-
41 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) lauf2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) blað(síða)3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) borðvængur•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
42 leaf
szárny (ajtó), asztallap, fólia, fémfüst to leaf: lapoz, kilombosodik, kilevelesedik* * *[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) levél2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) lap3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) (lehajtható) asztallap•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
43 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) folha2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) folha3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) aba•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *[li:f] n (pl leaves) 1 folha de planta, de livro, de porta. 2 folhagem. 3 pétala de uma flor. 4 o que se assemelha à folha de uma planta. 5 chapa fina de metal. • vi+vt 1 cobrir-se de folhas. 2 virar as páginas, folhear. in leaf folheado. stuffed cabbage leaf Cook charuto de repolho. stuffed vine leaf Cook charuto de folha de uva. to burst into leaf cobrir-se repentinamente de folhas. to leaf through folhear rapidamente (livro, revista). to take a leaf out of one’s book seguir o exemplo de outrem, irritar. to turn over a new leaf mudar de vida, corrigir-se. -
44 leaf
n. yaprak, sayfa, kanat (masa), folyo* * *yaprak* * *[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) yaprak2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) yaprak3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) kanat•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
45 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) list2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) list3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) preklopna mizna plošča•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *I [li:f]nounbotany list, tobačni listi, čajni listi; list v knjigi; kovinski list, tanka kovinska ploščica, listič, folija, lamela; preklopna mizna plošča; vzdižno krilo vzdižnega mostu; krilo vrat, okna; tech zob zobatnika; ledvično saloin leaf — ozelenel, v listjuto turn over a leaf — obrniti list, prelistavatifiguratively to turn over a new leaf — poboljšati se, začeti novo življenjeII [li:f]1.intransitive verbzeleneti;2.transitive verb Americanlistati (po knjigi) ( through)III [li:f]nounmilitary slang dopust -
46 leaf
• oven puolisko• ikkunaluukku• vilkaista• puolisko• pöytälevy• metallilevy• lehtiä• lehti• lehteillä* * *li:fplural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) lehti2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) lehti3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) jatkolevy•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
47 leaf
I [liːf]1) (of plant) foglia f.to come into leaf — [ tree] mettere le foglie, germogliare
2) (of paper) foglio m.; (of book) pagina f., foglio m.3) (of gold, silver) foglia f.4) (of table) (sliding, removable) prolunga f.; (hinged) ribalta f.••II [liːf]to take a leaf out of sb.'s book — prendere esempio o trarre ispirazione da qcn.
* * *[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) foglia2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) foglio, pagina3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) prolunga•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *I [liːf]1) (of plant) foglia f.to come into leaf — [ tree] mettere le foglie, germogliare
2) (of paper) foglio m.; (of book) pagina f., foglio m.3) (of gold, silver) foglia f.4) (of table) (sliding, removable) prolunga f.; (hinged) ribalta f.••II [liːf]to take a leaf out of sb.'s book — prendere esempio o trarre ispirazione da qcn.
-
48 leaf
1. noun, pl. leaves1) Blatt, das2) (of paper) Blatt, das2. intransitive verbturn over a new leaf — (fig.) einen neuen Anfang machen; sich ändern; see also academic.ru/8158/book">book 1. 1)
leaf through something — etwas durchblättern; in etwas (Dat.) blättern
* * *[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) das Blatt2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) das Blatt3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) das Ausziehbrett•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *I. n<pl leaves>[li:f, pl li:vz]dead \leaf verwelktes Blattto be in/come into \leaf Blätter haben/bekommen\leaf of paper Blatt nt Papiershe turned the leaves of the book slowly sie blätterte die Seiten des Buchs langsam umto pull out/put in a/the \leaf eine/die Ausziehplatte herausnehmen/einsetzen5.▶ to shake like a \leaf wie Espenlaub zitternII. vi[li:f]1. (of book, periodical)▪ to \leaf through sth etw durchblättern* * *[liːf]1. n pl leaves1) Blatt ntto come into leaf — grün werden, ausschlagen (poet)
he swept the leaves into a pile — er fegte das Laub auf einen Haufen
2) (of paper) Blatt ntto take a leaf out of or from sb's book — sich (dat) von jdm eine Scheibe abschneiden
it's time you turned over a new leaf, said the teacher — es wird Zeit, dass du dich änderst, sagte der Lehrer
3) (of table) Ausziehplatte fpull the leaves out — zieh den Tisch aus!
