erfa'

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(-ða, -ðr), v.

1) to honour with a funeral feast (síðan lét Egill erfa sonu sina eptir fornum sið);

2) to inherit (erfir hón allt þat eptir börn sín).

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ð, with acc. to honour with a funeral feast, cp. the Irish phrase to ‘wake’ him, Eg. 606; síðan lét Egill e. sonu sína eptir fornri síðvenju, 644, Fms. i. 161, xi. 67. 2. to inherit, N. T. and mod. writers.

β. metaph. in the phrase, e. e-t við e-n, to bear long malice, to grumble.

ð, to disinherit, Art. 130.

f

1. (Erlebnis) experience; (Kenntnis, Praxis) experience (nur Sg.); technische Erfahrung auch (technical) know-how; aus ( eigener) Erfahrung kennen, sprechen: from (one’s personal oder one’s own) experience; Erfahrung(en) sammeln oder machen gain ( oder pick up) experience; durch Erfahrung wird man klug Sprichw. you live and learn; durch Erfahrung klug werden learn the hard way; die Erfahrung machen, dass... find that...; ich musste die traurige Erfahrung machen, dass... sadly, I found that...; schlechte Erfahrungen machen have problems oder trouble ( mit with), fare geh. badly (with); gute Erfahrungen machen have no problems oder trouble at all ( mit with), fare geh. very well (with); wir haben bisher mit dem Wagen nur gute Erfahrungen gemacht we’ve had absolutely no trouble with the car so far, the car has been fine so far; die Erfahrung hat gezeigt oder gelehrt, dass... (past) experience has shown that...; da bin ich wieder um eine Erfahrung reicher allg. you learn something new every day, you live and learn; bei Enttäuschung: I’ll just have to put it down to experience; (das ist mir eine Lehre) I suppose I have learn|t (Am. -ed) something; nachdrücklicher: that’s another lesson (for me)

2. in Erfahrung bringen learn; (herausfinden) find out

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experience; know-how

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f -, -en

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1. (prägendes Erlebnis) experience

ich bin wieder um eine \Erfahrung reicher! I'm the wiser for it!

▪ jds \Erfahrungen mit jdm/etw sb's experience of sb/sth

die/diese \Erfahrung machen[, dass...] to have the/that experience [of...]

die \Erfahrung machen, dass... to find that...

[seine] \Erfahrungen machen [o sammeln] to gain experience [for oneself]

nach meiner \Erfahrung in my experience

2. (Übung) experience

jahrelange \Erfahrung years of experience

aus \Erfahrung sprechen to speak from experience

mit [entsprechender] \Erfahrung with [the appropriate] experience

3. (Kenntnis)

etw in \Erfahrung bringen to learn [or sep find out] sth

▶ durch \Erfahrung wird man klug (prov) one learns by experience

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1) experience

2)

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Erfahrung f

1. (Erlebnis) experience; (Kenntnis, Praxis) experience (nur sg);

technische Erfahrung auch (technical) know-how;

aus (eigener) Erfahrung kennen, sprechen: from (one’s personal oder one’s own) experience;

Erfahrung(en) sammeln oder

machen gain ( oder pick up) experience;

durch Erfahrung wird man klug sprichw you live and learn;

durch Erfahrung klug werden learn the hard way;

die Erfahrung machen, dass … find that …;

ich musste die traurige Erfahrung machen, dass … sadly, I found that …;

schlechte Erfahrungen machen have problems oder trouble (

mit with), fare geh badly (with);

gute Erfahrungen machen have no problems oder trouble at all (

mit with), fare geh very well (with);

wir haben bisher mit dem Wagen nur gute Erfahrungen gemacht we’ve had absolutely no trouble with the car so far, the car has been fine so far;

die Erfahrung hat gezeigt oder

gelehrt, dass … (past) experience has shown that …;

da bin ich wieder um eine Erfahrung reicher allg you learn something new every day, you live and learn; bei Enttäuschung: I’ll just have to put it down to experience; (das ist mir eine Lehre) I suppose I have learnt (US -ed) something; nachdrücklicher: that’s another lesson (for me)

2.

in Erfahrung bringen learn; (herausfinden) find out

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1) experience

2)

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experience n.

(unreg.)

