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21 ἀπαντικρύ
Aἀπαντροκύ IG2.834b
i25, cf. 2(5) p.204), strengthd. for ἀντικρύ, right opposite,τῆς Ἀττικῆς D.8.36
, cf. Hp.Cord.2, Thphr.Char.21.7, Luc.Am.5;ὁ ἀ. λόφος X.HG6.4.4
.2 in the first instance, opp. ἀνὰ χρόνον, Hp.Art.41.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀπαντικρύ
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22 ἐπιψηφίζω
A put to the vote, in Senate or Assembly,ἐ. τὰς γνώμας Antipho 6.45
, etc.;ταῦτα D.22.9
: c.inf., put it to the vote that.., Th.2.24 ; of the President in the Amphict. Council,ἐ. τὰς γνώμας Aeschin.3.124
.2 abs., put the question, Th.6.14, etc.; οὐκ ἠθέλησεν ἐπιψηφίσαι, of Socrates, X.Mem.1.1.18 ; in the preface to decrees,τῶν προέδρων ἐπεψήφιζε ὁ δεῖνα IG22.44
, al., cf. Decr. ap. And. 1.77 ; ἐ.ἐς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν (at Sparta) Th.1.87 ;ἐ. τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ Luc. Tim.44
.3 ἐ. τινί to put the question for or at the instance of any one, Hdt.8.61.4 ἐ. τοὺς παρόντας to put the question to them, take their votes, Pl.Grg. 474a, cf. 476a.II [voice] Pass., to be put to the vole, Aeschin.2.67,3.126, Michel 163.40 ([place name] Delos) ; of an office, to be voted upon, Arist.Pol. 1301b25.III later in [voice] Med., of the Assembly itself, or generally of voters, vote, approve,τὰ ῥηθέντα D.S.19.61
, cf. D.H.6.71,84, Plu.Cic.33 (also in [voice] Act.,D.H.7.38, Luc.Charid.12).2 ἐ. χρόνον τινί vote an extension of command, Plu.Flam.7 ; also στρατιὰν ἄλλην ἐ. πέμπειν v.l.in Th.7.16.3 [voice] Med.in act. sense, IG 12(7).239 ([place name] Amorgos), 12(9).4 ([place name] Carystus), Just.Nov.15.6 Ep.V calculate, Vett.Val.352.22.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιψηφίζω
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23 ἀκαρός
Grammatical information: m?Meaning: σημαίνει τὸν ἐγκέφαλον η την κεφαλήν. EM 45, 13.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Cf. ἔγκαρος and ἴγκρος with the same meaning. So it seems ἐν and κὰρη `head'. It would be the only relatively certain instance of reduction of ἐν to ἀ- (Schulze KZ 29, 263f. = Kl. Schr. 358), but Nussbaum, Head and Horn 1986, 72f. remains sceptic, as one would rather expect for this old form *ἀκρος.See also:Page in Frisk: 1,51Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀκαρός
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24 ἀναβάλλω
ἀναβάλλω (s. βάλλω; Hom.+ in var. mngs.; LXX; Ath. 13, 2 [for ἐξήνεγκεν Gen 1:12) 2 aor. act. ἀνέβαλον LXX, mid. ἀνεβαλόμην LXX; pf. ptc. ἀναβεβλημένος (‘wearing’ a cloak) act. and mid. ‘put off’ (mid.: Hes., Works 410 one should not ἀναβάλλεσθαι anything ἐς αὔριον; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 43 Jac.; Diod. Sic. 14, 100, 1 εἰς ἕτερον καιρὸν ἀνεβάλετο; Syntipas p. 52, 2; Jos., Ant. 4, 288; 14, 28; PCairZen 412, 13); mid. in the only instance in our lit., and as legal t.t. adjourn a trial, etc. (Hdt., Demosth. et al.; PTebt 22, 9 [112 B.C.] ‘refer matters’; Jos., Ant. 14, 177) τινά remand someone, adjourn (his trial) (like ampliare alqm. Cicero, Verr. 1, 29) ἀνεβάλετο αὐτοὺς ὁ Φῆλιξ Ac 24:22.—M-M. -
25 ἔμπροσθεν
