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121 test
test nиспытаниеaerodynamic test vehicleмодель для проведения аэродинамических испытанийaircraft acceleration testsиспытания воздушного судна на перегрузкиaircraft alternate-stress testsиспытания воздушного судна на переменные нагрузкиaircraft commissioning testsэксплуатационные испытания воздушного суднаaircraft endurance testsресурсные испытания воздушного суднаaircraft environmental testиспытание воздушного судна в термобарокамереaircraft test dataданные о результатах испытаний воздушного суднаaircraft test stationиспытательная станция воздушных судовaltitude-chamber testиспытания в барокамереaltitude test facilitiesбарокамераaltitude testsвысотные испытанияanechoic test facilitiesбезэховая испытательная установкаapproach test procedureметодика испытаний при заходе на посадкуaural reception testоценка способности принимать на слухautomatic test systemсистема автоматического контроляbench-run testsстендовые испытания на выносливостьbraking action testиспытание на эффективность торможенияbraking test deviceустройство для проверки торможенияbuild-in test systemсистема встроенного контроляbuilt-in test circuitцепь встроенного контроляbuilt-in test equipmentоборудование встроенного контроляcabin leak test setустановка для проверки герметичности кабиныcalibration testтарировкаcalibration test rigтарировочный стендcertification test flightсертификационный испытательный полетcertification test operational procedureметодика сертификационных испытанийcertification testsсертификационные испытанияcheck testsконтрольные испытанияclimatic test benchтермобарокамераclimbing testиспытание на скороподъемностьcompliance testиспытание на соответствиеconduct testsпроводить испытанияcontainment testиспытание на герметичностьcontrolled-crash testиспытание с имитацией аварииdial test indicatorиндикатор с круговой шкалойdirect testиспытание в реальных условияхditching testиспытание на аварийное приводнениеendurance block testsпоэтапные ресурсные испытанияendurance testsресурсные испытанияengine ground test timeвремя опробования двигателя на землеengine test baseиспытательная станцияengine test benchстенд для испытания двигателейfactory test flightзаводской испытательный полетfactory testsзаводские испытанияfatigue testsиспытания на усталостное разрушениеfield testsэксплуатационные испытанияflatter testsиспытания на флаттерflight acceptance testконтрольный полет перед приемкойflight stress measurement testsиспытания по замеру нагрузки в полетеflight testлетное испытаниеflight test noise measurementизмерение шума в процессе летных испытанийflight test procedureметодика летных испытанийflight test recorderрегистратор летных испытанийflight test techniqueметодика летных испытанийflyover noise testиспытание на шум при пролетеfree drop testиспытание на свободное падениеfree-flight testиспытание в свободном полетеfriction test deviceустройство для замера сцепленияfull-distance testиспытание на максимальную дальность полетаfull-scale testsиспытания по полной программеfunctional testsиспытания на соответствие заданным техническим условиямgo-around testиспытание по уходу на второй кругground testsназемные испытанияhovering testиспытание в режиме висенияhydraulic test rigгидростендignition testиспытание на воспламеняемостьimpact testиспытание на ударную нагрузкуinflight engine testиспытание двигателя в полетеintegral testвстроенный контрольlanding gear drop testsдинамические испытания шассиleak testпроверка на герметичностьlicense testsсертификационные испытанияlong-run testресурсное испытаниеmanufacturer's test pilotлетчик - испытатель серийного заводаnoise certification test conditionsусловия сертификационных испытаний по шумуnoise sertification testсертификационное испытаниеnoise testиспытание на шумofficial testгосударственные испытанияoperation testsэксплуатационные испытанияpenalty testsконтрольные испытанияpercent testвыборочное испытаниеpneumatic test rigстенд для проверки пневмосистемыpreliminary testпредварительное испытаниеpressurized leakage testпроверка на герметичностьproduction test flightзаводской испытательный полетproduction testsсерийные испытанияproof-of-compliance testsиспытания на соответствие заданным техническим условиямrating testэкзамен на получение квалификационной отметкиrotocraft snow and dust testиспытание вертолета в условиях снежного и пыльного вихрейrun-in testобкатка двигателяservice life testиспытание на амортизационный ресурсshock testиспытание на ударную нагрузкуsimulated flight testиспытание путем имитации полетаstatic testsстатические испытанияstore testиспытание с наружной подвескойstructural testиспытание на прочностьsubstantiating testиспытание на подтверждениеtachometer test setустановка для проверки тахометровtakeoff noise testиспытание на шум при взлетеtaxi testsрулежные испытанияtest aerodromeиспытательный аэродромtest a fuel nozzleпроливать топливную форсункуtest aircraftиспытываемое воздушное судноtest boxбокс для испытанияtest certificateсвидетельство о проведенных испытанияхtest cycleиспытательный циклtest dataрезультаты испытанияtest environmentусловия проведения испытанийtest equipmentиспытательное оборудованиеtest facilitiesоборудование для испытанияtest flightиспытательный полетtest flow restrictorпроливать дроссельный пакетtest flyиспытательные полетыtest gears for smoothпроверять шестерни на плавность зацепленияtest in flightиспытывать в полетеtest instrumentконтрольный приборtest in the wind tunnelпродувать в аэродинамической трубеtest laboratoryиспытательная лабораторияtest landingиспытательная посадкаtest marginдопуск на испытанияtest modelопытная модельtest noiseшум при испытанииtest operationиспытательный полетtest pilotлетчик испытательtest pressureиспытательное давлениеtest procedureметодика испытанийtest reportотчет об испытанияхtest standконтрольно-проверочный стендtest the systemиспытывать системуtest ticketконтрольный билетtowing basing testиспытание в гидроканалеtransmission test indicatorсигнализатор работоспособности трансмиссииtwo-dimensional flow testиспытание в двухмерном потокеunder flight testиспытываемый в полетеundergo flight testsпроводить летные испытанияvibration testиспытание на вибрациюwind-tunnel testиспытание в аэродинамической трубе -
