr-varinn, part. wearing fine clothes (of a lady), Vkv. 37. fagr-vaxinn, part. of fair stature (of a lady), Band. (in a verse). fagr-yrði, n. pl. fair words, Fms. x. 104. -
13 HVÁLL
(-s, -ar), m. hill, hillock, knoll (dalr var í hválinum).* * *m., mod. hvoll, [akin to Gr. κύκλος; also akin to hvel, hválf, prop. denoting what is convex, cp. Germ. hägel]:—a hill; not much used, hóll (q. v.) being the common word; but it is still used of a ‘dome-shaped’ hill; and in local names of farms lying under such hills, as Hváll in Saurbær in the west, Berg-þórs-hváll and Stórólfs-hváll in the south, Beigaðar-hváll in the north, Landn.; Kálfs-hváll in the east, Dropl.; Orrostu-hváll, Eg.: Hváls-maðr, m. a man from H., Sturl.; þeir stefna upp á hválinn, Nj. 69; dalr var í hválinum ok riðu þeir þangat, 197; vér vildum á hválinn ok kómumk ekki, Dropl. 22; hvála eðr hálsa, Róm. 315. -
14 HVERN
* * *or hvörn, f. [proncd. kvörn or kvern, but distinction is to be made between kvern, mola, and hvern, cerebrum; for in the latter word h is the true initial, as is shewn by comparison with Ulf. hwairnei = κρανίον, Mark xv. 22; Scot. harns; Germ. hirn; Swed. hjerna; Dan. hjerne, which stand in the same relation to hvern as hjól to hvel]:— the two boat-formed white bones embedded in a fish’s brains. These bones, as well as shells, are in Icel. collected and used by children in the game of guessing, as nuts etc. are in England; hann lauk þá upp höfuðskeljum mannanna, og tók hnefa-fylli úr hverju höfði og hugði vandliga að; eintómar hvarnir, og ekki nema tvær í þorsk-kindinni, Fjölnir (1845) 52. hvarnar-skeljar, f. pl. = hvarnir. -
15 JÖRÐ
(gen. jarðar, dat. jörðu; pl. jarðir), f.2) the surface of the earth, ground (féll hann þá dauðr til jarðar);3) mould;4) land, estate.* * *f., gen. jarðar; dat. jörðu, mod. also jörð; pl. jarðir; in old writers dat. and acc. are carefully distinguished; in mod. prose and conversation the apocopated dative is mostly used, whereas the poets use either form, as is most convenient for the flow of the verse and the metre, as in the Passion hymns,α. the full form; og hindra gjörðu, | Guðs dýrðarljós svo lýsi mér á lifandi manna jörðu, 9. 9; merk að úr jörðu mátti ei neinn, 46. 10; hróp og háreysti gjörðu … | kringum krossinn á jörðu, 39. 7; nakinn Jesum á jörðu … | með heiptar sinni hörðu, 33. 4; Lausnarinn niðr á jörðu, 34. 1; blóðsveitinn þinn eg bið mér sé, | blessan og vernd á jörðunni, 3. 12; eins hér á jörðu upp frá því, 21. 10; þó leggist lík í jörðu … | hún mætir aldrei hörðu, Hallgr.β. the apocopated form; en Jesú hlýðni aptr hér, allri jörð blessan færir, Pass. 24. 6; heiðr, lof, dýrð á himni og jörð | hjártanleg ástar þakkar-gjörð, 3. 18; þó heiðarleg sé hér á jörð | holdi útvaldra líkför gjörð, 49. 14; ef hér á jörð er hróp og háð, 14. 16; hvað göra þeir sem hér á jörð | hafa að spotti Drottins orð, 10: [Goth. airþa; A. S. eorde; Hel. ertha; old Scot. yearthe; Engl. earth: O. H. G. erda; Germ. erde; Dutch aarde; Fris. irth; Swed.-Dan. jord.]A. The earth; jörð ok himin, Nj. 194; jörð ok upphimin, Vsp. 3; jörð iðja-græna, 58; íllt er á jörð of orðit, Glúm. (in a verse), Hm. 138, and prose passim; jarðar yfirbragð er böllótt, Rb. 460, 465; jarðar bugr, böllr, hringr, hvel, mynd, endi, bygð, the earth’s bight, ball, ring, wheel, shape, end, habitation, 440, 466, 472: for the mythol. genesis of the earth see Vsp. l. c., Vþm. 20, 21, Gm. 40: as a mythical goddess, the Earth was daughter of Ónar (Ónars-dóttir) and Nótt (the night), and sister of Day on the mother’s side, Edda 7: Thor was the Earth’s son, Jarðar-sonr, m., Haustl.II. the surface of the earth, earth; falla til jarðar, Nj. 64; koma til jarðar, to throw down, Fms. v. 348; falla frjáls á jörð, N. G. L. i. 32, Grág. ii. 192; á jörðu ok í jörðu, Finnb. 