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gritty

  • 1 mělь

    mělь; mělъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. o
    Page in Trubačev: XVIII 162-168
    Old Church Slavic:
    měla (Supr.) `lime' [Gensm o]
    Russian:
    mel' `sand-bank, shoal' [f i];
    mel `chalk' [m o]
    Czech:
    měl (SSJČ) `spit' [f i];
    měl (Jungmann) `pebble, dust, shoal' [f i];
    měl (Kott) `loose earth, powder, pebble' [f i]
    Old Czech:
    měl `shoal, sand-bank, fodder' [m i]
    Polish:
    miaɫ, mieɫ (dial.) `dust, chalk, muddy water, fine powder' [m o]
    Old Polish:
    miel `sand-bank' [f i];
    miaɫ `finely ground substance' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mẽlj (Čak.), mèlja [Gens] `fine sand' [m jo];
    mél (Čak.), mèla [Gens] `dust, powder' [m o]
    Slovene:
    mẹ̑lj `sand-bank' [m jo]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: (s)mēl-i-
    Lithuanian:
    smė̃lis `sand' [m io] 2 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    smēlis `fine sand' [m io] \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: mēlH-i-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 717
    Comments: The Baltic and Slavic forms are formally compatible with the root melH- `to grind', the Baltic word showing s mobile. The lengthened grade vowel points to an old root noun. Semantically, this etymology does not seem implausible to me ( pace Stang (l.c.), who, by the way, does not mention any Baltic forms).
    Other cognates:
    OIc. melr (dial.) `sand-bank'
    ;
    Sw. mjåg (dial.) `sand-hill, high riverbank'
    ;
    Sw. smula `chunk'
    ;
    Nw. smola (dial.) `smash' [verb];
    Nw. smol (dial.) `dust'
    \{3\} \{4\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also Standard Lithuanian is smėlỹs 4. \{2\} Judging by the Lithuanian evidence, the zero grade of the root was originally acute: smiltis 1/3/4 (LKŽ) `fine sand, gritty earth'. The only non-ambiguous Latvian forms in ME are smìlts and smìltis `sand', however. The most plausible option is that the Latvian falling tone is secondary (cf. Derksen 1996: 147). \{3\} The Scandinavian forms with sm- could derive from the root melH- `grind' preceded by s mobile. OIc. melr and Sw. (dial.) mjåg < *mjalg are mentioned by Stang in connection with Ru. mel' etc. (1972: 36). According to Stang, these words point to *melha- /melga. Therefore the possible etymological relationship with the Slavic forms is limited to the root.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mělь

  • 2 mělъ

    mělь; mělъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. o
    Page in Trubačev: XVIII 162-168
    Old Church Slavic:
    měla (Supr.) `lime' [Gensm o]
    Russian:
    mel' `sand-bank, shoal' [f i];
    mel `chalk' [m o]
    Czech:
    měl (SSJČ) `spit' [f i];
    měl (Jungmann) `pebble, dust, shoal' [f i];
    měl (Kott) `loose earth, powder, pebble' [f i]
    Old Czech:
    měl `shoal, sand-bank, fodder' [m i]
    Polish:
    miaɫ, mieɫ (dial.) `dust, chalk, muddy water, fine powder' [m o]
    Old Polish:
    miel `sand-bank' [f i];
    miaɫ `finely ground substance' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mẽlj (Čak.), mèlja [Gens] `fine sand' [m jo];
    mél (Čak.), mèla [Gens] `dust, powder' [m o]
    Slovene:
    mẹ̑lj `sand-bank' [m jo]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: (s)mēl-i-
    Lithuanian:
    smė̃lis `sand' [m io] 2 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    smēlis `fine sand' [m io] \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: mēlH-i-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 717
    Comments: The Baltic and Slavic forms are formally compatible with the root melH- `to grind', the Baltic word showing s mobile. The lengthened grade vowel points to an old root noun. Semantically, this etymology does not seem implausible to me ( pace Stang (l.c.), who, by the way, does not mention any Baltic forms).
    Other cognates:
    OIc. melr (dial.) `sand-bank'
    ;
    Sw. mjåg (dial.) `sand-hill, high riverbank'
    ;
    Sw. smula `chunk'
    ;
    Nw. smola (dial.) `smash' [verb];
    Nw. smol (dial.) `dust'
    \{3\} \{4\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also Standard Lithuanian is smėlỹs 4. \{2\} Judging by the Lithuanian evidence, the zero grade of the root was originally acute: smiltis 1/3/4 (LKŽ) `fine sand, gritty earth'. The only non-ambiguous Latvian forms in ME are smìlts and smìltis `sand', however. The most plausible option is that the Latvian falling tone is secondary (cf. Derksen 1996: 147). \{3\} The Scandinavian forms with sm- could derive from the root melH- `grind' preceded by s mobile. OIc. melr and Sw. (dial.) mjåg < *mjalg are mentioned by Stang in connection with Ru. mel' etc. (1972: 36). According to Stang, these words point to *melha- /melga. Therefore the possible etymological relationship with the Slavic forms is limited to the root.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mělъ

