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1 гуммирование
1) Engineering: gumming (офсетной формы), rubber coating, rubber covering, rubber lining, rubberizing2) Chemistry: lining with rubber, rubber cover3) Polygraphy: coating with rubber, gum printing, gum process, gumming-up, gumming-up (офсетной печатной формы)4) Polymers: frictioning -
2 нанесение клеевого слоя
Polygraphy: gum printing (на оборотную сторону этикеток, марок и др.), gum processУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > нанесение клеевого слоя
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3 Pouncy, John
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1820 Englandd. 1894 Dorchester (?), Dorset, England[br]English photographer and pioneer of the gum bichromate permanent printing process.[br]A professional photographer working from a studio in Dorchester, Pouncy had a long interest in "permanent" photographs. In 1857 he published two volumes of photolithographed views of Dorset. He was later to devise a number of variations of the photolithographic process.Pouncy is best remembered for his pigment process, patented in 1858, using vegetable carbon, gum arabic and potassium bichromate. His prints exhibited at the London Photographic Society the same year were greatly admired. However, Pouncy's gum bichromate process was, in fact, covered by earlier patents filed by Poitevin, but this did not deter Pouncy from submitting his prints to the Duke of Lyne's competition for permanent photographs in 1859. For the excellence of his work, Pouncy was awarded the lesser part of the major prize won by Poitevin. Although Pouncy's work was not original, he pioneered the carbon process in England and can be considered the practical founder of the different technique of gum bichromate printing.[br]Bibliography10 April 1858, British patent no. 780 (gum bichromate permanent printing process).Further ReadingJohn Werge, 1890, The Evolution of Photography, London (an interesting contemporary account of Pouncy's work).J.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E. Epstean, New York.H.Gernshiem and A.Gernsheim, 1969, The History of Photography, rev. edn, London. G.Wakeman, 1973, Victorian Book Illustration, Great Britain (a good popular account of Pouncy's work).JW -
4 Silk Yarns
Silk yarns are composed of a number of silk filaments twisted together, usually 8 to 12 to form a thread. The filaments have a natural coating of gum which gives strength and elasticity, but reduces lustre. The gum must be boiled off if lustre is wanted, which may be done either in the yarn state or when woven in cloth. Silk yarns are divided into two classes, " thrown silk" and " spun silk," the first being yarns that are made by the processes of reeling and throwing, and the second consisting of yarns spun from waste silk. Thrown Silk, or Net Silk comprises organzine and tram yarns, organzine being made from the most perfect cocoons and used for warps. Tram is made from the inferior cocoons and used as weft. All silk contains a proportion of natural gum, and the amount of gum removed give rise to the following terms: - Boiled-off Silk - Yarn which has had all the gum removed, and has the highest sheen (see Boiled-off). Hard Silk - Yarn that has not undergone any boiling-off process. Ecru Silk - Yarn boiled to remove about 3 per cent to 5 per cent of the gum by light washing in lukewarm water. Souple Silk - Yarn boiled to remove about one-sixth of the gum. Bengal Silk - See Bengal Silk. Berlin Silk - A silk yarn made for fancy hand work. It is produced by doubling from 4 to 8 twisted singles grege by a right-hand twist; then again doubling three of these with a left-hand twist. The thread is very round, smooth, and hard, also known as cordon-net. Blond Silk - A special silk yarn made by doubling three grege threads left-hand twist, then doubling three of these together with right-hand twist. Brights - Silk which has been entirely de-gummed in the skein and then dyed. Bourette, Bourrette Yarn - A low grade of silk yarn made from the waste produced by schappe spinning. Canton Silk - See Canton Silk. Chiffon Twist - Single raw silk threads, 50 or more turns per inch. Used for chiffons, crepe-de-chines, etc. Crepe-de-Chine - Hard twist tram silk, about 40 to 70 turns per inch. Made from 3 to 5 raw silk ends. Usually woven as weft. Crepe Georgette - Hard twist raw silk usually made from two threads 13/15 deniers, 50 or more turns, both right and left twist, used for crepe georgettes as warp and weft. Crepe Twist - This is tram silk hard twisted, having from 30 to 100 turns per inch. Used for making fabrics of a crepe character both all silk and mixtures. Cordonnet Silk - See Berlin Silk; also under Cordonnet. Eri Silk - A raw silk obtained from the wild silkworm " Attacus ricini." Flock Silk - A general term used to indicate silk yarns made from the outer uneven parts of the cocoon. Floss Silk - Used principally for embroidery purposes. It is a thrown silk and made by doubling two thick raw singles with right-hand twist together with a left-hand twist. Galette Silk - A coarse silk yarn made from waste. Grenadine Silk - Organzine silk with a large number of turns per inch. Jaspe Silk - Silk warps printed in the hank. Ombre Silk - Skein dyed yarn in a gradation of shades, which run in sequence of depth of colour, varying from five up to forty shades. Schappe Silk - A spun silk yarn which is made from silk degummed by the maceration process used on the Continent (see Schappe Silk). Soie Ondee - See Soie Ondee. Silk Yarns - In addition to the foregoing yarns see under the following terms for further silk yarns: - Cable, Cevennes, Chappe, Chine, Clochepeid, Crocheting, Crue (see Ecru), Cuite Cusier, Cusirino, Degummed, Docken, Doup-pion. Ecru, Embroidery, Etschingo, Filature, Filature a 1'Europeune, Filet, Florette, Fringe, Goffered, Grege, Gum Hainin, Hard, Kahing, Knitting, Lousy, Marabout, Maybasch, Melange, Mele, Mi-cuit, Minchcw, Nett, Noil, Organzine, Ouvrees, Oval, Pearlina, Pel, Pelo, Poie, Pure dye Silk, Raw (see Grege), Re-reels, Retorse, Senegal, Sewing, Simonita, Soft Singles, Soie Ondee, Souple, Spun, Steeped, Strafilato, Stumba, Thrown, Tors San File, Tram, Tramette, Tsatlees, Tussah, Twist, Washed, Zaguri. -
5 persona que tira basura al suelo
(n.) = litterbug, litter loutEx. I have to wonder at the thought process of litterbugs (those who carelessly toss their garbage anywhere they choose).Ex. Some draconian laws have been put in place to punish litter louts and heaven help you if you are caught selling chewing gum.* * *(n.) = litterbug, litter loutEx: I have to wonder at the thought process of litterbugs (those who carelessly toss their garbage anywhere they choose).
