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1 אפקט
effect -
2 השפעה
effect, influence, impact, bearing, weight, pull, leaven, leavening, sway, hold; bringing abundance -
3 סממן
effect, flavor, lineament, savor, spice; drug, perfume -
4 פעלול
effect, gimmick, trick, stunt -
5 תוצא
effect, result, outcome; influence -
6 יעל
יָעַל (b. h.; cmp. עָלָה) to go up. Hif. הוֹעִיל to bring up, effect; to profit, accomplish. Y.Sot.VIII, 21c ולא הוֹעַלְתֶּם לעצמיכם כלום and you have profited nothing for yourselves; (Snh.90b העליתם בידכם); v. זוּף I. Erub.24b לחי מוֹעִילוכ׳ a post helps (has the effect of making the moving about on the Sabbath permitted) for all vineyard paths. Ib. 25a ה׳ it does good (it serves its purpose). Yoma 47a ולא הוֹעִילוּ and did not succeed (in obtaining distinction). Meg.6a אינו מועילוכ׳ will not succeed in business. Keth.10a מה הועילו חכמיםוכ׳ what have the scholars accomplished with their measure?; Gitt.17b, sq. Ib. 32b (if one said) גט זה לא יועיל this letter of divorce shall have no effect, contrad. to אינו מועיל has no effect. Ib. 57b תפלה שמוֹעֶלֶת a prayer which was efficacious. Ib. 65b (if he said, Write ye a letter of divorce and) הוֹעִילוּ לה make it of avail to her. B. Bath. 100a אין הילוך מוֹעִיל walking through the field (as a symbol of possession) has no legal effect. Ḥull.70b; a. fr. -
7 חול
חוּלch. sam(חולto turn around, circle), 1) to dance. Part. חָיֵיל. Targ. Y. Ex. 15:20 חיילין (read חַיְילָן). 2) to take effect. Yoma 14a חַיְילָא עליהוכ׳ the observation of mourning rests upon him. Ned.17a ח׳ נזירותוכ׳, v. preced. Shebu.24b ח׳ אתאנים takes effect with reference to figs. Ḥull.103a אתי … ח׳ comes and takes effect in addition to Ib. ובמיתי … מֵיחַל (מֵיחוּל)וכ׳ and they differ as to whether or not the prohibition of … comes to take effect ; a. fr. 3) to hover over ones head, be impending. Targ. Jer. 7:20; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְחָיִיל to turn in a circle, dance. Targ. Ps. 42:5 (h. text אדדם). -
8 חוּל
חוּלch. sam(חולto turn around, circle), 1) to dance. Part. חָיֵיל. Targ. Y. Ex. 15:20 חיילין (read חַיְילָן). 2) to take effect. Yoma 14a חַיְילָא עליהוכ׳ the observation of mourning rests upon him. Ned.17a ח׳ נזירותוכ׳, v. preced. Shebu.24b ח׳ אתאנים takes effect with reference to figs. Ḥull.103a אתי … ח׳ comes and takes effect in addition to Ib. ובמיתי … מֵיחַל (מֵיחוּל)וכ׳ and they differ as to whether or not the prohibition of … comes to take effect ; a. fr. 3) to hover over ones head, be impending. Targ. Jer. 7:20; a. e. Ithpa. אִתְחָיִיל to turn in a circle, dance. Targ. Ps. 42:5 (h. text אדדם). -
9 כרת
כָּרַת(b. h.; cmp. כָּרָה) 1) to cut. Num. R. s. 16 ונקרא אשכול … לִכְרוֹתוכ׳ and he (Abrahams ally) was named Eshkol (Cluster), on account of the cluster of grapes which the Israelites were destined to cut in his home.Esp. to cut genitals, mutilate. Bekh.33b נותק אחר כּוֹרֵת, v. נָתַק.Part. pass. כָּרוּת. Ib.; a. fr.כְּ׳ שפכה one that is mutilated at his membrum, v. שָׁפַךְ. Tosef.Yeb.XI, 2. Yeb.VIII, 2; a. fr. 2) (to draw a circle, place outside, cmp. meanings of חרם, ברי, to cut off, excommunicate, v. כָּרֵת. Y.Bicc.II, beg.64c; Y.Snh.XI, 30b צא … עונשין וכוֹרְתִים deduct twenty years up to which age the divine court neither punishes nor decrees excision. 