См. также в других словарях:

  • gritty — 1590s, from GRIT (Cf. grit) + Y (Cf. y) (2). In sense of unpleasant (of literature, etc.), from 1882, in reference to the sensation of eating gritty bread. Related: Grittily; grittiness …   Etymology dictionary

  • gritty — [adj1] granular abrasive, branlike, calculous, crumbly, dusty, friable, grainy, gravelly, in particles, loose, lumpy, permeable, porous, powdery, pulverant, rasping, rough, sabulous, sandy, scratchy; concept 606 Ant. fine, smooth gritty [adj2]… …   New thesaurus

  • gritty — ► ADJECTIVE (grittier, grittiest) 1) containing or covered with grit. 2) showing courage and resolve. 3) tough and uncompromising: a gritty look at urban life. DERIVATIVES grittily adverb grittiness noun …   English terms dictionary

  • gritty — [grit′ē] adj. grittier, grittiest 1. of, like, or containing grit; sandy 2. brave; plucky 3. characterized by detailed, intensely realistic presentation of the subject, characters, etc., esp. in their negative or unpleasant aspects [a gritty… …   English World dictionary

  • Gritty — Grit ty ( t[y^]), a. 1. Containing sand or grit; consisting of grit; caused by grit; full of hard particles. [1913 Webster] 2. Spirited; resolute; unyielding. [Colloq., U. S.] [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • gritty — index steadfast, undaunted Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 …   Law dictionary

  • gritty — [[t]grɪ̱ti[/t]] grittier, grittiest 1) ADJ GRADED Something that is gritty contains grit, is covered with grit, or has a texture like that of grit. The sheets fell on the gritty floor, and she just let them lie. 2) ADJ GRADED Someone who is… …   English dictionary

  • gritty — grit|ty [ˈgrıti] adj 1.) showing determination and courage ▪ Henin gave a typically gritty performance, coming back from 4 0 down. ▪ her gritty determination 2.) showing a difficult or unpleasant situation as it really is ▪ Billingham s pictures… …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • gritty — UK [ˈɡrɪtɪ] / US adjective Word forms gritty : adjective gritty comparative grittier superlative grittiest 1) showing life as it really is, even when it is not pleasant or attractive a gritty account of the survival of a professional footballer… …   English dictionary

  • gritty — adjective 1) a gritty floor Syn: sandy, gravelly, pebbly, stony; powdery, dusty 2) a gritty performance Syn: courageous, brave, plucky, mettlesome, stouthearted, valiant …   Thesaurus of popular words

  • gritty — adjective (grittier; est) Date: 1598 1. containing or resembling grit 2. courageously persistent ; plucky < a gritty heroine > 3. having strong qualities of tough uncompromising realism < a gritty novel > • grittily a …   New Collegiate Dictionary

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