Ex: Some draconian laws have been put in place to punish litter louts and heaven help you if you are caught selling chewing gum.Spanish-English dictionary > persona que tira basura al suelo
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6 Boiled-Off Silk
BOILED-OFF SILK, IIThe product of the boiling-off (also called, degumming) process, in which raw silk, thrown silk, or fabricated silk is subjected to a treatment in hot water, soap and other solutions to dissolve and remove the gum or sericin, which is the coat protecting the clean fibre filaments of a thread from becoming separated, and to remove tints, dirt and other foreign substances which are not inherent in the nature of the silk. (Official definition, U.S.A.) ————————BOILED-OFF SILK, IUndyed thrown silk which has had the natural gum removed by boiling in soap solution. This process of boiling-off removes about 25 per cent of the weight. It is a necessary operation (same as degumming). Before boiling-off the thread is harsh, stiff and dull, but afterwards it is soft, flexible and lustrous. -
7 Talbot, William Henry Fox
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 11 February 1800 Melbury, Englandd. 17 September 1877 Lacock, Wiltshire, England[br]English scientist, inventor of negative—positive photography and practicable photo engraving.[br]Educated at Harrow, where he first showed an interest in science, and at Cambridge, Talbot was an outstanding scholar and a formidable mathematician. He published over fifty scientific papers and took out twelve English patents. His interests outside the field of science were also wide and included Assyriology, etymology and the classics. He was briefly a Member of Parliament, but did not pursue a parliamentary career.Talbot's invention of photography arose out of his frustrating attempts to produce acceptable pencil sketches using popular artist's aids, the camera discura and camera lucida. From his experiments with the former he conceived the idea of placing on the screen a paper coated with silver salts so that the image would be captured chemically. During the spring of 1834 he made outline images of subjects such as leaves and flowers by placing them on sheets of sensitized paper and exposing them to sunlight. No camera was involved and the first images produced using an optical system were made with a solar microscope. It was only when he had devised a more sensitive paper that Talbot was able to make camera pictures; the earliest surviving camera negative dates from August 1835. From the beginning, Talbot noticed that the lights and shades of his images were reversed. During 1834 or 1835 he discovered that by placing this reversed image on another sheet of sensitized paper and again exposing it to sunlight, a picture was produced with lights and shades in the correct disposition. Talbot had discovered the basis of modern photography, the photographic negative, from which could be produced an unlimited number of positives. He did little further work until the announcement of Daguerre's process in 1839 prompted him to publish an account of his negative-positive process. Aware that his photogenic drawing process had many imperfections, Talbot plunged into further experiments and in September 1840, using a mixture incorporating a solution of gallic acid, discovered an invisible latent image that could be made visible by development. This improved calotype process dramatically shortened exposure times and allowed Talbot to take portraits. In 1841 he patented the process, an exercise that was later to cause controversy, and between 1844 and 1846 produced The Pencil of Nature, the world's first commercial photographically illustrated book.Concerned that some of his photographs were prone to fading, Talbot later began experiments to combine photography with printing and engraving. Using bichromated gelatine, he devised the first practicable method of photo engraving, which was patented as Photoglyphic engraving in October 1852. He later went on to use screens of gauze, muslin and finely powdered gum to break up the image into lines and dots, thus anticipating modern photomechanical processes.Talbot was described by contemporaries as the "Father of Photography" primarily in recognition of his discovery of the negative-positive process, but he also produced the first photomicrographs, took the first high-speed photographs with the aid of a spark from a Leyden jar, and is credited with proposing infra-red photography. He was a shy man and his misguided attempts to enforce his calotype patent made him many enemies. It was perhaps for this reason that he never received the formal recognition from the British nation that his family felt he deserved.