1. (Kenntnis erhalten) learn (of); (gesagt bekommen) hear (about), be told (about, of); (entdecken) find out (about); discover; ich habe nichts davon erfahren auch nobody told me anything ( oder about it); sie hat es durch die Zeitung erfahren she read about it in the newspaper(s); ich habe es nur durch Zufall erfahren I only found out by chance, it was only a fluke that I heard (about it)

2. geh. Person: (erleben) experience; (erleiden) suffer, undergo; (empfangen) get; etw. am eigenen Leibe erfahren experience s.th. personally, go through s.th. o.s.

3. Sache: (Entwicklung, Veränderung etc.) undergo; (Negatives) auch suffer

II v/i: erfahren von get to know about, hear about ( oder that...)

—

I P.P. erfahren1

II Adj. experienced (in + Dat in), practi|sed (Am. -ced) (in); erfahren in (+ Dat) (bewandert) auch well versed in; er ist sehr erfahren auch he’s got a lot of experience, he really knows the score umg. ( oder what he’s doing); er ist in diesen Dingen sehr erfahren auch he’s an old hand at that sort of thing

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skilful (Adj.); conversant (Adj.); to learn ( Verb); practiced (Adj.); to get to know ( Verb); to discover ( Verb); to hear ( Verb); to find out ( Verb); experienced (Adj.); practised (Adj.); skillful (Adj.); adept (Adj.)

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1. vt

1) Nachricht etc to learn, to find out; (= hören) to hear (von about, of)

2) (= erleben) to experience; (= erleiden auch) Rückschlag to suffer; (= empfangen) Liebe, Verständnis to receive; Veränderungen etc to undergo

2. vi

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1) (having gained knowledge from experience; skilled: an experienced mountaineer.) experienced

2) (to have experience of; to feel: I have never before experienced such rudeness!) experience

3) ((with at or on) skilled through training or practice: an expert car designer; I'm expert at map-reading; Get expert advice on plumbing.) expert

4) expertly

5) (to get to know: It was then that I learned that she was dead.) learn

6) (experienced: seasoned political campaigners.) seasoned

7) ((of a person etc) having skill, especially skill gained by training: a skilled craftsman; She is skilled at all types of dressmaking.) skilled

8) ((of a person) having a great deal of experience and worldly wisdom, knowledge of how to dress elegantly etc: a sophisticated young man; She has become very sophisticated since she went to live in London.) sophisticated

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I. vt

1. (zu hören bekommen)

▪ etw [von jdm] [über jdn/etw] \erfahren Nachricht, Neuigkeit etc. to hear [or find out] sth [from sb] [about sb/sth]

▪ etw \erfahren to learn of sth

darf man Ihre Absichten \erfahren? might we enquire as to your intentions?

2. (geh: erleben)

▪ etw \erfahren to experience sth

in seinem Leben hat er viel Liebe \erfahren he experienced a lot of love in his life

3. (geh: mit sich geschehen lassen)

▪ etw \erfahren to undergo sth

II. vi (Kenntnis erhalten)

▪ von etw dat/über etw akk \erfahren to learn of [or about] sth

adj (versiert) experienced

▪ [in etw dat/auf einem Gebiet] \erfahren sein to be experienced [in sth/in a field]

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1) find out; learn; (hören) hear

2) (geh.): (erleben) experience

3) (mitmachen) undergo <change, development, etc.>; suffer < setback>

Adjektiv experienced

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erfahren¹ (irr)

A. v/t

1. (Kenntnis erhalten) learn (of); (gesagt bekommen) hear (about), be told (about, of); (entdecken) find out (about); discover;

ich habe nichts davon erfahren auch nobody told me anything ( oder about it);

sie hat es durch die Zeitung erfahren she read about it in the newspaper(s);

ich habe es nur durch Zufall erfahren I only found out by chance, it was only a fluke that I heard (about it)

2. geh Person: (erleben) experience; (erleiden) suffer, undergo; (empfangen) get;

etwas am eigenen Leibe erfahren experience sth personally, go through sth o.s.