122 characteristic
1) свойство, признак2) характеристика; мн. ч. технические данные; параметры3) кривая•-
absolute spectral-response characteristic
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acceleration characteristic of fuel
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acceleration characteristic
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acceptable water characteristic
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adsorption-desorption characteristic of catalyst
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aerodynamic characteristics
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aerolastic characteristics
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aging characteristics
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air flow characteristic
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aircraft performance characteristics
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amplitude-versus-frequency response characteristic
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amplitude-frequency response characteristic
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amplitude-versus-frequency characteristic
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amplitude-frequency characteristic
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amplitude-phase characteristic
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anode characteristic
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attenuation characteristic
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availability characteristic
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background response characteristic
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baking characteristic
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B-H characteristic
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bonding characteristics
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brake response characteristic
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braking characteristic
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bread-making characteristic
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breakdown characteristic
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brittle-fracture characteristic
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camera spectral-sensitivity camera-taking characteristics
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camera spectral camera-taking characteristics
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camera spectral-sensitivity characteristics
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camera spectral characteristics
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casting characteristics
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cathode characteristic
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charge characteristic
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chromatic characteristic
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cleaning characteristics
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coking characteristics
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color characteristic
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color photographic characteristics
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comparison characteristics
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constant-current characteristic
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continuous cooling transformation characteristics
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control characteristic
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cooking characteristics
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corrosive characteristics
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crack propagation characteristic
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cracking characteristic of catalyst
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creep characteristic
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current-illumination characteristic
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current-voltage characteristic
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cutoff characteristic
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cutoff current characteristic
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damping characteristic
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dc characteristic
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decay characteristic
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design characteristics
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detonation characteristic
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diode characteristic
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directional characteristic
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discharge characteristic
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discharge voltage-current characteristic
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distillation characteristic
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double-humped characteristic
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drooping characteristic
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dynamic characteristic
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edibility characteristics
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efficiency-concentration characteristic
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E-I characteristic
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elastic characteristics
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electrode characteristic
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elevation characteristics
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emission characteristic
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engine full-load characteristics
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envelope delay characteristic
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etching characteristic