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS March 1831. Royal Society Rumford Medal 1842. Grand Médaille d'Honneur, L'Exposition Universelle, Paris, 1855. Honorary Doctorate of Laws, Edinburgh University, 1863.Bibliography1839, "Some account of the art of photographic drawing", Royal Society Proceedings 4:120–1; Phil. Mag., XIV, 1839, pp. 19–21.8 February 1841, British patent no. 8842 (calotype process).1844–6, The Pencil of Nature, 6 parts, London (Talbot'a account of his invention can be found in the introduction; there is a facsimile edn, with an intro. by Beamont Newhall, New York, 1968.Further ReadingH.J.P.Arnold, 1977, William Henry Fox Talbot, London.D.B.Thomas, 1964, The First Negatives, London (a lucid concise account of Talbot's photograph work).J.Ward and S.Stevenson, 1986, Printed Light, Edinburgh (an essay on Talbot's invention and its reception).H.Gernsheim and A.Gernsheim, 1977, The History of Photography, London (a wider picture of Talbot, based primarily on secondary sources).JWBiographical history of technology > Talbot, William Henry Fox
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8 Joly, John
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1857 Holywood, King's County (now County Down, Northwern Ireland), Irelandd. 8 December 1933 Dublin, Eire[br]Irish pioneer of additive screen-plate colour photography.[br]Professor of Physics at Trinity College, Dublin, Joly developed a concept first suggested by Ducos du Hauron, creating in 1893 a process in which fine transparent red, green and blue lines, less than 0.1 mm wide, were ruled on a glass plate. The coloured inks were aniline dyes mixed with gum. This screen plate was held in close contact with a photographic negative plate which was exposed through the screen in a camera. The processed negative was printed onto a positive plate, and a viewing screen, similar to that used for taking, was bound up with it in careful register, to reproduce the original colours. The process was patented in 1894, and marketed in 1895. It was the first commercially successful additive screen-plate process to appear. While the results could be quite acceptable, the inadequate colour sensitivity of the negative plates then available limited the usefulness of this process. Professor Joly's other achievements included geological research and the treatment of cancer by radium.[br]Further ReadingJ.S.Friedman, 1944, History of Colour Photography, Boston.B.Coe, 1978, Colour Photography: The First Hundred Years, London. G.Koshofer, 1981, Farbfotografie, Vol. I, Munich.BC -
9 Reeling
The operation of drawing silk from the cocoons or unwinding is termed reeling. The filaments from several cocoons are reeled together as a single thread. They are not twisted, but adhere to each other by reason of the gum which joins the two threads in the bave. ———————— The process of unwinding yarn from cops or bobbins and rewinding on to a revolving reel in the form of skeins or hanks, in which form it is most suitable for export, or for sizing, dyeing, bleaching or mercerising. The cotton reel is usually 54-in. in circumference. Cross Reeling is the method usually adopted when the hanks are for dyeing. The thread is traversed rapidly across a width of 3-in., making diamond-shaped crossings which keep the yarn open and makes hanks capable of undergoing the dyeing process without entanglement of the yarn. Grant Reeling is similar to cross reeling, but the crossing of the thread is more open and shows decided diamond-shaped openings both on the reel and when opened out for rewinding. By this method of crossing, hanks of great length can be reeled ranging from 5 to 10 times 840 yards. Straight, or Lea Reeling - This consists in reeling the yarn in groups or leas formed by holding the traverse rail stationary for 80 revs. (120 yards) and then moving it bodily a short distance. In a 840-yard hank there will be seven leas side by side, the yarn being continuous from one lea to another. Two interlacing tie bands are usual. This method is used for export yarns shipped in 10-lb. bundles. Ring-tie Reeling - Cotton yarns for polishing (see Glace Yarn) is reeled by this method. The length of each lea is 210 yards and straight reeled two leas in length. The tie band is in the form of a figure 8 so that it can move freely with the friction of the brushes. The beginning end of the first lea is tied to the finishing end of the second lea, but not tied to the tie band. Skein Yarn - Yarn reeled in sections of a given weight. -
10 Goodyear, Charles