3. Sache: (Entwicklung, Veränderung etc) undergo; (Negatives) auch suffer

B. v/i:

erfahren von get to know about, hear about ( oder that …)

A. pperf → erfahren¹

B. adj experienced (

in +dat in), practised (US -ced) (in);

erfahren in (+dat) (bewandert) auch well versed in;

er ist sehr erfahren auch he’s got a lot of experience, he really knows the score umg ( oder what he’s doing);

er ist in diesen Dingen sehr erfahren auch he’s an old hand at that sort of thing

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1) find out; learn; (hören) hear

2) (geh.): (erleben) experience

3) (mitmachen) undergo <change, development, etc.>; suffer < setback>

Adjektiv experienced

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experienced adj.

expert adj.

learned adj.

practical adj.

skilfull (UK) adj.

skillfull (US) adj.

sophisticated adj. adv.

adeptly adv. v.

to adept v.

to hear about something expr.

sg - erfáringen, pl - erfáringer

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(en -er) experience;

(NB bruges ikke i pl i denne tyd);

[ tale (, vide) af erfaring] speak (, know) from experience;

[ gøre den erfaring at] find that;

[ gøre sine erfaringer] learn by experience;

[ bringe i erfaring] learn, be informed;

[ jeg har gode erfaringer med den] in my experience it has been very good; I have found it very satisfactory.

Adv.: erfahrungsgemäß dauert es eine Stunde experience has shown ( oder shows) that ( oder we know from experience) that it takes an hour

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experiential (Adj.); empirical (Adj.)

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adv in sb's experience

\erfahrungsgemäß ist... experience shows that...

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Adverb in our/my experience

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erfahrungsgemäß adv:

erfahrungsgemäß dauert es eine Stunde experience has shown ( oder shows) that ( oder we know from experience) that it takes an hour

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Adverb in our/my experience

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empirical adj.

experiential adj. adv.

empirically adv.

from experience expr.

v/t

1. (packen) seize (auch fig.), grasp; von Furcht etc. erfasst werden fig. be seized with ( oder gripped by) fear etc.

2. (mit sich reißen) Auto: hit, strike, collide with; Wirbel, Strömung etc.: sweep ( oder carry) away; von den Rädern erfasst werden be caught under the wheels; von einem Auto erfasst werden be hit ( oder knocked down, run over) by a car

3. fig. (verstehen) grasp, understand, appreciate, get umg.; (erkennen) realize, see; du hast’s erfasst! umg. you’ve got it!, you’ve cracked it!, you’ve got there! iro.

4. (mit einbeziehen) include, cover; (abdecken) cover; statistisch: register, record, list; zahlenmäßig: count; (Daten) collect, record, file; steuerlich erfassen tax; erfasst sein vom Verfassungsschutz etc.: be on file, be ( oder have been) registered; wir sind vermutlich erfasst auch they’ve probably got us down on their files umg., they’ll probably have a file on (each of) us

5. Text am PC: capture, key in; ein handgeschriebenes Manuskript muss vor dem Redigieren erfasst werden a handwritten manuscript has to be put on disk ( oder scanned in oder captured oder keyed in) before editing

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(Daten) to capture; to register; to record;

(greifen) to grasp; to pack;

(verstehen) to grasp

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1) (=mitreißen Auto, Strömung) to catch

2) (Furcht, Verlangen etc) to seize

3) (= begreifen) to grasp, to comprehend, to understand

4) (= einbeziehen) to include; (= registrieren) to record, to register; Daten to capture

5) (rare = ergreifen) to seize, to catch (hold of)

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1. (mitreißen)

▪ etw/jdn \erfassen Auto, Strömung to catch sth/sb

2. (befallen)

▪ jdn \erfassen to seize sb

sie wurde von Furcht erfasst she was seized by fear

eine tiefe Traurigkeit erfasste ihn he was overcome with great sadness

3. (begreifen)

▪ etw \erfassen to understand [or grasp] sth

genau, du hast's erfasst! exactly, you've got it!

4. ADMIN (registrieren)

▪ etw \erfassen to record sth

etw statistisch \erfassen to record sth statistically

5. INFORM (eingeben)

▪ etw \erfassen to capture sth

etw erneut \erfassen to recapture sth; Daten, Text to enter sth

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1) (mitreißen) catch

2) (begreifen) grasp < situation, implications, etc.>

3) (registrieren) register; record

4) (einbeziehen) cover

5) (packen) seize

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erfassen v/t

1. (packen) seize (auch fig), grasp;

von Furcht etc

erfasst werden fig be seized with ( oder gripped by) fear etc

2. (mit sich reißen) Auto: hit, strike, collide with; Wirbel, Strömung etc: sweep ( oder carry) away;

von den Rädern erfasst werden be caught under the wheels;

von einem Auto erfasst werden be hit ( oder knocked down, run over) by a car

3. fig (verstehen) grasp, understand, appreciate, get umg; (erkennen) realize, see;

du hast’s erfasst! umg you’ve got it!, you’ve cracked it!, you’ve got there! iron