290; bíta gras af jörðunni, Fms. xi. 7; skeðja jörðu, K. Þ. K. 22; jörð eða stein, Sks. 88; erja jörð, to ‘ear’ the earth, plough, Rb. 100; flestir menn séru jarðir sínar, Fms. i. 92: jarðar aldin, ávöxtr, blómi, dupt, dust, dýr, kvikendi, skriðdýr, etc., the earth’s fruit, produce, blossom, dust, deer, beasts, reptiles, etc., H. E. ii. 188, Grág. ii. 347, Ver. 17, Fas. iii. 669, Sks. 527, 628, Stj. 18, 77.2. pasture; görði kulda mikla með snjóum ok íllt til jarðar, Grett. 91 A; taka til jarðar, to graze, Skm. 15: freq. in mod. usage, góð jörð, lítil jörð, jarð-leysi, jarð-laust, jarð-bann, q. v.3. mould, Lat. humus; jörð sú er á innsigli er lögð, Lækn. 472: soil, sand-jörð, sandy soil; leir-jörð, clayey soil, etc.COMPDS: jarðarber, jarðarför, jarðarmegin, jarðarmen.B. Land, an estate, very freq. in Icel., answering to Norse bol, Dan. gaard; thus, túlf, tuttugu, sextíu, … hundraða jörð, land of twelve, twenty, sixty, … hundreds value; byggja jörð, to lease a farm; búa á jörð, to live on a farm; leigja jörð, to hold land as a tenant (leigu-liði); góð bú-jörð, good land for farming; harðbala-jörð, barren, bad land; plógs-jörð, land yielding rare produce, eider-down or the like; land-jörð, an inland estate, opp. to sjóvar-jörð, land by the sea side; Benedikt gaf sira Þórði jarðir út á Skaga hverjar svá heita …, Dipl. v. 27.COMPDS: jarðar-, sing. or jarða-, pl.: jarðarbrigð, jarðarbygging, jarðareigandi, jarðarhefð, jarðarhelmingr, jarðarhundrað, jarðarhöfn, jarðarflag, jarðarkaup, jarðarleiga, jarðarlýsing, jarðarmark, jarðamat, jarðamáldagi, jarðarmáli, jarðarmegin, jarðarpartr, jarðarrán, jarðarreitr, jarðaskeyting, jarðarskipti, jarðaskipti, jarðarspell, jarðatal, jarðarteigr, jarðarusli, jarðarverð, jarðarvígsla, jarðarþjófr. -
16 randar-
see rönd; from rönd, a shield, whence also are formed the poët. compds, rand-álfr, -berendr, -ullr, -viðr, = a warrior; rand-él, -fár, -óp, = battle; rand-áll, -gálkn, -hængr, -laukr, -linnr, -ormr, = a sword; rand-garðr, -hvel, -láð, -völlr, = a shield.2. pr. names of men, Rand-verr; of women, Rand-eiðr, Fms.; Rand-gríð, one of the Valkyriur, Gm. -
17 SJÓT
n. pl.1) abode, home; ragna s., the seat of the gods, the heavens;2) company, host.* * *n., and sjöt, of which sjöt makes a rhyme with mjöt, Höfuðl. 19; [the word is not derived from sitja, but from sveit, q. v., changing v into j, as in hvel and hjól]:—a host, assembly, but also home, abode; manna sjöt, a host of men, Höfuðl. l. c.; sótt hefi ek mörg mildinga sjót, I have visited many kings’ men, kingly assemblies, Ad. 2; flotna sjót, a ‘fleet-crew’ mariners, Lex. Poët.; ýta sjót, rekka sjót, id.; ragna sjót, the seat of the gods, i. e. the heavens, Vsp.; tungls sjót, the moon’s home, i. e. the sky, Bragi; sólar sjót, the sun’s land, i. e. the sky, Skv. 1. 52; þursa þjóðar sjót, the giant-land, Fsm. 1; Heljar sjót, ‘Hell-home,’ id.; sjótum görvöllum, to all men, Hdl. -
18 SKARÐ
