-
21 judge
[dʒʌdʒ] 1. n ( JUR) 2. vtcompetition, match sędziować; ( estimate) określać (określić perf), oceniać (ocenić perf); ( evaluate) oceniać; ( consider) uznawać (uznać perf) za +acc3. viwydawać (wydać perf) opinięjudging/to judge by his expression — sądząc z jego wyrazu twarzy
* * *1. verb1) (to hear and try (cases) in a court of law: Who will be judging this murder case?) sądzić2) (to decide which is the best in a competition etc: Is she going to judge the singing competition again?; Who will be judging the vegetables at the flower show?; Who is judging at the horse show?) sędziować3) (to consider and form an idea of; to estimate: You can't judge a man by his appearance; Watch how a cat judges the distance before it jumps; She couldn't judge whether he was telling the truth.) oceniać4) (to criticize for doing wrong: We have no right to judge him - we might have done the same thing ourselves.) osądzać2. noun1) (a public officer who hears and decides cases in a law court: The judge asked if the jury had reached a verdict.) sędzia2) (a person who decides which is the best in a competition etc: The judge's decision is final (= you cannot argue with the judge's decision); He was asked to be on the panel of judges at the beauty contest.) sędzia3) (a person who is skilled at deciding how good etc something is: He says she's honest, and he's a good judge of character; He seems a very fine pianist to me, but I'm no judge.) znawca•- judgement- judgment
- judging from / to judge from
- pass judgement on
- pass judgement -
22 model
['mɔdl] 1. n(of boat, building etc) model m; (fashion model, artist's model) model(ka) m(f); ( example) wzór m, model m2. adj( excellent) wzorowy; ( small scale) miniaturowy3. vt 4. vi( for designer) pracować jako model(ka) m(f); (for painter, photographer) pozowaćto model o.s. on — wzorować się na +loc
* * *['modl] 1. noun1) (a copy or representation of something usually on a much smaller scale: a model of the Taj Mahal; ( also adjective) a model aeroplane.) model2) (a particular type or design of something, eg a car, that is manufactured in large numbers: Our car is a 1999 model.) model3) (a person who wears clothes etc so that possible buyers can see them being worn: He has a job as a male fashion model.) model(ka)4) (a person who is painted, sculpted, photographed etc by an artist, photographer etc: I work as an artist's model.) model(ka)5) (something that can be used to copy from.) wzorzec6) (a person or thing which is an excellent example: She is a model of politeness; ( also adjective) model behaviour.) wzór2. verb1) (to wear (clothes etc) to show them to possible buyers: They model (underwear) for a living.) prezentować2) (to work or pose as a model for an artist, photographer etc: She models at the local art school.) pozować3) (to make models (of things or people): to model (the heads of famous people) in clay.) modelować, wymodelować4) (to form (something) into a (particular) shape: She modelled the clay into the shape of a penguin; She models herself on her older sister.) (od)wzorować• -
23 mourn
[mɔːn] 1. vt 2. vito mourn for/over sth — żałować czegoś
* * *[mo:n](to have or show great sorrow eg for a person who has died: She mourned (for) her dead son.) opłakiwać- mourner- mournful
- mournfully
- mourning -
24 put up
vtfence, building, tent stawiać (postawić perf); umbrella rozkładać (rozłożyć perf); poster, sign wywieszać (wywiesić perf); price, cost podnosić (podnieść perf); person przenocowywać (przenocować perf); resistance stawiać (stawić perf)to put sb up to sth/doing sth — namawiać (namówić perf) kogoś do czegoś/(z)robienia czegoś
to put sth up for sale — wystawiać (wystawić perf) coś na sprzedaż
* * *1) (to raise (a hand etc).) podnieść2) (to build; to erect: They're putting up some new houses.) wznosić3) (to fix on a wall etc: He put the poster up.) powiesić4) (to increase (a price etc): They're putting up the fees again.) podnieść5) (to offer or show (resistance etc): He's putting up a brave fight.) stawić (opór), stoczyć (walkę)6) (to provide (money) for a purpose: He promised to put up the money for the scheme.) dostarczyć7) (to provide a bed etc for (a person) in one's home: Can you put us up next Thursday night?) przenocować -