3) to separate, divorce; to make final. Gitt.21b; Succ.24b (ref. to Deut. 24:3) ספר כּוֹרְתָהּוכ׳ the delivery of the deed divorces her and nothing else does. Ib. דבר הכּוֹרֵת בינו לבינה something (a condition) which (if fulfilled) severs definitely the connection between him and her (e. g. a condition that she will drink no wine for the next thirty days, after the lapse of which time the letter of divorce takes its effect retroactively, opp. to a condition that she will abstain from wine all the rest of her life in which case the letter of divorce cannot take effect).Part. pass. כָּרוּת definite. Y.Gitt.VII, 48d כגט כ׳ הוא it is like a final divorce (taking effect immediately); Y.B. Bath.VIII, 16c top כ׳ הוא. Y.Gitt.III, 44d top; IX, 50b bot. זה כ׳ לשמה ווה כ׳ לשמה (not זו) this letter was definitely made out for this woman, and so was the other for the other woman. Ib. III, beg.44c אלא שלא הי׳ לה כ׳ … ראשונה (strike out לה); a. fr. 3) to decide, make final. Ber.4a; Snh.16b (ref. to כְּרֵתִי as a symbolical name for the Urim and Tummim, or for the Sanhedrin) שכּוֹרְתִים את דבריהם they give definite and precise decisions; Midr. Till. to Ps. 3 כּוֹרְתֵי כריתות, v. כְּרִיתָה; a. e.כ׳ בְּרִית (v. בְּרִית) to covenant, make a firm promise. Gen. R. s. 44 כָּרַתָּ ב׳ עםוכ׳ thou hast promised to Noah that thou wilt not destroy his descendants; Yalk. Gen. 76 כָּרַתָּה.Part. pass. כָּרוּת, f. כְּרוּתָה. M. Kat. 18a, a. fr. ברית כ׳ לשפתים, v. בְּרִית. R. Hash 17b ב׳ כ׳ לי״ג מדזתוכ׳ there is a solemn insurance given that the invocation of the thirteen divine attributes (Ex. 34:6, sq.) will never be without effect (ref. to Ex. ib. 10).Trnsf. ב׳ כ׳ it is a necessity, unavoidable. Nidd.58b ב׳ כ׳ לו שכלוכ׳ whoever crushes it cannot help smelling it. Nif. נִכְרַת 1) to be cut, mutilated. Yeb.VIII, 2 (expl. כרות שפכה, Deut. 23:2) כלשנ׳ הגיד when the membrum is mutilated. Ib. 75b נִכְרְתוּ ביצים when the testicles are cut out; a. fr. 2) to be covenanted. Sot.37b שלא נִכְרְתוּ עליהוכ׳ upon which were not closed forty eight covenants; Tosef. ib. VIII, 11; a. fr. 3) to be cut off, destroyed. Y.Peah I, 15d bot. (ref. to Num. 15:31) מלמד שהנפש נִכְרָתָה ועונה בה which intimates that (the idolaters) soul is cut off (through premature death, כָּרֵת), while her guilt remains with her (unexpiated by death); Snh.64b (ref. to the emphasized expression הכרת תכ׳, Num. l. c.) הִכָּרֵת בעו״הזוכ׳ hiccareth refers to this world ; a. fr.Verbal noun הִיכָּרֵת, v. כָּרֵת. Hif. הִכְרִית to destroy, exterminate. Tanḥ. Reh 7 והַכְרִיתֵם and exterminate them. Ib. כשיַכְרִיתוכ׳ when the Lord … shall have destroyed …, you will enter. Tosef.Snh.IV, 5 להַכְרִית זרעווכ׳ to exterminate the seed of Amalek; a. fr. Pi. כֵּרֵת to doom to destruction. Arakh.15b שכבר כֵּרְתוֹוכ׳ for David has doomed him (ref. to Ps. 12:4); Yalk. Lev. 559. -
10 כָּרַת
כָּרַת(b. h.; cmp. כָּרָה) 1) to cut. Num. R. s. 16 ונקרא אשכול … לִכְרוֹתוכ׳ and he (Abrahams ally) was named Eshkol (Cluster), on account of the cluster of grapes which the Israelites were destined to cut in his home.Esp. to cut genitals, mutilate. Bekh.33b נותק אחר כּוֹרֵת, v. נָתַק.Part. pass. כָּרוּת. Ib.; a. fr.כְּ׳ שפכה one that is mutilated at his membrum, v. שָׁפַךְ. Tosef.Yeb.XI, 2. Yeb.VIII, 2; a. fr. 2) (to draw a circle, place outside, cmp. meanings of חרם, ברי, to cut off, excommunicate, v. כָּרֵת. Y.Bicc.II, beg.64c; Y.Snh.XI, 30b צא … עונשין וכוֹרְתִים deduct twenty years up to which age the divine court neither punishes nor decrees excision. 