n.1) notch, hack, in the edge of a thing (skörð vóru fallin í sverðit); s. í vörr, a hare-lip;2) empty space, breach, gap (höggva s. í ætt e-s);3) mountain pass.* * *n. [A. S. sceard; Engl. shard; Germ. scharte; Dan. skaard]:—a notch, chink in the edge of a thing; skörð vöru fallin í sverðit, Fs. 62; þá beit Egill skarð ór horninu, Eg. 605; skarð í vör, a hare-lip, Fms. x. 88; skarð í vör Skíða, Sd.: of the moon, hvel á tungli er nær sólu, en skarð firr, Rb. 452 (skarðr máni); leysi af með skinni, eðr leysi skarð ór skinni, Gþl. 448.2. an empty, open place, in a rank or a row; skarð fyrir skildi (see skjöldr), Fas. iii. 42, 43; betra er oss skarð ok missa í flota Ólafs, Hkr. i. 334; nú ef skörð verða á, þá skal ármaðr þau skörð bæta, N. G. L. i. 101; skarð í ætt e-s, Fs. 6; höggva skarð í ætt e-s, Eg. 475 (metaphor from a fence); var nú úhægt at verja þat skarð er þessir höfðu staðit, Fms. x. 361; en ef þeir synja þér manntals, þá máttú telja skörð (loss of right, deficiency) á hendr þeim, N. G. L. i. 98; ef skríða skal í þat skarð sem Ormr reytti af þér, Ölk. 36.3. [cp. Cumbrian Scarf-gap], a mountain pass, Ölk. 37; vestr yfir skörðin, Fs. 41; austr um skörð, Skíða R.; hamra-skarð, fjall-skarð, q. v.: freq. in local names, Skarð, Skörð; Skarð-verjar, m. pl. the men from Skarð, Sturl. i. 199; Skarða-leið, the way through the Skörð, iii. 15; Skarðs-heiðr, Skarð-strönd, Vatnsdals-skarð, Ljósavatns-skarð, Haukadals-skarð, Kerlingar-skarð, Geita-skarð, Landn., map of Icel. skarða-lauss, adj. whole, undiminisbed, D. N. -
19 svelgr
m.1) swirl, whirlpool (var þar eptir s. í hafinu);2) swallower, spendthrift.* * *m. [Shetl. swelchie], a swirl, whirlpool, current, stream, = röst, q. v.; var þar eptir svelgr í hafinu, Edda; sem svelgr í hafi eða Sirtes aðr Scylla, Al. 50.2. esp. as a local name of the race in the Pentland Firth, Orkn. 276, Ó. H. 193, Fms. x. 145.II. metaph. a swallower, spendthrift; þú inn gráðugi svelgr, El. 95; hvel-svelgr himins, Edda (in a verse); vín-svelgr, a wine-swiller, drunkard: hræ-svelgr, carrion-devourer, Vþm. -
20 TREYSTA
* * *(-sta, -str), v.1) to make trusty, make strong and safe (Höskuldr treysti mundriða í skildi);2) to make firm (t. vináttu e-s); t. herinn ok eggja, encourage and exhort the troops;3) to try the strength of a thing with the hand (hann treysti ‘silkibandit’ með handa-afli ok slitnaði eigi);4) to trust to, rely on (t. e-m or t. á e-n);5) to dare, venture (nú er sú öld í Noregi, at ek treysti eigi at halda ykkr hér heima með mér);6) refl., treystast = treysta 4 (treystust Numidiumenn betr fótum en vápnum); = treysta 5 (hann mun eigi t. öðru en gøra sem ek vil).* * *t, [traust; Dan. trouml;ste = to comfort], to make trusty, make strong and safe; Höskuldr treysti mundriða í skildi, Nj. 66; hann setti þar forráða-menn ok treysti sér fólk, Hkr. i. 84: to confirm, make firm, at treysta vináttu Snorra, Sturl. ii. 260; hann treysti sálu þína, Barl. 94; þá treysta fól hinn heimska svá at hann skal ríkastr vera, Sks. 342; treysta herinn ok eggja, Ó. H. 214; t. heilsu hans, Greg. 49; treystr með holdi ok blóði Guðs, Fms. xi. 38; várir menn þurfu nú at þér treystið þá, viii. 317.2. to try the strength of a thing with the hand; Egill færðisk við ok treysti stafinn ( grasped firmly) til þess er upp losnaði, Eg. 233; hann treysti með handa-afli ok slitnaði silki-bandit eigi, Edda 20; ganga at ásendunum ok t. svá fast, at brotnaði, Ld. 280; tók ek þá til, treysta ek á sem ek orkaða, gat ek honum þá fram kipt, … tók ek í hendr Böðvari, treysta ek þá af öllu afli …, Fb. ii. 136; treysta nú á timbr-veggina svá brakar í hverju tré, Grett. 