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81 dark
[daːk]1. adjective1) without light:مُظْلِمthe dark (= not cheerful) side.
2) blackish or closer to black than white:a dark (= not very white or fair) complexion
داكِن، غامِقHer hair is dark.
شِرّير، سِرّي، مُبْهَمa dark secret.
2. nounabsence of light:ظُلْمَه، ظَلامWe are in the dark (= we have no knowledge) about what is happening.
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82 βασανίζω
βασανίζω impf. ἐβασάνιζον; fut. 3 sg. βασανίσει Sir 4:19 and βασανιεῖ 2 Macc 7:17; 1 aor. ἐβασάνισα. Pass.: 1 fut. βασανισθήσομαι; 1 aor. pass. ἐβασανίσθην (s. βάσανος; Pre-Socr.+) prim. ‘put to a test, prove’.① to subject to punitive judicial procedure, torture (Thu. 8, 92, 2; Chariton 4, 3, 2; BGU 1847, 16; PAnt 87, 13; 2 Macc 7:13; 4 Macc 6:5 al.; Jos., Ant. 2, 105; 16, 232) MPol 2:2; used on slaves (Antiphon 2, 4, 8; POxy 903, 10) 6:1.② to subject to severe distress, torment, harassⓐ harass (Maximus Tyr. 11, 2a βασανίζειν τὸν χρυσὸν ἐν πυρί =torture the gold with fire [in the smelting process]) πλοῖον βασανιζόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων a boat harassed by the waves Mt 14:24; cp. Mk 6:48 they had rough going in the waves or they were straining (at the oars?) to make headway. Synon. τυμπανίζω. In these pass. the lit. component dominates, in b and c the metaphorical.ⓑ mostly physical: in diseases (Lucian, Soloec. 6 censures this use; Jos., Ant. 9, 101; 12, 413; POxyHels 46, 19 [I/II A.D.]) Mt 8:6. Of birth-pangs (Anth. Pal. 9, 311 βάσανος has this mng.) Rv 12:2. Of Jesus as threat to evil spirits ἦλθες βασανίσαι ἡμᾶς; Mt 8:29; cp. Mk 5:7; Lk 8:28. Of prophetic testimony as source of annoyance Rv 11:10.—9:5; 14:10; 20:10; GPt 4:14; Hv 3, 7, 6; Hs 6, 4, 1f; 4; 6, 5, 3f; 6.ⓒ essentially affective IEph 8:1; ἑαυτόν torment oneself Hs 9, 9, 3 (Epict. 2, 22, 35; Philo, Deus Imm. 102). For this τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχήν (TestAsh 6:5 ἡ ψυχὴ βασανίζεται) m 4, 2, 2 (w. ταπεινοῦν); ψυχὴν δικαίαν ἀνόμοις ἔργοις ἐβασάνιζεν (Lot) felt his upright soul tormented by the lawless deeds (of the Sodomites) 2 Pt 2:8 (s. Harnack, Beitr. VII 1916, 105f).—M-M. DELG s.v. βάσανος. TW. -
83 μισέω
μισέω impf. ἐμίσουν; fut. μισήσω; 1 aor. ἐμίσησα; pf. μεμίσηκα, Pass.: fut. 3 sg. μισηθήσεται LXX; aor. ἐμισήθην (LXX; Joseph.); pf. 3 sg. μεμίσηται (Jos., Bell. 3, 376); ptc. μεμισημένος (Hom.+; ins, pap, though quite rare in both; LXX, Test12Patr, JosAs; ParJer 8:9; ApcSed 14 p. 136, 13 Ja.; AscIs 2:7; Philo, Joseph., Just., Tat., Ath.) depending on the context, this verb ranges in mng. from ‘disfavor’ to ‘detest’. The Eng. term ‘hate’ generally suggests affective connotations that do not always do justice esp. to some Semitic shame-honor oriented use of μ.=שָׂנֵא (e.g. Dt 21:15, 16) in the sense ‘hold in disfavor, be disinclined to, have relatively little regard for’.① to have a strong aversion to, hate, detestⓐ w. acc. of pers. (opp. ἀγαπάω as Dt 21:15, 16=Philo, Leg. All. 2, 48. Cp. AFridrichsen, SEÅ 5, ’40, 152–62) Mt 5:43 (PJoüon, RSR 20, 1930, 545f; MSmith, HTR 45, ’52, 71–73. Cp. the prayer of Solon [Fgm. 1, 5 Diehl3] γλυκὺν φίλοισʼ, ἐχθροῖσι πικρόν; Pind., P. 2, 83f; Archilochus Lyr. Fgm. 66 Diehl3; 1QS 1:9f; μ. τὸν … ψευσμάτων κακοσύνθετον ποιητήν Iren. 1, 15, 4 [Harv. I 152, 6] and s. ESutcliffe, Hatred at Qumran, Revue de Qumran 2, ’59/60, 345–55; KStendahl, HTR 55, ’62, 343–55; OLinton, StTh 18, ’64, 66–79; on the fut. as prescriptive form KMcKay, NovT 27, ’85, 219f; New Docs 4, 167 w. ref. to ins fr. Telmessos [II B.C.]: SEG XXIX, 1516, 4–6). 2 Cl 13:4; D 1:3; 2:7.—Lk 1:71; 6:22, 27; 19:14; J 7:7ab; 15:18f, 23f; 17:14; 1J 2:9, 11; 3:13, 15; 4:20; Rv 17:16; 19:11; Dg 2:6. ἀλλήλους Mt 24:10; Tit 3:3; D 16:4. μ. τινα δωρεάν (שָׂנֵא חִנָּם) hate someone without cause, undeservedly (s. δωρεάν 2) J 15:25 (Ps 68:5.