3) to separate, divorce; to make final. Gitt.21b; Succ.24b (ref. to Deut. 24:3) ספר כּוֹרְתָהּוכ׳ the delivery of the deed divorces her and nothing else does. Ib. דבר הכּוֹרֵת בינו לבינה something (a condition) which (if fulfilled) severs definitely the connection between him and her (e. g. a condition that she will drink no wine for the next thirty days, after the lapse of which time the letter of divorce takes its effect retroactively, opp. to a condition that she will abstain from wine all the rest of her life in which case the letter of divorce cannot take effect).Part. pass. כָּרוּת definite. Y.Gitt.VII, 48d כגט כ׳ הוא it is like a final divorce (taking effect immediately); Y.B. Bath.VIII, 16c top כ׳ הוא. Y.Gitt.III, 44d top; IX, 50b bot. זה כ׳ לשמה ווה כ׳ לשמה (not זו) this letter was definitely made out for this woman, and so was the other for the other woman. Ib. III, beg.44c אלא שלא הי׳ לה כ׳ … ראשונה (strike out לה); a. fr. 3) to decide, make final. Ber.4a; Snh.16b (ref. to כְּרֵתִי as a symbolical name for the Urim and Tummim, or for the Sanhedrin) שכּוֹרְתִים את דבריהם they give definite and precise decisions; Midr. Till. to Ps. 3 כּוֹרְתֵי כריתות, v. כְּרִיתָה; a. e.כ׳ בְּרִית (v. בְּרִית) to covenant, make a firm promise. Gen. R. s. 44 כָּרַתָּ ב׳ עםוכ׳ thou hast promised to Noah that thou wilt not destroy his descendants; Yalk. Gen. 76 כָּרַתָּה.Part. pass. כָּרוּת, f. כְּרוּתָה. M. Kat. 18a, a. fr. ברית כ׳ לשפתים, v. בְּרִית. R. Hash 17b ב׳ כ׳ לי״ג מדזתוכ׳ there is a solemn insurance given that the invocation of the thirteen divine attributes (Ex. 34:6, sq.) will never be without effect (ref. to Ex. ib. 10).Trnsf. ב׳ כ׳ it is a necessity, unavoidable. Nidd.58b ב׳ כ׳ לו שכלוכ׳ whoever crushes it cannot help smelling it. Nif. נִכְרַת 1) to be cut, mutilated. Yeb.VIII, 2 (expl. כרות שפכה, Deut. 23:2) כלשנ׳ הגיד when the membrum is mutilated. Ib. 75b נִכְרְתוּ ביצים when the testicles are cut out; a. fr. 2) to be covenanted. Sot.37b שלא נִכְרְתוּ עליהוכ׳ upon which were not closed forty eight covenants; Tosef. ib. VIII, 11; a. fr. 3) to be cut off, destroyed. Y.Peah I, 15d bot. (ref. to Num. 15:31) מלמד שהנפש נִכְרָתָה ועונה בה which intimates that (the idolaters) soul is cut off (through premature death, כָּרֵת), while her guilt remains with her (unexpiated by death); Snh.64b (ref. to the emphasized expression הכרת תכ׳, Num. l. c.) הִכָּרֵת בעו״הזוכ׳ hiccareth refers to this world ; a. fr.Verbal noun הִיכָּרֵת, v. כָּרֵת. Hif. הִכְרִית to destroy, exterminate. Tanḥ. Reh 7 והַכְרִיתֵם and exterminate them. Ib. כשיַכְרִיתוכ׳ when the Lord … shall have destroyed …, you will enter. Tosef.Snh.IV, 5 להַכְרִית זרעווכ׳ to exterminate the seed of Amalek; a. fr. Pi. כֵּרֵת to doom to destruction. Arakh.15b שכבר כֵּרְתוֹוכ׳ for David has doomed him (ref. to Ps. 12:4); Yalk. Lev. 559. -
11 חידוד
חִידּוּד, חִדּוּדm. (חָדַד) 1) the effect of the sharp edge, cut. Ḥull.8a חִידּוּדָהּ קודםוכ׳ (in cutting with a heated knife) the effect of its edge precedes the effect of the heat. 2) (b. h. חַדּוּד) pointed projection, prong. Kel. II, 5 ויש לו ח׳ and (the lid) has a pointed knob (which prevents the use of it separately as a receptacle). Ib. ואין לו ח׳ (ed. Dehr. ואינו חָדוּד, v. חָדַד). Ib. IV, 1 או שהיה בו ח׳ or (the vessel cannot stand straight) because it has a pointed bottom which makes it incline; a. fr.Pl. חִידּוּדִים, חִידּוּדִין, חִדּ׳. Ib. 3 היו בה ח׳ יוצאין if there are prongs projecting from the bottom of the misshaped vessel.Snh.94a (play on ויחד, Ex. 18:9) נעשה בשרו ח׳ ח׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) he felt like cuts in his body; Yalk. Ex. 268 חי׳ חי׳. 3) sharpening, whetting (euphem. for unnatural gratification). Snh.66b, v. הִרְדּוּס. -