25 witness
['wɪtnɪs] 1. nświadek m2. vt ( lit, fig)być świadkiem +gento bear witness to — behaviour świadczyć o +loc; person dawać (dać perf) świadectwo +dat
witness for the prosecution/defence — świadek oskarżenia/obrony
to witness to sth/having seen sth — zaświadczać (zaświadczyć perf) o czymś/, że się coś widziało
* * *['witnəs] 1. noun1) (a person who has seen or was present at an event etc and so has direct knowledge of it: Someone must have seen the accident but the police can find no witnesses.) świadek2) (a person who gives evidence, especially in a law court.) świadek3) (a person who adds his signature to a document to show that he considers another signature on the document to be genuine: You cannot sign your will without witnesses.) świadek2. verb1) (to see and be present at: This lady witnessed an accident at three o'clock this afternoon.) być świadkiem2) (to sign one's name to show that one knows that (something) is genuine: He witnessed my signature on the new agreement.) poświadczyć•- bear witness -
26 consideration
[kənsɪdə'reɪʃən]n( deliberation) namysł m; ( factor) czynnik m, okoliczność f; ( fml) ( reward) uznanie nt* * *1) ((the act of) thinking about something, especially the needs or feelings of other people: He stayed at home out of consideration for his mother.) wzgląd2) (a fact to be taken into account in making a decision etc: The cost of the journey is our main consideration.) aspekt, okoliczność -
27 copy
['kɔpɪ] 1. n( duplicate) kopia f, odpis m; (of book, record) egzemplarz m; ( material) ( for printing) maszynopis m2. vtPhrasal Verbs:- copy out* * *['kopi] 1. plural - copies; noun1) (an imitation or reproduction: That dress is a copy of one I saw at a Paris fashion show; He made eight copies of the pamphlet on the photocopier.) kopia2) (a single book, newspaper etc: Can I have six copies of this dictionary, please?) egzemplarz3) (written or typed material for publishing: He writes copy for advertisements.) materiał2. verb(to make an imitation or reproduction of (something): Copy the way I speak; Copy this passage into your notebook.) kopiować- copier- copyright -
28 dash
[dæʃ] 1. n( small quantity) odrobina f; ( sign) myślnik m, kreska f; ( journey) wypad m; ( run)2. vt 3. vito make a dash for/towards — rzucać się (rzucić się perf) do +gen /w stronę +gen
to dash towards — rzucać się (rzucić się perf) w kierunku or w stronę +gen
Phrasal Verbs:- dash off* * *[dæʃ] 1. verb1) (to move with speed and violence: A man dashed into a shop.) rzucać się pędem2) (to knock, throw etc violently, especially so as to break: He dashed the bottle to pieces against the wall.) roztrzaskiwać3) (to bring down suddenly and violently or to make very depressed: Our hopes were dashed.) niweczyć2. noun1) (a sudden rush or movement: The child made a dash for the door.) rzut, skok2) (a small amount of something, especially liquid: whisky with a dash of soda.) odrobina, kropelka3) ((in writing) a short line (-) to show a break in a sentence etc.) myślnik4) (energy and enthusiasm: All his activities showed the same dash and spirit.) werwa•- dashing- dash off -
29 hero
['hɪərəu]pl heroes, n* * *['hiərəu] 1. plural - heroes; noun1) (a man or boy admired (by many people) for his brave deeds: The boy was regarded as a hero for saving his friend's life.) bohater2) (the chief male person in a story, play etc: The hero of this book is a young American boy called Tom Sawyer.) bohater•- heroic- heroically
- heroism
- hero-worship 2. verb(to show such admiration for (someone): The boy hero-worshipped the footballer.) ubóstwiać -
30 mean
[miːn] 1. adj( with money) skąpy; ( unkind) person, trick podły; (US, inf) ( vicious) person, animal złośliwy; ( shabby) nędzny; ( average) średni2. vt; pt, pp meant3. n, pl meansI thought you meant her — sądziłem, że miałeś na myśli ją; ( intend)