ἔμπροσθεν (also ἐνπ-; Hdt.+; also in OT quotes w. and against LXX; Mel., P. 61, 444 [ἀπέναντι Dt 28:66]) ἔμπροσθε (SIG 371, 13 [289/288 B.C.]; 915, 27) ApcPt 3:6; orig. adv. of place, then used as prep. (B-D-F §104, 2; 214, 1; 6; Mlt-H. 329).① pert. to a position in front of an objectⓐ gener. adv. as marker of something that is relatively removed in distance in front, ahead (opp. ὄπισθεν, as X., Equ. 1, 3; Polyb. 12, 15, 2; Aelian, VH 12, 21; Palaeph. 29, 2; 2 Ch 13:14; Ezk 2:10) Rv 4:6. As subst.: εἰς τὸ ἔ. toward the front (Diod S 11, 18, 5; 19, 26, 10; 19, 83, 2; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 203) προδραμὼν εἰς τὸ ἔ. he ran ahead Lk 19:4 (where εἰς τὸ ἔ. is pleonast., as Artem. 2, 9 p. 93, 2 προϊέναι εἰς τοὔμπροσθεν; B-D-F §484; Semitism [?]: MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 116); τὰ ἔ. (sc. ὄντα; cp. X., An. 6, 3, 14; 1 Macc 13:27; TestJob 27:1; location in a dialogue Just., D. 126, 6; 140, 4) what lies ahead (as a goal) Phil 3:13.—Forward, ahead πορεύεσθαι ἔ. (X., Cyr. 4, 2, 23) Lk 19:28. αἱ ἔ. ἐκκλησίαι the congregations/churches farther on or principal churches (s. JKleist, tr., ’46, ad loc. w. note) IPol 8:1.ⓑ indicating more immediate presence of the object that is in front, with ἔ. functioning as prep. w. gen. (s. on ἀνά, beg.) in front of, before in a variety of aspectsα. purely local (X., Cyr. 3, 2, 5; Jos., Bell. 6, 366) Hs 9, 2, 7 (opp. ὀπίσω); ἔ. τοῦ ναοῦ before the shrine (Cebes, Tab. 1, 1) 1 Cl 41:2; ἔ. τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου Mt 5:24; ἔ. τοῦ βήματος Ac 18:17; ἔ. τοῦ Ἰησοῦ Lk 5:19; cp. 14:2; ApcPt 3:6; GPt 4:12. γονυπετεῖν ἔ. τινος kneel before someone Mt 27:29; πίπτειν ἔ. τῶν ποδῶν τινος fall at someone’s feet Rv 19:10; 22:8; βάλλειν ἔ. τινος Mt 7:6 (PGM 4, 1229 βάλε ἔ. αὐτοῦ κλῶνας ἐλαίας). μαστιγοῦντες ἑαυτοὺς ἔ. τούτων τῶν εἰδώλων flagellating themselves before these images ApcPt Bodl. (as restored by EWinstedt, s. MJames, JTS 1910, 12, 157).β. of position without ref. to motion toward, before, in the presence of (Gen 45:5) ὁμολογεῖν and ἀρνεῖσθαι Mt 10:32f; 26:70; Lk 12:8; cp. Gal 2:14. Esp. of appearance before a judge Mt 27:11; also before the divine judge 25:32; Lk 21:36; 1 Th 2:19; 3:13; GPt 11:48; cp. 2 Cor 5:10. But the judicial element is not decisive in all the pass. in which pers. stand or come ἔ. τοῦ θεοῦ or ἔ. τ. χυρίου; cp. 1 Th 1:3; 3:9; 1J 3:19.γ. of appearance before a large assemblage to discharge an obligation, before, in the sight of (SIG 1173, 14 [138 A.D.] the man who was healed through the intervention of Asklepios ηὐχαρίστησεν ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ δήμου) Mt 5:16; 6:1; 17:2; 23:13 in the face of; Mk 2:12; 9:2; Lk 19:27; J 12:37; Ac 10:4.δ. as a reverential way of expressing oneself, when one is speaking of an eminent pers., and esp. of God, not to connect the subject directly w. what happens, but to say that it took place ‘before someone’ (s. Dalman, Worte 171–74): ἐπακοῦσαι ἔ. αὐτοῦ ἔθνη that the nations should give heed (or obey) (before) God B 12:11 (Is 45:1). ποιεῖν τὸ πονηρὸν ἔ. τοῦ κυρίου Hm 4, 2, 2 (cp. Judg 2:11; 3:12; 4:1). εὐδοκία ἔ. σου pleasing to you Mt 11:26; Lk 10:21; θέλημα ἔ. τ. πατρὸς ὑμῶν Mt 18:14.ε. before, ahead of, w. motion implied ἔ. τινος (UPZ 78, 15 [159 B.C.] ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν ἐπορευόμην) J 10:4; B 11:4 (Is 45:2); προπορεύεσθαι ἔ. τινος 3:4 (Is 58:8); cp. 4:12; ἀποστέλλεσθαι ἔ. τινος (Gen 24:7; 32:4) J 3:28; σαλπίζειν ἔ. τινος blow a trumpet before someone Mt 6:2; τὴν ὁδὸν κατασκευάζειν ἔ. τινος Mt 11:10; Lk 7:27.ζ. of rank (Pla., Leg. 1, 631d; 5, 743e; 7, 805d; Demosth. 56, 50 εἶναι ἔ. τινος; Gen 48:20) ἔ. τινος γίνεσθαι rank before (i.e. higher than) someone J 1:15, 30 (Plut., Pericl. 158 [11, 1] οἱ ἀριστοκρατικοὶ … Περικλέα … πρόσθεν ὁρῶντες γεγονόντα τῶν πολιτῶν). If ἔ. τινος γ. is to be understood temporally here (as 3 Km 3:12; 16:25, 33; 4 Km 18:5; Eccl 1:16; 2:7, 9; Jos, Ant. 1, 109; cp. Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 12 Jac. ἔτει ἑνὶ ἔμπροσθεν)=‘be earlier than someone’, the foll. ὅτι πρῶτός μου ἦν, which gives the reason for it, would simply be an instance of tautology (but s. OCullmann, ConNeot 11, ’47, 31, who holds that the ὅτι-clause refers to the absolute time of the Prologue while the preceding words merely give the order in which the ministries of John and Jesus began). S. on ὀπίσω 2b.② on the front surface of someth., in front (opp. ὄπισθεν, as cp. Ezk 2:10) Rv 4:6.—DELG s.v. πρόσθε(ν). M-M. -
26 ἰσχύω
ἰσχύω fut. ἰσχύσω; 1 aor. ἴσχυσα; pf. ptc. sg. n. ἰσχυκός (Da 4:20 Theod.) (s. ἰσχύς; Pind.+ in sense ‘be strong, prevail’)① be in possession of one’s physical powers, be in good health οἱ ἰσχύοντες those who are healthy (Soph., Tr. 234; X., Cyr. 6, 1, 24, Mem. 2, 7, 7) Mt 9:12; Mk 2:17.② to have requisite personal resources to accomplish someth., have power, be competent, be ableⓐ πολύ be able to do much (cp. Diod S 1, 60, 2 πλέον ἰ.; 4, 23, 3; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 88 §371 τοσοῦτον ἰ.; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 77 μεῖζον ἰ., Ant. 15, 88 πλεῖστον ἰ.) Js 5:16. τί ταπεινοφροσύνη … ἰσχύει what strength humility has 1 Cl 21:8; πάντα Phil 4:13. εἰς οὐδέν be good for nothing Mt 5:13. ὅτε … ἴσχυσας τῇ ἰσχύι σου, ὥστε δύνασθαι Hs 9, 1, 2.ⓑ w. inf. foll. (Diod S 1, 83, 8; Plut., Pomp. 58, 6; PEleph 17, 23; POxy 396; 533, 16; 1345 οὐκ ἴσχυσα ἐλθεῖν σήμερον; LXX; TestSol 22:8; JosAs 10:8; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 27; Jos., Bell. 6, 367, Ant. 2, 86; Just., A I, 44, 12 al.; Tat. 15, 3) Mt 8:28; 26:40; Mk 5:4; 14:37; Lk 6:48; 8:43; 14:6, 29f; 20:26; J 21:6 (the only instance in J; s. JBoismard); Ac 6:10; 15:10; 25:7; 27:16; 2 Cl 18:2; Hv 1, 3, 3. Be strong enough σκάπτειν to dig Lk 16:3; cp. Hv 3, 8, 8. εἰς τὰς ἀκτίνας … ἀντοφθαλμῆσαι gaze at the (sun’s) rays B 5:10. Abs., though the inf. can easily be supplied fr. the context (as Sir 43:28) οὐκ ἴσχυσαν (ἐκβαλεῖν) Mk 9:18. οὐκ ἰσχύσουσιν (εἰσελθεῖν) Lk 13:24.③ to be in control, have power, be mighty (Diod S 11, 23, 3; PPetr II, 18, 12; Just., D. 90, 4) ὁ λόγος ηὔξανεν κ. ἴσχυεν Ac 19:20. μέχρι πότε θάνατος ἰσχύσει; how long will death hold its power? GEg 252, 50. ἰ. ἐν αὐταις (ταῖς ἐντολαῖς)= be strong in keeping the commandments Hm 5, 2, 8 v.l. Win out, prevail (Thu. 3, 46, 3; Dio Chrys. 17 [34], 19; ParJer 1:6 ἴσχυσα ἐπὶ τὴν ἱερὰν πόλιν) ὁ δράκων οὐκ ἴσχυσεν Rv 12:8. κατά τινος over, against someone Ac 19:16. MPol 3:1; cp. 9:1 ἴσχυε … καὶ ἀνορίζου be strong and brave (in faith).