12 חדוד
חִידּוּד, חִדּוּדm. (חָדַד) 1) the effect of the sharp edge, cut. Ḥull.8a חִידּוּדָהּ קודםוכ׳ (in cutting with a heated knife) the effect of its edge precedes the effect of the heat. 2) (b. h. חַדּוּד) pointed projection, prong. Kel. II, 5 ויש לו ח׳ and (the lid) has a pointed knob (which prevents the use of it separately as a receptacle). Ib. ואין לו ח׳ (ed. Dehr. ואינו חָדוּד, v. חָדַד). Ib. IV, 1 או שהיה בו ח׳ or (the vessel cannot stand straight) because it has a pointed bottom which makes it incline; a. fr.Pl. חִידּוּדִים, חִידּוּדִין, חִדּ׳. Ib. 3 היו בה ח׳ יוצאין if there are prongs projecting from the bottom of the misshaped vessel.Snh.94a (play on ויחד, Ex. 18:9) נעשה בשרו ח׳ ח׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) he felt like cuts in his body; Yalk. Ex. 268 חי׳ חי׳. 3) sharpening, whetting (euphem. for unnatural gratification). Snh.66b, v. הִרְדּוּס. -
13 חִידּוּד
חִידּוּד, חִדּוּדm. (חָדַד) 1) the effect of the sharp edge, cut. Ḥull.8a חִידּוּדָהּ קודםוכ׳ (in cutting with a heated knife) the effect of its edge precedes the effect of the heat. 2) (b. h. חַדּוּד) pointed projection, prong. Kel. II, 5 ויש לו ח׳ and (the lid) has a pointed knob (which prevents the use of it separately as a receptacle). Ib. ואין לו ח׳ (ed. Dehr. ואינו חָדוּד, v. חָדַד). Ib. IV, 1 או שהיה בו ח׳ or (the vessel cannot stand straight) because it has a pointed bottom which makes it incline; a. fr.Pl. חִידּוּדִים, חִידּוּדִין, חִדּ׳. Ib. 3 היו בה ח׳ יוצאין if there are prongs projecting from the bottom of the misshaped vessel.Snh.94a (play on ויחד, Ex. 18:9) נעשה בשרו ח׳ ח׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) he felt like cuts in his body; Yalk. Ex. 268 חי׳ חי׳. 3) sharpening, whetting (euphem. for unnatural gratification). Snh.66b, v. הִרְדּוּס. -
14 חִדּוּד
חִידּוּד, חִדּוּדm. (חָדַד) 1) the effect of the sharp edge, cut. Ḥull.8a חִידּוּדָהּ קודםוכ׳ (in cutting with a heated knife) the effect of its edge precedes the effect of the heat. 2) (b. h. חַדּוּד) pointed projection, prong. Kel. II, 5 ויש לו ח׳ and (the lid) has a pointed knob (which prevents the use of it separately as a receptacle). Ib. ואין לו ח׳ (ed. Dehr. ואינו חָדוּד, v. חָדַד). Ib. IV, 1 או שהיה בו ח׳ or (the vessel cannot stand straight) because it has a pointed bottom which makes it incline; a. fr.Pl. חִידּוּדִים, חִידּוּדִין, חִדּ׳. Ib. 3 היו בה ח׳ יוצאין if there are prongs projecting from the bottom of the misshaped vessel.Snh.94a (play on ויחד, Ex. 18:9) נעשה בשרו ח׳ ח׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) he felt like cuts in his body; Yalk. Ex. 268 חי׳ חי׳. 3) sharpening, whetting (euphem. for unnatural gratification). Snh.66b, v. הִרְדּוּס. -
15 פוג
