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export+figures+es

  • 21 edición en cartoné

    (n.) = hardback, hardcover
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.
    Ex. Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.
    * * *
    (n.) = hardback, hardcover

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.

    Spanish-English dictionary > edición en cartoné

  • 22 edición en cubierta dura

    (n.) = hardback, hardcover
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.
    Ex. Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.
    * * *
    (n.) = hardback, hardcover

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.

    Spanish-English dictionary > edición en cubierta dura

  • 23 edición en rústica

    paperback edition
    * * *
    (n.) = paperback, paperbound publishing, trade paperback
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.
    Ex. In less than 20 years paperbound publishing became really big business and intensely competitive.
    Ex. Technically speaking, trade paperbacks which reprint stories from an ongoing comic book title or previously published mini-series are not graphic novels at all.
    * * *
    (n.) = paperback, paperbound publishing, trade paperback

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: In less than 20 years paperbound publishing became really big business and intensely competitive.
    Ex: Technically speaking, trade paperbacks which reprint stories from an ongoing comic book title or previously published mini-series are not graphic novels at all.

    Spanish-English dictionary > edición en rústica

  • 24 edición en tapa

    (n.) = hardback, hardbound, hardcover
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.
    Ex. There are many versions of a work -- paperbacks, hardbound, and each different binding that a publisher may put on a given work -- and even if they used identical printing plates, each version would have a different ISBN.
    Ex. Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.
    * * *
    (n.) = hardback, hardbound, hardcover

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: There are many versions of a work -- paperbacks, hardbound, and each different binding that a publisher may put on a given work -- and even if they used identical printing plates, each version would have a different ISBN.
    Ex: Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.

    Spanish-English dictionary > edición en tapa

  • 25 edición en tapas duras

    (n.) = hardback, hardcover
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.
    Ex. Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.
    * * *
    (n.) = hardback, hardcover

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: Over the last few years, more and more authors of mass market romances have crossed over the paper genre line and found success in hardcover.

    Spanish-English dictionary > edición en tapas duras

  • 26 libro en rústica

    (n.) = paperback, paperback book, paperbound book, trade paperback, pocketbook
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.
    Ex. Prebinding of paperback books has been claimed to enable such books to last an average of 60 circulations compared to 10 circulations for ordinary paperbacks.
    Ex. Government agencies have taken the trouble to create a standard format for their publications and generally tidy up their presentation until in physical appearance their reports look like a collection of pamphlets or paperbound books.
    Ex. Technically speaking, trade paperbacks which reprint stories from an ongoing comic book title or previously published mini-series are not graphic novels at all.
    Ex. This journal presented a variety of significant characteristics seen in today's publications beginning with the years in which the first ' pocketbooks' came off the presses.
    * * *
    (n.) = paperback, paperback book, paperbound book, trade paperback, pocketbook

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: Prebinding of paperback books has been claimed to enable such books to last an average of 60 circulations compared to 10 circulations for ordinary paperbacks.
    Ex: Government agencies have taken the trouble to create a standard format for their publications and generally tidy up their presentation until in physical appearance their reports look like a collection of pamphlets or paperbound books.
    Ex: Technically speaking, trade paperbacks which reprint stories from an ongoing comic book title or previously published mini-series are not graphic novels at all.
    Ex: This journal presented a variety of significant characteristics seen in today's publications beginning with the years in which the first ' pocketbooks' came off the presses.

    Spanish-English dictionary > libro en rústica

  • 27 плановая цифра

    1. target
    2. target figure

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > плановая цифра

  • 28 превзойти контрольные цифры

    1. beat the target
    2. exceed the target

    перевыполнить план; превзойти контрольные цифры — beat the target

    3. outstrip the target
    4. smash the target

    плановое задание; плановая цифра; намеченная цифра; контрольная цифра — target figure

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > превзойти контрольные цифры

