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21 stop *****
[stɒp]1. nto come to a stop — (traffic, production) arrestarsi, (work) fermarsi
to bring to a stop — (traffic, production) paralizzare, (work) fermare
to make a stop — (bus) fare una fermata, (train) fermarsi, (plane, ship) fare scalo
2) (stopping place: for bus etc) fermata4) (Mus: on organ) registro, (on trombone etc) chiave f2. vt1) (arrest movement of: runaway, engine, car) fermare, bloccare, (blow, punch) parare2) (put an end to: gen) mettere fine a, (noise) far cessare, (pain) far passare, (production: permanently) arrestare, (temporarily) interrompere, sospendere3) (prevent) impedireto stop o.s. (from doing sth) — trattenersi (dal fare qc)
4) (cease) smettereI just can't stop it — (help it) proprio non riesco a smetterla
5) (suspend: payments, wages) sospendere, (subscription) cancellare, (leave) revocare, (cheque) bloccareto stop £30 pound from sb's wages — trattenere trenta sterline dallo stipendio di qn
6) (also: stop up) (block: hole) bloccare, otturare, (leak, flow of blood) arrestare, fermareto stop one's ears — tapparsi or turarsi le orecchie
3. vi1) (stop moving, pause: gen) fermarsi, (cease: gen) cessare, (machine, production) arrestarsi, (play, concert, speaker) finirestop, thief! — al ladro!
to stop in one's tracks; stop dead — fermarsi di colpo
2)(
fam: stay) to stop (at/with) — fermarsi (a/da)•- stop by- stop in- stop off- stop up -
22 stop
I 1. [stɒp]1) (halt, pause) arresto m., interruzione f., pausa f.; (short stay) breve pausa f., fermata f.; aer. mar. scalo m.our next stop will be (in) Paris — (on tour, trip) la nostra prossima fermata o tappa sarà Parigi
to bring sth. to a stop — arrestare o fermare qcs.
to come to a stop — [vehicle, work] arrestarsi, fermarsi
to put a stop to — mettere fine a, porre termine a
2) (stopping place) (for bus) fermata f.; (for train, tube) stazione f.3) (punctuation mark) (in telegram) stop m.; (in dictation) punto m.4) (on organ) (pipes) registro m.; (knob) tasto m. di registro2.modificatore [button, lever, signal] d'arresto••II 1. [stɒp]to pull out all the stops — fare l'impossibile ( to do per fare)
stop it! — fermati! (that's enough) basta! smettila!
2) (bring to a halt) (completely) [person, mechanism] fermare [person, vehicle, process, match]; [strike, power cut] fermare, arrestare, bloccare [activity, production]; (temporarily) [person, rain] interrompere, sospendere [process, match]; [strike, power cut] interrompere, bloccare [activity, production]to stop a bullet — colloq. essere colpito da una pallottola
to stop sb. (from) doing — impedire a qcn. di fare
4) (refuse to provide) (definitively) abolire [ allowance]; bloccare [payments, deliveries, subscription]; tagliare [gas, water]; (suspend) sospendere, bloccare [grant, payment]to stop a cheque — fermare o bloccare un assegno
2.to stop Ј 50 out of sb.'s pay — BE trattenere 50 sterline dallo stipendio di qcn
1) (halt) [person, vehicle, heart] fermarsi2) (cease) [person, discussion, bleeding] fermarsi, smettere, cessare; [pain, worry, battle] finire, cessare; [noise, rain] smettere3) BE colloq. (stay) fermarsi, rimanere3.to stop oneself — (restrain oneself) trattenersi
- stop by- stop in- stop off- stop out- stop up* * *[stop] 1. past tense, past participle - stopped; verb1) (to (make something) cease moving, or come to rest, a halt etc: He stopped the car and got out; This train does not stop at Birmingham; He stopped to look at the map; He signalled with his hand to stop the bus.) fermare, fermarsi2) (to prevent from doing something: We must stop him (from) going; I was going to say something rude but stopped myself just in time.) fermare, fermarsi, impedire3) (to discontinue or cease eg doing something: That woman just can't stop talking; The rain has stopped; It has stopped raining.) fermarsi, smettere4) (to block or close: He stopped his ears with his hands when she started to shout at him.) tappare, chiudere5) (to close (a hole, eg on a flute) or press down (a string on a violin etc) in order to play a particular note.) premere; chiudere6) (to stay: Will you be stopping long at the hotel?) fermarsi, restare2. noun1) (an act of stopping or state of being stopped: We made only two stops on our journey; Work came to a stop for the day.) fermata, interruzione2) (a place for eg a bus to stop: a bus stop.) fermata3) (in punctuation, a full stop: Put a stop at the end of the sentence.) punto4) (a device on a flute etc for covering the holes in order to vary the pitch, or knobs for bringing certain pipes into use on an organ.) registro, chiave5) (a device, eg a wedge etc, for stopping the movement of something, or for keeping it in a fixed position: a door-stop.) stop, fermo•- stoppage- stopper
- stopping
- stopcock
- stopgap
- stopwatch
- put a stop to
- stop at nothing
- stop dead
- stop off
- stop over
- stop up* * *I 1. [stɒp]1) (halt, pause) arresto m., interruzione f., pausa f.; (short stay) breve pausa f., fermata f.; aer. mar. scalo m.our next stop will be (in) Paris — (on tour, trip) la nostra prossima fermata o tappa sarà Parigi
to bring sth. to a stop — arrestare o fermare qcs.
to come to a stop — [vehicle, work] arrestarsi, fermarsi
to put a stop to — mettere fine a, porre termine a
2) (stopping place) (for bus) fermata f.; (for train, tube) stazione f.3) (punctuation mark) (in telegram) stop m.; (in dictation) punto m.4) (on organ) (pipes) registro m.; (knob) tasto m. di registro2.modificatore [button, lever, signal] d'arresto••II 1. [stɒp]to pull out all the stops — fare l'impossibile ( to do per fare)
stop it! — fermati! (that's enough) basta! smettila!