פּוּג(b. h.; cmp. פוח) to evaporate, become faint; to escape. Tosef.Sabb.III (IV), 5 שתָּפוּג צינתן sufficient time for the cold in them to escape; Sabb.40b שתפוג Ms. M. (ed. שתָּפִיג); Y. ib. III, 6b top שתפיג. Yoma 34b שתפוג Ms. M. (ed. שתפיג). Ker.6b כדי שלא תפוג ריחה that its fragrance may not escape. Y.Bets. I, 60d top שטעמן פָּג their flavor would escape; a. fr. Hif. הֵפִיג 1) same, v. supra. Erub.64b עד שיָפִיג יינינו until the wine we drank has escaped (the effect of the wine is overcome). 2) to lose taste, intensity; to cause to escape; to cool off; to mitigate. Pes.41a מים שאין מְפִיגִין טעמן water, which does not give up its taste (to the substance boiled in it) שאר משקין שמפיגיןוכ׳ other liquids, which do communicate their taste. Bets.14a כל התבלין מפיגין טעמן … מְפִיגָהוכ׳ all spices lose their taste (when pounded a day before), but salt does not Midr. Till. to Ps. 79 ה׳ את חמתווכ׳ let out his anger on wood and stone. Snh.22b דרך … מפיגין את היין a walk of a mile, or a little sleep cause the wine to escape (counteract the effect of the wine); Erub. l. c. Ib. שדרך מפיגהוכ׳ that walking counteracts B. Bath.10a יין מְפִיגוֹ, v. פַּחַד.Yoma I, 7 והָפֵג אחתוכ׳ and drive out (thy drowsiness, cool thy feet), v. אֶחָד. Ib. 75b דברים … מן מְפִיגָן the manna counteracted the effect of such food as traders sold them; a. e. -
16 פּוּג
פּוּג(b. h.; cmp. פוח) to evaporate, become faint; to escape. Tosef.Sabb.III (IV), 5 שתָּפוּג צינתן sufficient time for the cold in them to escape; Sabb.40b שתפוג Ms. M. (ed. שתָּפִיג); Y. ib. III, 6b top שתפיג. Yoma 34b שתפוג Ms. M. (ed. שתפיג). Ker.6b כדי שלא תפוג ריחה that its fragrance may not escape. Y.Bets. I, 60d top שטעמן פָּג their flavor would escape; a. fr. Hif. הֵפִיג 1) same, v. supra. Erub.64b עד שיָפִיג יינינו until the wine we drank has escaped (the effect of the wine is overcome). 2) to lose taste, intensity; to cause to escape; to cool off; to mitigate. Pes.41a מים שאין מְפִיגִין טעמן water, which does not give up its taste (to the substance boiled in it) שאר משקין שמפיגיןוכ׳ other liquids, which do communicate their taste. Bets.14a כל התבלין מפיגין טעמן … מְפִיגָהוכ׳ all spices lose their taste (when pounded a day before), but salt does not Midr. Till. to Ps. 79 ה׳ את חמתווכ׳ let out his anger on wood and stone. Snh.22b דרך … מפיגין את היין a walk of a mile, or a little sleep cause the wine to escape (counteract the effect of the wine); Erub. l. c. Ib. שדרך מפיגהוכ׳ that walking counteracts B. Bath.10a יין מְפִיגוֹ, v. פַּחַד.Yoma I, 7 והָפֵג אחתוכ׳ and drive out (thy drowsiness, cool thy feet), v. אֶחָד. Ib. 75b דברים … מן מְפִיגָן the manna counteracted the effect of such food as traders sold them; a. e. -
17 השפעה שלילית
negative effect, bad effect -
18 איסור II, אסור
אִיסּוּרII, אִסּוּר m. ( אסר; cmp. b. h. אֵסוּר, a. אֵיסוּר) 1) band, chain; trnsf. social circle. Succ.45b (ref. to Ps. 118:27) כל העושה א׳ לחגוכ׳ he who creates a circle for the festival with eating and drinking, i. e. social pleasures. (Oth. explan.: he who makes an addition to the number of festive days;hence the popular name of אסרו חג for the day following the festivals. 2) prohibition, interdict; also the forbidden object. Y.Ber.I, 3b bot. דברי תורה יש בהן א׳וכ׳ the Biblical law contains prohibitions and permissions.א׳ ערוה an obstacle to marriage by the existing laws of incest, e. g. a man prevented from performing a levirate marriage because his late brothers wife is his own wifes sister; א׳ מצוה a marriage (or sexual connection) permitted in the Torah but forbidden by Rabbinical enactment;so called because obedience to the Rabbis is a meritorious act ( מצוה); א׳ קדושה marriage restrictions incumbent on priests on account of their sacred office; (another opinion inverts the last two definitions). Yeb.II, 3 (20a).