99; treystu síðan á ásinn, til þess er hann brast í sundr, 154; fór hann þá ok treysti á sira Þorlák með alvarligri bæn, Bs. i. 269.II. reflex. to trust to, rely upon; with dat., ek treystumk hamingju minni ok sigrsæli, Fms. ii. 108; treystask eigi þeim griðum, ix. 520; at engum manni treystisk hann betr enn honum, xi. 392; engi hlutr er sá er sér megi treystask er Muspells-synir herja, Edda 8; öllum þeim sem honum treystask, Stj. 641; treystask í e-u (Latinism), Hom. 78, MS. 655 iv. 2; ek treysti (better treystisk) eigi at halda yðr heima með mér, Fms. ii. 4: cp. treysta sér, to dare, passim in mod. usage; eigi mun Sveinn konungr því treystask at taka, he wont dare, xi. 364; treystask betr fótum enn vápnum, Róm. 291; hann mun eigi treystask öðru enn göra sem ek vil, Nj. 229; höfðu þeir ætlað at veita honum atgöngu, en treystusk eigi, 36; treystisk ér ( be of good cheer), ok hirðit eigi at óttask, 623. 32; er með engu móti treystanda á hennar hverfanda hvel, Fms. i. 104; treysti hann svá vel her sínum, at …, 24.
Страницы
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
hwela — *hwela, *hwegwula, *hwehula germ., Substantiv: nhd. Rad; ne. wheel (Neutrum); Rekontruktionsbasis: an., ae., afries., mnd.; Etymologie: idg. *kʷekʷlo … Germanisches Wörterbuch
kʷel-1, kʷelǝ- — kʷel 1, kʷelǝ English meaning: to turn; wheel; neck? Deutsche Übersetzung: “drehen, sich drehen, sich herumbewegen, fũrsorglich um jemandem herum sein, wohnen” under likewise Material: This root is related to the name of Celts,… … Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary
колесо — расширение основы на еs, др. русск. коло, им. п. мн. ч. колеса, укр. коло, ст. слав. коло, род. п. колесе τροχός, ἅμαξα (Супр.), болг. кола телега , диал. коло – то же (Младенов 245), сербохорв. ко̏ло, словен. kоlо̑, чеш., слвц. kоlо, польск.… … Этимологический словарь русского языка Макса Фасмера
wheel — I. noun Usage: often attributive Etymology: Middle English, from Old English hweogol, hwēol; akin to Old Norse hvēl wheel, Greek kyklos circle, wheel, Sanskrit cakra, Latin colere to cultivate, inhabit, Sanskrit carati he moves, wanders Date:… … New Collegiate Dictionary
Germanische Sprachen — Die germanischen Sprachen sind ein Zweig der indogermanischen Sprachfamilie. Sie umfassen etwa 15 Sprachen mit rund 500 Millionen Muttersprachlern, über 700 Millionen einschließlich der Zweitsprecher. Ein charakteristisches Phänomen aller… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Indogermanische Religion — Die Idee einer indogermanischen Religion kam bald nach Entdeckung der indogermanischen Sprachfamilie auf, als eine sprachlich und sachlich recht enge Verwandtschaft zwischen lat. Jupiter/Diēspiter, gr. Zeus pater und ai. Dyaus Pita offenkundig… … Deutsch Wikipedia
cycle — {{11}}cycle (n.) late 14c., from L.L. cyclus, from Gk. kyklos circle, wheel, any circular body, circular motion, cycle of events, from PIE *kwel to roll, to move around, wheel (Cf. Skt. cakram circle, wheel, carati he moves, wanders; Avestan… … Etymology dictionary
wheel — {{11}}wheel (n.) O.E. hweol, hweogol, from P.Gmc. *khwekhwlan, *khwegwlan (Cf. O.N. hvel, O.Swed. hiughl, O.Fris. hwel, M.Du. weel), from PIE *k(w)e k(w)lo wheel, circle (Cf. O.C.S. kolo wheel ), a reduplicated form from root *k(w)el to go round… … Etymology dictionary
hwelpa- — *hwelpa , *hwelpaz germ., stark. Maskulinum (a): nhd. Welpe, Junges; ne. whelp (Neutrum); Rekontruktionsbasis: an., ae., anfrk., as., ahd.; Etymologie: s … Germanisches Wörterbuch