gold/silver leaf — Blattgold/-silber nt
2. vi* * *leaf [liːf]A pl leaves [liːvz] s1. BOT Blatt n:leaf blade Blattspreite f;leaf bud Blattknospe f;in leaf belaubt;come into leaf ausschlagen, zu sprießen beginnen3. kolla) Teeblätter plb) Tabakblätter pl4. Blatt n (im Buch):take a leaf out of sb’s book fig sich ein Beispiel nehmen an jemandem, sich von jemandem eine Scheibe abschneiden umg;turn over a new leaf fig ein neues Leben beginnen, einen neuen Anfang machen5. TECHa) (Fenster-, Tür) Flügel mc) Ausziehplatte f (eines Tisches):pull out the leaves den Tisch ausziehend) Aufziehklappe f (einer Klappbrücke)6. TECH Blatt n, (dünne) Folie, Lamelle f:leaf brass Messingfolie7. TECHa) Blatt n (einer Feder)b) Zahn m (am Triebrad)c) Blattfeder fB v/ileaf out US ausschlagen, zu sprießen beginnenC v/t US durchblättern* * *1. noun, pl. leaves1) Blatt, das2) (of paper) Blatt, das2. intransitive verbturn over a new leaf — (fig.) einen neuen Anfang machen; sich ändern; see also book 1. 1)
leaf through something — etwas durchblättern; in etwas (Dat.) blättern
* * *n.(§ pl.: leaves)= Blatt ¨-er n. -
49 leaf
[liːf] 1. pl leaves, nto turn over a new leaf — rozpoczynać (rozpocząć perf) nowe życie
2. vtto take a leaf out of sb's book — brać (wziąć perf) z kogoś przykład
Phrasal Verbs:* * *[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) liść2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) kartka, płatek3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) klapa (stołu)•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
50 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) lapa2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) (grāmatas) lapa3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) (saliekamā galda) nolaižamā puse•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *lapotne; lapa; loksne, plāksne; salapot; šķirstīt, pārlapot -
51 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) lapas2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) lapas, lakštas3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) atlenkiamoji (stalo) lenta•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
52 leaf
n. löv; blad; blad (i bok); tunt blad; folie; metallfolie; klaff, skiva--------v. bläddra igenom, bläddra; blomma; blomstra* * *[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) löv, blad2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) blad3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) klaff, skiva•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
53 joint
1) соединение; сочленение ( поворотное или линейное); шарнир; узел2) степень подвижности ( робота)3) стык; спай; шов4) точка пересечения (линий, поверхностей); место соединения или стыка5) соединять, соединяться, присоединять, присоединяться; сочленять, сочленяться; сращивать; пригонять, пригонять стык6) разъём; линия разъёма (напр. литейной формы)8) вчт. стык устройства передачи сигнала•- air joint
- airtight joint
- angle joint
- articulated joint
- autochange joint
- ball joint
- ball-and-socket joint
- bayonet joint
- bellows expansion joint
- bellows joint
- belt joint
- beveled joint
- bolt joint
- bolted joint
- box joint
- box-lid joint
- braze joint
- brazed joint
- break joint
- breeches joint
- butt joint
- butt-brazed joint
- butt-riveted joint
- butt-soldered joint
- butt-welded joint
- caulked joint
- cemented joint
- cemented lap joint
- chain joint
- chamfered joint
- circumferential joint
- clamp joint
- clasp joint
- close joint
- closed butt joint
- compensation joint
- concealed joint
- connection joint
- constant velocity joint
- cooperating joints
- corner joint
- cross bar joint
- cylindrical joint
- dead joint
- detachable joint
- distributed joint
- double swivel joint
- double-rivet joint
- double-riveted joint
- double-row rivet joint
- double-shear rivet joint
- double-shear riveted joint
- dovetail joint
- dowel joint
- doweled joint
- edge joint
- elbow joint
- erection joint
- expansion joint
- eye joint
- fastener joint
- fillet joint
- firm joint
- firm-and-impervious joint
- fish joint
- fixed joint
- flange joint
- flanged joint
- flat joint
- flexible joint
- flush joint
- globe joint
- glue joint
- glued joint
- grill joint
- ground joint
- half joint
- heat-insulation joint
- hinge joint
- hydraulic joint
- insulated joint
- interfacial joint
- involute spline joint
- ISO taper joint
- joint of dies
- key joint
- kinematic joint
- knee joint
- knuckle joint
- knuckle-and-socket joint
- laced joint
- lap joint
- lap-brazed joint
- lap-riveted joint
- lap-soldered joint
- lap-welded joint
- lever knuckle joint
- linear axis joint
- linkage joint
- lock joint
- longitudinal joint
- metal-to-metal joint
- miter joint
- modular joint
- movable joint
- muff joint
- multiple joint
- nipple joint
- nonorthogonal joint
- open joint
- orthogonal joint
- overlap joint
- overlapping joint
- parallel-row rivet joint
- parallel-row riveted joint
- permanent joint
- pin joint
- pipe joint
- plumbed joint
- polygon shaft joint
- polygonal joint
- powered joint
- pressure-tight joint