  • 29 Chronology

      15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.
      400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.
      202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.
      137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.
      410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.
      714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.
      1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.
      1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.
      1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.
      1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.
      1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).
      1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.
      1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.
      1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.
      1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.
      1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.
      1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.
      1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.
      1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.
      1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.
      1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.
      1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.
      1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.
      1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.
      1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.
      1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.
      1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.
      1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).
      1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.
      1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.
      1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.
      1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.
       King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.
       King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.
      1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.
      1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.
      1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.
       Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.
       Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.
       Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.
      1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.
      1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.
      1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.
      1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.
      1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.
      1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.
      1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.
      1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.
      1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.
      1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.
      1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.
      1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.
      1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.
      1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.
      1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.
      1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.
      1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.
      1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.
      1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.
      1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.
      1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.
      1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.
      1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.
      1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.
      1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.
       Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.
       King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.
      1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence of
       Brazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.
       Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.
       King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.
      1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.
      1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.
      1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.
      1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.
      1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.
      1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.
       January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.
       Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.
      1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.
      1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.
      1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.
      1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.
      1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.
       May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.
       March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.
       Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.
      1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.
      1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January
      1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.
      1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."
       28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.
       February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.
       April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.
      1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.
      1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."
      1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.
       6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.
       8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.
      1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.
      1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.
      1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
       January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.
      1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.
      1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.
      1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.
       March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.
       March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.
      1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July
      1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.
      1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).
      1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.
      1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.
       January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.
       January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.
       November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.
       October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.
       January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.
       May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.
       October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.
       January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).
       United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.
       January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.
       1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
       May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.
       June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.
       February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.
       January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.
       July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.
      2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Chronology

  • 30 Außenhandelsziffern

    Außenhandelsziffern
    export (foreign sales) figures

    Business german-english dictionary > Außenhandelsziffern

  • 31 cuota

    f.
    1 membership fee, subscription (contribución) (a entidad, club).
    cuota de admisión admission fee
    2 quota (cupo).
    las cuotas lácteas/pesqueras milk/fishing quotas (en UE)
    cuota de pantalla audience share
    3 installment. ( Latin American Spanish)
    4 toll (en autopista). (Mexican Spanish)
    5 ration, share, allowance, allotment.
    * * *
    1 (pago) membership fee, dues plural
    2 (porción) quota, share
    \
    cuota de mercado FINANZAS market share
    * * *
    noun f.
    3) subscription, fee
    4) installment, payment
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=parte proporcional) share

    cuota de pantalla — (TV) share of the viewing figures

    2) (=parte asignada) quota
    3) (=cantidad fija) [de club] membership fee, membership fees pl ; [de sindicato] dues pl

    cuota de conexión — connection charge, connection fee

    cuota de inscripción — [a un curso] enrolment fee, enrollment fee (EEUU); [a una conferencia] registration fee

    cuota de instalación — installation charge, installation fee

    cuota inicial — LAm down payment

    4) LAm (=plazo)

    por cuotas — by instalments o (EEUU) installments

    * * *
    1)
    a) (de club, asociación) membership fees (pl); ( de sindicato) dues (pl); ( de seguro) premium
    b) (AmL) ( plazo) installment*, payment
    c) (Méx) (Auto) toll
    2) ( parte proporcional) quota
    •
    * * *
    = charge, entitlement, fee, membership fee, quota, membership charge, service fee.
    Ex. PSS has nodes in many major cities: users pay ordinary call charges to the nearest node, plus a charge for the use of PSS.
    Ex. In May 1973 a paper was sent to all universities detailing the norms for university library accommodation, whereby the accommodation entitlements were further reduced to about one in five.
    Ex. Information providers pay a fee to British Telecom, and may then charge users for each frame that they consult.
    Ex. In its early years it benefited from a variety of grants to support activities and developments, but since 1971, OCLC has been supported by membership fees and grants for specific research and development projects.
    Ex. At least, in my opinion, it is not adequately supported since the catalogers at LC work under the pressure to produce -- they actually have a weekly quota they are supposed to meet.
    Ex. Exemption from membership charges for the elderly on a national scale might mean 280,000 new users.
    Ex. Librarian in public libraries are faced with the prospect of service fees.
    ----
    * asignar una cuota = allocate + quota.
    * cobrar una cuota = charge + fee.
    * cuota de admisión = intake.
    * cuota de inscripción = registration fee(s), sign-up fees, enrolment fee.
    * cuota de matrícula = enrolment fee, registration fee(s).
    * cuota de mercado = market share, mindshare.
    * cuota de producción = production quota.
    * cuota de suscripción = dues, subscription costs.
    * cuota inicial = down payment.
    * cuota mensual = monthly payment.
    * cuota única = flat one-time fee.
    * exento de cuota = non-quota.
    * no sujeto a una cuota = non-quota.
    * reducción de la cuota de los países endeudados = debt relief.
    * relacionado con el pago de cuotas = fee-related.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (de club, asociación) membership fees (pl); ( de sindicato) dues (pl); ( de seguro) premium
    b) (AmL) ( plazo) installment*, payment
    c) (Méx) (Auto) toll
    2) ( parte proporcional) quota
    •
    * * *
    = charge, entitlement, fee, membership fee, quota, membership charge, service fee.