2) (bring to a halt) (completely) [person, mechanism] fermare [person, vehicle, process, match]; [strike, power cut] fermare, arrestare, bloccare [activity, production]; (temporarily) [person, rain] interrompere, sospendere [process, match]; [strike, power cut] interrompere, bloccare [activity, production]to stop a bullet — colloq. essere colpito da una pallottola
to stop sb. (from) doing — impedire a qcn. di fare
4) (refuse to provide) (definitively) abolire [ allowance]; bloccare [payments, deliveries, subscription]; tagliare [gas, water]; (suspend) sospendere, bloccare [grant, payment]to stop a cheque — fermare o bloccare un assegno
2.to stop Ј 50 out of sb.'s pay — BE trattenere 50 sterline dallo stipendio di qcn
1) (halt) [person, vehicle, heart] fermarsi2) (cease) [person, discussion, bleeding] fermarsi, smettere, cessare; [pain, worry, battle] finire, cessare; [noise, rain] smettere3) BE colloq. (stay) fermarsi, rimanere3.to stop oneself — (restrain oneself) trattenersi
- stop by- stop in- stop off- stop out- stop up -
23 hitch
I [hɪtʃ]1) (problem) intoppo m., ostacolo m., difficoltà f.2) (knot) nodo m.II 1. [hɪtʃ]2) colloq. (thumb)2.verbo intransitivo colloq. fare l'autostop- hitch up••to get hitched — colloq. = sposarsi
* * *[hi ] 1. verb1) (to fasten to something: He hitched his horse to the fence-post; He hitched his car to his caravan.) attaccare, agganciare2) (to hitch-hike: I can't afford the train-fare to London - I'll have to hitch.) fare l'autostop2. noun1) (an unexpected problem or delay: The job was completed without a hitch.) intoppo2) (a kind of knot.) nodo3) (a sudden, short pull upwards: She gave her skirt a hitch.) strattone•- hitch-hiker
- hitch a lift/ride
- hitch up* * *[hɪtʃ]1. n(impediment, obstacle) intoppo, contrattempo, (difficulty) difficoltà f invwithout a hitch — senza intoppi, a gonfie vele
2. vtto get hitched fam — sposarsi
2) fam3. viSee:•- hitch up* * *hitch /hɪtʃ/n.1 colpo; strattone; balzo; sobbalzo: to give one's trousers a hitch, dare uno strattone ai calzoni; tirarsi su i calzoni4 (naut.) nodo5 (fig.) impedimento; intoppo; difficoltà; ostacolo: a slight hitch, un piccolo intoppo; The ceremony went off without a hitch, la cerimonia è filata via liscia (o senza difficoltà)(to) hitch /hɪtʃ/A v. i.2 attaccarsi; legarsi3 restare impigliato; impigliarsi4 ( slang) chiedere un passaggio ( in auto, ecc.); fare l'autostop: to hitch from coast to coast, fare la traversata degli Stati Uniti con l'autostop; We hitched to Rome, siamo andati a Roma in autostopB v. t.2 attaccare; agganciare; legare: to hitch a horse to a wagon, attaccare un cavallo a un carro; (ferr.) to hitch a goods wagon, agganciare un carro merci; to hitch a rope over a pole, legare una fune a un palo3 ( slang) ottenere ( un passaggio): to hitch a lift (o a ride) on a lorry, farsi dare un passaggio su un camion● (fig.) to hitch one's wagon to a star, legarsi a una persona importante per fare carriera □ ( slang) to get hitched, sposarsi; impiccarsi (fig. fam.).* * *I [hɪtʃ]1) (problem) intoppo m., ostacolo m., difficoltà f.2) (knot) nodo m.II 1. [hɪtʃ]2) colloq. (thumb)2.verbo intransitivo colloq. fare l'autostop- hitch up••to get hitched — colloq. = sposarsi
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24 Hope
I [həʊp]1) speranza f.to have high hopes of sb., sth. — avere grandi speranze per qcn., qcs.
to be beyond (all) o without hope essere senza speranza; to keep one's hopes high mantenere vive le proprie speranze; there are grounds for hope ci sono buone ragioni per sperare; to raise sb.'s hopes dare speranza a qcn.; to dash sb.'s hopes infrangere le speranze di qcn.; to have no hope of (doing) sth. non avere nessuna speranza di (fare) qcs.; there is little hope that ci sono poche speranze che; there is no hope of non ci sono speranze di; what a hope! some hope! colloq. magari! he hasn't got a hope in hell — colloq. non ha la benché minima speranza
2) (promising person) speranza f.II 1. [həʊp]verbo transitivo sperare (2.I only o just hope he remembers spero solo che si ricordi; I (do) hope so, not spero (proprio) di sì, di no; hoping to hear from you — (in letter) nella speranza di ricevere presto tue notizie
verbo intransitivo sperareto hope for sth. — sperare o confidare in qcs.
••to hope against hope — illudersi, coltivare vane speranze
* * *[həup] 1. verb(to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) sperare2. noun1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) speranza2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) speranza3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) speranza•- hopeful- hopefulness
- hopefully
- hopeless
- hopelessly
- hopelessness
- hope against hope
- hope for the best
- not have a hope
- not a hope
- raise someone's hopes* * *(First names) Hope /həʊp/f.* * *I [həʊp]1) speranza f.to have high hopes of sb., sth. — avere grandi speranze per qcn., qcs.
to be beyond (all) o without hope essere senza speranza; to keep one's hopes high mantenere vive le proprie speranze; there are grounds for hope ci sono buone ragioni per sperare; to raise sb.'s hopes dare speranza a qcn.; to dash sb.'s hopes infrangere le speranze di qcn.; to have no hope of (doing) sth. non avere nessuna speranza di (fare) qcs.; there is little hope that ci sono poche speranze che; there is no hope of non ci sono speranze di; what a hope! some hope! colloq. magari! he hasn't got a hope in hell — colloq. non ha la benché minima speranza
2) (promising person) speranza f.II 1. [həʊp]verbo transitivo sperare (2.I only o just hope he remembers spero solo che si ricordi; I (do) hope so, not spero (proprio) di sì, di no; hoping to hear from you — (in letter) nella speranza di ricevere presto tue notizie
verbo intransitivo sperareto hope for sth. — sperare o confidare in qcs.
