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françois+1

  • 21 coup

    n. m. When one takes a broad look at the word coup, it soon becomes obvious that its many diverse uses and combined expressions come under three main categories.
    (A): Blow (in the literal and figurative).
    1. En venir aux coups: To come to blows.
    2. Coup de boule: 'Head-butt', blow inflicted with the head in opponent's belly.
    3. Le coup du lapin: Blow on the back of the neck.
    4. Coup de Jarnac: Treacherous blow, disloyal attack.
    5. Le coup du père François: Strangulation.
    6. Coup de Trafalgar: Disastrous turn of events.
    7. Coup de châsse: 'Quick butchers', peep, quick look.
    8. Coup de filet: Dragnet, police raid.
    9. Coup de balai: Clear-out. Donner un coup de balai (fig.): To make room for new ideas.
    10. Coup de torchon: 'Barney', heated argument.
    11. Tirer un coup: To fuck, to 'screw', to have intercourse. Coup de Bourse (joc.): Intercourse. (The pun here is on the word Bourse meaning both the Stock Exchange and testicle; the standard non-colloquial expression denotes a successful flutter on the Stock Exchange.)
    12. Coup de fil: 'Buzz', 'ring', telephone call.
    13. Coup dur: Serious setback. La vie pour lui a été une succession de coups durs: It's just been one blow after another for him all his life.
    14. C'est un sale coup ( pour la fanfare): That's really bad luck, that is!
    15. Faire les quatre cents coups: To 'burn the candle at both ends', to lead a fast life.
    (B): Dose, measure, quantity.
    1. Boire un coup: To have a drink.
    2. En avoir un coup (also: avoir un coup dans l'aile): To be 'squiffy', 'tipsy', to be slightly drunk.
    3. En mettre un coup (of work): To 'do one's darnedest', to 'put one's back into it', to make an extra effort.
    4. Tenir le coup: To stand the pace, to weather the storm. Il n'a qu'à tenir le coup comme les autres: He'll just have to grin and bear it like the rest of us.
    5. Faire quelque chose en trois coups de cuiller a pot: To do something 'in two shakes of a lamb's tail', double-quick.
    6. Ne pas en ficher un coup: To do 'fuck-all', to be darned lazy.
    7. Coup de pot: Stroke of luck.
    8. Prendre un coup de vieux: To age considerably over a short period of time.
    9. Coup de fusil (at restaurant): Exorbitant bill. On a eu droit à un de ces coups de fusil carabinés: The bill we got looked like the balance of payments deficit!
    10. Coup de pouce: Help, assistance. Donner un coup de pouce a quelqu'un: To give someone a shove in the right direction. (C): Knack, trick.
    11. Avoir le coup: To have the knack. Il a le coup pour draguer les nanas! He certainly knows how to pull the birds!
    12. Etre au coup: To 'know the score', to 'know the ropes', to be familiar with the workings of something.
    13. Etre dans le coup: To be 'in on something', to be involved in something.
    14. Expliquer le coup (to accomplices): To divulge the plan.
    15. Faire le coup a quelqu'un: To play the trick on someone. Il m'a fait le coup du 'portefeuille dans l'autre veston': He got money out of me with that age-old 'I forgot my wallet' dodge.
    16. Monter un coup: To engineer a confidence trick. On a monté un coup fumant: That con was a cracker!
    17. Coup d'arnac: Fraud, swindle.
    18. Le coup classique: That old, old trick.
    19. Coup fourré: 'Major cock-up', big blunder.

    Dictionary of Modern Colloquial French > coup

  • 22 essoreuse

    n. f.
    1. 'Prozzy', prostitute.
    2. Noisy motorbike. (This meaning is only attested in François Caradec's DICTIONNAIRE DU FRANÇAIS ARGOTIQUE ET POPULAIRE.)

    Dictionary of Modern Colloquial French > essoreuse

  • 23 négresse

    n. f.
    1. 'Bounder', flea (the variety that frequents humans rather than animals).
    2. Bottle of 'plonk', of cheap dark red wine. (This word only seems to have survived in the expression étouffer une négresse: to down a bottle of plonk.)
    3. (Restaurateurs' slang): Large capacity chip-fryer. (The only lexicographical reference to this meaning of the word is to be found in François Caradec's DICTIONNAIRE DU FRANÇAIS ARGOTIQUE ET POPULAIRE.)