4. (mit einbeziehen) include, cover; (abdecken) cover; statistisch: register, record, list; zahlenmäßig: count; (Daten) collect, record, file;

steuerlich erfassen tax;

erfasst sein vom Verfassungsschutz etc: be on file, be ( oder have been) registered;

wir sind vermutlich erfasst auch they’ve probably got us down on their files umg, they’ll probably have a file on (each of) us

5. Text am PC: capture, key in;

ein handgeschriebenes Manuskript muss vor dem Redigieren erfasst werden a handwritten manuscript has to be put on disk ( oder scanned in oder captured oder keyed in) before editing

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1) (mitreißen) catch

2) (begreifen) grasp <situation, implications, etc.>

3) (registrieren) register; record

4) (einbeziehen) cover

5) (packen) seize

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to acquire v.

to apprehend v.

to capture v.

to gather v.

to realise (UK) v.

to realize (US) v.

to record v.

(pres. skal, skulum; pret. skyldu; pret. infin. skyldu), v. shall (denoting fate, law, bidding, necessity, duty, obligation, purpose); þat skal Eyjólfr gøra, E. shall do that; hvat skal ek honum, what shall I do with him? vega skaltu hann, thou shalt kill him; hvat skal tjald þat, what is that tent for?; hón spurði, hvat þat skyldi, she asked what was the meaning of that.

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a verb whose present is in a preterite form, see Gramm. p. xxiii; pres. skal, skalt (skaltú), skal, pl. skulum, skulut, skulu; pret. skyldi and skyldu; subj. pres. skyli, skuli; pret. skyldi and skyldu; pres. infin, skulu; pret. infin. skyldu; skyli as a kind of imperat., Hm. i, 14, 32, 41, 53–55, Og. 22. In the oldest vellums o is used throughout instead of u, skolu, skolom, skolot, skolo: with the pers. pron. suffixed, skal’k = skal ek, skola’g, skyla’g, skylda’g: with neg. suff. skal’k-at, I shall not; skal’k-a, Fms. vi. 417 (in a verse); skal-at, he shall not; skal-a, Hm. 29, 34, 37; skal-at, Ó. H. (in a verse); þú skalt-at, Kormak; skal-at-tu, Hm. 130, Sdm. 29, Skv. 1. 22, Plac. 37 (skala-þu); skulu-t, Sighvat; skyli-t, Hm. 6, 39; skyldo-at, Am. 2, 3, see Bugge (foot-note), and -at, p. 2. In mod. usage and in less correct paper transcripts of vellums or Editions the pret. infin. skulu, skyldu are replaced by the subj. skuli, skyldi; in such cases the infin. is to be restored, as, hann kvaðsk skuli, skyldi koma = skulu, skyldu koma; see munu: [Ulf. skulan = ὀφείλειν and μέλλειν, but not freq.; A. S. sculon; Engl. shall, should; O. H. G. skolan; Germ. sollen, with elided k; Dutch zullen; Dan. skulle; Swed. skola.]