אין א׳ חל על א׳ one prohibition can take no legal hold where another prohibition already exists; i. e. you can punish, or impose sacrificial expiation, only for the first one; e. g. if you eat the meat of an unclean animal which, besides, has not been slaughtered according to ritual ( נבלה). Ib. 13b; a. fr.Exceptions to this principle (adopted by most authorities) are when the acceding act is: 1) א׳ כֹּולֵל a more comprehensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of prohibited objects; e. g. the law imposing abstinence from food on the Day of Atonement includes food in general, i. e. food otherwise allowed as well as food forbidden at all times; א׳ מֹוסִיף a more extensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of persons concerned; e. g. the sister of As wife is forbidden to him ( אחות אשתו) but not to his brothers. If, afterwards, his brother B. marries that sister of A.s wife, she is forbidden in marriage (after B.s death) to all the brothers as a brothers wife, and to A. both as his own living wifes sister and as his late brothers wife ( אשת אח); 3) א׳ בַּת אַתַת a coincidental prohibition, i. e. two prohibitions taking effect at the same moment, e. g. the Day of Atonement coinciding with the Sabbath day, in which case the restrictions connected with each take effect at the same time (night-fall); 4) א׳ תָמוּר a heavier prohibition, i. e. a prohibition imposing larger restrictions, e. g. the law prohibiting any profitable use of thing (א׳ הנאה), compared to the lighter prohibition, א׳ קַל, not to eat or drink a thing (v. infra). Yeb.32b sq; Shebu. 24ab; Ḥull.101a sq; Kerith. 14b.א׳ תורה a Biblical prohibitory law; א׳דרבנן a Rabbinical prohibitory enactment.א׳ לאו a prohibition expressed in the Law by a plain (לֹא) ‘thou shalt not, without defining the penalty, in which case the latter consists of thirty nine lashes (v., מַלְקוּת).א׳ כרת a prohibition to which the Bible attaches the penalty of excision (by the hand of God).א׳ מיתה a prohibition the transgression of which the Bible punishes with death (execution).א׳ אכילה the law not to eat (meat boiled with milk); א׳ הנאה not to make any use (of it, as selling); א׳ בישול not to boil (meat with milk), Ḥull.115b; a. fr.א׳ במות v. בָּמָה.Pl. אִיסּוּרִין. Ḥull.98a sq. כל א׳ שבתורה (בטלין) בששים all things Biblically forbidden are neutralized if mixed with a quantity sixty times as large; ib. במאהin a quantity one hundred times as large; a. fr. -
19 אִיסּוּר
אִיסּוּרII, אִסּוּר m. ( אסר; cmp. b. h. אֵסוּר, a. אֵיסוּר) 1) band, chain; trnsf. social circle. Succ.45b (ref. to Ps. 118:27) כל העושה א׳ לחגוכ׳ he who creates a circle for the festival with eating and drinking, i. e. social pleasures. (Oth. explan.: he who makes an addition to the number of festive days;hence the popular name of אסרו חג for the day following the festivals. 2) prohibition, interdict; also the forbidden object. Y.Ber.I, 3b bot. דברי תורה יש בהן א׳וכ׳ the Biblical law contains prohibitions and permissions.א׳ ערוה an obstacle to marriage by the existing laws of incest, e. g. a man prevented from performing a levirate marriage because his late brothers wife is his own wifes sister; א׳ מצוה a marriage (or sexual connection) permitted in the Torah but forbidden by Rabbinical enactment;so called because obedience to the Rabbis is a meritorious act ( מצוה); א׳ קדושה marriage restrictions incumbent on priests on account of their sacred office; (another opinion inverts the last two definitions). Yeb.II, 3 (20a).