••to hope against hope — illudersi, coltivare vane speranze
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25 by
I [baɪ]1) (showing agent, result) da2) (through the means of) in, per, conto begin by saying that — cominciare dicendo o col dire che
3) (according to, from evidence of) secondo, a4) (via, passing through) attraverso, per, tramite, da5) (near, beside) presso, vicino a, accanto a6) (past)to go o pass by sb. passare davanti o accanto a qcn.; they passed us by in their car ci sono passati davanti in macchina; let us get by — lasciateci passare
7) (showing authorship) di8) (before, not later than) per, entroby four o'clock — entro o per le quattro
by this time next week — la prossima settimana a quest'ora, di qui a una settimana
he ought to be here by now — ormai o a quest'ora dovrebbe essere qui
9) (during)by daylight — di giorno, alla luce del giorno
10) (according to)11) (to the extent or degree of) diprices have risen by 20% — i prezzi sono aumentati del 20%
12) (in measurements) per13) mat. (in multiplication, division) per14) (showing rate, quantity) a15) (in successive degrees, units)day by day — giorno per o dopo giorno, di giorno in giorno
one by one — uno a uno, uno alla volta
16) (with regard to) dihe is an architect by profession o trade di professione fa l'architetto; by birth — di nascita
17) (as a result of) perby chance — per caso, casualmente
19) mar. (in compass directions)II [baɪ]1) (past)the people walking by — la gente che passa, i passanti
2) (near) vicino, accanto3) (aside)••by and by — (in past) di lì a poco; (in future) presto, fra breve, tra poco
by the by by the bye incidentalmente, a proposito; but that's by the by — ma questo c'entra poco
* * *1. preposition1) (next to; near; at the side of: by the door; He sat by his sister.) presso2) (past: going by the house.) davanti3) (through; along; across: We came by the main road.) per, attraverso4) (used (in the passive voice) to show the person or thing which performs an action: struck by a stone.) da5) (using: He's going to contact us by letter; We travelled by train.) per, in6) (from; through the means of: I met her by chance; by post.) per7) ((of time) not later than: by 6 o'clock.) per, entro8) (during the time of.) di9) (to the extent of: taller by ten centimetres.) di10) (used to give measurements etc: 4 metres by 2 metres.) per11) (in quantities of: fruit sold by the kilo.) a, al12) (in respect of: a teacher by profession.) di2. adverb1) (near: They stood by and watched.) vicino2) (past: A dog ran by.) di qui3) (aside; away: money put by for an emergency.) da parte, via•- bypass 3. verb(to avoid (a place) by taking such a road.) fare una deviazione- bystander
- by and by
- by and large
- by oneself
- by the way* * *I [baɪ]1) (showing agent, result) da2) (through the means of) in, per, conto begin by saying that — cominciare dicendo o col dire che
3) (according to, from evidence of) secondo, a4) (via, passing through) attraverso, per, tramite, da5) (near, beside) presso, vicino a, accanto a6) (past)to go o pass by sb. passare davanti o accanto a qcn.; they passed us by in their car ci sono passati davanti in macchina; let us get by — lasciateci passare
7) (showing authorship) di8) (before, not later than) per, entroby four o'clock — entro o per le quattro
by this time next week — la prossima settimana a quest'ora, di qui a una settimana
he ought to be here by now — ormai o a quest'ora dovrebbe essere qui
9) (during)by daylight — di giorno, alla luce del giorno
10) (according to)11) (to the extent or degree of) diprices have risen by 20% — i prezzi sono aumentati del 20%
12) (in measurements) per13) mat. (in multiplication, division) per14) (showing rate, quantity) a15) (in successive degrees, units)day by day — giorno per o dopo giorno, di giorno in giorno
one by one — uno a uno, uno alla volta
16) (with regard to) dihe is an architect by profession o trade di professione fa l'architetto; by birth — di nascita
17) (as a result of) perby chance — per caso, casualmente
19) mar. (in compass directions)II [baɪ]1) (past)the people walking by — la gente che passa, i passanti
2) (near) vicino, accanto3) (aside)••by and by — (in past) di lì a poco; (in future) presto, fra breve, tra poco
by the by by the bye incidentalmente, a proposito; but that's by the by — ma questo c'entra poco
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26 Black
I 1. [blæk]to paint sth. black — pitturare qcs. di nero
to turn black — diventare nero, annerirsi
a black man, woman — un uomo, una donna di colore
3) (without milk) [ coffee] nero; [ tea] senza latte4) (dirty) [face, towel] nero6) (gloomy) [mood, thoughts] nero, tetro; [ picture] nero, a tinte fosche; [ despair] cupo; [ future] fosco; [ news] funesto; [ day] nero2.1) (colour) nero m.3) econ.to be in the black — essere in credito o in attivo
4) (in chess, draughts) nero m., neri m.pl.; (in roulette) nero m.; (in snooker or pool) (palla) nera f.••to beat sb. black and blue — fare qcn. nero di botte
II [blæk]to give sb. a black eye — fare un occhio nero a qcn
1) (put black onto) annerire, sporcare [sb.'s face, hands]; lucidare (di nero) [ boots]2) BE (boycott) boicottare•* * *[blæk] 1. adjective1) (of the colour in which these words are printed: black paint.) nero2) (without light: a black night; The night was black and starless.) nero, scuro3) (dirty: Your hands are black!; black hands from lifting coal.) nero4) (without milk: black coffee.) nero5) (evil: black magic.) nero6) ((often offensive: currently acceptable in the United States, South Africa etc) Negro, of African, West Indian descent.) negro7) ((especially South Africa) coloured; of mixed descent (increasingly used by people of mixed descent to refer to themselves).) nero2. noun1) (the colour in which these words are printed: Black and white are opposites.) nero2) (something (eg paint) black in colour: I've used up all the black.) nero3) ((often with capital: often offensive: currently acceptable in the United states, South Africa etc) a Negro; a person of African, West Indian etc descent.) negro, nero3. verb(to make black.) annerire- blacken