    Dictionary of Modern Colloquial French > négresse

  • 24 sous-tasse

    n. m. Unfortunate individual who usually ends up by paying the bill where a round of heavy boozing is concerned. (François Caradec in his DICTIONNAIRE DU FRANÇAIS ARGOTIQUE ET POPULAIRE makes the word out to be feminine and defines it as the gullible 'punter' who foots a prostitute's drinks bill.)

    Dictionary of Modern Colloquial French > sous-tasse

  • 25 strobus

    n. m. (Junk/antique dealers' slang): 'White elephant', unsaleable item. (François Caradec's DICTIONNAIRE DU FRANÇAIS ASGOTIQUE ET POPULAIRE is the only work to formally lexicalize this otherwise seldom encountered word.)

    Dictionary of Modern Colloquial French > strobus

  • 26 Aubry, Martine

       b.1950
       Daughter of Jacques Delors, Martine Aubry is a French socialist politician, elected as leader of the Socialist Party (PS) in November 2008 after a fierce contest with her centre-left rival Ségolène Royal. As minister of employment in the Jospin government from 1997 to 2000, Aubry is best known for having introduced the statutory 35-hour working week into French labour law, a move heavily criticized by her political opponents, as having severly damaged France's international competitiveness and thereby boosted unemployment rather than reducing it. Though the Jospin government to which she belonged was committed to getting rid of "cumul des mandats", Aubry in early 2009 was simultaneously first secretary of the Socialist Party, Mayor of Lille, and president of the Lille metropolitan area. As leader of the PS, she has been much criticised from within, firstly for her very narrow margin of victory in the leadership contest (50.04%), secondly for being a "three-day-week" leader of the PS (the rest of the week being devoted to her functions in Lille) and thirdly for leading the party to its worst electoral score, in the 2009 European elections, where the Socialists obtained under 15% of the vote, just a short way in front of the Green party.
       Since the Strauss-Kahn affair rocked the Socialist party in 2011, Aubry is seen as one of the two main contenders for nomination as the PS's candidate in the French 2012 Presidential election - the other being her predecessor the more social democratic François Hollande.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Aubry, Martine

  • 27 Bérégovoy, Pierre

       (1925-1993)
       Socialist Prime Minister of France 1992-1993, at the end of the second Mitterrand presidency. Former metal worker and trade unionist, who bacame a close advisor to Pierre Mendès Fance, and later private secretary to François Mitterrand. In 1992, after the disastrous months of the Cresson government, Beregovoy was appointed Prime Minister, in the hope that he could revive the flagging fortunes of the Socialist Party. he failed, and in 1993, the conservatives were returned to power. Just over a month later, he was found dead with two gunshot wounds to the head. A verdict of suicide was returned.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Bérégovoy, Pierre

  • 28 Bibliothèque Nationale

       The French national library, known to academics as the BN, was historically sited in the First arrondissement of Paris. As a deposit library, the BN receives a copy of every book and periodical published in France. It also contains the most important French collection of manuscripts and old printed books from before the Revolution. Previously located in the Rue Richelieu, in the 1st arondissement of central Paris, the library moved in 1996 to custom-designed new buildings beside the Seine in the 13th arondissement known as the Bibliothèque François Mitterrand. The last of France's " grands projects" of the 20th century, the building attracted criticism for environmentally-poor design - in particular for the idea of storing books in eighteen-story glass-clad skyscraper buildings.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Bibliothèque Nationale