- prismatic joint
- probe change joint
- resulting joint
- revolute joint
- ring joint
- rivet joint
- riveted joint
- rocker joint
- rotary joint
- safety joint
- scarf butt brazed joint
- scarf butt soldered joint
- scarf joint
- screw joint
- screwed joint
- sectionalizing joint
- serrated joint
- shear joint
- single shear rivet joint
- single shear riveted joint
- single-rivet joint
- single-row-riveted joint
- sliding joint
- sliding socket joint
- sliding universal joint
- slip joint
- socket joint
- soldered joint
- spline joint
- staggered rivet joint
- staggered riveted joint
- steam-tight joint
- stop joint
- straight joint
- straight-spline joint
- strap joint
- strapped joint
- sweated joint
- swivel joint
- swiveling joint
- taper joint
- tee joint
- tee-brazed joint
- tee-soldered joint
- telescoped joint
- threaded joint
- three-lobed polygonal joint
- T-joint
- toggle joint
- transition joint
- transverse joint
- trifurcating joint
- triple-passage air joint
- triple-rivet joint
- triple-riveted joint
- turning joint
- union joint
- universal joint
- unorthogonal joint
- vertical joint of dies
- weld joint
- welded joint
- wrist joint
- Y-jointEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > joint
-
54 Leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) list2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) list3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) sklápěcí deska•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *• Leaf• list rostliny -
55 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) list2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) list3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) sklápěcí deska•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *• list• lupen -
56 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) list2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) list3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) sklápacia doska•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf* * *• sklopná doska• hárok• list• lístie -
57 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) frunză2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) foaie3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) planşetă cu care se poate mări suprafaţa unei mese•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
58 leaf
[li:f]plural - leaves; noun1) (a part of a plant growing from the side of a stem, usually green, flat and thin, but of various shapes depending on the plant: Many trees lose their leaves in autumn.) φύλλο2) (something thin like a leaf, especially the page of a book: Several leaves had been torn out of the book.) φύλλο, σελίδα3) (an extra part of a table, either attached to one side with a hinge or added to the centre when the two ends are apart.) αποσπώμενη προέκταση τραπεζιού•- leaflet- leafy
- turn over a new leaf -
59 bolt
1) болт2) задвижка, засов, язык замка3) стержень, палец, ось, шкворень, шпилька4) бревно для распиловки; короткомер; сортимент5) рулон обивочного, настилочного материала6) сито, грохот7) стрела8) скреплять, стягивать болтами; закреплять шпильками10) просеивать, грохотить•to bolt on — приболчивать, закреплять, затягивать болтом
to cotter-pin a bolt — закреплять болт чекой, шпилькой
- adjuster bolt - adjusting bolt - anchor bolt - assembling bolt - barb bolt - barrel bolt - binding bolt - black bolt - blank bolt - butterfly bolt - button-head bolt - case bolt - casement window bolt - clamp bolt - clamping bolt - clevice bolt - coneheaded bolt - conical head bolt - connecting bolt - construction bolt - countersunk-headed bolt - coupling bolt - die-rolled section foundation bolt - dimension bolt - door bolt - double-end bolt - double-screw bolt - drift bolt - draw bolt - erection bolt - expansion bolt - fang bolt - fastening bolt - field bolt - finished bolt - fitting-up bolt - flange bolt - flush bolt - foot bolt - foundation bolt - fox bolt - ground bolt - hacked bolt - high-precision bolt - hinge bolt - holding down bolt - hook bolt - hook foundation bolt - insert bolt - jag bolt - knurled foundation bolt - lewis bolt - link bolt - long bolt - lug bolt - nut bolt - packing bolt - pan-head bolt - panic bolt - paper bolts - pivot bolt - precision bolt - puller bolt - rag bolt - rough bolt - round-head bolt - safety bolt - screw bolt - shackle bolt - slip bolt - snap-head bolt - splice bolt - split bolt - sprig bolt - spring bolt - square-head bolt - stamped bolt - stay bolt - stirrup bolt - stone bolt - stone lifting bolt - stove bolt - stud bolt - swing bolt - swivel bolt - T-headed bolt - T-bolt - terminal bolt - threaded bolt - through bolt - tie bolt - truss bolt - tyre bolt - urned boltto slacken a bolt — "отдавать" болт
* * *1. болт2. задвижка, засов3. короткий отрезок бревна4. упаковка с рулонами обоев ( содержащая два и более рулонов)5. решето, сито- assembling bolt
- barb bolt
- black bolt
- box bolt
- bright turned bolt
- cane bolt
- catch bolt
- coach bolt
- cup-square bolt
- dead bolt
- door bolt
- drift bolt
- espagnolette bolt
- expansion bolt