[br]b. 29 December 1800 New Haven, Connecticut, USAd. 1 July 1860 New York, USA[br]American inventor of the vulcanization of rubber.[br]Goodyear entered his father's country hardware business before setting up his own concern in Philadelphia. While visiting New York, he noticed in the window of the Roxburgh India Rubber Company a rubber life-preserver. Goodyear offered to improve its inflating valve, but the manager, impressed with Goodyear's inventiveness, persuaded him to tackle a more urgent problem, that of seeking a means of preventing rubber from becoming tacky and from melting or decomposing when heated. Goodyear tried treatments with one substance after another, without success. In 1838 he started using Nathaniel M.Hayward's process of spreading sulphur on rubber. He accidentally dropped a mass of rubber and sulphur on to a hot stove and noted that the mixture did not melt: Goodyear had discovered the vulcanization of rubber. More experiments were needed to establish the correct proportions for a uniform mix, and eventually he was granted his celebrated patent no. 3633 of 15 June 1844. Goodyear's researches had been conducted against a background of crippling financial difficulties and he was forced to dispose of licences to vulcanize rubber at less than their real value, in order to pay off his most pressing debts.Goodyear travelled to Europe in 1851 to extend his patents. To promote his process, he designed a spectacular exhibit for London, consisting of furniture, floor covering, jewellery and other items made of rubber. A similar exhibit in Paris in 1855 won him the Grande Médaille d'honneur and the Croix de la Légion d'honneur from Napoleon III. Patents were granted to him in all countries except England. The improved properties of vulcanized rubber and its stability over a much wider range of temperatures greatly increased its applications; output rose from a meagre 31.5 tonnes a year in 1827 to over 28,000 tonnes by 1900. Even so, Goodyear profited little from his invention, and he bequeathed to his family debts amounting to over $200,000.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsGrande Médaille d'honneur 1855. Croix de la Légion d'honneur 1855.Bibliography15 June 1844, US patent no. 3633 (vulcanization of rubber).1853, Gum Elastic and Its Varieties (includes some biographical material).Further ReadingB.K.Pierce, 1866, Trials of an Inventor: Life and Discoveries of Charles Goodyear.H.Allen, 1989, Charles Goodyear: An Intimate Biographical Sketch, Akron, Ohio: Goodyear Tire \& Rubber Company.LRD -
11 прорезинка
1) Chemistry: spreader frictioning2) Textile: dipping process, rubber covering, rubbering, rubberizing, water-proofing3) Oil: friction, frictionating, gumming, proofing4) Polymers: gum topping -
12 Abkochungsverlust
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13 Abkochverlust
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14 गजः _gajḥ
गजः [गज्-मदे अच्]1 An elephant; कचाचितौ विश्वगिवा- गजौ गजौ Ki.1.36.-2 The number 'eight'.-3 A measure of length, a Gaja or yard, (thus defined:-- साधारणनराङ्गुल्या त्रिंशदङ्गुलको गजः).-4 A demon killed by Śiva.-5 One of the eight elephants of the quarters.-जी A female elephant; वितृषो$पि पिबन्त्यम्भः पाययन्तो गजा गजीः Bhāg.4.6.26.-Comp. -अग्रणी m.1 the most excellent among elephants.-2 An epithet of ऐरावत, the elephant of Indra.-अधिपतिः lord of elephants, a noble elephant.-अध्यक्षः superintendent of elephants; Bri. S.86.34.-अपसदः a vile or wretched elephant, a common or low-born elephant.-अशनः the religious fig tree (अश्वत्थ). (-नम्) the root of a lotus.-अरिः 1 a lion.-2 N. of Śiva who killed the demon गज.-आजीवः 'one who gets his livelihood by elephants', an elephant-driver.-आननः, -आस्यः epithets of Ganeśa.-आयुर्वेदः science of the treatment of elephants.-आरोहः an elephant- driver.-आह्वम्, -आह्वयम् N. of Hastināpura; Bhāg.1. 15.38.-इन्द्रः 1 an excellent elephant, a lordly elephant; किं रुष्टासि गजेन्द्रमन्दगमने Ś. Til.7; ऐरावतं गजेन्द्राणां Bg.1.27.-2 Airāvata, Indra's elephant.-3 N. of a tree; गजेन्द्र- कुसुमाकीर्णम् Mb.13.132.12. ˚कर्णः an epithet of Śiva.-कन्दः a large esculent root.-कूर्माशिन् m. N. of Garuḍa.-गतिः f.1 a stately, majestic gait like that of an elephant.-2 a woman with such a gait.-गामिनी a woman having a stately elephant-like gait; याता सुदूरमधुना गजगामिनी सा Ratn.4.3.-गौरीव्रतम् a vow to be observed by ladies in the month of Bhādrapada.-छाया a portion of time proper for a Śrāddha, time at the eclipse of the sun; [सैंहिकेयो यदा भानुं ग्रसते पर्वसंधिषु । गजच्छाया तु सा प्रोक्ता श्राद्धं तत्र प्रकल्पयेत् ॥; गजच्छायायां पूर्वस्यां कुतपे दक्षिणामुखः । यदा भाद्रपदे मासि भवते बहुले मघा ॥ Mb.13.126.36 Y.1.218.-ढक्का a kettle-drum carried on an elephant.-तुरङ्गविलसितम् N. of a metre.-दघ्न, -द्वयस a. as high or tall as an elephant.-दन्तः 1 an elephant's tusk, ivory; कार्योलङ्कार- विधिर्गजदन्तेन प्रशस्तेन Bṛi. S.79.19.-2 an epithet of Gaṇeśa.-3 ivory.-4 a peg, pin, or bracket projecting from a wall. ˚मय a. made of ivory.