    Ex: PSS has nodes in many major cities: users pay ordinary call charges to the nearest node, plus a charge for the use of PSS.

    Ex: In May 1973 a paper was sent to all universities detailing the norms for university library accommodation, whereby the accommodation entitlements were further reduced to about one in five.
    Ex: Information providers pay a fee to British Telecom, and may then charge users for each frame that they consult.
    Ex: In its early years it benefited from a variety of grants to support activities and developments, but since 1971, OCLC has been supported by membership fees and grants for specific research and development projects.
    Ex: At least, in my opinion, it is not adequately supported since the catalogers at LC work under the pressure to produce -- they actually have a weekly quota they are supposed to meet.
    Ex: Exemption from membership charges for the elderly on a national scale might mean 280,000 new users.
    Ex: Librarian in public libraries are faced with the prospect of service fees.
    * asignar una cuota = allocate + quota.
    * cobrar una cuota = charge + fee.
    * cuota de admisión = intake.
    * cuota de inscripción = registration fee(s), sign-up fees, enrolment fee.
    * cuota de matrícula = enrolment fee, registration fee(s).
    * cuota de mercado = market share, mindshare.
    * cuota de producción = production quota.
    * cuota de suscripción = dues, subscription costs.
    * cuota inicial = down payment.
    * cuota mensual = monthly payment.
    * cuota única = flat one-time fee.
    * exento de cuota = non-quota.
    * no sujeto a una cuota = non-quota.
    * reducción de la cuota de los países endeudados = debt relief.
    * relacionado con el pago de cuotas = fee-related.

    * * *
    A
    1 (de un club, una asociación) membership fees (pl); (de un sindicato) dues (pl); (de un seguro) premium
    pagan una cuota módica por alimentación y hospedaje they pay a modest amount for board and lodging
    ya pagó su cuota de mala suerte she's already had her share of bad luck
    2 ( AmL) (plazo) installment*, payment
    en cómodas cuotas mensuales in easy monthly installments o payments
    3 ( Méx) ( Auto) toll
    Compuestos:
    ( Arg) maintenance, alimony ( AmE)
    connection charge
    ( Esp) connection charge
    (para un curso) enrollment* fee; (en un club) joining fee, entry fee
    ( Méx) service charge
    subscription fee
    ( AmL) deposit, down payment
    compre su carro sin cuota inicial buy your car with no down payment o on no-deposit finance
    cedieron importantes cuotas de poder they surrendered a significant part o proportion of their power
    cuotas de producción production quotas
    Compuestos:
    market share
    quota of screen time
    employer's contribution ( to social security)
    * * *

     

    cuota sustantivo femenino
    a) (de club, asociación) membership fees (pl);

    ( de sindicato) dues (pl);

    b) (AmL) ( plazo) installment( conjugate installment), payment;

    ( parte proporcional) quota;