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exposure characteristics
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fail-safe characteristics
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falling characteristic
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fatigue characteristic
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feedback characteristic
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filtration characteristic of catalyst
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flashover characteristic
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flight characteristics
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flow characteristics
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fluidizing characteristics
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forward characteristic
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frequency-response characteristic
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frequency characteristic
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friction gearing pull characteristic
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frictional characteristic of lubricants
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fuel gravity characteristics
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full-load characteristic
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fusibility characteristic
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gain characteristic
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gain-frequency characteristic
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gain-phase characteristic
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gain-transfer characteristic
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gamma characteristic
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gray-tone characteristic
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grid characteristic
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grid-drive characteristic
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group-delay characteristic
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handling characteristic
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hardening characteristics
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heat transfer characteristic
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high-temperature stress-rupture characteristic
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holographic characteristics
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hysteresis characteristic
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impedance-frequency characteristic
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impedance characteristic
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input characteristic
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knock characteristic of gasoline
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lag characteristic
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landing characteristics
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light-transfer characteristic
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linear characteristic
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load characteristic
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longevity propagation characteristic
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luminous characteristic
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luminous-resistance characteristic
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machine characteristics
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magnetic characteristic
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magnetization characteristic
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mb characteristics
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metering characteristic
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milling characteristic
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moisture discharge characteristic
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noise characteristic
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no-load characteristic
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nozzle spray characteristic
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numerical characteristic
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open-circuit characteristic
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operating characteristics
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optimal characteristic
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output characteristic
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overload characteristics
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oxidation characteristic
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packing characteristic of polymer
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performance characteristics
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persistance characteristic
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phase-response characteristic
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phase characteristic
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photographic characteristics
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photovoltaic characteristic
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plate characteristic
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population characteristic
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pore structure characteristic of catalyst
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positive void characteristic
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power characteristic of fuel
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prearcing time/current characteristic
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pressure drop characteristics
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processing characteristics
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propulsion performance characteristics