-दानम् 1 the fluid (ichor) exuding from the temples of an elephant.-2 the gift of an elephant.-नासा the trunk of an elephant; धर्मस्तु गजनासोरु सद्भिराचरितः पुरा Rām.2.3.3.-निमीलिका, -निमीलितम् feigning not to look at anything, inattention; देवीः कामयमानस्य चक्रे गजनिमीलिका Rāj. T.6.73.-पतिः 1 the lord or keeper of elephants.-2 a very tall and stately elephant; Śi.6.55.-3 an excellent elephant.-पिप्पली N. of a plant (Scindapsus Officinalis; Mar. गजपिंपळी, मिरवेल).-पुङ्गवः a large and excellent elephant; गजपुङ्गवस्तु धीरं विलोकयति चाटुशतैश्च भुङ्क्ते Bh.2.31.-पुटः a small hole in the ground for fire.-पुरम् N. of Hastināpura.-पुष्पी N. of a flower; गजपुष्पीमिमां फुल्लामुत्पाठ्य शुभलक्षणाम् Rām.4.12.39.-बन्धः 1 a particular posture in sexual intercourse.-2 a post to which the elephant is tied.-3 the process of catching an elephant; गजबन्धस्तु सुरते आलाने ग्रहणे$पि च Nm.-बन्धनी, -बन्धिनी a stable for elephants.-भक्षकः the sacred fig-tree.-भक्षा the gum Olibanum tree.-मण्डनम् the ornaments with which an elephant is decorated, particularly the coloured lines on his head.-मण्डलिका, -मण्डली a ring or circle of elephants.-माचलः a lion.-मुक्ता, -मौक्तिकम् a pearl supposed to be found in the kumbhas or projections on the forehead of an elephant; घर्मजनितपुलकेन लसद्भजमौक्तिकावलिगुणेन वक्षसा Ki.12.4.-मुखः, -वक्त्रः, -वदनः epithets of Gaṇeśa; Bṛi. S.58.58; Ks.1.44.-मोटनः a lion.-यूथम् a herd of elephants; उषसि स गजयूथकर्णतालैः पटुपटहध्वनिभिर्विनीतनिद्रः R.9.71.-योधिन् a. fighting on an elephant.-राजः a lordly or noble elephant.-वीथिः, -थी f. the three lunar mansions रोहिणी, आर्द्रा and मृगशिरस्; रोहिण्यार्दा मृगशिरो गजवीथ्यभिधी- यते.-व्रजः a troop of elephants.-शास्त्रम्, -शिक्षा the science of elephants.-साह्वयम् N. of Hastināpura; निर्ययुर्गजसाह्वयात् Mb.3.1.9; Ks.15.6.-स्थानम् elephant's stall; Y.1.279.-स्नानम् (lit.) bathing of an elephant; (fig.) useless or unproductive efforts resembling the ablution of elephants which, after pouring water over their bodies, end by throwing dirt, rubbish and other foul matter; cf. अवशेन्द्रियचित्तानां हस्तिस्नानमिव क्रिया H.1.17. -
15 камера
( помещение) camera, ( в камерно-столбовой разработке угля) bord, bowl, box, cabinet пищ., case, cell, chamber, compartment, enclosure, room, stall, ( шины) inner tube, ( шины или рукава) tube резин.* * *ка́мера ж.1. ( помещение) chamber, compartmentгерметизи́ровать ка́меру1. ( уплотнять) seal the chamber2. ( создавать положительный перепад давления) pressurize the chamber2. ( внутренняя оболочка шины) (inner) tube3. ( внутренняя часть фотоаппарата) camera4. горн. chamberка́мера Бо́йса — Boys rotating lens-type cameraброди́льная ка́мера — fermentation roomбурова́я ка́мера — drill chamberва́куумная ка́мера — vacuum chamberва́куумно-косми́ческая ка́мера — space chamberва́рочная ка́мера ( для вулканизации шин) — curing bagвентиляцио́нная ка́мера — air-ventilation chamberвзрывна́я ка́мера горн. — blasting chamberка́мера Ви́льсона — (Wilson) cloud chamberка́мера Ви́льсона, диффузио́нная — diffusion cloud chamberвла́жная ка́мера — moist chamberводоприё́мная ка́мера гидр. — water intake chamberвозду́шная ка́мера — wind chamberка́мера вса́сывания ( в насосе) — inlet chamberвулканизацио́нная ка́мера — vulcanization [curing] chamberвысо́тная ка́мера — altitude chamber(высо́тная) ка́мера воспроизво́дит усло́вия, существу́ющие на больши́х высо́тах — an altitude chamber simulates conditions up to extreme hightsвытяжна́я ка́мера — exhaust chamberка́мера глазирова́ния пищ. — glazing chamberка́мера глуши́теля — baffle chamberка́мера горе́ния ( в печи) — primary furnaceка́мера грохоче́ния горн. — grizzly chamberгрязева́я ка́мера — mud chamberка́мера давле́ния — pressure vessel; pressure chamberдезактивацио́нная ка́мера ( для обработки после поражения радиоактивными веществами) — decontamination chamberдезинфекцио́нная ка́мера — disinfectorдекомпрессио́нная ка́мера — decompression chamberка́мера деле́ния яд. физ. — fission chamberка́мера деле́ния, многоэлектро́дная — multiplate fission chamberдели́тельная ка́мера яд. физ. — fission chamberдистилляцио́нная ка́мера — distillation chamberдиффузио́нно-конденсацио́нная ка́мера — diffusion (cloud) chamberка́мера для дожига́ния ( отходящих газов) — combustion chamberка́мера для запа́рки поча́тков текст. — cop steaming boxка́мера для испыта́ния в солево́м тума́не, коррозио́нная — salt-spray chamberка́мера для окра́ски распыле́нием авто — (paint) spray boothка́мера догора́ния ( в печи) — secondary furnace, secondary combustion spaceка́мера дожига́ния ав. — reheat [afterburner] chamberдожига́тельная ка́мера ( в печи) — secondary furnace, secondary combustion spaceдробестру́йная ка́мера — shot-blasting chamberка́мера дробле́ния1. горн. crusher chamber2. ( щековой дробилки) breaking spaceдугогаси́тельная ка́мера ( в выключателях-автоматах) — arc chuteдутьева́я ка́мера ( в печи) — wind boxзаглушё́нная ка́мера ак. — anechoic [echo-free] chamber, dead [free-field] roomзагру́зочная ка́мера1. loading chamber2. с.