    c) (Méx) (Auto) toll

    cuota sustantivo femenino
    1 (pago) instalment
    en cuotas mensuales, in monthly instalments
    (a un club) membership fees pl, dues pl
    2 (porción) quota, share
    3 LAm carretera de cuota, toll road
    ' cuota' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    plazo
    - prima
    - abono
    - anual
    - anualidad
    - autopista
    - contado
    - entrega
    - mensualidad
    - retener
    English:
    allocation
    - due
    - entrance
    - market share
    - membership fee
    - quota
    - standing charge
    - subscription
    - down
    - fee
    - installment
    - levy
    - monthly
    - payment
    - repayment
    - standing
    - sub
    - toll
    - turn
    * * *
    cuota nf
    1. [contribución] [a entidad, club] membership fee, subscription;
    [a Hacienda] tax (payment); [a sindicato] dues cuota de abono [de teléfono] line rental;
    cuota de admisión admission fee;
    Informát cuota de conexión set-up charge o fee;
    cuota de ingreso entrance fee;
    cuota de inscripción [en congreso] registration fee;
    cuotas de la seguridad social social security contributions, Br ≈ National Insurance contributions;
    cuota sindical union dues
    2. Am [plazo] instalment;
    comprar en cuotas to buy on Br hire purchase o US an installment plan;
    pagar en cuotas to pay in instalments
    cuota inicial down payment
    3. [cupo] quota;
    UE
    las cuotas lácteas/pesqueras milk/fishing quotas
    cuota de exportación export quota; Econ cuota de mercado market share;
    cuota de pantalla [en televisión] audience share;
    la cuota de pantalla del cine español ha crecido hasta el 10 por ciento the number of Spanish movies being shown has risen to 10 percent;
    cuota de producción production quota
    4. Méx [importe] toll;
    autopista de cuota Br toll motorway, US turnpike
    * * *
    f
    1 share
    2 de club, asociación fee;
    cuota de abono TELEC line rental
    3 L.Am. ( plazo) installment, Br
    instalment
    * * *
    cuota nf
    1) : fee, dues
    2) : quota, share
    3) : installment, payment
    * * *
    cuota n (pago) fee

    Spanish-English dictionary > cuota

  • 32 industria de la edición

    Ex. The author examines the future of the book publishing industry and presents strategies for publishers to decrease risk and increase profit.
    * * *
    la industria de la edición
    = publishing industry, the

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: The author examines the future of the book publishing industry and presents strategies for publishers to decrease risk and increase profit.

    Spanish-English dictionary > industria de la edición

  • 33 industria de la edición, la

    = publishing industry, the
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Spanish-English dictionary > industria de la edición, la

  • 34 industria editorial

    f.
    publishing trade.
    * * *
    Ex. The book industry in this country is becoming increasingly commercialized, with an attendant lowering of critical standards.
    * * *
    la industria editorial
    = publishing industry, the

    Ex: This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Ex: The book industry in this country is becoming increasingly commercialized, with an attendant lowering of critical standards.

    Spanish-English dictionary > industria editorial

  • 35 industria editorial, la

    = publishing industry, the
    Ex. This magazine gives quarterly figures of the UK publishing industry's turnover by book categories, by hardback and paperback and by home and export.

    Spanish-English dictionary > industria editorial, la

  • 36 venta

    f.
    1 sale.
    de venta en… on sale at…
    estar en venta to be for sale
    venta ambulante street vending
    venta por catálogo mail-order selling
    venta al contado cash sale
    venta por correo o por correspondencia mail-order selling
    venta a crédito credit sale
    venta directa direct selling
    venta a domicilio door-to-door selling
    venta pública public auction
    2 sales.
    han aumentado/caído las ventas sales have risen/fallen
    3 country inn (posada).
    * * *
    1 (acción) sale, selling
    2 (hostal) country inn; (restaurante) restaurant
    \
    'En venta' "For sale"
    'Venta de pisos' "Flats for sale"
    estar a la venta to be on sale
    poner a la venta (gen) to put on sale 2 (casa) to put up for sale
    contrato de venta bill of sale
    departamento de ventas sales department
    precio de venta selling price
    venta a domicilio door-to-door selling
    venta a plazos hire purchase, US instalment plan
    venta al contado cash sale
    venta al por mayor /venta al por menor wholesale / retail
    venta postbalance clearance sale, US post-inventory sale
    venta por correo mail order
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (Com) sale

    •a la venta — on sale

    •de venta, de venta únicamente en farmacias — available only at chemists'

    •en venta, estar en venta — to be (up) for sale, be on the market

    venta a plazos — hire purchase, installment plan (EEUU)

    venta callejera — peddling, hawking

    venta de garaje — ( esp Méx) garage sale

    venta por cuotas — hire purchase, installment plan (EEUU)

    venta pública — public sale, auction

    2) † (=posada) country inn
    3) (Caribe, Méx) (=tienda) small shop, stall
    ( Cono Sur) [de feria, exposición] stall, booth
    * * *
    1) (Com) sale

    estar en or a la venta — coche/bicicleta to be for sale; casa to be (up) for sale

    2) ( posada) (arc) inn, hostelry (arch)
    * * *
    1) (Com) sale

    estar en or a la venta — coche/bicicleta to be for sale; casa to be (up) for sale

    2) ( posada) (arc) inn, hostelry (arch)
    * * *
    venta1

    Ex: After lunch at a country inn you will continue on to your overnight accommodation in Drakenberg = Tras el almuerzo en una venta típica, nos dirigiremos hacia Drankenberg, donde pasaremos la noche.

    venta2
    2 = sale, selling, brokering, merchandising, dispensation, trafficking, traffic.