  • 29 Chirac, Jacques

       born 1932.
       (adj. Chiraquien)
       Former conservative (Gaullist) President of France, from 1995 to 2007. Chirac's reelection in 2002 was an unexpected twist of fortune, caused by the elimination of the front-runner, socialist Lionel Jospin, pipped into third place in the first round of the election by a surge in the vote for the far right wing leader of the French National Front, Jean Marie Le Pen.Facing Le Pen in the second round, Chirac was reelected with a massive majority in what was in essence a contest between the the extreme right and everyone else. Had the second round of the election been a classic left-right contest, Chirac's re-election would not have been guaranteed.
       Jacques Chirac was a highly ambitious career politician, who worked his way rapidly up the ranks of the Gaullist movement; yet his first steps in politics were actually as a militant for the Communist party, and as a student he sold the communist newspaper l'Humanité on the streets of Paris. After graduating from "Sciences Po", he changed tack, married into Parisian high society, studied at the elite ENA (Ecole Nationale d'Administration), and then began a career in politics, working for the office of the prime minister, Georges Pompidou. In 1976, he was appointed junior minister for employment in the third Pompidou government, and from then after he remained one of the most omnipresent of conservative politicians in France. From Gaullist, he became a supporter of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing during Giscard's 1974 bid for the presidency - against the Gaullist Chaban-Delmas - and was appointed Prime Minister when Giscard won. Two years later, he resigned, complaining that Giscard was cramping his style.
       This was the start of his rise to the top. No longer prime minister, in 1977 he set about building his own power base, or rather his own two power bases, firstly as leader of a new political party, the RPR, created out of the old Gaullist UDR, and secondly by becoming elected Mayor of Paris. In 1981, he challenged Giscard for the presidency, but came third in the first round of the election, which was won by François Mitterrand. By 1986 he was clear leader of the conservative opposition. When the conservatives won the general election of that year, he was appointed prime minister, ushering in the first period of cohabitation (see below) between a president and a government of different political persuasions.
       In 1988, he was again a candidate in the presidential election, and again lost; but with his power base in Paris and in the RPR, he then had seven years in which to prepare his third, and first successful, challenge for the presidency.
       He served two terms as president, the first of seven years, the second of five - though as already stated, his reelection in 2002 was more due to the failure of the Socialist campaign and the surprise presence of Le Pen in the second round, than in his own popularity. It is still rather early to judge the Chirac presidency in a historic perspective, but early appraisals suggest that it will not be remembered as a great period in French history. It was a time during which France dramatically failed to adapt to the changes in the modern world - the end of the Cold War and the challenge of globalisation - and failed to push through the social and economic reforms that were allowing other developed nations such as France, Germany or Spain, to find their place in the new world order.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Chirac, Jacques

  • 30 Collège de France

       Founded by François I in 1530, located close to the Sorbonne in Paris, the Collège de France is an academy of learning which is outside the normal education system. It provides a programme of lectures and seminars conducted by some of the greatest academics in France, but open to the public. It does not deliver any degrees or diplomas. Members are elected for life from among leading academics, and the title Professeur au Collège de France is the highest distinction possible in French academia.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Collège de France

  • 31 Elitism

       In spite of the national commitment to the principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity, France remains marked by traditions of elitism that are ingrained in the very fibre of society. The French Revolution was supposed to have done away with privileges and elites, and usher in an age of greater equality; in the event, it - and subsequent upheavals - changed the nature of the elites in France, without making a great impact on the underlying system. Indeed, the notion of 'republican elites' is one that was fundamental in the shaping of post-Revolutionary France.
       In terms of local power, the role of local notables - important figures - remains strong. Notables frequently fulfil multiple roles in local administration and structures, sometimes combining these with elected positions on a regional or national scale, giving them and their close supporters a considerable degree of power. (See Cumul des mandats). They are frequently referred to as les elites locales. The process of devolution in France, set in motion in 1982, has had the effect of strengthening the power base of local elites.
       The French education system, while offering a good quality non-selective education to all children at lower levels, is increasingly elitist towards the top, particularly when it comes to preparing for higher education. Manyclasses préparatoires, particularly those preparing students for entrance to the top institutions of higher education, called Grandes Ecoles, are very selective, and the selection process - and for that matter the system itself - often disfavours students from humble or poorer backgrounds. The Grandes Ecoles themselves, tailor-made to the needs of the nation, train the future leaders and decision makers in specific fields of the public or private sector, producing very close networks of former students, that make the British concept of the "old-boy network" seem rather informal.
       Places in the top grandes écoles and some other institutions are highly sought after, as graduates from these schools are seen in France as a sort of caste, membership of which is highly recommended, if not essential, for anyone wanting to reach the top. The classic example of this is the ENA, Ecole Normale d'Administration, the Grande Ecole designed to train top civil servants and future political leaders. In the corridors of French power, many if not most of the top positions are occupied by Enarques, graduates of the ENA. In 1967, Jean-Pierre Chevènement - himself an Enarque, and later to be Minister of the Interior under François Mitterrand - coined the word Enarchie, to define the French system of state elites.
       As for business elites, a 2006 review in the Economist observed that they "often seem to owe more allegiance to the group from which they are drawn than to the international corporations they work for."