B. Shall, must, denoting fate, law, bidding, need, necessity, duty, obligation, and the like, therefore the use is more positive than that of shall in Engl.; of weird or fate, skyldi, Ýt. 1, 3, 5, 7–9, 11–13, 16; deyja skal hverr um sinn, því ek land um sté’k at ek lifa skylda’k, Gh. 12: in the saying, ungr má en gamall skal, young may, old must (viz. die): of law, menn skyldi eigi hafa höfuð-skip í hafi, en ef hefði, þá skyldi þeir af taka höfuð, … baugr tvíeyringr skyldi liggja í hverju höfuð-hofi á stalla, þann baug skyldi hverr goði hafa á hendi sér til lögþinga allra þeirra er hann skyldi sjáltr heyja, … Hverr sá maðr skyldi áðr eið vinna, nefni ek í þat vætti, skyldi hann segja, hjálpi mér svá Freyr … sem ek man (not skal, which however here might be used),… skyldu vera þrjú þing í fjórðungi, … þeir skyldu nefna dóma … hverr maðr skyldi gefa toll til hofs, Landn. (Hb.) 258, 259; and in the commandments, þú skalt ekki stela, elska skaltú Dróttinn Guð þinn, N. T.: of an oath, til þess legg ek hönd á helga bók, ok þat játtar ek Guði, at ek skal svá ráða, H. E. i. 561: of bidding, ganga skal, skala gestr vera, Hm.; gáttir allar um skoðask skyli, 1; þagalt ok hugalt skyli þjóðans barn ok vígdjarft vera, glaðr ok reifr skyli gumna hverr, 14; vin sínum skal maðr vinr vera, 41; geði skaltú við þann blanda, 43: of a promise, skal ek auka mikit þína sæmd, ef…, Nj. 102: mixed references, nú skulu vér enn við leita, let us try, Ísl. ii. 367; þá er ganga skyldi undir jarðar-men … skyldi endar torfunnar vera fastir, sá maðr er skírsluna skyldi flytja, skyldi ganga þar undir, Ld. 58; prestar skulu eigi fara með sundr-görðir, K. Þ. K.; hann skal fara til þings, … hann skal rétta vættið, Grág. i. 115; nú skal þat göra, Eg. 458; hann strengði heit, at hann skyldi þess manns bani verða, Hrafn. 5; nú skalt þú deyja, Nj. 64; þá skaltú trúa, Fms. ii. 268; mæla, at eigi skyli eiga við Héðin, Nj. 32; skyldi Unnr sitja í festum, … skyldi boð vera eptir mitt sumar, 4; skaltú þiggja af mér, Fms. ii. 246; þá skaltú vera frjáls, 268, etc.

2. special usage, denoting purpose, doubt, etc., often rendered in Engl. by will; skaltú veita mér bæn þá er ek man biðja þik, wilt thou grant the request I am about to ask thee? 26; þeir Egill kröfðu dagverðar, Þorfinnr bóndi lét heimolt skyldu þat, Eg. 564; skaltú, segir Skapti, nefna fimmtar-dóminn … þrennar tylptir í fjórðungi hverjum? Nj. 150; hvat skaltú sveinn í sess minn? Eg. (in a verse); hvat skaltú, Konr ungr, kyrra fugla, Rm.; hvat skal ek hánum?—Drepa skaltú hann, Nj. 53; spurði Gunnarr hvat hann skyldi, what he was for, 57; engi vissi hvat þat skyldi, Fms. viii. 45, Al. 124; hvat skal þér afgamall þræll, of what use will he be to thee? Fms. iii. 158; hvat skal þér klumba sú? xi. 129: periphrast., þat mun íllt til frásagnar, ef ekki skal mega sjá á ykkr, at ( if one shall not be able to see that…) it hafit í bardaga verit, Nj. 97; ílla hefir dóttir mín brotið odd af oflæti sínu, ef þú skalt eigi þora, 94; Sveinn mátti eigi heita gildr konungr, ef hann skyldi eigi ( unless he) erfa föður sinn fyrir enar þriðju vetr-nætr, Fms. xi. 69; skaði mikill er þat er Þórólfr skal eigi vera tryggr mér, Eg. ch. 13; gefsk þú upp, segir Þórðr,—Eigi skal þat, segir Þórðr, I will not, Nj. 64: heill skaltú, ‘hail shalt thou!’ of welcome, Gm. 3, Hkv. i. 55; hón skyli morna, be a curse on her! Og. 32; él eitt mun verða, ok skyldi langt til annars sliks, may it be long ere such another happens, Nj. 200; sem aldri skyldi, which I never should, Fms. vii. 179.

3. so also in phrases like, görðu svo vel að koma á morgun—answer, Eg skal koma, Eg skal göra það, where the Engl. has, I will.

II. in the infin., áttú enskis annars af ván, enn þú munt hér deyja skulu, Eg. 414 A; ok muntú nú deyja skulu, þursinn, and now thou shall die, thy last hour is come, Fas. i. 385; grið man sjá maðr skolu hafa um helgina, Ó. H. 148; at Haraldr myndi skulu hafa hálfan Noreg, Fms. vi. 177; skemta mun þá fleira (dat.) skulu, 366; hafa munu þeir skulu frið um helgina, xi. 290; grunar mik at þetta muni skolu vera njósn, 333; er Guðs götur mundi fyrir skulu búa, at hann mundi leið skulu vísa, 625. 87; ek ætla mik skulu af honum hljóta inn mesta frama, it is fated to me, Eg. 19: poët. infin. skyldu, hann sagði barnit Johannem heita skyldu, 625. 86; hann kveðsk ríða skyldu, Nj. 55, Eg. 257, Ld. 116, passim.