④ have meaning, be valid, be in force, esp. as legal t.t. (Diod S 2, 33, 1; Aelian, VH 2, 38 νόμον ἰσχύειν; SIG 888, 59; 151 ἴσχυσεν τὰ προστάγματα; PTebt 286, 7 νομὴ ἄδικος οὐδὲν εἰσχύει; Ath. 2, 2) of a will μήποτε ἰσχύει ὅτε ζῇ ὁ διαθέμενος Hb 9:17. οὔτε περιτομή τι ἰσχύει, οὔτε ἀκροβυστία neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything Gal 5:6.— Have the value of (IGR IV, 915a, 12 ἡ δραχμὴ ἰσχύει ἀσσάρια δέκα; Jos., Ant. 14, 106) ὅλον ἐνιαυτὸν ἰσχύει ἡ ἡμέρα the day is equal to a whole year Hs 6, 4, 4.—DELG s.v. ἰσχύς. M-M. TW. -
27 ἱλάσκομαι
ἱλάσκομαι (s. two next entries) mid. dep.; fut. ἱλάσομαι LXX; 1 aor. pass. impv. ἱλάσθητι (in mid. mng. ἱλάσθην LXX) (Hom. et al.; ins; LXX [Thackeray 270f]; s. also Dodd and Hill, below).① to cause to be favorably inclined or disposed, propitiate, conciliate (Il. 1, 100 Apollo; Hdt. 5, 47, 2 an offended Olympic victor; 8, 112, 3 Themistocles; Strabo 4, 4, 6 τὸν θεόν; Cornutus 34 p. 73, 5; Heraclit. Sto. 16 p. 24, 9 τὸν Ἥλιον; Appian, Samn. 12 §6, Hann. 27 §115 θυσίαις κ. εὐχαῖς ἱ. τ. θεούς; Herm. Wr. 1, 22; Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 116; Jos., Ant. 6, 124 τὸν θεὸν ἱ.; 8, 112, C. Ap. 1, 308 ἱ. τοὺς θεούς; SibOr 3:625628;). Pass.: of one addressed in prayer, to act as one who has been conciliated, but with focus on the initiative of the one who functions thus: be propitiated, be merciful or gracious (4 Km 24:4; La 3:42; Da 9:19 Theod.) w. dat. (of advantage, Esth 4:17h ἱλάσθητι τ. κλήρῳ σου; cp. also Ps 78:9) ἱλάσθητί μοι τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ (dat. of advantage) have mercy on me, sinner that I am Lk 18:13 (Sb 8511, 7 [ins, imperial times] ἵλαθί μοι, Μανδοῦλι [a divinity]); GJs 5:1 (twice; in the first instance perh. with inf. foll., s. deStrycker 289 n. 2).—B-D-F §314.② to eliminate impediments that alienate the deity, expiate, wipe out, of Christ as high priest εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ to expiate the sins of the people Hb 2:17 (so Mft. [NRSV ‘make a sacrifice of atonement’] cp. SIG 1042, 15f [=IG II2, 1366; II/III A.D.] ἁμαρτίαν ὀφιλέτω Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ ἣν οὐ μὴ δύνηται ἐξειλάσασθαι ‘let him be liable to Men Tyrranos for a sin he can have no hope of expiating’ [cp. 1Km 3:14; on this ins s. New Docs 3, no. 6]; Ps 64:4 τὰς ἀσεβείας ἱ.; Dssm., NB 52 [BS 225]; Breytenbach 98).—CDodd, JTS 32, ’31, 352–60; also Dodd 82–95 on ἱ. and related words (against Dodd: LMorris, ET 62, ’51, 227–33; RNicole, WTJ 17, ’55, 117–57; in support: NYoung, EvQ 55, ’83, 169–76); SLyonnet, Verbum Domini 37, ’59, 336–52, Sin, Redemption and Sacrifice, ’70, 120–66, 256–61; DHill, Gk. Words and Hebrew Mngs. ’67, 23–48; KGraystone, Ἱλάσκεσθαι and Related Words in the LXX: NTS 27, ’81, 640–56; GHorsley, New Docs, 3, 25 (on Graystone and Hill); JFitzmyer, ‘Reconciliation’ in Pauline Theology, in: No Famine in the Land (McKenzie Festschr.) ’75, 155–77; JLunceford, An Historical and Exegetical Inquiry into the NT Meaning of the ἹΛΑΣΚΟΜΑΙ Cognates, diss. Baylor ’79; CBreytenbach, Versöhnung ’89.—DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.
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