—34:19). μ. τινα ἀδίκως hate someone wrongfully 1 Cl 60:3. Of God 1 Cl 30:6; Dg 9:2;ⓑ w. acc. of thing (Jos., Ant. 3, 274 τ. ἀδικίαν; Tat. 11, 1 πορνείαν; Did., Gen. 175, 23 τ. κακίαν) τὸ φῶς J 3:20. ἀλήθειαν 20:2; D 5:2. ἀνομίαν Hb 1:9 (Ps 44:8). τὴν γαλῆν 10:8. τὰ ἐνθάδε earthly things 2 Cl 6:6 (this pass. may also fit under 2). τὴν πονηρὰν ἐπιθυμίαν Hm 12, 1, 1. τὰ ἔργα τῶν Νικολαϊτῶν Rv 2:6. τὰ ἔργα τῆς πονηρᾶς ὁδοῦ the deeds of the evil way 4:10. τὰς ἡδυπαθείας 2 Cl 17:7. παιδείαν 1 Cl 35:8 (Ps 49:17). τὴν πλάνην 4:1. τὸ πονηρόν19:11. σοφίαν 1 Cl 57:5 (Pr 1:29). τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σάρκα Eph 5:29 (cp. Herm. Wr. 4, 6 ἐὰν μὴ τὸ σῶμα μισήσῃς, σεαυτὸν φιλῆσαι οὐ δύνασαι). τὴν ψυχήν Dg 6:5f. πᾶσαν ὑπόκρισιν 19:2b; D 4:12a. χιτῶνα Jd 23. πᾶν ὸ̔ οὐκ ἔστιν ἀρεστὸν τῷ θεῷ 19:2a; D 4:12b (cp. ApcSed 14, 8 ἃ μισεῖ μου ἡ θεότης). ὸ̔ μισῶ τοῦτο ποιῶ I do what I detest Ro 7:15.ⓒ abs. IEph 14:2; IRo 8:3; Dg 5:17 (Just., A I, 57, 1; Tat. 17, 2; Ath. 31, 1).—Pass.: of Christianity ὅταν μισῆται ἀπὸ κόσμου whenever it is hated by the world IRo 3:3 (cp. Just., A I, 4, 5 τὸ δὲ χρηστὸν μισεῖσθαι οὺ δίκαιον).—The pres. ptc. w. pres. in periphrastic conjugation, to express the long duration of the attitude (Chariton 2, 6, 1 εἰμὶ μισούμενος ὑπὸ τ. Ἔρωτος) ἔσεσθε μισούμενοι Mt 10:22; 24:9; Mk 13:13; Lk 21:17 (cp. Herm. Wr. 9, 4b). μεμισημένος (Iren. 1, 6, 3 [Harv. I 55, 14]) w. ἀκάθαρτος unclean and loathsome (for cultic reasons) of birds Rv 18:2.② to be disinclined to, disfavor, disregard in contrast to preferential treatment (Gn 29:31; Dt 21:15, 16) Mt 6:24; Lk 16:13. τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ J 12:25 or ἑαυτοῦ Lk 14:26 (cp. the formulation Plut, Mor. 556d οὐδʼ ἐμίσουν ἑαυτούς; on the theme cp. Tyrtaeus [VII B.C.] 8, 5 D.3). Ro 9:13 (Mal 1:2f). Perh. 2 Cl 6:6 (s. 1b). (JDenney, The Word ‘Hate’ in Lk 14:26: ET 21, 1910, 41f; WBleibtreu, Paradoxe Aussprüche Jesu: Theol. Arbeiten aus d. wissensch. Prediger-Verein d. Rheinprovinz, new ser. 20, 24, 15–35; RSockman, The Paradoxes of J. ’36).—ACarr, The Mng. of ‘Hatred’ in the NT: Exp. 6th ser., 12, 1905, 153–60.—DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
84 στεφανόω
στεφανόω (στέφανος) fut. 2 sg. στεφανώσει Ps 5:13 Aq., Sym.; 1 aor. ἐστεφάνωσα. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. στεφανωθήσεται 3 Macc 3:28; 1 aor. ἐστεφανώθην; pf. ptc. ἐστεφανωμένος (Hom.+)① to encircle someone’s head with ornamental foliage, wreathe, crown τινά (s. στέφανος 1) someone (Diod S 20, 94, 5) Hs 8, 2, 1. The winner in an athletic contest (who received a wreath of some botanical variety), pass. (Pind., O. 4, 14; Hdt. 8, 59; PCairZen 60, 7 [257 B.C.]) 2 Ti 2:5; 2 Cl 7:1; cp. 7:2, 3; 20:2 (where 2 Cl passes over to the crowning of the victor in the immortal contest. See the hymn to Sarapis IG XI/4, 1299, 9f [c. 200 B.C.] διὰ τὴν εὐσέβειαν ἐστεφανώθη ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ). Hs 8, 3, 6; 8, 4, 6.—One of the two goats on the great Day of Atonement (Lev 16:5ff) is called ἐστεφανωμένος and is taken to be a type of Christ B 7:9.② to recognize distinguished service or performance with an award, honor, reward, crown, fig. ext. of 1 (Pind., Eur. et al.—Cebes 22, 1 στ. δυνάμει; 23, 4) δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν Hb 2:7 (Ps 8:6); cp. vs. 9 (Windisch, Hdb. ad loc. [lit.]). Of Polycarp the martyr ἐστεφανωμένος τὸν τῆς ἀφθαρσίας στέφανον MPol 17:1 (Diod S 16, 13, 1 στεφάνοις ἐστεφανωμένους; cp. Iren. 5, 29, 1 [Harv. II 404]). Cp. 2 Cl 20:2 (s. 1 above). Pregnant constr. στεφανωθεὶς κατʼ αὐτῆς crowned as victor (in the struggle) against it (i.e., evil desire) Hm 12, 2, 5.—So intimately are the terms τιμή and τιμάω (q.v.) associated with the awarding of a wreath or crown that the usage of these terms suggests the kinds of qualities or deeds that invite such public recognition (s. MBlech, Studien zum Kranz bei den Griechen ’82, 161; lit. xvii–xxxiii).—DELG s.v. στέφω. M-M. TW. -
85 גאולה