- black art/magic
- blackbird
- blackboard
- black box
- the Black Death
- black eye
- blackhead
- blacklist 4. verb(to put (a person etc) on such a list.) mettere sulla lista nera5. noun(the act of blackmailing: money got by blackmail.) ricatto- Black Maria
- black market
- black marketeer
- blackout
- black sheep
- blacksmith
- black and blue
- black out
- in black and white* * *(Surnames) Black /blæk/* * *I 1. [blæk]to paint sth. black — pitturare qcs. di nero
to turn black — diventare nero, annerirsi
a black man, woman — un uomo, una donna di colore
3) (without milk) [ coffee] nero; [ tea] senza latte4) (dirty) [face, towel] nero6) (gloomy) [mood, thoughts] nero, tetro; [ picture] nero, a tinte fosche; [ despair] cupo; [ future] fosco; [ news] funesto; [ day] nero2.1) (colour) nero m.3) econ.to be in the black — essere in credito o in attivo
4) (in chess, draughts) nero m., neri m.pl.; (in roulette) nero m.; (in snooker or pool) (palla) nera f.••to beat sb. black and blue — fare qcn. nero di botte
II [blæk]to give sb. a black eye — fare un occhio nero a qcn
1) (put black onto) annerire, sporcare [sb.'s face, hands]; lucidare (di nero) [ boots]2) BE (boycott) boicottare• -
27 idle
I ['aɪdl]3) (without occupation) [ person] sfaccendato; [day, moment] di ozio4) (not functioning) [port, mine, machine] fermo, inattivoto lie o stand idle — [machine, factory] rimanere fermo; [ land] rimanere incolto
••II ['aɪdl]the devil makes work for idle hands — prov. l'ozio è il padre di tutti i vizi
verbo intransitivo [ engine] girare al minimo* * *1. adjective1) (not working; not in use: ships lying idle in the harbour.) inattivo2) (lazy: He has work to do, but he's idle and just sits around.) pigro, ozioso3) (having no effect or result: idle threats.) vano4) (unnecessary; without good reason or foundation: idle fears; idle gossip.) futile, inutile2. verb1) (to be idle or do nothing: On holiday they just idled from morning till night.) oziare2) (of an engine etc, to run gently without doing any work: They kept the car engine idling while they checked their position with the map.) (girare al minimo)•- idler- idleness
- idly
- idle away* * *['aɪdl]1) (lazy: student) pigro (-a), poltrone (-a), (inactive: machine, factory, workers) inattivo (-a), (unemployed: worker) disoccupato (-a)to stand or lie idle — (factory, machine) rimaner fermo (-a) or inattivo (-a)
2) (fear, speculation) infondato (-a), (gossip, pleasures) futile, (question) ozioso (-a), (threat) campato (-a) in aria2. vi•* * *idle /ˈaɪdl/A a.3 (fig.) ozioso; inutile; futile; vano: an idle question, una domanda oziosa (o inutile); idle tears, lacrime vane; an idle wish, un desiderio vano5 (poet.) fermo; immobileB n.● (fin.) idle balances, saldi monetari infruttiferi □ (fin.) idle capital, capitale inattivo □ idle curiosity, curiosità oziosa □ (fin.) idle money, moneta inattiva □ idle pulley, puleggia folle □ idle rumours, voci infondate □ (autom., mecc.) idle speed, minimo □ (autom.) idle speed cut-off, interruzione del flusso del carburante in fase di rilascio □ (mecc.) idle stroke, corsa a vuoto □ idle time, (cronot.) tempo d'attesa (o d'ozio); (comput.) tempo d'inattività □ idle wheel, ruota di rinvio □ (autom., mecc.) at idle speed, al minimo; ( anche) in fase di rilascio □ (fin.) to lie idle, essere infruttifero.(to) idle /ˈaɪdl/A v. i.1 oziare; pigrire, impigrirsiB v. t.2 – to idle away, sciupare (o sprecare) nell'ozio: Don't idle away the years of your youth, non sprecare la gioventù nell'ozio* * *I ['aɪdl]3) (without occupation) [ person] sfaccendato; [day, moment] di ozio4) (not functioning) [port, mine, machine] fermo, inattivoto lie o stand idle — [machine, factory] rimanere fermo; [ land] rimanere incolto
••II ['aɪdl]the devil makes work for idle hands — prov. l'ozio è il padre di tutti i vizi
verbo intransitivo [ engine] girare al minimo -
28 reference
I ['refərəns]1) (allusion) riferimento m., allusione f.to make reference to — fare riferimento a, menzionare
to do sth. without reference to sb., sth. — fare qcs. senza consultare qcn., qcs.
"for reference only" — (on library book) "solo per consultazione"
for future reference, dogs are not allowed — per il futuro, è vietato l'ingresso ai cani
for easy reference,... — per una consultazione più facile,...
without reference to — senza tenere conto di [statistics, needs]
3) (anche reference mark) segno m. di rinvio, rimando m.4) comm. (on letter, memo) riferimento m.5) (referee) referenza f.6) ling. riferimento m.7) geogr.8) with reference to in riferimento aII ['refərəns]with reference to your letter, request — in riferimento alla vostra lettera, richiesta
verbo transitivo fornire le fonti di [book, article]* * *['refərəns]1) ((an) act of referring (to something); a mention (of something): He made several references to her latest book; With reference to your request for information, I regret to inform you that I am unable to help you.) riferimento2) (a note about one's character, ability etc, eg when one applies for a new job: Our new secretary had excellent references from her previous employers.) referenze3) (an indication in a book, report etc, showing where one got one's information or where further information can be found.) rimando, rinvio* * *I ['refərəns]1) (allusion) riferimento m., allusione f.to make reference to — fare riferimento a, menzionare
to do sth. without reference to sb., sth. — fare qcs. senza consultare qcn., qcs.