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Elitism

  • 32 Flanby

       nickname for François Hollande, president of France since 2012. Origin uncertain. Flanby is the brand name of an industrially produced milk caramel pudding, sold in pots.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Flanby

  • 33 Fontainebleau, château de

       magnificent renaissance château built for François 1st, some 40 km. south of Paris.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Fontainebleau, château de

  • 34 Front National

    , FN
       Extreme right-wing and xenophobic political party, founded by Jean Marie Le Pen in 1972. The party is strongly Eurosceptic, anti-immigration, and traditionalist; party members, including Le Pen, have been prosecuted for racist remarks, negationism, and the downplaying of war-crimes.
       The Front National has been a significant force in French politics since the 1980's, particularly where they have been aided by proportional representation. They won 10 seats at the European Parliament in 1984, and then 35 seats in the French general election of 1986, after François Mitterrand introduced a degree of proportional representation into the voting system. PR was quickly dropped again after this, and the FN has never since had more than a single Député. However, in European elections, where PR has remained, the FN has continued to pick up seats, most recently with 7 in the 2004 election.
       In 1995, the Front National won municipal elections in three towns in the south of France, Orange, Vitrolles and Marignane, in "triangular" second rounds for which neither the socialists (PS) nor the main conservative party would withdraw their candidates.
       Perhaps the FN's most visible success was that of its leader, Jean-Marie Le Pen, in the 2002 Presidential election, when he obtained second place in the first round, thus securing a place in the runoff. It is interesting to note that in this second round, which was a massive victory for Jacques Chirac, le Pen took less than 1% more of the vote than in the first round.
       The high profile of the FN in French politics surprises many foreign observers, but it is not really a surprise in a country with a fragmented party political structure. France's biggest mainstream political parties have a tradition of instrumentalising whatever means possible in order to damage their opponents, and for a long time French left-wing parties have sought to portray the Front National as the natural ally of other conservative parties. Yet by blurring the distinction between this far right party other mainstream conservative parties, they paradoxically helped to legitimise the FN. Mitterrand's introduction of PR into the voting system for general elections in 1984, which propelled the FN into the limelight, was actually intended to stop the mainstream conservative parties from winning. The policy backfired, since the conservatives won anyway, and the FN obtained its own "group" in the French parliament.
       Currently (2008) the FN is in decline. The party has lost voters to other right-wing parties, and has had to sell off its flagship headquarters building in Neuilly-sur-Seine, in order to pay its debts. See Political Parties in France

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Front National

  • 35 Kouchner, Bernard

       born 1939. Doctor, politician. Kouchner was co-founder of the international medical charity Médecins sans Frontières (q.v.). As a politician, he was a leading member of the Socialist Party, and held ministerial portfolios, as Minister of health, under four Socialist prime ministers. However, disappointed by the failure of the Socialist Party to modernise, he was one of the leading Socialists to accept an invitation to join the "open" conservative government of François Fillon, following the election of President Sarkozy. He remained France's foreign secretary until 2010, when he was replaced by Michèle Aliot Marie.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Kouchner, Bernard

  • 36 Marchais, Georges

       (1920-1997)
       First secretary of the French Communist Party (PCF) from 1972 to 1994. Marchais was very much a mainstream politician in France; when he took over the party, it was the biggest political party of the left in rench politics, and attracted the votes of about 20% of the French electorate. In the ensuing years, the PCF was overtaken by the rise of the new Socialist Party, led by François Mitterrand, and Marchais could do little or nothing to stop the decline. Though he admitted that the French Communist Party had been "stalinist" in its past, he did little to modernise it. A member of the French parliament from 1973 to 1997, and also MEP from 1979 to 1989 (Seecumul des mandats), he was never a minister, in spite of the Communists' participation in the Left wing union ( Union de la Gauche) government from 1982 to1984.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Marchais, Georges