-х. feed chamberзака́лочная ка́мера — hardening [quenching] chamberзаря́дная ка́мера горн. — charging room, battery (charging) roomизмельчи́тельная ка́мера с.-х. — chopper chamberионизацио́нная ка́мера — ionization [ion] chamberионизацио́нная, воздухоэквивале́нтная ка́мера — air-equivalent ionization chamberионизацио́нная, возду́шная ка́мера — free-air ionization chamberионизацио́нная, двойна́я ка́мера — back-to-back ionization [double ionization] chamberионизацио́нная, дифференциа́льная ка́мера — differential ionization chamberионизацио́нная, и́мпульсная ка́мера — pulse ionization chamberионизацио́нная, интегри́рующая ка́мера — integrating ionization chamberионизацио́нная, компенсацио́нная ка́мера — compensated ionization chamberионизацио́нная, напё́рстковая ка́мера — thimble ionization chamberионизацио́нная, прото́чная ка́мера — flow-type ionization chamberионизацио́нная ка́мера с электро́нным и́мпульсом — fast ionization chamberионизацио́нная, тканеэквивале́нтная ка́мера — tissue-equivalent ionization chamberионизацио́нная, экстраполяцио́нная ка́мера — extrapolation ionization chamberискроулови́тельная ка́мера метал. — spark condensing chamberка́мера иску́сственного кли́мата — environmental [climatic] chamber, climatizerка́мера ка́бельной ли́нии — cable line cellкиносъё́мочная ка́мера — motion-picture [cine] cameraкиносъё́мочная, люби́тельская ка́мера — amateur cine cameraкиносъё́мочная, многообъекти́вная ка́мера — multiple-lens cameraкиносъё́мочная, мультипликацио́нная ка́мера — animation-cartoon cameraкиносъё́мочная, подво́дная ка́мера — underwater motion-picture [underwater cine] cameraкиносъё́мочная, регистрацио́нная ка́мера — instrumentation cameraкиносъё́мочная, ручна́я ка́мера — band-held motion-picture [hand-held cine] cameraкиносъё́мочная, скоростна́я ка́мера — high-speed cine cameraкла́панная ка́мера — valve chamberкоагуляцио́нная ка́мера — coagulation tankка́мера коксова́ния — coking chamberкомпрессио́нная ка́мера — compression chamberконденсацио́нная ка́мера — (Wilson) cloud [condensing] chamberка́мера кондициони́рования — conditioning chamberкопти́льная ка́мера — smoking [smoke] chamber, smoke-room, smoke cabinetка́мера котла́, водяна́я — heater of a boilerлучева́я ка́мера ( для электроннолучевой плавки) — beam chamberка́мера манипуляцио́нная ручна́я ка́мера ( для работы с радиоактивными веществами) — glove boxка́мера молоти́лки, приё́мная — feeder houseмолоти́льная ка́мера — heating chamberморози́льная ка́мера — freezing room, freezing chamberка́мера нагнета́ния ( насоса) — discharge [pressure] chamberнапо́рная ка́мера ( насоса) — discharge [pressure] chamberнаправля́ющая ка́мера ( для ленты видеомагнитофона) — concave guideнасо́сная ка́мера горн. — pump chamber, pump roomнизкотемперату́рная ка́мера — cold chamberка́мера облуче́ния — irradiation chamberка́мера оку́ривания — fumigating chamber, fumigator roomосади́тельная ка́мера — settling chamberоса́дочная ка́мера — settling vesselотжига́тельная ка́мера — annealing chamberка́мера отрыва́ющего аппара́та с.-х. — stripping chamberотсто́йная ка́мера — settling chamberка́мера охлажде́ния ( топки) — secondary furnaceка́мера очё́са с.-х. — combing chamberпарова́я ка́мера — steam chamberпека́рная ка́мера — baking chamberплави́льная ка́мера — melt(ing) chamberка́мера подава́теля комба́йна — feeder houseка́мера подогре́ва двс. — (pre)heating chamberпомо́льная ка́мера метал. — grinding chamberпоплавко́вая ка́мера тепл. — float chamberка́мера предвари́тельного прессова́ния с.-х. — precompression chamberпредсоплова́я ка́мера ( летательного аппарата на воздушной подушке) — plenum chamberпрессова́льная ка́мера с.-х. — bale [baling] chamberка́мера прессова́ния ( в литье под давлением) — pressure chamberприё́мная ка́мера1. inlet chamber2. с.-х. feed chamberпромы́вочная ка́мера — washing chamberпропа́рочная ка́мера — steam-curing chamberпряди́льная ка́мера — spinning cellпузырько́вая ка́мера яд. физ. — bubble chamberпузырько́вая, «чи́стая» ка́мера яд. физ. — clean-type bubble chamberпускова́я ка́мера ракет. — precombustion chamberпылеосади́тельная ка́мера — dust-collecting chamberпылеотдели́тельная ка́мера — dust-separation chamberразгру́зочная ка́мера1. с.