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1 форма земной поверхности
форма земной поверхности
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
landform
Any physical, recognizable form or feature of the Earth's surface, having a characteristic shape and produced by natural causes; it includes major forms such as plane, plateau and mountain, and minor forms such as hill, valley, slope, esker, and dune. Taken together the landforms make up the surface configuration of the Earth's. (Source: BJGEO)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > форма земной поверхности
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2 агрохимикат
агрохимикат
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agrochemical
Any substance or mixture of substances used or intended to be used for preventing, destroying, repelling, attracting, inhibiting, or controlling any insects, rodents, birds, nematodes, bacteria, fungi, weeds or other forms of plant, animal or microbial life regarded as pests. (Source: GILP96)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > агрохимикат
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3 атмосферный озон
атмосферный озон
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atmospheric ozone
A triatomic molecule of oxygen; a natural constituent of the atmosphere, with the highest concentrations in the ozone layer or stratosphere; it is found at a level between 15 and 30 km above the Earth, which prevents harmful ultraviolet B radiation, which causes skin cancer and threatens plant life, from reaching the ground. The fragile shield is being damaged by chemicals released on Earth. The main chemicals that are depleting stratospheric ozone are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used in refrigerators, aerosols and as cleaners in many industries and halons, which are used in fire extinguishers. The damage is caused when these chemicals release highly reactive forms of chlorine and bromine. (Source: GILP96 / WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > атмосферный озон
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4 атмосферный процесс
атмосферный процесс
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
atmospheric process
Atmospheric processes are distinguished in physical and chemical processes and both types may be operating simultaneously in complicated and interdependent ways. The physical processes of transport by atmospheric winds and the formation of clouds and precipitation strongly influence the patterns and rates of acidic deposition, while chemical reactions govern the forms of the compounds deposited. (Source: PARCOR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > атмосферный процесс
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5 биоразнообразие
биоразнообразие
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biodiversity
1) Genetic diversity: the variation between individuals and between populations within a species; species diversity: the different types of plants, animals and other life forms within a region; community or ecosystem diversity: the variety of habitats found within an area (grassland, marsh, and woodland for instance. 2) An umbrella term to describe collectively the variety and variability of nature. It encompasses three basic levels of organisation in living systems: the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. Plant and animal species are the most commonly recognized units of biological diversity, thus public concern has been mainly devoted to conserving species diversity. (Source: WRES / GILP96)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биоразнообразие
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6 бортоснастка
бортоснастка
Бортовые элементы, устанавливаемые на поддоны или плиту стенда для формовки сборных бетонных или железобетонных изделий
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
- строит. машины, оборуд., инструмент прочие
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > бортоснастка
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7 ввод (проходной изолятор)
- Durchführung, f
ввод
Проходной изолятор, имеющий внутреннюю изоляцию из жидкого, твердого, газообразного диэлектрического материала или их комбинации.
[ ГОСТ 27744-88 ]EN
bushing
device that enables one or several conductors to pass through a partition such as a wall or a tank, and insulate the conductors from it.
NOTE 1 – The means of attachment (flange or fixing device) to the partition forms part of the bushing. The conductor may form an integral part of the bushing or be drawn into the central tube of the bushing.
NOTE 2 – The bushings may be of the following types:
- liquid-filled bushing;
- liquid-insulated bushing;
- gas-filled bushing;
- gas-insulated bushing;
- oil-impregnated paper bushing;
- resin-bonded paper bushing;
- resin-impregnated paper bushing;
- ceramic, glass or analogous inorganic material bushing;
- cast or moulded resin-insulated bushing;
- combined insulation bushing;
- compound-filled bushing;
- gas-impregnated bushing.
[IEV number 471-02-01]FR
traversée
dispositif servant à faire passer un ou plusieurs conducteurs à travers une paroi, telle qu’un mur ou une cuve, en isolant le(s) conducteur(s) de cette paroi.
NOTE 1 – Les moyens de fixation (bride ou autre dispositif) sur la paroi font partie de la traversée. Le conducteur peut être solidaire de la traversée ou démontable.
NOTE 2 – Les différentes traversées peuvent être les suivantes:
- traversée à remplissage d’un liquide;
- traversée à isolation liquide;
- traversée à remplissage de gaz;
- traversée à isolation gazeuse;
- traversée en papier imprégné d’huile;
- traversée en papier enduit de résine;
- traversée en papier imprégné de résine;
- traversée en matière céramique, en verre ou en matière inorganique analogue;
- traversée à isolation en résine coulée ou moulée;
- traversée à isolation combinée;
- traversée à remplissage de mélange;
- traversée imprégnée de gaz.
[IEV number 471-02-01]
Тематики
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- Durchführung, f
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ввод (проходной изолятор)
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8 влажность почвы
влажность почвы
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soil moisture
1) Water stored in soils.
2) One of the most important elements involved in pedological processes and plant growth. There are three basic forms:
a) water adhering in thin films by molecular attraction to the surface of soil particles and not available for plants is termed hygroscopic water.
b) Water forming thicker films and occupying the smaller pore spaces is termed capillary water. Since it is held against the force of gravity it is permanently available for plant growth and it is this type of soil water which contains plant nutrients in solution.
c) Water in excess of hygroscopic and capillary water is termed gravitational water, which is of a transitory nature because it flows away under the influence of gravity. When the excess has drained away the amount of water retained in the soil is termed its field capacity, when some of its pore spaces are still free of water.