אין א׳ חל על א׳ one prohibition can take no legal hold where another prohibition already exists; i. e. you can punish, or impose sacrificial expiation, only for the first one; e. g. if you eat the meat of an unclean animal which, besides, has not been slaughtered according to ritual ( נבלה). Ib. 13b; a. fr.Exceptions to this principle (adopted by most authorities) are when the acceding act is: 1) א׳ כֹּולֵל a more comprehensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of prohibited objects; e. g. the law imposing abstinence from food on the Day of Atonement includes food in general, i. e. food otherwise allowed as well as food forbidden at all times; א׳ מֹוסִיף a more extensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of persons concerned; e. g. the sister of As wife is forbidden to him ( אחות אשתו) but not to his brothers. If, afterwards, his brother B. marries that sister of A.s wife, she is forbidden in marriage (after B.s death) to all the brothers as a brothers wife, and to A. both as his own living wifes sister and as his late brothers wife ( אשת אח); 3) א׳ בַּת אַתַת a coincidental prohibition, i. e. two prohibitions taking effect at the same moment, e. g. the Day of Atonement coinciding with the Sabbath day, in which case the restrictions connected with each take effect at the same time (night-fall); 4) א׳ תָמוּר a heavier prohibition, i. e. a prohibition imposing larger restrictions, e. g. the law prohibiting any profitable use of thing (א׳ הנאה), compared to the lighter prohibition, א׳ קַל, not to eat or drink a thing (v. infra). Yeb.32b sq; Shebu. 24ab; Ḥull.101a sq; Kerith. 14b.א׳ תורה a Biblical prohibitory law; א׳דרבנן a Rabbinical prohibitory enactment.א׳ לאו a prohibition expressed in the Law by a plain (לֹא) ‘thou shalt not, without defining the penalty, in which case the latter consists of thirty nine lashes (v., מַלְקוּת).א׳ כרת a prohibition to which the Bible attaches the penalty of excision (by the hand of God).א׳ מיתה a prohibition the transgression of which the Bible punishes with death (execution).א׳ אכילה the law not to eat (meat boiled with milk); א׳ הנאה not to make any use (of it, as selling); א׳ בישול not to boil (meat with milk), Ḥull.115b; a. fr.א׳ במות v. בָּמָה.Pl. אִיסּוּרִין. Ḥull.98a sq. כל א׳ שבתורה (בטלין) בששים all things Biblically forbidden are neutralized if mixed with a quantity sixty times as large; ib. במאהin a quantity one hundred times as large; a. fr. -
20 ברירה
בְּרֵירָהf. ( ברר) choosing, choice, esp. as a dialectic term, Brerah, subsequent selection, retrospective designation, i. e. the legal effect resulting from an actual selection or disposal of things previously undefined as to their purpose, e. g. a letter of divorce must be written, with special intention, for the persons concerned; now, “if one says to a scribe, ‘Write for me a letter of divorce for one of my wives whom I may choose to divorce, none of them can be divorced with it” (Gitt. III, 1), upon which the remark is made (ib. 24b) הא קא משמע לן דאין ב׳ this rule of the Mishnah implies the adoption of the principle that subsequent disposal does not react on the original status of the letter of divorce, so as to say that this subsequent selection is equal to a defined intention at the time when the deed was to be written. (The question of Brerah, i. e. whether a subsequent disposal has or has not a retrospective legal effect, is widely spread in the Talmud, referring both to judicial as well as to ritual cases. Yoma 55b ר׳ … לית ליה ב׳ R. Judah rejects the principle of Brerah; Y.Shek.VI, 50b אי אמרינן ב׳וכ׳ if we adopt the principle of B., let four Zuz (the value of one offering) be taken out of the bag and thrown into the water, and the balance of the money be permitted for use. Ḥull.14b; a. fr.