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pulse-response characteristic
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pulse characteristic
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qualitative characteristic
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quantitative characteristic
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quantization characteristic
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recovery characteristic
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rectifying characteristic
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reliability characteristic
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resin leakage characteristics
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resistance variation characteristic
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resistance-temperature characteristic
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resolving-power characteristics
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resonance characteristic
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response characteristic
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reverse characteristic
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running characteristics
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sample characteristic
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saturation characteristic
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sensitometric characteristics
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series characteristic
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shatter characteristic
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short-circuit characteristic
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shunt characteristic
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sloping characteristic
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solidifying characteristics of oil
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spectral characteristic
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spectral-sensitivity characteristic
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speed-torque characteristic
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spin-recovery characteristics
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square-wave response characteristic
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stability characteristics
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stalling characteristics
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stall characteristics
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start/stop characteristic
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starting characteristic
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static characteristic
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steady-state characteristic
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strain-hardening characteristic
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strength characteristics
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surge characteristic
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swelling characteristic
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switching characteristic
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takeoff and landing characteristics
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temperature characteristic
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test-bench characteristics
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thermal and physical characteristics
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throttling characteristic
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time characteristic
-
time-to-failure characteristic
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timing characteristic
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toughness characteristic
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towing characteristic
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track-defining characteristics
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transfer characteristic
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transient characteristic
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transmission characteristic
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tribological characteristics
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tribometrical characteristics
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tribotechnical characteristics
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trim characteristics
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trouble-free characteristic
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turn characteristics
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unitgraph characteristics
-
unwinding characteristic
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user-definable characteristics
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viscosity-temperature characteristic
-
voltage-current characteristic
-
voltage-time characteristic
-
wavelength characteristic
-
wear characteristics
-
well producing characteristics
-
work-hardening characteristic
-
working characteristics -
123 pump
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124 facility
объект, сооружение; установка; pl. сооружения и службы; ( капитальное) оборудование; средства; см. тж. equipmentatmospheric entry test facilities — оборудование для исследования условий входа в плотные слои атмосферы
double-reverberant chamber test facility — испытательная установка с двумя реверберационными камерами
high-energy molecular beam facility — аэрд. установка с молекулярным пучком высокой интенсивности
low-cycle fatigue testing facility — установка для испытаний на малоцикловую усталость [выносливость]
plasma-arc jet test facility — плазменная установка [аэродинамическая труба] с электродуговым подогревателем
rocket engine test facility — установка [стенд] для испытания ракетных двигателей
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125 propellant