    Ex: The BCA hopes that the sales of the schedules will go most of the way towards making the scheme self-sufficient.

    Ex: SALESPEOPLE AND selling and FIRE FIGHTERS would be specific, and the user would not have to intuit that these headings, perhaps, covered the activities of women as well as men.
    Ex: One of the company's services is the brokering of on-line data base searches.
    Ex: Another main trend emerging is merchandising, where the public library is set up in a similar way to a retail store with items on sale.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'THERIAQUE: quality information on drugs, essential for their optimal use, prescription and dispensation' = El artículo se titula "THERIAQUE: información de calidad sobre los fármacos, esencial para su uso, prescripción y venta óptimos'.
    Ex: The author calls for state and federal laws to make the trafficking in fraudulently obtained subscriber IDs and Passwords.
    Ex: She wrote for the daily press on the manners and morals of society, on the plight of London's working women and children, and on the international traffic in women.
    * agencia de venta de billetes = ticket agent, ticket agency.
    * agencia de venta de entradas = ticket agent, ticket agency.
    * a la venta = on release.
    * anuncio de compra-venta = classified ad, classified advertisement.
    * argumento de venta = sales pitch, product pitch.
    * aumentar las ventas = boost + sales.
    * catálogo de libros en venta = publication(s) list.
    * compra-venta de coches = auto dealer.
    * condiciones de venta = terms of sale.
    * con millones de ventas = megaselling.
    * de gran venta = high selling.
    * de más ventas = best selling [bestselling/best-selling], top-selling.
    * departamento de ventas = sales team, sales department.
    * de un gran éxito de ventas = best selling [bestselling/best-selling], top-selling.
    * de venta al detalle = retail.
    * de venta al por menor = retail.
    * de venta en el mercado = commercially available.
    * de venta regular = steady-selling.
    * empresa dedicada a la venta por correo = mail order company.
    * encargado de ventas = sales manager.
    * en venta = for sale, in print, priced, on release, on sale.
    * estafa de la venta en cadena = pyramid scam.
    * estar en venta = be up for sale.
    * estrategia de ventas = sales strategy.
    * fijación de precio de venta = pricing.
    * gerente de ventas = sales manager.
    * impuesto de ventas = sales tax.
    * impuesto sobre las ventas = sales tax.
    * ingresos de ventas = sales revenue.
    * librero de venta al detalle = retail bookseller.
    * libro de mayor venta = bestseller [best seller/best-seller].
    * Libros Británicos en Rústica en Venta = Paperbacks in Print.
    * Libros Británicos en Venta = British Books in Print.
    * libros en venta = books in print.
    * línea de ventas = line.
    * lugar en el mercado de venta = market niche.
    * negocio de venta de coches usados = used car business.
    * objetivo de ventas = sales target.
    * perder una venta = lose + sale.
    * perder ventas = lose + sales.
    * poner en venta = put on + sale.
    * postventa = postpurchase.
    * precio de venta al público = cover price, list price, listed price.
    * precio de venta al público (P.V.P.) = retail price.
    * promoción de ventas = sales promotion.
    * punto de venta = outlet, point of sale.
    * red de ventas = sales network.
    * representante de ventas = sales rep, sales representative.
    * responsable de ventas = sales manager.
    * rollo de venta = sales pitch, product pitch.
    * sala de exposición y venta = show room [showroom].
    * salón de exposición y ventas = salesroom [saleroom].
    * venta agresiva = hard-sell.
    * venta al contado = cash sale.
    * venta al detalle = retailing, retail trade.
    * venta al por mayor = wholesaling, wholesale.
    * venta al por menor = retailing, retail trade.
    * venta a un precio más barato = undercutting.
    * venta de armas = arms sale.
    * venta de coches = car sales.
    * venta de entradas = ticketing.
    * venta de libros = bookselling [book selling].
    * venta de material impreso = print sale.
    * venta de productos comestibles = grocery marketing.
    * venta de tickets = ticketing.
    * venta de viviendas = home sale.
    * venta directa = direct sale, direct marketing, direct selling.
    * venta directa al público = sale + over the counter.
    * venta para consumo dentro del establecimiento = on-trade sale.
    * venta para consumo fuera del establecimiento = off-trade sale.
    * ventas = sales figures, market share, takings.
    * ventas al detalle = retail sales.
    * ventas al por menor = retail sales.
    * ventas + dispararse = sales + shoot up.
    * ventas, las = bottom line, the.
    * venta típica = country inn.
    * volumen de ventas = turnover, stock turnover, turnover of stock.