(Source: LANDY / DUNSTE)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > влажность почвы
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9 вода (вещество)
вода (вещество)
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water (substance)
Common liquid (H2O) which forms rain, rivers, the sea, etc., and which makes up a large part of the bodies of organisms. (Source: PHC)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > вода (вещество)
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10 водный ресурс
водный ресурс
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water resource
Water in any of its forms, wherever located - atmosphere, surface or ground - which is or can be of value to man. (Source: LANDY)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водный ресурс
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11 воды (геогр.)
воды (геогр.)
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water (geographic)
The liquid that forms streams, lakes, and seas, and issues from the ground in springs. (Source: WEBSTE)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воды (геогр.)
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12 водяной гиацинт
водяной гиацинт
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water hyacinth
Floating aquatic plant, Eichornia crassipes of tropical America, having showy bluish-purple flowers and swollen leafstalks: family Pontederiaceae. It forms dense masses in rivers, ponds, etc., and is a serious pest in the southern U.S., Java, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Africa. (Source: CED)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водяной гиацинт
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13 воздействие производства энергии на окружающую среду
воздействие производства энергии на окружающую среду
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environmental impact of energy
Energy and environmental problems are closely related, since it is nearly impossible to produce, transport, or consume energy without significant environmental impact. The environmental problems directly related to energy production and consumption include air pollution, water pollution, thermal pollution, and solid waste disposal. The emission of air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion is the major cause of urban air pollution. Diverse water pollution problems are associated with energy usage. One major problem is oil spills. In all petroleum-handling operations, there is a finite probability of spilling oil either on the earth or in a body of water. Coal mining can also pollute water. Changes in groundwater flow produced by mining operations often bring otherwise unpolluted waters into contact with certain mineral materials which are leached from the soil and produce an acid mine drainage. Solid waste is also a by-product of some forms of energy usage. Coal mining requires the removal of large quantities of earth as well as coal. In general, environmental problems increase with energy use and this combined with the limited energy resource base is the crux of the energy crisis. An energy impact assessment should compare these costs with the benefits to be derived from energy use. (Source: RAU)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздействие производства энергии на окружающую среду
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14 воздействие рыболовства на окружающую среду
воздействие рыболовства на окружающую среду
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environmental impact of fishing
Fishing may have various negative effects on the environment: effluent and waste from fish farms may damage wild fish, seals, and shellfish. Fish farmers use tiny quantities of highly toxic chemicals to kill lice: one overdose could be devastating. So-called by-catches, or the incidental taking of non-commercial species in drift nets, trawling operations and long line fishing is responsible for the death of large marine animals and one factor in the threatened extinction of some species. Some fishing techniques, like the drift nets, yield not only tons of fish but kill millions of birds, whales and seals and catch millions of fish not intended. Small net holes often capture juvenile fish who never have a chance to reproduce. Some forms of equipment destroy natural habitats, for example bottom trawling may destroy natural reefs. Other destructive techniques are illegal dynamite and cyanide fishing. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздействие рыболовства на окружающую среду
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15 геофизическая среда
геофизическая среда
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geophysical environment
The physical earth and its surroundings, consisting of the oceans and inland waters, lower and upper atmosphere, space, land masses and land forms. (Source: APD / ENZ)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > геофизическая среда
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16 глобальная конвенция
глобальная конвенция
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global convention
A worldwide assembly of national, political party or organizational delegates, or the pact or the agreement that arises from such an assembly that forms, often, the preliminary to an international treaty. (Source: BLD)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > глобальная конвенция
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17 горная экосистема
горная экосистема
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mountain ecosystem
Ecosystems found on high-mountains at low latitudes. Mountain ecosystems are very vulnerable. They are increasingly sensitive to soil erosion, landslide and rapid loss of habitat and genetic diversity. Widespread poverty and an increase in the numbers of mountain inhabitants lead to deforestation, cultivation of marginal lands, excessive livestock grazing, loss of biomass cover and other forms of environmental degradation. Because little is known about mountain ecosystems, Agenda 21 has proposed the establishment of a global mountain database. This is essential for the launch of programmes that would contribute to the sustainable development of mountain ecosystems. The proposals also focus on promoting watershed development and alternative employment for people whose livelihoods are linked to practices that degrade mountains. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > горная экосистема
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18 законы Сообщества
законы Сообщества
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Community law
The law of European Community (as opposed to the national laws of the member states.) It consists of the treaties establishing the EC (together with subsequent amending treaties) community legislation, and decisions of the court of justice of the European Communities. Any provision of the treaties or of community legislation that is directly applicable or directly effective in a member state forms part of the law of that state and prevails over its national law in the event of any inconsistency between the two. (Source: DICLAW)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > законы Сообщества
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19 змея
змея
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snake
Any reptile of the suborder Ophidia, typically having a scaly cylindrical limbless body, fused eyelids, and a jaw modified for swallowing large prey: includes venomous forms such as cobras and rattlesnakes, large nonvenomous constrictors, and small harmless types such as the grass snake. (Source: CED)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > змея
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20 иммунология
иммунология
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immunology
A branch of biological science concerned with the native or acquired resistance of higher animal forms and humans to infection with microorganisms. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > иммунология
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