גְּאוּלָּהf. (b. h. גְּאֻלָּה; גאל) 1) redemption, delivery. Meg.15a, a. fr. מביא ג׳ לעולם causes redemption to come (through his good deeds). Cant. R. to II, 2 בגְאוּלַּת מחר of to-morrows redemption, i. e. Messianic days.Kidd.15b גאולת עצמו redemption from service by himself, ג׳ קרובים by relatives, ג׳ אחרים by strangers (Lev. 25:47 sq.). Pes.118a מן הג׳ than delivery (from evil); a. fr. (Lev. R. s. 32, end; Koh. R. to IV, 1, read גּוֹאֲלָהּ, v. גּוֹאֵל.Pl. גְּאוּלֹּות. Y.Peah VII, 20b bot. שתי ג׳ two redemptions (of fruits). 2) Gullah, a) that section of the prayers between the Shma (שְׁמַע) and the Tfillah (תְּפִלָּה), so called from its contents. Ber.9b סמך ג׳ לתפלה he recited the Tfillah immediately after closing the Gullah (with the benediction גאל ישראל). Ib. 4b; a. fr.b) the seventh benediction of the Tfillah. prayer for redemption. Meg.17b. -
86 גְּאוּלָּה
גְּאוּלָּהf. (b. h. גְּאֻלָּה; גאל) 1) redemption, delivery. Meg.15a, a. fr. מביא ג׳ לעולם causes redemption to come (through his good deeds). Cant. R. to II, 2 בגְאוּלַּת מחר of to-morrows redemption, i. e. Messianic days.Kidd.15b גאולת עצמו redemption from service by himself, ג׳ קרובים by relatives, ג׳ אחרים by strangers (Lev. 25:47 sq.). Pes.118a מן הג׳ than delivery (from evil); a. fr. (Lev. R. s. 32, end; Koh. R. to IV, 1, read גּוֹאֲלָהּ, v. גּוֹאֵל.Pl. גְּאוּלֹּות. Y.Peah VII, 20b bot. שתי ג׳ two redemptions (of fruits). 2) Gullah, a) that section of the prayers between the Shma (שְׁמַע) and the Tfillah (תְּפִלָּה), so called from its contents. Ber.9b סמך ג׳ לתפלה he recited the Tfillah immediately after closing the Gullah (with the benediction גאל ישראל). Ib. 4b; a. fr.b) the seventh benediction of the Tfillah. prayer for redemption. Meg.17b. -
87 חבל
חָבַל(b. h.; cmp. חבב) 1) to seize, to take a pledge. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa, s.1, a. e., v. חֲבוֹלָה.B. Mets. IX, 13 (115a) החוֹבֵל את הריחים he who seizes millstones (for his debt); a. fr. 2) to twist (v. חֶבֶל); to do violence, unshape; to inflict a wound, to hurt (followed by ב of the object). B. Kam.VIII, 1 החוֹבֵל בחבירו he who injures his neighbor. Sabb.XIV, 1. Ib. 106a חיבל בצריך לכלבו one who wounds (an animal on the Sabbath is guilty) when he needs the blood for his dog. Ib. חובל בעלמא one who wounds generally (not for a purpose); a. fr. 3) to writhe, travail, v. Pi. Nif. נֶחְבַּל 1) to be seized. Yalk. Ex. 351 שניתן לֵיחָבֵל ביום (B. Mets. 114b לַחֲבוֹל) which may be seized as a pledge in day time. 2) to be injured. Tosef.B. Kam. IX, 29 אע״פ שלא … מן הנֶחְבָּלוכ׳ although the injurer does not ask the injured (to pray for him), the injured must pray ; a. fr. Pi. חִיבֵּל 1) to injure, wound; to unshape, ruin, spoil. Ber.51a יש לי … לחַבֵּל I have permission to injure (kill). B. Kam.91b לחַבֵּל בעצמו to mutilate ones self.Kel. XIV, 2 משיְחַבֵּל from the moment he batters (the tube, for fitting it into the top of the staff); Tosef. Ib. B. Mets.IV, 5 משיִחְבּוֹל, v. חָבַר. Num. R. s. 10 (play on חִבֵּל, Prov. 23:34) שהִבְּלָתוֹ יעלוכ׳ whom Jael mutilated on his head. Yalk. Ex. 301 חִבַּלְתֶּם מעשיכם you have ruined (turned to evil) your deeds. Snh.24a מְחַבְּלִין זה לזהוכ׳ (Ms. K. זה את זה) wound each others feelings in discussions; a. fr. 2) to travail. Taan.8a bot. מְחַבֶּלֶת ואינה יולדת (Rashi: חוֹבֶלֶת) travails but cannot give birth.Pass. pass. מְחוּבָּל ruined. Ex. R. s. 30. Hithpa. הִתְחַבֵּל to be spoiled, ruined. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa, s.1 נותן דבר המְחַבֵּל לתוך דבר המִתְחַבֵּל he puts a thing which spoils (the taste) into a thing which is spoiled. -
88 חָבַל
חָבַל(b. h.; cmp. חבב) 1) to seize, to take a pledge. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa, s.1, a. e., v. חֲבוֹלָה.B. Mets. IX, 13 (115a) החוֹבֵל את הריחים he who seizes millstones (for his debt); a. fr. 2) to twist (v. חֶבֶל); to do violence, unshape; to inflict a wound, to hurt (followed by ב of the object). B. Kam.VIII, 1 החוֹבֵל בחבירו he who injures his neighbor. Sabb.XIV, 1. Ib. 106a חיבל בצריך לכלבו one who wounds (an animal on the Sabbath is guilty) when he needs the blood for his dog. Ib. חובל בעלמא one who wounds generally (not for a purpose); a. fr. 3) to writhe, travail, v. Pi. Nif. נֶחְבַּל 1) to be seized. Yalk. Ex. 351 שניתן לֵיחָבֵל ביום (B. Mets. 114b לַחֲבוֹל) which may be seized as a pledge in day time. 2) to be injured. Tosef.B. Kam. IX, 29 אע״פ שלא … מן הנֶחְבָּלוכ׳ although the injurer does not ask the injured (to pray for him), the injured must pray ; a. fr. Pi. חִיבֵּל 1) to injure, wound; to unshape, ruin, spoil. Ber.51a יש לי … לחַבֵּל I have permission to injure (kill). B. Kam.91b לחַבֵּל בעצמו to mutilate ones self.Kel. XIV, 2 משיְחַבֵּל from the moment he batters (the tube, for fitting it into the top of the staff); Tosef. Ib. B. Mets.IV, 5 משיִחְבּוֹל, v. חָבַר. Num. R. s. 10 (play on חִבֵּל, Prov. 23:34) שהִבְּלָתוֹ יעלוכ׳ whom Jael mutilated on his head. Yalk. Ex. 301 חִבַּלְתֶּם מעשיכם you have ruined (turned to evil) your deeds. Snh.24a מְחַבְּלִין זה לזהוכ׳ (Ms. K. זה את זה) wound each others feelings in discussions; a. fr. 2) to travail. Taan.8a bot. מְחַבֶּלֶת ואינה יולדת (Rashi: חוֹבֶלֶת) travails but cannot give birth.Pass. pass. מְחוּבָּל ruined. Ex. R. s. 30. Hithpa. הִתְחַבֵּל to be spoiled, ruined. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa, s.1 נותן דבר המְחַבֵּל לתוך דבר המִתְחַבֵּל he puts a thing which spoils (the taste) into a thing which is spoiled. -
89 שלם I, שלם
שָׁלֵםI, שָׁלַם, (b. h.) to be whole, complete; to end, cease. Y.Sot.VIII, 22c bot. שלום שבימיו שָׁלְמָהוכ׳ Zedekiah was named Shallum, because in his days ended the reign of the house of Judah; Y.Shek.VI, 49d top; Y.Hor.III, 47c bot.; Bab. ib. 11b; Ker.5b ששלם (corr. acc.); Yalk. Kings 250; Yalk. Chr. 1085. Pesik. R. s. 6 (ref. to 1 Kings 7:51) כיון שבא … עכשיו שלמה מלאכתוכ׳ when Solomon came and built the Temple, the Lord said, now the work of heaven and earth (creation) is complete; Yalk. Kings 186 שְׁלֵימָה. Pesik. R. l. c. כיון שהִשְׁלִימוּ … שלמה נפשם when the workmen had finished their work, their life was finished (they died); Yalk. l. c.; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁלִים 1) to complete, finish. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra. Y.R. Hash. I, 57a top; Y.Shebi.II, 34a top מכיון שהוא עומד … מַשְׁלִים שנתו since he stands in (has entered) the third year of the tree, he may count it a full year. Yoma 33a (ref. to Lev. 6:5, play on עליח … השלמים) עליח הַשְׁלֵם כלוכ׳ with it (the evening sacrifice) cease all sacrifices (none can be offered after it). B. Kam.10a החופר … והִשְׁלִימָהּ לעשרה if one digs a pit nine cubits deep, and another comes and completes it to the legal size of ten. Ber.47b שחרר … והִשְׁלִימוֹוכ׳ he freed his slave and used him to complete the quorum of ten persons. Ib. 8b המשלים פרשיותיו, v. פָּרָשָׁה I. Pesik. R. l. c. לכך נקרא שלמה שה׳ … לתוך מעשה ידיו he is called Shlomoh (perfect), because God caused the work of creation to be perfected through his handiwork (the Temple); Yalk. Kings l. c.; a. fr.Esp. to finish the fast-day. Taan.VII, 9 יַשְׁלִימוּ they must fast the whole day. Yoma 82a מַשְׁלִימִין they must fast to the end of the day; a. fr.Part. pass. מוּשְׁלָם perfect, virtuous. Hor. l. c. he was named Shallum שהיה מ׳ במעשיו Ag. Hatt. (ed. משולם) because he was perfect in his deeds; Yalk. Kings 250; Yalk. Chr. l. c. 2) (denom. of שָׁלוֹם) to make friends, or to surrender. Succ.52a (ref. to Prov. 25:22) א״ת יְשַׁלֵּם אלא יַשְׁלִימֶנּוּ לך read not yshallem (he will pay) but, he will surrender him (the evil spirit) to thee; (comment.; he will make him be friends with thee).Part. pass. as ab. Num. R. s. 74> אחד עשר יום היו מוּשְׁלָמִים לאלהים eleven days were they (the Israelites) at peace with God (adhered to him sincerely); כ״ט יום … מוּשְׁלָמִין twenty-nine days they were sincere servants of God, opp. עשו את העגל. Ib. אינם מושלמים ליוכ׳ (ed. Wil. משלמים, corr. acc.) they will be faithful to me only forty days. Gen. R. s. 16, beg. מ׳ לבוראו faithful to his Creator; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁלַם to be finished, to end. Tanḥ. Mishp. 