-х. discharge chamber2. тепл. balancing chamberразря́дная ка́мера — discharge chamberраспа́рочная ка́мера рез. — steam-softening chamberка́мера распредели́тельного устро́йства эл. — switchgear cellраспыли́тельная ка́мера1. spray [atomizing] chamber2. двс. jet chamberрасшири́тельная ка́мера — expansion chamberреверберацио́нная ка́мера — reverberation chamberрентге́новская ка́мера — X-ray cameraрентге́новская, порошко́вая ка́мера — powder X-ray cameraка́мера сгора́ния — combustion chamber… происхо́дит прога́р ка́меры сгора́ния ркт. — …then the combustion chamber burns up [burns out]удаля́ть нага́р из ка́меры сгора́ния двс. — de-gum the combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния, вихрева́я — high-turbulence [vortex, swirl-type] combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния, кольцева́я ( газотурбинного двигателя) — annular combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния ма́ршевого дви́гателя — sustainer [cruising] chamberка́мера сгора́ния, противото́чная — reverse-flow combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния, прямото́чная — straight flow [direct-flow] combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния, сверхзвукова́я — supersonic combustorка́мера сгора́ния со стабилиза́торами пла́мени — can combustorка́мера сгора́ния с плё́ночным охлажде́нием — film-cooled combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния с турбулиза́торами пото́ка — baffle-type combustorка́мера сгора́ния, тру́бчатая — tubular-type [can-type] combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния, тру́бчато-кольцева́я — canular combustion chamberка́мера сгора́ния, поворо́тная — swiveling combustion chamberсеменна́я ка́мера с.-х. — seed vesselка́мера сжа́тия двс. — compression chamberсмеси́тельная ка́мера — plenum [mixing] chamberсмесите́льная ка́мера карбюра́тора — mixing tubeсоплова́я ка́мера тепл. — steam belt; nozzle chamberсортиру́ющая ка́мера ( масс-спектрометра) — sorting chamberка́мера спектро́графа — spectrograph cameraспира́льная ка́мера ( гидротурбины) — spiral caseстереофотограмметри́ческая ка́мера — stereometric camera, photogrammetric stereocameraстерилизацио́нная ка́мера с.-х. — sterilizing boxсульфитацио́нная ка́мера пищ. — sulphitation chamberсуши́льная ка́мера — drying cell, drying chamberсуши́льная ка́мера непреры́вного де́йствия дер.-об. — continuous kilnсуши́льная ка́мера периоди́ческого де́йствия дер.-об. — intermittent kilnтелевизио́нная (передаю́щая) ка́мера — television [TV] cameraповора́чивать телевизио́нную ка́меру в вертика́льном направле́ний — tilt the cameraповора́чивать телевизио́нную ка́меру в горизонта́льном направле́нии — pan the cameraтелевизио́нная, переносна́я ка́мера — portable pick-up TV cameraтелевизио́нная, репорта́жная ка́мера — field TV cameraтелевизио́нная ка́мера с бегу́щим лучо́м — flying-spot TV cameraтелевизио́нная, студи́йная ка́мера — studio TV cameraтелевизио́нная, цветна́я ка́мера — colour TV cameraтелевизио́нная, чё́рно-бе́лая ка́мера — monochrome TV cameraто́почная ка́мера тепл. — furnaceтороида́льная ка́мера ( ускорителя частиц) — toroidal chamber, doughnutка́мера увлажне́ния дер.-об. — humidifying chamberувлажни́тельная ка́мера пищ. — humidifying chamberуравни́тельная ка́мера — singe tankуспокои́тельная ка́мера ( аэродинамической трубы) — plenum chamberферментацио́нная ка́мера пищ. — fermentation roomфорса́жная ка́мера ав. — afterburnerка́мера форсу́нки ав. — nozzle chamberфотографи́ческая ка́мера — (photographic) cameraфотографи́ческая, зерка́льная ка́мера — reflex (photographic) cameraфотографи́ческая ка́мера кругово́го обзо́ра — all-sky (photographic) cameraфотографи́ческая, лу́нная ка́мера астр. — moon (photographic) cameraфотографи́ческая, широкоуго́льная ка́мера — wide-angle (photographic) cameraфоторепродукцио́нная ка́мера — process [reproducing] cameraка́мера хлопкоубо́рочной маши́ны, приё́мная — cotton receiving chamberка́мера хлопкоубо́рочной маши́ны, рабо́чая — picking throat, cotton picking receptacleхолоди́льная ка́мера — refrigerating chamberхолоди́льная, сбо́рная ка́мера — sectional coolerка́мера хране́ния багажа́ — cloakroom, luggage roomцикло́нная ка́мера — vortex chamberшвицева́льная ка́мера кож. — sweat pitка́мера ши́ны — tyre (inner) tubeка́мера ши́ны, автомоби́льная — automobile (inner) tubeка́мера ши́ны, велосипе́дная — bicycle (inner) tubeка́мера ши́ны, самозакле́ивающаяся — self-sealing (inner) tubeка́мера шлаковика́ — slag chamberшлюзова́я ка́мера — sluice [lock] chamberщитова́я ка́мера горн. — shield chamberэкологи́ческая ка́мера с.-х. — environmental cabinetэлектроли́тная ка́мера — electrolyte chamberэмульсио́нная ка́мера яд. физ. — emulsion chamber, pellicle stack -
16 распылительная камера
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > распылительная камера
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17 Bandhana Silks