"for reference only" — (on library book) "solo per consultazione"
for future reference, dogs are not allowed — per il futuro, è vietato l'ingresso ai cani
for easy reference,... — per una consultazione più facile,...
without reference to — senza tenere conto di [statistics, needs]
3) (anche reference mark) segno m. di rinvio, rimando m.4) comm. (on letter, memo) riferimento m.5) (referee) referenza f.6) ling. riferimento m.7) geogr.8) with reference to in riferimento aII ['refərəns]with reference to your letter, request — in riferimento alla vostra lettera, richiesta
verbo transitivo fornire le fonti di [book, article] -
29 encouragement
[ɪn'kʌrɪdʒmənt]to give encouragement to sb. — incoraggiare qcn.
to be an encouragement to sb. — essere di incoraggiamento per qcn.
* * *noun words of encouragement; He must be given every encouragement.) incoraggiamento* * *encouragement► to encourage* * *[ɪn'kʌrɪdʒmənt]to give encouragement to sb. — incoraggiare qcn.
to be an encouragement to sb. — essere di incoraggiamento per qcn.
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30 minus
['maɪnəs] 1.1) mat. meno m.2) (disadvantage) svantaggio m.2.1) mat. [ sign] meno; [number, value] negativo2) (disadvantageous) [factor, side] negativo3.1) mat. meno2) scherz. (without) senza* * *1. preposition(used to show subtraction: Ten minus two equals eight (10 - 2 = 8).) meno2. noun((also minus sign) a sign (-) used to show subtraction or negative quality.) meno, segno meno3. adjective(negative or less than zero: a minus number; Twelve from ten equals minus two (10 - 12 = -2).) negativo* * *minus /ˈmaɪnəs/A prep.B a.(mat.) negativo: a minus quantity, una quantità negativa (per es., –3)C n. (mat.)● minus sign, segno meno; (un) meno.* * *['maɪnəs] 1.1) mat. meno m.2) (disadvantage) svantaggio m.2.1) mat. [ sign] meno; [number, value] negativo2) (disadvantageous) [factor, side] negativo3.1) mat. meno2) scherz. (without) senza -
31 mooch
I [muːtʃ]nome AE scroccone m. (-a)II [muːtʃ]to mooch sth. from o off sb. — scroccare qcs. a qcn
* * *[mu: ]( slang)1) (to wander about (as if) without any purpose: There are no places of entertainment here, so they just mooch around at night.) bighellonare, gironzolare2) ((American) to get a drink, money etc by asking someone to give it to you without intending to return it; to sponge: He is always mooching cigarettes; She keeps mooching off her friends.) scroccare* * *mooch /mu:tʃ/n.(to) mooch /mu:tʃ/A v. t. ( slang)1 rubare; sgraffignareB v. i.* * *I [muːtʃ]nome AE scroccone m. (-a)II [muːtʃ]to mooch sth. from o off sb. — scroccare qcs. a qcn
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32 OR
[ɔː(r)]2) (linking two clear alternatives) o, oppureeither... or... — o... o...
rain or no rain, we're going out — pioggia o non pioggia noi usciamo
5) (introducing qualification, correction, explanation) oI knew her, or at least I thought I did! — la conoscevo, o almeno credevo di conoscerla!
my daughter, or rather our daughter — mia figlia, anzi nostra figlia
X, or should I say, Mr X — X, o dovrei dire il signor X
6) (otherwise) o, altrimentibe careful or you'll cut yourself — fai attenzione, se no ti tagli
••do as you're told - or else! — colloq. fai come ti dico, altrimenti o se no (vedrai)!
Note:In most uses or is translated by o or oppure. There are two exceptions to this: when used to link alternatives after a negative verb, the translation is né... né: I can't come today or tomorrow = non posso venire né oggi né domani (for more examples and their translations, see 3 below); when used to indicate consequence or explanation, the translation is (o) altrimenti: it can't be serious or she'd have called us = non dev'essere una cosa seria, altrimenti ci avrebbe chiamati (see 6 below). - Please note the Italian translations of the expressions or something, or somebody and or somewhere: I'd like to eat a sandwich or something = vorrei mangiare un panino, o qualcosa del genere / vorrei mangiare qualcosa, ad esempio un panino; I want to speak to the manager or somebody = vorrei parlare con il direttore o qualcun altro; let's go to the cinema or somewhere = andiamo al cinema, o da qualche altra parte / andiamo da qualche parte, magari al cinema. - For the uses of or after either and whether, see 2 in the entry below and the entries either and whether* * *[o:]1) (used to show an alternative: Is that your book or is it mine?) o2) (because if not: Hurry or you'll be late.) altrimenti•- or so* * *abbr AmPost, (= Oregon)* * *ORsigla* * *[ɔː(r)]2) (linking two clear alternatives) o, oppureeither... or... — o... o...
rain or no rain, we're going out — pioggia o non pioggia noi usciamo
5) (introducing qualification, correction, explanation) oI knew her, or at least I thought I did! — la conoscevo, o almeno credevo di conoscerla!
my daughter, or rather our daughter — mia figlia, anzi nostra figlia
X, or should I say, Mr X — X, o dovrei dire il signor X
6) (otherwise) o, altrimentibe careful or you'll cut yourself — fai attenzione, se no ti tagli
••do as you're told - or else! — colloq. fai come ti dico, altrimenti o se no (vedrai)!