19 המלאך אומר נ׳ פלוני the angel says, such and such has ended (must die). Pi. שִׁלֵּם 1) to perfect.Part. pass. מְשוּלָּם. Hor. l. c., v. supra. Yalk. Lev. 458 מְשוּלָּמִים, v. שָׁלוֹם. 2) to compensate, reward, pay. Pesik. R. l. c. (play on יתשלם, 1 Kings 7:51) עלי לשַׁלֵּם להם מתן שכר it is for me to pay them their reward. Ib. עלי לשלם לו it is for me to compensate it (the month of Kislev) for its loss; ומה ש׳ לווכ׳ and wherewith did he compensate it? With the dedication under the Hasmonean house. Y.Taan.II, 65b top (ref. to Mic. 7:3) שַׁלֵּם לי יַאֲשַׁלֵּם לך (the judge says,) pay me, and I shall pay thee (decide in thy favor). B. Kam.I, 1 חב המזיק לשלםוכ׳ he that caused the damage is bound to pay Ib. 4 משַׁלֵּם נזק שלם must pay the full indemnity. B. Mets.III, 1 ש׳ ולא רצהוכ׳ if he pays in preference to making oath. B. Bath.III, 4 מְשַׁלְּמִין לי את הכל they must pay him in full. Ab. II, 16 שיְשַׁלֵּם, v. שָׂכָר; a. v. fr. -
90 שָׁלֵם
שָׁלֵםI, שָׁלַם, (b. h.) to be whole, complete; to end, cease. Y.Sot.VIII, 22c bot. שלום שבימיו שָׁלְמָהוכ׳ Zedekiah was named Shallum, because in his days ended the reign of the house of Judah; Y.Shek.VI, 49d top; Y.Hor.III, 47c bot.; Bab. ib. 11b; Ker.5b ששלם (corr. acc.); Yalk. Kings 250; Yalk. Chr. 1085. Pesik. R. s. 6 (ref. to 1 Kings 7:51) כיון שבא … עכשיו שלמה מלאכתוכ׳ when Solomon came and built the Temple, the Lord said, now the work of heaven and earth (creation) is complete; Yalk. Kings 186 שְׁלֵימָה. Pesik. R. l. c. כיון שהִשְׁלִימוּ … שלמה נפשם when the workmen had finished their work, their life was finished (they died); Yalk. l. c.; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁלִים 1) to complete, finish. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra. Y.R. Hash. I, 57a top; Y.Shebi.II, 34a top מכיון שהוא עומד … מַשְׁלִים שנתו since he stands in (has entered) the third year of the tree, he may count it a full year. Yoma 33a (ref. to Lev. 6:5, play on עליח … השלמים) עליח הַשְׁלֵם כלוכ׳ with it (the evening sacrifice) cease all sacrifices (none can be offered after it). B. Kam.10a החופר … והִשְׁלִימָהּ לעשרה if one digs a pit nine cubits deep, and another comes and completes it to the legal size of ten. Ber.47b שחרר … והִשְׁלִימוֹוכ׳ he freed his slave and used him to complete the quorum of ten persons. Ib. 8b המשלים פרשיותיו, v. פָּרָשָׁה I. Pesik. R. l. c. לכך נקרא שלמה שה׳ … לתוך מעשה ידיו he is called Shlomoh (perfect), because God caused the work of creation to be perfected through his handiwork (the Temple); Yalk. Kings l. c.; a. fr.Esp. to finish the fast-day. Taan.VII, 9 יַשְׁלִימוּ they must fast the whole day. Yoma 82a מַשְׁלִימִין they must fast to the end of the day; a. fr.Part. pass. מוּשְׁלָם perfect, virtuous. Hor. l. c. he was named Shallum שהיה מ׳ במעשיו Ag. Hatt. (ed. משולם) because he was perfect in his deeds; Yalk. Kings 250; Yalk. Chr. l. c. 2) (denom. of שָׁלוֹם) to make friends, or to surrender. Succ.52a (ref. to Prov. 25:22) א״ת יְשַׁלֵּם אלא יַשְׁלִימֶנּוּ לך read not yshallem (he will pay) but, he will surrender him (the evil spirit) to thee; (comment.; he will make him be friends with thee).Part. pass. as ab. Num. R. s. 74> אחד עשר יום היו מוּשְׁלָמִים לאלהים eleven days were they (the Israelites) at peace with God (adhered to him sincerely); כ״ט יום … מוּשְׁלָמִין twenty-nine days they were sincere servants of God, opp. עשו את העגל. Ib. אינם מושלמים ליוכ׳ (ed. Wil. משלמים, corr. acc.) they will be faithful to me only forty days. Gen. R. s. 16, beg. מ׳ לבוראו faithful to his Creator; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁלַם to be finished, to end. Tanḥ. Mishp. 19 המלאך אומר נ׳ פלוני the angel says, such and such has ended (must die). Pi. שִׁלֵּם 1) to perfect.Part. pass. מְשוּלָּם. Hor. l. c., v. supra. Yalk. Lev. 458 מְשוּלָּמִים, v. שָׁלוֹם. 2) to compensate, reward, pay. Pesik. R. l. c. (play on יתשלם, 1 Kings 7:51) עלי לשַׁלֵּם להם מתן שכר it is for me to pay them their reward. Ib. עלי לשלם לו it is for me to compensate it (the month of Kislev) for its loss; ומה ש׳ לווכ׳ and wherewith did he compensate it? With the dedication under the Hasmonean house. Y.Taan.II, 65b top (ref. to Mic. 7:3) שַׁלֵּם לי יַאֲשַׁלֵּם לך (the judge says,) pay me, and I shall pay thee (decide in thy favor). B. Kam.I, 1 חב המזיק לשלםוכ׳ he that caused the damage is bound to pay Ib. 4 משַׁלֵּם נזק שלם must pay the full indemnity. B. Mets.III, 1 ש׳ ולא רצהוכ׳ if he pays in preference to making oath. B. Bath.III, 4 מְשַׁלְּמִין לי את הכל they must pay him in full. Ab. II, 16 שיְשַׁלֵּם, v. שָׂכָר; a. v. fr. -