См. также в других словарях:
Effect — Ef*fect , n. [L. effectus, fr. efficere, effectum, to effect; ex + facere to make: cf. F. effet, formerly also spelled effect. See {Fact}.] 1. Execution; performance; realization; operation; as, the law goes into effect in May. [1913 Webster]… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
effect — ef·fect 1 n 1: something that is produced by an agent or cause 2 pl: personal property (1) at property: goods … Law dictionary
effect — n 1 Effect, result, consequence, upshot, aftereffect, aftermath, sequel, issue, outcome, event are comparable in signifying something, usually a condition, situation, or occurrence, ascribable to a cause or combination of causes. Effect is the… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
effect — [e fekt′, ifekt′; ] often [ ēfekt′, əfekt′] n. [ME < OFr (& L) < L effectus, orig., pp. of efficere, to bring to pass, accomplish < ex , out + facere, DO1] 1. anything brought about by a cause or agent; result 2. the power or ability to… … English World dictionary
effect — que l art fait, Effectio artis. Effect et pouvoir, Effectus. Homme de peu d effect, Parum efficax homo. Tout l effect d amitié git en mesme vouloir, Vis amicitiae est in animorum consensione. Laquelle signification approcha si trespres de l… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
effect — ► NOUN 1) a change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause. 2) the state of being or becoming operative. 3) the extent to which something succeeds or is operative: wind power can be used to great effect. 4) (effects) personal … English terms dictionary
Effect — Effect, Wirkung, Erfolg, wird besonders von einer erhöhten, einer überraschenden Wirkung gebraucht. In der Kunst darf der Künstler wohl den Effect anbringen, jedoch ohne die Harmonie der einzelnen Theile unter einander zu stören; er darf nicht… … Damen Conversations Lexikon
Effect — Effect, from Latin effectus performance, accomplishment can be used in various meanings: * Any result of another action or circumstance (see pragma , phenomenon, list of effects); * Cause and effect are the relata of causality; * In movies and… … Wikipedia
effect — [n1] result aftereffect, aftermath, backlash, backwash, can of worms*, causatum, chain reaction*, conclusion, consequence, corollary, denouement, development, end, end product, event, eventuality, fallout, flak*, follow through, follow up, fruit … New thesaurus
Effect — Ef*fect , v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Effected}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Effecting}.] 1. To produce, as a cause or agent; to cause to be. [1913 Webster] So great a body such exploits to effect. Daniel. [1913 Webster] 2. To bring to pass; to execute; to… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
effect — (n.) late 14c., a result, from O.Fr. efet (13c., Mod.Fr. effet) result, execution, completion, ending, from L. effectus accomplishment, performance, from pp. stem of efficere work out, accomplish, from ex out (see EX (Cf. ex )) + facere to do… … Etymology dictionary