Silk fabric woven in the Bombay district on hand looms from Indian silk, and dyed in the bandhana method. By this bandhana method, the white silk fabric is folded into two, four, eight, or sixteen folds, like folding a letter, corresponding with the number of repetitions of the design required. If two " repeats " are wanted, the fabric is folded once; for four " repeats " twice; for eight " repeats " three times, etc. On the uppermost of these folds the design is printed in lines, with blocks, in red ochre mixed with gum arable, and then knots are tightly tied at intervals along the lines with cotton thread, in such a way that when the fabric enters the dye, the dye will not penetrate to the small portion or spot on the cloth around which the thread is tied. The fabric is then " mordanted " with alum and dyed orange. Then another design is printed upon it in the interspaces of the first which remains tied, knots are tied on the second design, and the fabric dyed red. All the knots are then untied, the fabric spread on a small raised platform, and some of the orange spots touched with indigo to make them green. Bandhani is the name of this process in Gujrat, but in Rajputana and Ulwar, where Hindu is spoken, it is Bandhana. (Bandhana means knot tying, and is derived from the Hindu verb Bandhi, to tie.) -
18 Flax Spinning
Wet spinning produces the finest flax yarns. Normally, flax fibres contain glutinous matter that holds the fibres together in groups. To overcome this difficulty the roving is passed through a trough on the spinning frame containing hot water (180 deg. F.). This process softens the gum and allows the fibres to be drawn apart over each other, thus producing finer and more even yams. Dry Flax Spinning - Usually flax is only spun dry when it is desired to produce strong coarse yarns, or bulky tow yarn for weft or uses where unevenness is not considered a detriment. -
19 Paris Dressing
A stiffening process about 1820 to 1850 for cotton net. A mixture of gum, starch and chemicals was used and a piece of fabric of 20-lb. weight became 80-lb. when dressed. -
20 Souple Silk
Raw silk just sufficiently scoured to remove about 8 per cent or 9 per cent of its weight, the loss being caused by removing part of the outer gum layer. It is softened by the process and a dull effect obtained. Souple means soft.
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См. также в других словарях:
Gum process — Нанесение клеевого слоя, гуммирование … Краткий толковый словарь по полиграфии
Gum bichromate — is a 19th century photographic printing process based on the light sensitivity of dichromates. It is capable of rendering painterly images from photographic negatives. Gum printing is traditionally a multi layered printing process, but… … Wikipedia
Gum arabic — Gum arabic, a natural gum also called gum acacia, and chaar gund or char goond (in India), is the hardened sap taken from two species of the acacia tree, Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal . It is used primarily in the food industry as a stabilizer … Wikipedia
Gum over platinum — is a historical chemical photographic process, which was commonly used in art photography. It is a very complex process, in which a specially treated platinum print photograph is coated with washes of gum arabic, then re exposed to the same… … Wikipedia
Gum-digger — Gum diggers were men and women who dug for kauri gum, a fossilised resin, in the old kauri fields of New Zealand at the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The gum was used mainly for varnish.The term may be a source for the nick … Wikipedia
Gum printing — is a way of making photographic reproductions without the use of silver halides. The process used salts of dichromate in common with a number of other related processes such as sun printing.When mixtures of mucilaginous, protein containing… … Wikipedia
gum — gum1 [ gʌm ] noun * ▸ 1 part of mouth ▸ 2 chewing gum ▸ 3 substance from trees ▸ 4 eucalyptus tree ▸ 5 type of glue ▸ + PHRASES 1. ) count the firm pink flesh in your mouth that your teeth are attached to: Brushing regularly keeps your gums… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
gum bichromate process — a contact printing method in which the image is formed on a coating of sensitized gum containing a suitable colored pigment and potassium or ammonium dichromate. Also called gum dichromate process. [1895 1900] * * * … Universalium
gum bichromate process — a contact printing method in which the image is formed on a coating of sensitized gum containing a suitable colored pigment and potassium or ammonium dichromate. Also called gum dichromate process. [1895 1900] … Useful english dictionary
gum up — phrasal verb [transitive] Word forms gum up : present tense I/you/we/they gum up he/she/it gums up present participle gumming up past tense gummed up past participle gummed up informal 1) to cause things to be stuck together or covered in a… … English dictionary
gum print — Photog. a print made by the gum bichromate process. * * * … Universalium