91 שקע
שָׁקַע(b. h.) 1) to be depressed, sink, go down. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 42c bot. אם היה חותמה שוֹקֵעַ if the seal on it was engraven, opp. בולט; Tosef. ib. V (VI), 2; Bab. ib. 43b. Gen. R. s. 19 (ref. to לרוח היום, Gen. 3:8) לרוח ששוֹקַעַת עם היום by the (western) wind that goes down with the day. Ib. כל שהיום שוקעוכ׳ the more the day goes down, the cooler it grows. Y.Sabb.I, 3d top אחד צף ואחד שוקעוכ׳ one kind of poison floats, another settles Mikv. X, 1 צלוחית שפיה שוקע a bottle the mouth of which is turned down. Men.103b, v. Hithpa.; a. fr. 2) to sink, let down. B. Mets.V, 7 מששְׁקָעוֹ בכבשן after he let the lime stones down into the kiln (Y. ed. משיִשְׁקַע כבשנו, or משיְשַׁקֵּעַ) when he has filled his kiln). Yalk. Koh. 966, v. שָׁלָה; a. e.Part. pass. שָׁקוּעַ; f. שְׁקוּעָה Bekh.43b, v. חָרַם. Ex. R. s. 1522> והארץ ש׳ במים the earth was submerged in water. Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. XV (ref. to פחתת, Lev. 13:55) שיהיו כל מראיה שְׁקוּעִין Rabad (ed. שוֹקְעִין) that all its colors appear lower (v. שַׁקִּיעַ; cmp. עָמוֹק); Yalk. Lev. 553 שוֹקְעִין; a. e.Bekh.VII, 1 ראשו ש׳, v. שָׁקוּט. Pi. שִׁיקֵּעַ to sink, let down. Snh.VI, 4 מְשַׁקְּעִין את הקורהוכ׳ they insert the trunk (of the gallows) in the ground. Y.Shek.V, end, 49b כמה ממון שִׁיקְּעוּ אבותי כאן how much money have my ancestors sunk here (in building that synagogue)!; כמה נפשות שיקעווכ׳ how many souls did thy ancestors sink here! were there no people to study the Law (on whom that money might have been spent)?; Y.Peah VIII, end, 21b. B. Mets.V, 7 Y. ed., v. supra; a. e.Trnsf. to embody in a collection without regard to original wording, to edit, abridge. Y.Hor.III, 48c top; Y.Sabb.XVI, 15c הדא דאת אמר עד שלא ש׳ בו רבי רוב משניות אבל משש׳וכ׳ what you say (that the study of the Mishnah collection is preferable) refers to the time before Rabbi had embodied and abridged most of the Mishnayoth in his edition, but since then, run at all times after the Talmud (where the discussions are quoted in their original form).Part. pass. מְשוּקָּע; f. מְשוּקַּעַת; pl. מְשוּקָּעִים, מְשוּקָּעִין; מְשוּקָּעוֹת. Koh. R. to I, 15 מקצתה מש׳ בארץ part of the boat rests on dry land. Y.B. Mets.II, beg.8b במש׳ בו when the objeot is found stuck in it, opp. בנתון בו when it is seen that it was put there. Gen. R. s. 33 שהיתה התיבה מש׳ במיםוכ׳ that the ark was eleven cubits in the water. Y.Yoma VII, beg.44a זראו של דוד מש׳ שם the seed of David is sunk there (in the family of the Resh Galutha). Y.Sabb.III, 6a top כסא שרגליו מש׳ בטיט a chair the feet of which stick in the mud. Y.ḤagI, 76d top; Y.Peah II, 17a כמה … וכולהן מש׳ במשנה many Hălakhoth have been communicated to Moses from Sinai, and they all are embodied in the Mishnah; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁקִיעַ to sink, let down. Gen. R. s. 68 ה׳הקב״ה גלגלוכ׳ the Lord caused the sun to set before its time. Ib. מה אתה בצאתך הִשְׁקַעְתִּי חמחוכ׳ as I caused the sun to set when thou didst go out Lev. R. s. 21; Pesik. Aḥăre, p. 176a>, לעולם יַשְׁקִיעַוכ׳ (Ar. s. v. רתק: יְשַׁקֵּעַ or יִשְׁקַע) man should at all times sink himself into the study of the Mishnah, for when he knocks, v. רָתַק. Koh. R. to I, 5 עד שלאה׳ שמשו … הזריחוכ׳ before God made the sun of Moses to set, he made the sun of Joshua to rise, v. שֶׁמֶש. Ib. 4 היוצר הזה מַשְׁקִיעַ כבשונו מה שמשקיעוכ׳ the potter fills his oven; what he sinks into it first, is the last to come out; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּקֵּע, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ 1) to be sunk, drowned; to be mixed