ракетное топливо; реактивное топливоaniline red fuming nitric acid propellant — ракетное топливо, состоящее из анилина и красной дымящей азотной кислоты
condensation colloid propellant for electrostatic propulsion — конденсационное коллоидное ракетное топливо для ионных ракетных двигателей
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126 Bodmer, Johann Georg
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines, Textiles, Weapons and armour[br]b. 9 December 1786 Zurich, Switzerlandd. 30 May 1864 Zurich, Switzerland[br]Swiss mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]John George Bodmer (as he was known in England) showed signs of great inventive ability even as a child. Soon after completing his apprenticeship to a local millwright, he set up his own work-shop at Zussnacht. One of his first inventions, in 1805, was a shell which exploded on impact. Soon after this he went into partnership with Baron d'Eichthal to establish a cotton mill at St Blaise in the Black Forest. Bodmer designed the water-wheels and all the machinery. A few years later they established a factory for firearms and Bodmer designed special machine tools and developed a system of interchangeable manufacture comparable with American developments at that time. More inventions followed, including a detachable bayonet for breech-loading rifles and a rifled, breech-loading cannon for 12 lb (5.4 kg) shells.Bodmer was appointed by the Grand Duke of Baden to the posts of Director General of the Government Iron Works and Inspector of Artillery. He left St Blaise in 1816 and entered completely into the service of the Grand Duke, but before taking up his duties he visited Britain for the first time and made an intensive five-month tour of textile mills, iron works, workshops and similar establishments.In 1821 he returned to Switzerland and was engaged in setting up cotton mills and other engineering works. In 1824 he went back to England, where he obtained a patent for his improvements in cotton machinery and set up a mill near Bolton incorporating his ideas. His health failing, he was obliged to return to Switzerland in 1828, but he was soon busy with engineering works there and in France. In 1833 he went to England again, first to Bolton and four years later to Manchester in partnership with H.H.Birley. In the next ten years he patented many more inventions in the fields of textile machinery, steam engines and machine tools. These included a balanced steam engine, a mechanical stoker, steam engine valve gear, gear-cutting machines and a circular planer or vertical lathe, anticipating machines of this type later developed in America by E.P. Bullard. The metric system was used in his workshops and in gearing calculations he introduced the concept of diametral pitch, which then became known as "Manchester Pitch". The balanced engine was built in stationary form and in two locomotives, but although their running was remarkably smooth the additional complication prevented their wider use.After the death of H.H.Birley in 1846, Bodmer removed to London until 1848, when he went to Austria. About 1860 he returned to his native town of Zurich. He remained actively engaged in all kinds of inventions up to the end of his life. He obtained fourteen British patents, each of which describes many inventions; two of these patents were extended beyond the normal duration of fourteen years. Two others were obtained on his behalf, one by his brother James in 1813 for his cannon and one relating to railways by Charles Fox in 1847. Many of his inventions had little direct influence but anticipated much later developments. His ideas were sound and some of his engines and machine tools were in use for over sixty years. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1835.[br]Bibliography1845, "The advantages of working stationary and marine engines with high-pressure steam, expansively and at great velocities; and of the compensating, or double crank system", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 4:372–99.1846, "On the combustion of fuel in furnaces and steam-boilers, with a description of Bodmer's fire-grate", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 5:362–8.Further ReadingObituary, 1868–9, Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 28:573–608.H.W.Dickinson, 1929–30, "Diary of John George Bodmer, 1816–17", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 10:102–14.D.Brownlie, 1925–6, John George Bodmer, his life and work, particularly in relation to the evolution of mechanical stoking', Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:86–110.W.O.Henderson (ed.), 1968, Industrial Britain Under the Regency: The Diaries of Escher, Bodmer, May and de Gallois 1814–1818, London: Frank Cass (a more complete account of his visit to Britain).RTS -
127 Cecil, Revd William
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 1792 Englandd. 1882 England[br]English inventor of a gas vacuum engine.[br]Admitted to Magdalene College, Cambridge, in 1810, Cecil was elected a Fellow in 1814. The son of an Anglican priest, he was himself ordained in 1820; he devoted his life to the Church of England, but he also showed a commendable aptitude for technical matters. His paper on a means of motive power, presented to the Cambridge Philosophical Society in 1820, created immense interest. A working model of his engine, using hydrogen as fuel, was demonstrated during the presentation. The operating principle required that a vacuum be produced in a closed cylinder by quenching a burning flame, the pressure difference between the vacuum and atmosphere then being used to produce the working stroke. Cecil's engine was never manufactured in any number, but the working principle was adapted by other pioneers, namely Samuel Brown, in 1824, and, more successfully, Otto- Langen in 1867.[br]Bibliography1820, "On the application of hydrogen gas to produce a moving power in machinery", Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 1(2):217–39.Further ReadingJohn Venn, Alumni Cantabrienses Part II (1752–1900): p. 567.KAB -
128 altitude