( average) średnia f- means* * *[mi:n] I adjective1) (not generous (with money etc): He's very mean (with his money / over pay).) skąpy2) (likely or intending to cause harm or annoyance: It is mean to tell lies.) podły, małostkowy3) ((especially American) bad-tempered, vicious or cruel: a mean mood.) złośliwy4) ((of a house etc) of poor quality; humble: a mean dwelling.) ubogi, nędzny•- meanly- meanness
- meanie II 1. adjective1) ((of a statistic) having the middle position between two points, quantities etc: the mean value on a graph.) średni2) (average: the mean annual rainfall.) przeciętny2. noun(something that is midway between two opposite ends or extremes: Three is the mean of the series one to five.) średnia, środekIII 1. past tense, past participle - meant; verb1) (to (intend to) express, show or indicate: `Vacation' means `holiday'; What do you mean by (saying/doing) that?) znaczyć2) (to intend: I meant to go to the exhibition but forgot; For whom was that letter meant?; He means (= is determined) to be a rich man some day.) zamierzać•- meaning2. adjective((of a look, glance etc) showing a certain feeling or giving a certain message: The teacher gave the boy a meaning look when he arrived late.) znaczący- meaningless
- be meant to
- mean well -
31 measure
['mɛʒə(r)] 1. vtPhrasal Verbs:2. vi 3. n( degree) stopień m; ( portion) porcja f; ( ruler) miar(k)a f; ( standard) miara f; ( action) środek m (zaradczy)measures have been taken to limit the economic decline — podjęto kroki mające na celu ograniczenie spadku gospodarczego
* * *['meʒə] 1. noun1) (an instrument for finding the size, amount etc of something: a glass measure for liquids; a tape-measure.) miara2) (a unit: The metre is a measure of length.) jednostka, miara3) (a system of measuring: dry/liquid/square measure.) miara4) (a plan of action or something done: We must take (= use, or put into action) certain measures to stop the increase in crime.) środek zaradczy, krok5) (a certain amount: a measure of sympathy.) doza, dawka6) ((in music) the musical notes contained between two bar lines.) takt2. verb1) (to find the size, amount etc of (something): He measured the table.) (wy)mierzyć2) (to show the size, amount etc of: A thermometer measures temperature.) wskazać, odmierzać3) ((with against, besides etc) to judge in comparison with: She measured her skill in cooking against her friend's.) zmierzyć się z kimś4) (to be a certain size: This table measures two metres by one metre.) mieć rozmiar•- beyond measure
- for good measure
- full measure
- made to measure
- measure out
- measure up -
32 pan
[pæn] 1. n(also: saucepan) rondel m; (also: frying pan) patelnia f2. vifilm camera panoramować3. vt ( inf)* * *I [pæn] noun1) (a metal pot usually with a long handle, used for cooking food: a frying-pan; a saucepan.) rondel, patelnia2) ((American) a tin for baking or cooking food inside an oven: a cake pan.) rondel•- pancakeII [pæn] past tense, past participle - panned; verb(to move (a film or television camera) so as to follow a moving object or show a wide view: The camera panned slowly across to the other side of the street.) panoramować -
33 penance
['pɛnəns]n ( REL)pokuta fto do penance for one's sins — odprawiać (odprawić perf) pokutę za grzechy
* * *['penəns](punishment that a person suffers willingly to show that he is sorry for something wrong he has done: He did penance for his sins.) pokuta -
34 turn
[təːn] 1. n( rotation) obrót m; ( in road) zakręt m; ( change) zmiana f; ( chance) kolej f; ( performance) występ m; ( inf) ( of illness) napad m2. vthandle przekręcać (przekręcić perf); key przekręcać (przekręcić perf), obracać (obrócić perf); steak, page przewracać (przewrócić perf); wood, metal toczyć3. vi( rotate) obracać się (obrócić się perf); ( change direction) skręcać (skręcić perf); ( face in different direction) odwracać się (odwrócić się perf); milk kwaśnieć (skwaśnieć perf)it gave me quite a turn ( inf) — to mnie nieźle zaszokowało (inf)
"no left turn" — "zakaz skrętu w lewo"