tip beyond recognition. Midr. Till. to Ps. 22 המִשְׁתַּקְּעִים שוקעים את שוקעיהן those that were to he drowned, drowned those that wanted to drown them. Ruth R. to I, 17 נ׳ … בחליו was three days unconscious I on his sick-bed, opp. נתישבה דעתו he came to. Ex. R. s. 156> מִשְׁתַּקְּעִין בעונותוכ׳ are sunk in sins through the evil inclination. Ib.15> עד שנִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ תהומות until the depths were filled with water. Y.Shek.VIII, beg.51a והיו עולי רגלים משתקאיןוכ׳ the pilgrims sank in blood up to their knees; Men.103b שוקעין; Tosef.Eduy. III, 2 מפקיעין בדםוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (read: מְשוּקָּעִין; Var. מְשַׁקְּעִין את ארכובותיהן). Arakh.6b עד שלא נ׳ שםוכ׳ as long as the name of its owner (that donated it) is not merged (but is still traceable). Kidd.75a עד שיִשְׁתֵּקֵּעַ שםע״א ממנו until the name of idolatry has disappeared from him (until his idolatrous ancestry is no longer traceable). Y.Keth.I, 25d top משפחהשנ׳ בה פסולוכ׳ if a genealogical blemish is mixed up in a family, you must investigate it back to four mothers; Y.Kidd.IV, 65d bot. Ib. מה נאשה ונִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ בהנ גדולי הדור what can we do (with these families), since prominent men of the generation are mixed up with them? Ib. חמשת … וכולם נשתקעו בכהונהוכ׳ Pashhur ben Imer had five thousand slaves, and they are all mixed up with high priestly families; Y.Yeb.VIII, 9d top; (Kidd.70b נטמעו). Tanḥ. Noah 5 the Lord supported Noah שלא יִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ במעשה דור המבול lest he sink down in (the mud of) the deeds of the generation of the flood; a. fr. 2) to settle permanently, be naturalized. Sifré Deut. 301 (ref. to Deut. 26:5 ויגר) מלמד … להִשְׁתַּקֵּע אלא לגור שם this shows that he (Jacob) did not go down (to Egypt) to settle there as a citizen, but only to sojourn there. 3) to be lost in forests, fields Y.Ber.II, end, 5d ובשעה שהוא משתקעוכ׳ but when one is lost, he may even trespass on a field of crocus; (B. Kam.81a תועה). Y. Ber. l. c.; Y.B. Bath.V, 15a bot. וראו … משתקע ובא כנגדן they saw R. J. b. P. having lost his way and coming (through fields) towards them. -
92 שָׁקַע
שָׁקַע(b. h.) 1) to be depressed, sink, go down. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 42c bot. אם היה חותמה שוֹקֵעַ if the seal on it was engraven, opp. בולט; Tosef. ib. V (VI), 2; Bab. ib. 43b. Gen. R. s. 19 (ref. to לרוח היום, Gen. 3:8) לרוח ששוֹקַעַת עם היום by the (western) wind that goes down with the day. Ib. כל שהיום שוקעוכ׳ the more the day goes down, the cooler it grows. Y.Sabb.I, 3d top אחד צף ואחד שוקעוכ׳ one kind of poison floats, another settles Mikv. X, 1 צלוחית שפיה שוקע a bottle the mouth of which is turned down. Men.103b, v. Hithpa.; a. fr. 2) to sink, let down. B. Mets.V, 7 מששְׁקָעוֹ בכבשן after he let the lime stones down into the kiln (Y. ed. משיִשְׁקַע כבשנו, or משיְשַׁקֵּעַ) when he has filled his kiln). Yalk. Koh. 966, v. שָׁלָה; a. e.Part. pass. שָׁקוּעַ; f. שְׁקוּעָה Bekh.43b, v. חָרַם. Ex. R. s. 1522> והארץ ש׳ במים the earth was submerged in water. Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. XV (ref. to פחתת, Lev. 13:55) שיהיו כל מראיה שְׁקוּעִין Rabad (ed. שוֹקְעִין) that all its colors appear lower (v. שַׁקִּיעַ; cmp. עָמוֹק); Yalk. Lev. 553 שוֹקְעִין; a. e.Bekh.VII, 1 ראשו ש׳, v. שָׁקוּט. Pi. שִׁיקֵּעַ to sink, let down. Snh.VI, 4 מְשַׁקְּעִין את הקורהוכ׳ they insert the trunk (of the gallows) in the ground. Y.Shek.V, end, 49b כמה ממון שִׁיקְּעוּ אבותי כאן how much money have my ancestors sunk here (in building that synagogue)!; כמה נפשות שיקעווכ׳ how many souls did thy ancestors sink here! were there no people to study the Law (on whom that money might have been spent)?; Y.Peah VIII, end, 21b. B. Mets.V, 7 Y. ed., v. supra; a. e.Trnsf. to embody in a collection without regard to original wording, to edit, abridge. Y.Hor.III, 48c top; Y.Sabb.XVI, 15c הדא דאת אמר עד שלא ש׳ בו רבי רוב משניות אבל משש׳וכ׳ what you say (that the study of the