Note:In most uses or is translated by o or oppure. There are two exceptions to this: when used to link alternatives after a negative verb, the translation is né... né: I can't come today or tomorrow = non posso venire né oggi né domani (for more examples and their translations, see 3 below); when used to indicate consequence or explanation, the translation is (o) altrimenti: it can't be serious or she'd have called us = non dev'essere una cosa seria, altrimenti ci avrebbe chiamati (see 6 below). - Please note the Italian translations of the expressions or something, or somebody and or somewhere: I'd like to eat a sandwich or something = vorrei mangiare un panino, o qualcosa del genere / vorrei mangiare qualcosa, ad esempio un panino; I want to speak to the manager or somebody = vorrei parlare con il direttore o qualcun altro; let's go to the cinema or somewhere = andiamo al cinema, o da qualche altra parte / andiamo da qualche parte, magari al cinema. - For the uses of or after either and whether, see 2 in the entry below and the entries either and whether -
33 parallel
I 1. ['pærəlel]1) mat. parallela f.2) geogr. parallelo m.3) (comparison) parallelo m. (to con)to be on a parallel with sth. — essere paragonabile a qcs.
2.without parallel — senza pari o paragone
1) mat. parallelo (to, with a)3) (simultaneous) parallelo (to, with a)4) inform. [printer, transfer] in parallelo3. II ['pærəlel]verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - ll- BE, -l- AE) (equal) uguagliare; (find a comparison) trovare un equivalente a* * *['pærəlel] 1. adjective1) ((of straight lines) going in the same direction and always staying the same distance apart: The road is parallel to/with the river.) parallelo2) (alike (in some way): There are parallel passages in the two books.) parallelo2. adverb(in the same direction but always about the same distance away: We sailed parallel to the coast for several days.) parallelo, parallelamente3. noun1) (a line parallel to another: Draw a parallel to this line.) parallela2) (a likeness or state of being alike: Is there a parallel between the British Empire and the Roman Empire?) parallelo, analogia3) (a line drawn from east to west across a map etc at a fixed distance from the equator: The border between Canada and the United States follows the forty-ninth parallel.) parallelo4. verb(to be equal to: His stupidity can't be paralleled.) eguagliare* * *parallel /ˈpærəlɛl/A a.1 parallelo ( anche geom.): Take the road parallel to the river, prendi la strada parallela al fiume3 (fig.) analogo; parallelo; concordante; simileB n.1 (geom.) parallela2 (geogr., comput.) parallelo3 (fig.) parallelo; paragone; confronto: to draw a parallel between two things, fare un parallelo fra due cose4 (mil.) parallela; trincea parallela alle linee nemiche5 (pl.) (tipogr.) sbarrette parallele● ( atletica) parallel bars, parallele □ (comm. est.) parallel imports, importazioni parallele □ (comm., econ.) parallel market, mercato parallelo □ (comput.) parallel port, (porta) parallela □ (comput.) parallel printer, stampante parallela □ (naut.) parallel rule (o ruler), parallelo a rulli ( per tracciare rotte) □ in parallel, in parallelo; (fig.) nello stesso tempo; contestualmente.(to) parallel /ˈpærəlɛl/v. t.2 essere (o correre) parallelo a: The highway parallels the railway, la strada corre parallela alla ferrovia4 essere l'equivalente di; eguagliare* * *I 1. ['pærəlel]1) mat. parallela f.2) geogr. parallelo m.3) (comparison) parallelo m. (to con)to be on a parallel with sth. — essere paragonabile a qcs.
2.without parallel — senza pari o paragone
1) mat. parallelo (to, with a)3) (simultaneous) parallelo (to, with a)4) inform. [printer, transfer] in parallelo3. II ['pærəlel]verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - ll- BE, -l- AE) (equal) uguagliare; (find a comparison) trovare un equivalente a -
34 protest
I 1. ['prəʊtest]1) U (disapproval) protesta f.in protest — per protesta, in segno di protesta (at o against contro)
under protest — malvolentieri, controvoglia
as a protest against o at sth. — per protestare contro qcs
3) (demonstration) manifestazione f. di protesta4) dir. protesto m.2.modificatore [march, movement, song] di protestaII 1. [prə'test]1) (complain)"that's unfair!" they protested — "non è giusto!" protestarono
3) AE (complain about) manifestare contro (to con, presso)4) econ. dir. protestare [ bill]2.1) (complain) protestare (about, at, over per; to con, presso)2) (demonstrate) manifestare, fare una manifestazione di protesta ( against contro)* * *1. [prə'test] verb1) (to express a strong objection: They are protesting against the new law.) protestare2) (to state or declare definitely, especially in denying something: She protested that she was innocent.) protestare, affermare2. ['proutest] noun(a strong statement or demonstration of objection or disapproval: He made no protest; ( also adjective) a protest march.) protesta; di protesta* * *protest /ˈprəʊtɛst/n.1 ( anche polit.) protesta; manifestazione (di protesta): to make (o to lodge) a protest, fare (o presentare) una protesta; a public protest, una protesta pubblica; a vehement protest, una violenta protesta● protest march, corteo di protesta □ protest meeting, riunione di protesta □ protest song, canzone di protesta □ protest vote, voto di protesta □ (ass., naut.) ship's protest, dichiarazione d'avaria □ under protest, malvolentieri; contro la propria volontà; (leg.) con riserva.♦ (to) protest /prəˈtɛst/v. t. e i.1 protestare; affermare, dichiarare solennemente: to protest one's innocence, protestare la propria innocenza● to protest too much, negare qc. con troppo entusiasmo ( facendo sospettare che sia vero il contrario) □ ( di cambiale) to be protested, andare in protesto.* * *I 1. ['prəʊtest]1) U (disapproval) protesta f.in protest — per protesta, in segno di protesta (at o against contro)
under protest — malvolentieri, controvoglia
as a protest against o at sth. — per protestare contro qcs
3) (demonstration) manifestazione f. di protesta4) dir. protesto m.2.modificatore [march, movement, song] di protestaII 1. [prə'test]1) (complain)"that's unfair!" they protested — "non è giusto!" protestarono
3) AE (complain about) manifestare contro (to con, presso)4) econ. dir. protestare [ bill]2.1) (complain) protestare (about, at, over per; to con, presso)2) (demonstrate) manifestare, fare una manifestazione di protesta ( against contro) -