  • 37 MoDem

       Centrist social-democratic political party formed from the remains of the old UDF by former minister and presidential candidate François Bayrou, in 2007.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > MoDem

  • 38 NRJ

       (Pronounced [ Energie])
       one of the first, and now one of the biggest, private music radio stations in France. NRJ was founded in 1991, immediately following the liberalisation of broadcasting by the newly elected president François Mitterrand.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > NRJ

  • 39 PS

       the French socialist party, formed betwen 1969 and 1971, from the fusion of existing non-communist left-wing parties in France. Since the seventies, and the fading of the Communist Party, the PS has been the principal party of the left in France, and has formed a number of governments, the most recent of which was the Jospin Government, from 2002 to 2007. One of the founding members of the party was François Mitterrand, who was President of France from 1981 to 1995. The current first Secretary is MartineAubry. See Political Parties in France

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > PS

  • 40 PSU

       Left-wing political party that existed from 1960 to 1989. On the political spectrum, the PSU was betwen the Socialists and the Communists, and as such was always a small movement. It's most prominent member was Michel Rocard (q.v.), who later, after joining the Socialist Party, became Prime Minister under François Mitterrand.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > PSU

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • Francois — François Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Saint François et Saint François. François est un nom propre qui peut entrer dans la désignation de personnes,… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Francois — François [fʀɑ̃ˈswa] (selten auch Francois) ist eine französische Variation des Namens Franz. Träger des Vornamens: François II. de Tournon (1489−1562), französischer Kleriker, und Erzbischof von Lyon François Haby (1861−1938), deutscher… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • François — [fʀɑ̃ˈswa] (selten auch Francois) ist eine französische Variation des Namens Franz. Träger des Vornamens: François II. de Tournon (1489–1562), französischer Kleriker, und Erzbischof von Lyon François Haby (1861–1938), deutscher Unternehmer und… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • François I — François Ier  Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents souverains partageant un même nom. François Ier est un nom porté par plusieurs souverains européens : François Ier (1414 1450), duc de Bretagne de …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Francois II — François II  Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents souverains partageant un même nom. Le nom de François II fut porté par plusieurs souverains et seigneurs européens : Sommaire 1 Empereurs 2 Rois …   Wikipédia en Français

  • François — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda François hace referencia a: François Boucher, pintor francés; François Duvalier, presidente de Haití; François Mitterrand, presidente de Francia; Georges François Reuter, naturalista francés; Louis François Armand de …   Wikipedia Español

  • François K. — François Kevorkian Musicien français né en 1954, François Kevorkian est producteur, DJ, remixeur et propriétaire d un prestigieux studio d enregistrement (Axis, New York) assimilé au genre new wave voir House. Il est d origine arménienne. Il est… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • François II — (1544 1560) roi de France (1559 1560); fils aîné d Henri II et de Catherine de Médicis, qui le domina. François II (1768 1835) dernier empereur germanique (1792 1806); il prit (1804) le titre d empereur héréditaire d Autriche (François Ier). Sa… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • François — m French: from the Old French word françois ‘French’ (français in modern French; See also FRANK (SEE Frank)). The use of this word as a given name was inspired by the fame of St Francis of Assisi (see FRANCESCO (SEE Francesco)). The popularity of …   First names dictionary

  • Francois d'O — François d O Blason de la maison d’O : d’hermine au chef endenché de gueules François d’O, marquis d’O, seigneur de Fresnes et de Maillebois, né en 1535 à Paris où il est mort le 24 octobre 1594, est un financier …   Wikipédia en Français

  • François — (1597 1643) fils du préc., fut longtemps sculpteur à Rome (où on le surnommait Francesco Flammingo): Saint André (1628 1640, basilique Saint Pierre). François (1759 1830) et Pierre Florent (1761 1812), nés à Québec, travaillèrent à la cathédrale… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

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