    * * *
    A ( Com) sale
    cobra un porcentaje sobre las ventas he earns a percentage on his sales o on each sale
    departamento/gerente de ventas sales department/manager
    las ventas han mermado este año sales have declined o dropped this year
    trabaja en ventas she works in sales o in the sales department
    se dedica a la compra y venta de coches usados he's in the used car business
    [ S ] exposición y ventas: Goya 13 visit our showrooms at Goya 13
    [ S ] muestra gratis, prohibida su venta free sample, not for sale
    [ S ] prohibida la venta ambulante no hawkers
    [ S ] venta anticipada de localidades advance ticket sales
    el libro saldrá a la venta la próxima semana the book will be on sale next week
    de venta en kioscos on sale at newsstands
    la casa está en venta the house is (up) for sale o is on the market
    el coche está en venta the car is for sale
    Compuestos:
    cash sale
    wholesale
    retail
    installment plan ( AmE), hire purchase ( BrE)
    sale of assets
    auto sales ( AmE), car sales ( BrE)
    ticket sales
    garage sale
    vehicle sales
    house o property sales
    cold selling, cold calling
    pyramid selling
    mail order
    mail order
    B (bar, restaurante) roadside bar/restaurant; (posada) ( arc) inn, hostelry ( arch)
    * * *

     

    venta sustantivo femenino (Com) sale;

    venta al por mayor/menor wholesale/retail;
    venta a plazos installment plan (AmE), hire purchase (BrE);
    venta por catálogo or correo mail order;
    pronto saldrá a la venta it will be on sale soon;
    estar en or a la venta [coche/bicicleta] to be for sale;

    [ casa] to be (up) for sale
    venta f Com Fin sale: estará a la venta este fin de semana, it will be on sale this weekend
    no está en venta, it's not for sale
    venta a plazos, hire purchase, US installment plan
    venta al contado, cash sale
    venta al por mayor/al por menor, wholesale/retail
    ' venta' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    almacén
    - despacho
    - erradicación
    - homologar
    - negocio
    - pormenor
    - postventa
    - posventa
    - PVP
    - replantear
    - salida
    - subasta
    - tenderete
    - callejero
    - expendio
    - precio
    - prohibir
    - saldo
    - traspaso
    English:
    asking price
    - average
    - ban
    - bazaar
    - bonded warehouse
    - car-boot sale
    - cash sale
    - cash-and-carry
    - disposal
    - footwear
    - for
    - hard sell
    - insider dealing
    - insider trading
    - issue
    - opposite
    - outlaw
    - outlet
    - P.O.S.
    - percentage
    - release
    - retail
    - retail outlet
    - retail price
    - retail sale
    - retailing
    - ring up
    - sale
    - sell
    - sell-out
    - selling
    - selling price
    - showroom
    - ticket agency
    - wholesale
    - bill
    - business
    - carry
    - cash
    - deal
    - dealer
    - hard
    - mail
    - market
    - out
    - prescription
    - print
    - recommend
    - ticket
    - withdraw
    * * *
    venta nf
    1. [acción] sale;
    de venta en tiendas especializadas on sale in specialist shops o at specialist retailers;
    estar en venta to be for sale;
    poner a la venta [casa] to put up for sale;
    [producto] to put on sale;
    salir a la venta [producto] to go on sale;
    el equipo de ventas the sales team
    venta ambulante street vending;
    venta automatizada vending-machine sale;
    venta por catálogo mail-order selling;
    venta al contado cash sale;
    venta por correo mail-order selling;
    venta por correspondencia mail-order selling;
    venta a crédito credit sale;
    venta directa direct selling;
    venta a domicilio door-to-door selling;
    venta en línea on-line selling;
    venta al por mayor wholesale;
    ventas nacionales domestic sales;
    venta on-line on-line selling;
    venta piramidal pyramid selling;
    venta sobre plano sale of customized goods;
    venta a plazos sale by instalments, Br hire purchase;
    venta pública public auction;
    venta telefónica telephone sales
    2. [cantidad] sales;
    la venta de hoy ha sido importante sales have been strong today;
    han aumentado/caído las ventas sales have risen/fallen;
    una novela que arrasa en ventas a novel with phenomenal sales
    3. [posada] country inn
    4.
    La Venta [centro arqueológico] = ancient Olmec city near the town of Villahermosa, Mexico
    5. Chile [puesto en fiestas] refreshment stand
    * * *
    f sale;
    en venta for sale;
    estar/poner a la venta be/put on sale
    * * *
    venta nf
    1) : sale
    2)
    venta al detalle : retail sales
    * * *
    venta n sale