Mishnah collection is preferable) refers to the time before Rabbi had embodied and abridged most of the Mishnayoth in his edition, but since then, run at all times after the Talmud (where the discussions are quoted in their original form).Part. pass. מְשוּקָּע; f. מְשוּקַּעַת; pl. מְשוּקָּעִים, מְשוּקָּעִין; מְשוּקָּעוֹת. Koh. R. to I, 15 מקצתה מש׳ בארץ part of the boat rests on dry land. Y.B. Mets.II, beg.8b במש׳ בו when the objeot is found stuck in it, opp. בנתון בו when it is seen that it was put there. Gen. R. s. 33 שהיתה התיבה מש׳ במיםוכ׳ that the ark was eleven cubits in the water. Y.Yoma VII, beg.44a זראו של דוד מש׳ שם the seed of David is sunk there (in the family of the Resh Galutha). Y.Sabb.III, 6a top כסא שרגליו מש׳ בטיט a chair the feet of which stick in the mud. Y.ḤagI, 76d top; Y.Peah II, 17a כמה … וכולהן מש׳ במשנה many Hălakhoth have been communicated to Moses from Sinai, and they all are embodied in the Mishnah; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁקִיעַ to sink, let down. Gen. R. s. 68 ה׳הקב״ה גלגלוכ׳ the Lord caused the sun to set before its time. Ib. מה אתה בצאתך הִשְׁקַעְתִּי חמחוכ׳ as I caused the sun to set when thou didst go out Lev. R. s. 21; Pesik. Aḥăre, p. 176a>, לעולם יַשְׁקִיעַוכ׳ (Ar. s. v. רתק: יְשַׁקֵּעַ or יִשְׁקַע) man should at all times sink himself into the study of the Mishnah, for when he knocks, v. רָתַק. Koh. R. to I, 5 עד שלאה׳ שמשו … הזריחוכ׳ before God made the sun of Moses to set, he made the sun of Joshua to rise, v. שֶׁמֶש. Ib. 4 היוצר הזה מַשְׁקִיעַ כבשונו מה שמשקיעוכ׳ the potter fills his oven; what he sinks into it first, is the last to come out; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּקֵּע, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ 1) to be sunk, drowned; to be mixed tip beyond recognition. Midr. Till. to Ps. 22 המִשְׁתַּקְּעִים שוקעים את שוקעיהן those that were to he drowned, drowned those that wanted to drown them. Ruth R. to I, 17 נ׳ … בחליו was three days unconscious I on his sick-bed, opp. נתישבה דעתו he came to. Ex. R. s. 156> מִשְׁתַּקְּעִין בעונותוכ׳ are sunk in sins through the evil inclination. Ib.15> עד שנִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ תהומות until the depths were filled with water. Y.Shek.VIII, beg.51a והיו עולי רגלים משתקאיןוכ׳ the pilgrims sank in blood up to their knees; Men.103b שוקעין; Tosef.Eduy. III, 2 מפקיעין בדםוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (read: מְשוּקָּעִין; Var. מְשַׁקְּעִין את ארכובותיהן). Arakh.6b עד שלא נ׳ שםוכ׳ as long as the name of its owner (that donated it) is not merged (but is still traceable). Kidd.75a עד שיִשְׁתֵּקֵּעַ שםע״א ממנו until the name of idolatry has disappeared from him (until his idolatrous ancestry is no longer traceable). Y.Keth.I, 25d top משפחהשנ׳ בה פסולוכ׳ if a genealogical blemish is mixed up in a family, you must investigate it back to four mothers; Y.Kidd.IV, 65d bot. Ib. מה נאשה ונִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ בהנ גדולי הדור what can we do (with these families), since prominent men of the generation are mixed up with them? Ib. חמשת … וכולם נשתקעו בכהונהוכ׳ Pashhur ben Imer had five thousand slaves, and they are all mixed up with high priestly families; Y.Yeb.VIII, 9d top; (Kidd.70b נטמעו). Tanḥ. Noah 5 the Lord supported Noah שלא יִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ במעשה דור המבול lest he sink down in (the mud of) the deeds of the generation of the flood; a. fr. 2) to settle permanently, be naturalized. Sifré Deut. 301 (ref. to Deut. 26:5 ויגר) מלמד … להִשְׁתַּקֵּע אלא לגור שם this shows that he (Jacob) did not go down (to Egypt) to settle there as a citizen, but only to sojourn there. 3) to be lost in forests, fields Y.Ber.II, end, 5d ובשעה שהוא משתקעוכ׳ but when one is lost, he may even trespass on a field of crocus; (B. Kam.81a תועה). Y. Ber. l. c.; Y.B. Bath.V, 15a bot. וראו … משתקע ובא כנגדן they saw R. J. b. P. having lost his way and coming (through fields) towards them.
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