35 squeak
I [skwiːk]1) (of door, wheel, mechanism) cigolio m.; (of chalk) stridio m.; (of mouse, soft toy) squittio m.; (of furniture, shoes) scricchiolio m.; (of infant) vagito m.without a squeak — colloq. [ accept] senza fiatare
there wasn't a squeak from her — colloq. non ha fiatato
2) colloq. (escape)II [skwiːk]verbo intransitivo [ child] strillare, urlare; [door, wheel] cigolare; [ chalk] stridere; [mouse, toy] squittire; [shoes, furniture] scricchiolare* * *[skwi:k] 1. noun(a shrill cry or sound: the squeaks of the mice/puppies.) squittio; guaito, pigolio2. verb(to make a shrill cry or sound: The door-hinge is squeaking.) scricchiolare; squittire- squeaky- squeakily
- squeakiness* * *[skwiːk]1. n2. vi(see n), cigolare; scricchiolare; squittire; emettere un gridolino* * *squeak /skwi:k/n.● (fam.) to have a close (o narrow) squeak, salvarsi per il rotto della cuffia; scamparla per un pelo.(to) squeak /skwi:k/A v. i.2 ( di cosa) cigolare; scricchiolare: The floorboards squeaked, le assi del pavimento scricchiolavano3 (fam.) fare la spia; cantare, soffiare, spifferare (fam.)B v. t.dire con voce stridula; strillare● (fam.) to squeak by, farcela a stento, cavarsela appena □ (fam.) to squeak through, cavarsela per un soffio; scamparla per un pelo.* * *I [skwiːk]1) (of door, wheel, mechanism) cigolio m.; (of chalk) stridio m.; (of mouse, soft toy) squittio m.; (of furniture, shoes) scricchiolio m.; (of infant) vagito m.without a squeak — colloq. [ accept] senza fiatare
there wasn't a squeak from her — colloq. non ha fiatato
2) colloq. (escape)II [skwiːk]verbo intransitivo [ child] strillare, urlare; [door, wheel] cigolare; [ chalk] stridere; [mouse, toy] squittire; [shoes, furniture] scricchiolare -
36 absent
I ['æbsənt]1) (not there) [ person] assente; [ thing] mancante2) mil.3) [ look] assenteII [əb'sent]verbo riflessivo form.* * *1. ['æbsənt] adjective(not present: Johnny was absent from school with a cold.) assente2. [əb'sent] verb(to keep (oneself) away: He absented himself from the meeting.) assentarsi- absence- absentee
- absenteeism
- absent-minded
- absentmindedly
- absent-mindedness* * *I ['æbsənt]1) (not there) [ person] assente; [ thing] mancante2) mil.3) [ look] assenteII [əb'sent]verbo riflessivo form. -
37 another
[ə'nʌðə(r)] 1.1) (an additional) un altro, ancora unoit was another ten years before they met again — passarono altri dieci anni prima che si incontrassero di nuovo
and another thing,... — e un'altra cosa
2) (a different) un altroto put it another way... — per dirla in altri termini...
3) (new)2.another Garbo — una nuova, una seconda Garbo
pronome un altro, un'altraimagining things is one thing, creating them is quite another — un conto è ideare le cose, un conto è realizzarle
* * *adjective, pronoun1) (a different (thing or person): This letter isn't from Tom - it's from another friend of mine; The coat I bought was dirty, so the shop gave me another.) un altro, un'altra2) ((one) more of the same kind: Have another biscuit!; You didn't tell me you wanted another of those!) un altro, un'altra* * *[ə'nʌðə(r)] 1.1) (an additional) un altro, ancora unoit was another ten years before they met again — passarono altri dieci anni prima che si incontrassero di nuovo
and another thing,... — e un'altra cosa
2) (a different) un altroto put it another way... — per dirla in altri termini...
3) (new)2.another Garbo — una nuova, una seconda Garbo
pronome un altro, un'altraimagining things is one thing, creating them is quite another — un conto è ideare le cose, un conto è realizzarle
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38 either
['aɪðər] [AE 'iːðər] 1.1) (one or the other) l'uno o l'altro2) (both)either way, you win — in un modo o nell'altro vinci
2.either way, it will be difficult — in ogni caso sarà difficile
1) (one or other) l'uno o l'altro, l'una o l'altra"which book do you want?" - "either" — "quale libro vuoi?" - "fa lo stesso"
I don't like either (of them) — non mi piace né l'uno né l'altro o nessuno dei due
there was no sound from either of the rooms — non proveniva nessun rumore né da una camera né dall'altra
2) (both)3.avverbio neanche, nemmeno, neppure4.not only was it expensive, but it didn't work either — non solo era caro ma nemmeno funzionava
put the gun down, either that or I call the police — posa la pistola altrimenti chiamo la polizia
* * *1. pronoun(the one or the other of two: You may borrow either of these books; I offered him coffee or tea, but he didn't want either.) l'uno o l'altro; entrambi; nessuno dei due, né l'uno né l'altro2. adjective1) (the one or the other (of two things, people etc): He can write with either hand.) entrambi, l'uno o l'altro2) (the one and the other (of two things, people etc); both: at either side of the garden.) ambedue, entrambi3. adverb1) (used for emphasis: If you don't go, I won't either.) neanche, nemmeno2) (moreover; besides: I used to sing, and I hadn't a bad voice, either.) neppure•- either way* * *['aɪðər] [AE 'iːðər] 1.1) (one or the other) l'uno o l'altro2) (both)either way, you win — in un modo o nell'altro vinci
2.either way, it will be difficult — in ogni caso sarà difficile
1) (one or other) l'uno o l'altro, l'una o l'altra"which book do you want?" - "either" — "quale libro vuoi?" - "fa lo stesso"
I don't like either (of them) — non mi piace né l'uno né l'altro o nessuno dei due
there was no sound from either of the rooms — non proveniva nessun rumore né da una camera né dall'altra
2) (both)3.avverbio neanche, nemmeno, neppure4.not only was it expensive, but it didn't work either — non solo era caro ma nemmeno funzionava
put the gun down, either that or I call the police — posa la pistola altrimenti chiamo la polizia
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39 fear
I [fɪə(r)]1) (fright) paura f., timore m.I couldn't move for, from fear — non riuscivo a muovermi per la, dalla paura
for fear of waking them o that they would wake up per paura di svegliarli o che si svegliassero; to live o go in fear of one's life temere per la propria vita; he lives in fear of being found out o that he will be found out — vive nel terrore di essere scoperto
2) (worry) paura f., ansia f.fears are growing for, that — c'è un crescente timore o si teme sempre di più per, che
there's no fear of him o his being late non c'è pericolo che lui sia in ritardo; no fear! — non c'è pericolo!
