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21 Walton, Frederick
[br]fl. 1860s Chiswick, Middlesex, England[br]English inventor and early manufacturer of linoleum.[br]Walton's linoleum consisted of a burlap base coated with a cement made from linseed oil, gum, resin and colour pigments. The linseed oil was oxidized in order to produce a rubbery consistency, and this was achieved either by adding the oil to the burlap in a series of coats, allowing each coat to dry in a heated room and so absorb the oxygen from the atmosphere, or by inserting the product into a steam-heated container, thereby hastening the process. The coated fabric was then calendered so that the heat and pressure of the rollers would soften the coating mixture, making it adhere firmly to the fabric backing. On 19 December 1863 Walton applied for a patent for the manufacture of his invention at British Grove Works in Chiswick, Middlesex. The patent was granted on 31 May 1864 for "Improvements in the Manufacture of Floor Cloths and Coverings and Similar Fabrics and in Pavements". Later in 1864 Walton set up a factory in Staines.The term linoleum derives from the Latin words linum, meaning linen thread, and oleum, meaning oil. Linoleum was made in rolls in everincreasing quantity until about 1950, by which time it was being replaced by synthetic vinyl-type coverings.[br]Further ReadingSee "Linoleum" in Children's Britannica, Chicago, Ill.: Encyclopaedia Britannica, and in Encyclopaedia Americana, Danbury, Conn.: Americana.DY
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См. также в других словарях:
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gum — gum1 [ gʌm ] noun * ▸ 1 part of mouth ▸ 2 chewing gum ▸ 3 substance from trees ▸ 4 eucalyptus tree ▸ 5 type of glue ▸ + PHRASES 1. ) count the firm pink flesh in your mouth that your teeth are attached to: Brushing regularly keeps your gums… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
gum bichromate process — a contact printing method in which the image is formed on a coating of sensitized gum containing a suitable colored pigment and potassium or ammonium dichromate. Also called gum dichromate process. [1895 1900] * * * … Universalium
gum bichromate process — a contact printing method in which the image is formed on a coating of sensitized gum containing a suitable colored pigment and potassium or ammonium dichromate. Also called gum dichromate process. [1895 1900] … Useful english dictionary
gum up — phrasal verb [transitive] Word forms gum up : present tense I/you/we/they gum up he/she/it gums up present participle gumming up past tense gummed up past participle gummed up informal 1) to cause things to be stuck together or covered in a… … English dictionary
gum print — Photog. a print made by the gum bichromate process. * * * … Universalium