in turn — ( in succession) po kolei; (indicating consequence, cause etc) z kolei
to take turns (at) — zmieniać się (zmienić się perf) (przy +loc)
at the turn of the century — u schyłku wieku, na przełomie wieków
to take a turn for the worse — przybierać (przybrać perf) zły obrót
his health/he has taken a turn for the worse — jego stan pogorszył się, pogorszyło mu się (inf)
Phrasal Verbs:- turn in- turn off- turn on- turn out- turn up* * *[tə:n] 1. verb1) (to (make something) move or go round; to revolve: The wheels turned; He turned the handle.) obracać (się)2) (to face or go in another direction: He turned and walked away; She turned towards him.) obrócić się3) (to change direction: The road turned to the left.) skręcić4) (to direct; to aim or point: He turned his attention to his work.) zwrócić5) (to go round: They turned the corner.) objechać, obejść6) (to (cause something to) become or change to: You can't turn lead into gold; At what temperature does water turn into ice?) obrócić (się), przemieniać (się)7) (to (cause to) change colour to: Her hair turned white; The shock turned his hair white.) stać się, zmienić kolor na2. noun1) (an act of turning: He gave the handle a turn.) obrót2) (a winding or coil: There are eighty turns of wire on this aerial.) zwój3) ((also turning) a point where one can change direction, eg where one road joins another: Take the third turn(ing) on/to the left.) zakręt4) (one's chance or duty (to do, have etc something shared by several people): It's your turn to choose a record; You'll have to wait your turn in the bathroom.) kolej5) (one of a series of short circus or variety acts, or the person or persons who perform it: The show opened with a comedy turn.) numer•- turnover
- turnstile
- turntable
- turn-up
- by turns
- do someone a good turn
- do a good turn
- in turn
- by turns
- out of turn
- speak out of turn
- take a turn for the better
- worse
- take turns
- turn a blind eye
- turn against
- turn away
- turn back
- turn down
- turn in
- turn loose
- turn off
- turn on
- turn out
- turn over
- turn up -
35 vote
[vəut] 1. n( indication of choice) głos m; ( votes cast) głosy pl; ( right to vote) prawo nt do głosowania, czynne prawo nt wyborcze2. vt( elect)he was voted chairman — wybrano go na przewodniczącego; ( propose)
3. vito vote that — proponować (zaproponować perf), żeby
to put sth to the vote, take a vote on sth — poddawać (poddać perf) coś pod głosowanie
to vote for/in favour of/against — głosować za +instr /przeciw(ko) +dat
to vote on sth — poddawać (poddać perf) coś pod głosowanie
to vote yes to — przyjmować (przyjąć perf) +acc
to vote no to — odrzucać (odrzucić perf) +acc
to pass a vote of confidence/no confidence — uchwalać (uchwalić perf) wotum zaufania/nieufności
* * *[vəut] 1. noun((the right to show) one's wish or opinion, eg in a ballot or by raising a hand etc, especially at an election or in a debate: In Britain, the vote was given to women over twenty-one in 1928; Nowadays everyone over eighteen has a vote; A vote was taken to decide the matter.) prawo głosu, głos2. verb1) (to cast or record one's vote: She voted for the Conservative candidate; I always vote Labour; I shall vote against the restoration of capital punishment.) głosować2) (to allow, by a vote, the provision of (something) eg to someone, for a purpose etc: They were voted $5,000 to help them in their research.) uchwalić, przyznać w głosowaniu•- voter- vote of confidence
- vote of thanks -
36 but
[bʌt] 1. conj1) (yet, however) ale, lecz (fml)I'd love to come, but I'm busy — bardzo chciałabym przyjść, ale jestem zajęta
I'm sorry, but I don't agree — przykro mi, lecz nie zgadzam się
2) (showing disagreement, surprise etc) ależ2. prep(apart from, except)3. advI'll do anything but that — zrobię wszystko, tylko nie to
* * *1. conjunction(used to show a contrast between two or more things: John was there, but Peter was not.) ale2. preposition(except (for): no-one but me; the next road but one.) z wyjątkiem, oprócz -
37 enthusiasm