••II 1. [fɪə(r)]verbo transitivo avere paura di, temereI fear (that) she may be dead — ho paura o temo che sia morta
2.I fear so — (to positive question) temo di sì; (to negative question) temo di no
to fear for sth., sb. — avere paura o temere per qcs., qcn.
* * *[fiə] 1. noun((a) feeling of great worry or anxiety caused by the knowledge of danger: The soldier tried not to show his fear; fear of water.) paura2. verb1) (to feel fear because of (something): She feared her father when he was angry; I fear for my father's safety (= I am worried because I think he is in danger).) avere paura2) (to regret: I fear you will not be able to see him today.) temere•- fearful- fearfully
- fearless
- fearlessly
- for fear of
- in fear of* * *I [fɪə(r)]1) (fright) paura f., timore m.I couldn't move for, from fear — non riuscivo a muovermi per la, dalla paura
for fear of waking them o that they would wake up per paura di svegliarli o che si svegliassero; to live o go in fear of one's life temere per la propria vita; he lives in fear of being found out o that he will be found out — vive nel terrore di essere scoperto
2) (worry) paura f., ansia f.fears are growing for, that — c'è un crescente timore o si teme sempre di più per, che
there's no fear of him o his being late non c'è pericolo che lui sia in ritardo; no fear! — non c'è pericolo!
••II 1. [fɪə(r)]verbo transitivo avere paura di, temereI fear (that) she may be dead — ho paura o temo che sia morta
2.I fear so — (to positive question) temo di sì; (to negative question) temo di no
to fear for sth., sb. — avere paura o temere per qcs., qcn.
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40 further
I 1. ['fɜːðə(r)]1) (to or at a greater distance) (anche farther) più lontanoI can't go any further — non posso più andare avanti, oltre
further back, forward — più indietro, avanti
further away o off più lontano, più in là; further on ancora più lontano, in là; I'll go so far but no further fig. più in là di così non vado; we're further forward than we thought fig. siamo più avanti di quanto pensassimo; nothing could be further from the truth — niente potrebbe essere più lontano dalla verità
2) (in time)3) (to a greater extent) ulteriormente4) (furthermore) inoltre, in più5) further to form. facendo seguito a2.1) (additional)a further 10%, 50 people — un altro 10%, altre 50 persone
to have no further use for sth. — non avere più bisogno di qcs.
without further delay — senza ulteriori ritardi, senza indugio
2) (more distant) (anche farther)II ['fɜːðə(r)]* * *['fə:ðə] 1. adverb((sometimes farther) at or to a great distance or degree: I cannot go any further.) più lontano, oltre2. adverb, adjective(more; in addition: I cannot explain further; There is no further news.) oltre, ulteriore3. verb(to help (something) to proceed or go forward quickly: He furthered our plans.) agevolare, favorire- furthest* * *I 1. ['fɜːðə(r)]1) (to or at a greater distance) (anche farther) più lontanoI can't go any further — non posso più andare avanti, oltre
further back, forward — più indietro, avanti
further away o off più lontano, più in là; further on ancora più lontano, in là; I'll go so far but no further fig. più in là di così non vado; we're further forward than we thought fig. siamo più avanti di quanto pensassimo; nothing could be further from the truth — niente potrebbe essere più lontano dalla verità
2) (in time)3) (to a greater extent) ulteriormente4) (furthermore) inoltre, in più5) further to form. facendo seguito a2.1) (additional)a further 10%, 50 people — un altro 10%, altre 50 persone
to have no further use for sth. — non avere più bisogno di qcs.
without further delay — senza ulteriori ritardi, senza indugio
2) (more distant) (anche farther)II ['fɜːðə(r)]
См. также в других словарях:
from without — From the outside • • • Main Entry: ↑without … Useful english dictionary
lysis from without — lysis from without. См. лизис извне. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) … Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.
applied from without — index extrinsic Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
coming from without — index extraneous Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
derived from without — index extraneous, extrinsic Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
without — [with out′, without′] adv. [ME withuten < OE withutan < with, WITH + utan, from outside, without < ut, OUT] 1. on the outside; externally 2. outside a building or place; out of doors prep. 1. Now Rare at, on, to, or toward the outside of … English World dictionary
without — prep. & adv. prep. 1 not having, feeling, or showing (came without any money; without hesitation; without any emotion). 2 with freedom from (without fear; without embarrassment). 3 in the absence of (cannot live without you; the train left… … Useful english dictionary
without — /widh owt , with /, prep. 1. with the absence, omission, or avoidance of; not with; with no or none of; lacking: without help; without shoes; without her helping me; without him to help. 2. free from; excluding: a world without hunger. 3. not… … Universalium
without — I. preposition Etymology: Middle English withoute, from Old English withūtan, from with + ūtan outside, from ūt out more at out Date: before 12th century 1. outside 2. used as a function word to indicate the absence or lack of something or… … New Collegiate Dictionary
without — with•out [[t]wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ [/t]] prep. 1) with the absence, omission, or avoidance of; not with; with no or none of; lacking: without help; without shoes; without you to help[/ex] 2) free from; excluding: a world without hunger[/ex] 3) cvb not… … From formal English to slang
without — 1. adverb /wɪθˈaʊt,wɪðˈaʊt/ a) outside, externally 1904: I knew that someone had entered the house cautiously from without. Arthur Conan Doyle, ‘The Adventure of the Golden Pince Nez’ (Norton 2005, p.1100) b) Lacking something. c.1600s: Macbeth:… … Wiktionary