- extension flush bolt
- eye bolt
- field bolt
- fishtail bolt
- fitting-up bolt
- flat head bolt
- flush bolt
- foot bolt
- fox bolt
- high-strength bolt
- high-strength friction grip bolt
- high-strength grip bolt
- high-tension bolt
- holding-down bolt
- hook bolt
- Huck bolt
- key bolt
- lag bolt
- load indicating bolt
- loose bolt
- pillar bolt
- rag bolt
- ribbed head bolt
- rock bolts
- safety bolt
- she bolt
- site bolt
- slotted rock bolt
- through bolt
- Torshear bolt
- U bolt
- veneer bolt -
60 end
1) конец; край2) мн. ч. эндсы, дилены; головки; торцы; концы3) торец, торцевая поверхность; торцевая стенка4) крышка, дно, днище5) разрушение (напр. конструкции)6) конечный, крайний, концевой7) кончать; прекращать•- end of brick - end of connecting road - end of run - abutting ends - after end - batten ends - blunt end of pile - boot end - box pipe end - built-in end - built-up ends - business end - butt end - cable end - crosscut end - cutting end - deal ends - direction fixed ends - discharge end - drive end - entry end - eye end - faucet end - feed end - female end of pipe - fixed end - flared end - flat end - freely supported end - gable end - hinge end - hinged end - hipped end - hooked end of bar - internally upset end - liquid end - male end of pipe - merely supported ends - ornament rafter end - outlet end - pin end - pin pipe end - plane pipe end - power end - restrained end - simply supported end - shank end - shield end - spigot end - square end - terminal end - top end - unpointed end of pile - wear end - wire end* * *1. конец; наконечник2. торец; головка3. днище ( резервуара)4. заканчивать(ся)заканчиваться¦заканчивать, оканчивать(ся)оканчиваться¦оканчивать, завершать5. конечный, крайний, концевойend fixed against longitudinal movement — конец ( стержня), закреплённый [защемлённый] против продольного смещения [перемещения]
- end of curveend fixed against transverse movement — конец ( стержня), закреплённый [защемлённый] против поперечного смещения [перемещения]
- end of runway
- abutting end
- anchored end
- ball end
- beam end
- beam ends out of square
- bell end
- boiler end
- butt end
- cable end
- dapped end of beam
- dead end
- dished end
- fixed end
- free end
- gable end
- hinged end
- hipped end
- jacking end
- live end
- loose end
- median end
- muzzle end of the tool
- patent end of tube element
- pin end
- pointed end
- running end
- shunk end
- stop end
- switch end of a turnout
- tail end
- zero end of survey
См. также в других словарях:
Hinge — For the surname, see Hinge (surname). For the philatelic term, see Stamp hinge. A barrel hinge A hinge is a type of bearing that connects two solid objects, typically allowing only a limited angle of rotation between them. Two objects connected… … Wikipedia
Forest hinge-back tortoise — Conservation status Data Deficient (IUCN 2.3) Scientific classification … Wikipedia
Strap hinge — Strap Strap, n. [OE. strope, AS. stropp, L. stroppus, struppus, perhaps fr. Gr. ? a band or cord, fr. ? to twist, to turn (cf. {Strophe}). Cf. {Strop} a strap, a piece of rope.] 1. A long, narrow, pliable strip of leather, cloth, or the like;… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Natal hinge-back tortoise — Conservation status Near Threatened (IUCN 2.3) Scientific classification … Wikipedia
butt hinge — Butt Butt, But But, n. [F. but butt, aim (cf. butte knoll), or bout, OF. bot, end, extremity, fr. boter, buter, to push, butt, strike, F. bouter; of German origin; cf. OHG. b[=o]zan, akin to E. beat. See {Beat}, v. t.] 1. A limit; a bound; a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
piano hinge — /piˈænoʊ hɪndʒ/ (say pee anoh hinj) noun a hinge which runs along the length of the part to be moved, comprising two flat narrow strips of metal which interlock over a thin pin joint; typically used to hinge the lid of an upright piano. Also,… …
Parliament hinge — Parliament Par lia*ment, n. [OE. parlement, F. parlement, fr. parler to speak; cf. LL. parlamentum, parliamentum. See {Parley}.] 1. A parleying; a discussion; a conference. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] But first they held their parliament. Rom. of R.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
parliament hinge — noun : a hinge with so great a projection (as from a wall or frame) as to allow a door or shutter to swing back flat against the wall * * * a butt hinge the knuckle of which protrudes from the door so that the door when fully opened stands away… … Useful english dictionary
butterfly hinge — noun : a decorative hinge that has the appearance of a butterfly when the leaves are spread flat … Useful english dictionary
turnover hinge — noun : a hinge designed so that the door to which it is attached can be swung open flat against the wall … Useful english dictionary
Fibula (brooch) — A Fibula is an ancient brooch. (Plural: fibulae). Technically, the latin term fibulae refers specifically to Roman brooches, however, the term is widely used to refer to brooches from the entire ancient and early medieval world. Unlike modern… … Wikipedia