[ɪn'θuːzɪæzəm]n* * *[in'Ɵju:ziæzəm](strong or passionate interest: He has a great enthusiasm for travelling; He did not show any enthusiasm for our new plans.) entuzjazm- enthusiastic
- enthusiastically -
38 lament
[lə'mɛnt] 1. n( mourning) opłakiwanie nt; ( complaining) lament m, biadanie nt2. vt( mourn) opłakiwać; ( complain about) lamentować or biadać nad +instr* * *[lə'ment] 1. verb(to feel or express regret for: We all lament his death; He sat lamenting over his past failures.) opłakiwać2. noun1) (a poem or piece of music which laments something: This song is a lament for those killed in battle.) elegia, tren2) (a show of grief, regret etc: I'm not going to sit listening to her laments all day.) lament• -
39 now
[nau]n abbr (US)= National Organization for Women* * *1. adverb1) ((at) the present period of time: I am now living in England.) obecnie2) (at once; immediately: I can't do it now - you'll have to wait.) zaraz3) ((at) this moment: He'll be at home now; From now on, I shall be more careful about what I say to her.) teraz4) ((in stories) then; at that time: We were now very close to the city.) wtedy, teraz5) (because of what has happened etc: I now know better than to trust her.) już teraz6) (a word in explanations, warnings, commands, or to show disbelief: Now this is what happened; Stop that, now!; Do be careful, now.) otóż, dalej2. conjunction((often with that) because or since something has happened, is now true etc: Now that you are here, I can leave; Now you have left school, you will have to find a job.) skoro (już)- nowadays- for now
- just now
- every now and then/again
- now and then/again
- now
- now!
- now then -
40 over
['əuvə(r)] 1. adv1) ( across)to cross over to the other side — przechodzić (przejść perf) na drugą stronę
to ask sb over — zapraszać (zaprosić perf) kogoś (do domu or do siebie)
over here/there — tu/tam
3) ( finished)to be over — skończyć się ( perf)
4) ( excessively) zbyt, nadmiernieshe's not over intelligent, is she? — nie jest zbyt or nadmiernie inteligentna, prawda?
5) ( remaining)6)2. prepover and over (again) — wielokrotnie, w kółko (inf)
to spread a sheet over sth — rozkładać (rozłożyć perf) na czymś prześcieradło
2) ( on the other side of) po drugiej stronie +gen; ( to the other side of) przez +acc, na drugą stronę +gen3) ( more than) ponad +accover and above — poza +instr, w dodatku do +gen
4) ( during) przez +acc, podczas +gen* * *['əuvə] 1. preposition1) (higher than; above in position, number, authority etc: Hang that picture over the fireplace; He's over 90 years old.) po(nad)2) (from one side to another, on or above the top of; on the other side of: He jumped over the gate; She fell over the cat; My friend lives over the street.) nad, na3) (covering: He put his handkerchief over his face.) na4) (across: You find people like him all over the world.) na5) (about: a quarrel over money.) o6) (by means of: He spoke to her over the telephone.) przez7) (during: Over the years, she grew to hate her husband.) przez8) (while having etc: He fell asleep over his dinner.) nad2. adverb1) (higher, moving etc above: The plane flew over about an hour ago.)2) (used to show movement, change of position: He rolled over on his back; He turned over the page.)3) (across: He went over and spoke to them.)4) (downwards: He fell over.)5) (higher in number etc: for people aged twenty and over.)6) (remaining: There are two cakes for each of us, and two over.)7) (through from beginning to end, carefully: Read it over; Talk it over between you.)3. adjective(finished: The affair is over now.) ponad, prze-4. noun((in cricket) a certain number of balls bowled from one end of the wicket: He bowled thirty overs in the match.) seria rzutów/piłek (w krykiecie)5. as part of a word1) (too (much), as in overdo.) prze-2) (in a higher position, as in overhead.) nad-3) (covering, as in overcoat.) na-4) (down from an upright position, as in overturn.) prze-5) (completely, as in overcome.) prze-•- over all
- over and done with
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