    Spanish-English dictionary > venta

  • 37 Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent

    SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology
    [br]
    b. 26 August 1743 Paris, France
    d. 8 May 1794 Paris, France
    [br]
    French founder of the modern science of chemistry.
    [br]
    As well as receiving a formal education in law and literature, Lavoisier studied science under some of the leading figures of the day. This proved to be an ideal formation of the man in whom "man of science" and "public servant" were so intimately combined. His early work towards the first geological map of France and on the water supply of Paris helped to win him election to the Royal Academy of Sciences in 1768 at the youthful age of 25. In the same year he used some of his private income to buy a part-share in the "tax farm", a private company which leased from the Government the right to collect certain indirect taxes.
    In 1772 Lavoisier began his researches into the related phenomena of combustion, respiration and the calcination or oxidation of metals. This culminated in the early 1780s in the overthrow of the prevailing theory, based on an imponderable combustion principle called "phlogiston", and the substitution of the modern explanation of these processes. At the same time, understanding of the nature of acids, bases and salts was placed on a sounder footing. More important, Lavoisier defined a chemical element in its modern sense and showed how it should be applied by drawing up the first modern list of the chemical elements. With the revolution in chemistry initiated by Lavoisier, chemists could begin to understand correctly the fundamental processes of their science. This understanding was the foundationo of the astonishing advance in scientific and industrial chemistry that has taken place since then. As an academician, Lavoisier was paid by the Government to carry out investigations into a wide variety of practical questions with a chemical bias, such as the manufacture of starch and the distillation of phosphorus. In 1775 Louis XVI ordered the setting up of the Gunpowder Commission to improve the supply and quality of gunpowder, deficiencies in which had hampered France's war efforts. Lavoisier was a member of the Commission and, as usual, took the leading part, drawing up its report and supervising its implementation. As a result, the industry became profitable, output increased so that France could even export powder, and the range of the powder increased by two-thirds. This was a material factor in France's war effort in the Revolution and the Napoleonic wars.
    As if his chemical researches and official duties were not enough, Lavoisier began to apply his scientific principles to agriculture when he purchased an estate at Frechines, near Blois. After ten years' work on his experimental farm there, Lavoisier was able to describe his results in the memoir "Results of some agricultural experiments and reflections on their relation to political economy" (Paris, 1788), which holds historic importance in agriculture and economics. In spite of his services to the nation and to humanity, his association with the tax farm was to have tragic consequences: during the reign of terror in 1794 the Revolutionaries consigned to the guillotine all the tax farmers, including Lavoisier.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1862–93, Oeuvres de Lavoisier, Vols I–IV, ed. J.B.A.Dumas; Vols V–VI, ed. E.Grimaux, Paris (Lavoisier's collected works).
    Further Reading
    D.I.Duveen and H.S.Klickstein, 1954, A Bibliography of the Works of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier 1743–1794, London: William Dawson (contains valuable biographical material).
    D.McKie, 1952, Antoine Lavoisier, Scientist, Economist, Social Reformer, London: Constable (the best modern, general biography).
    H.Guerlac, 1975, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, Chemist and Revolutionary, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons (a more recent work).
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent

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