altitude nвысотаabsolute altitudeистинная высотаaerodrome altitudeвысота аэродромаaltimetric altitudeприборная высотаaltitude above sea levelвысота над уровнем моряaltitude alert annunciatorтабло сигнализации опасной высотыaltitude alert lightсветовой сигнализатор опасной высотыaltitude alert signalсигнал опасной высотыaltitude alert systemсистема сигнализации опасной высотыaltitude alert warningсигнализация самопроизвольного ухода с заданной высотыaltitude assignmentраспределение высотaltitude chamberбарокамераaltitude chamber drillтренировка в барокамереaltitude codeкод высотыaltitude controllerзадатчик высотыaltitude control unitвысотный корректорaltitude correctionпоправка на высотуaltitude curveкривая изменения высоты полетаaltitude encoderустройство кодирования информации о высотеaltitude engineвысотный двигательaltitude flightвысотный полетaltitude gainнепроизвольное увеличение высоты полетаaltitude holdвыдерживание высотыaltitude indicatorуказатель высотыaltitude lossпотеря высотыaltitude marginзапас высотыaltitude performanceвысотная характеристикаaltitude propellerвысотный воздушный винтaltitude rangeдиапазон высотaltitude rateскорость изменения высотыaltitude recorderрегистратор высотыaltitude selectorзадатчик высотыaltitude sensing unitблок датчика высотного корректораaltitude sensorдатчик высотыaltitude separationвертикальное эшелонированиеaltitude sicknessвысотная болезнь(пилота) altitude superchargingвысотный наддув(двигателя) altitude switchвысотный сигнализаторaltitude test facilitiesбарокамераaltitude testsвысотные испытанияat appropriate altitudeна установленной высотеautopilot altitude holdвыдерживание высоты полета автопилотомbarometric altitudeбарометрическая высотаcabin altitude indicatorуказатель высоты в кабинеcabin altitude selectorзадатчик высоты в кабинеcalibrated altitudeуточненная высотаconstant altitude controlвыдерживание постоянной высотыcorrected altitudeоткорректированная высотаcruising altitudeкрейсерская высотаdecision altitudeвысота принятия решенияdensity altitude displayиндикатор барометрической высотыdesign altitudeрасчетная высотаengine altitude performancesвысотные характеристики двигателяengine critical altitudeвысотность двигателяen-route altitudeвысота полета по маршрутуequivalent altitudeэквивалентная высотаexpress the altitudeчетко указывать высотуfinal approach altitudeвысота разворота на посадочную прямуюfinal intercept altitudeконечная высота захватаflare-out altitudeвысота выравниванияflight altitudeвысота полетаfly at the altitudeлетать на заданной высотеfuel efficient altitudeвысота оптимального расхода топливаgain in altitudeпревышение по высотеgain the altitudeнабирать заданную высотуholding altitudeвысота в зоне ожиданияincrease an altitudeувеличивать высотуindicated altitudeприборная высотаinitial approach altitudeвысота начального этапа захода на посадкуkeep the altitudeвыдерживать заданную высотуleave the altitudeуходить с заданной высотыlose the altitudeтерять высотуlow altitude en-route chartмаршрутная карта полетов на малых высотахlow altitude flight planning chartкарта планирования полетов на малых высотахmaintain the altitudeвыдерживать заданную высотуminimum altitudeминимальная высотаminimum altitude reminderуказатель минимальной высотыminimum authorized altitudeминимальная разрешенная высотаminimum descent altitudeминимальная высота сниженияminimum en-route altitudeминимальная высота по маршрутуminimum safe altitude warningпредупреждение о минимальной безопасной высотеmisjudge an altitudeнеправильно оценивать высотуnet increase in altitudeфактическое увеличение высотыobstacle clearance altitudeвысота пролета препятствийoperating altitudeрабочая высотаpreselected altitudeпредварительно выбранная высотаpreselected altitude holdвыдерживание заданной высоты полетаpressure altitudeвысота по давлениюrated altitudeрасчетная высотаreach the altitudeзанимать заданную высотуreference altitudeвысота отсчетаreport reaching the altitudeдокладывать о занятии заданной высотыrestarting altitudeвысота повторного двигателяsafe altitudeбезопасная высотаselected approach altitudeвыбранная высота захода на посадкуspecified altitudeвысота установленная заданием на полетtraffic pattern altitudeвысота установленного маршрута движенияtransition altitudeвысота переходаtrue altitudeистинная высотаwith decrease in the altitudeсо снижением высотыwith increase in the altitudeс набором высоты
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Pressure carburetor — A pressure carburetor is a type of fuel metering system for piston aircraft engines manufactured by the Bendix Corporation starting in the 1940s. It is recognized as an early type of mechanical fuel injection and was developed to prevent fuel… … Wikipedia
Engine control unit — An engine control unit (ECU) is an electronic control unit which controls various aspects of an internal combustion engine s operation. The simplest ECUs control only the quantity of fuel injected into each cylinder each engine cycle. More… … Wikipedia
Fuel system — Kraftstoff Duchfluss Messer für Flugzeuge Das Kraftstoffsystem (engl. fuel system) eines Flugzeugs dient der Versorgung eines motorbetriebenen Flugzeugs mit Kraftstoff. Je nach Flugzeugtyp und dessen konstruktiver Auslegung, ob kunstflugtauglich… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Fuel tank — A fuel tank is safe container for flammable liquids and typically part of an engine system in which the fuel is stored and propelled (fuel pump) or released (pressurized gas) into an engine. Fuel tanks range in size and complexity from the small… … Wikipedia
fuel filter — A filter in the fuel system of aircraft to prevent minute contaminants from affecting adversely the engine driven fuel pump and fuel control components. There is a low pressure filter between the supply tank and the engine fuel system and a high… … Aviation dictionary
fuel — n. & v. n. 1 material, esp. coal, wood, oil, etc., burnt or used as a source of heat or power. 2 food as a source of energy. 3 material used as a source of nuclear energy. 4 anything that sustains or inflames emotion or passion. v. (fuelled,… … Useful english dictionary
engine trimming — i. A maintenance procedure in which the turbine engine fuel control is adjusted. The idling RPM and the high end performance are adjusted to get the specified values of exhaust gas temperature or engine pressure ratio at the specified RPM. The… … Aviation dictionary