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1 Edison Electric Institute
сокр EEIПрофессиональная организация, объединяющая компании, работающие в области электроэнергетики. Основана в 1933, названа в честь Т. Эдисона [ Edison, Thomas Alva]. Около 200 компаний-членов. Штаб-квартира в г. ВашингтонеEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Edison Electric Institute
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2 Edison Electric Institute
1) Общая лексика: Эдисоновский электротехнический институт (США)2) Техника: электротехнический институт им. Эдисона4) Энергосистемы: Эдисоновский электроэнергетический институт (EEI)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Edison Electric Institute
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3 Edison Electric Institute
Abbreviation: EEIУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Edison Electric Institute
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4 Edison Electric Institute
Эдисоновский институт (ассоциация частных электроэнергетических компаний)Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > Edison Electric Institute
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5 Institute
Объединение лондонских страховщиков (в страховых оговорках) -
6 Nuclear Energy Institute
Профессиональная организация, представляющая в Конгрессе США [ Congress, U.S.] и в правительстве интересы компаний, работающих в области ядерной энергетики. Выступает за использование ядерной энергии в мирных целях и проведение государственной политики, содействующей развитию ядерной энергетики. Создана в 1994 в результате слияния нескольких отраслевых организаций, в том числе отдела ядерных исследований Эдисоновского электротехнического института [ Edison Electric Institute], лоббистской организации Американский совет ядерной энергетики [American Nuclear Energy Council], Совета по использованию ядерных отходов и ресурсам атомной энергетики [Nuclear Utility Management and Resources Council (NUMARC)] и др. 260 компаний-членов в 15 странах. Издает ежемесячник "Ньюклир энерджи инсайт" [Nuclear Energy Insight]. Находится в г. ВашингтонеEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Nuclear Energy Institute
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7 EEI
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8 Greenfield Village
Музей в г. Дирборне, шт. Мичиган. Основан в 1933 Г. Фордом [ Ford, Henry] как часть Эдисоновского электротехнического института [ Edison Electric Institute]. Среди экспонатов около 100 зданий XVII-XIX вв.: мастерские Эдисона [ Edison, Thomas Alva] из Менло-парка [Edison's Menlo Park Workshop], его лаборатория из г. Форт-Майерса [ Fort Myers], дом-музей Н. Уэбстера [ Webster, Noah], Л. Бербанка [ Burbank, Luther] и братьев Райт [ Wright Brothers], дома первых американских колонистов. Воссоздана улица старинных мастерских [Street of Early American Shops]. По небольшому пруду курсирует старинный колесный пароход [paddle-wheel steamboat].English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Greenfield Village
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9 EEI
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10 EEI
сокр. от Edison Electric Instituteэлектротехнический институт им. Эдисона -
11 EEI
1) Военный термин: essential elements of information2) Техника: electrical and electromagnetic interference, electro-explosive initiator, expanded elevation indicator3) Страхование: Electronic Equipment Insurance, Страхование электронного оборудования4) Сокращение: Edison Electric Institute, Essential Element of Information5) Вычислительная техника: Equipment to Equipment Interface, External Environment Interface, External Environment Interface (Mil., USA)6) Фирменный знак: Editorial Experts Inc, Editorial Eye Inc7) Таможенная деятельность: Электронная информация об экспорте (Electronic Export Information)8) Общественная организация: EarthWatch Expeditions, Inc.9) AMEX. Ecology & Environment, Inc. -
12 Эдисоновский институт
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Эдисоновский институт
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13 Эдисоновский электротехнический институт
General subject: Edison Electric Institute (США)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Эдисоновский электротехнический институт
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14 Эдисоновский электроэнергетический институт
Energy system: Edison Electric Institute (EEI)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Эдисоновский электроэнергетический институт
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15 электротехнический институт им. Эдисона
Engineering: Edison Electric InstituteУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > электротехнический институт им. Эдисона
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16 EEI
1. Edison Electric Institute - электротехнический институт им. Эдисона;2. electrical and electromagnetic interference - электрические и электромагнитные помехи;3. electro-explosive initiator - электродетонатор;4. essential elements of information - существенные элементы информации;5. expanded elevation indicator - индикатор угла возвышения с расширенной шкалой;6. external environment interface - интерфейс внешней среды; интерфейс операционного окружения -
17 Sprague, Frank Julian
[br]b. 25 July 1857 Milford, Connecticut, USAd. 25 October 1934 New York, USA[br]American electrical engineer and inventor, a leading innovator in electric propulsion systems for urban transport.[br]Graduating from the United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, in 1878, Sprague served at sea and with various shore establishments. In 1883 he resigned from the Navy and obtained employment with the Edison Company; but being convinced that the use of electricity for motive power was as important as that for illumination, in 1884 he founded the Sprague Electric Railway and Motor Company. Sprague began to develop reliable and efficient motors in large sizes, marketing 15 hp (11 kW) examples by 1885. He devised the method of collecting current by using a wooden, spring-loaded rod to press a roller against the underside of an overhead wire. The installation by Sprague in 1888 of a street tramway on a large scale in Richmond, Virginia, was to become the prototype of the universally adopted trolley system with overhead conductor and the beginning of commercial electric traction. Following the success of the Richmond tramway the company equipped sixty-seven other railways before its merger with Edison General Electric in 1890. The Sprague traction motor supported on the axle of electric streetcars and flexibly mounted to the bogie set a pattern that was widely adopted for many years.Encouraged by successful experiments with multiple-sheave electric elevators, the Sprague Elevator Company was formed and installed the first set of high-speed passenger cars in 1893–4. These effectively displaced hydraulic elevators in larger buildings. From experience with control systems for these, he developed his system of multiple-unit control for electric trains, which other engineers had considered impracticable. In Sprague's system, a master controller situated in the driver's cab operated electrically at a distance the contactors and reversers which controlled the motors distributed down the train. After years of experiment, Sprague's multiple-unit control was put into use for the first time in 1898 by the Chicago South Side Elevated Railway: within fifteen years multiple-unit operation was used worldwide.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident, American Institute of Electrical Engineers 1892–3. Franklin Institute Elliot Cresson Medal 1904, Franklin Medal 1921. American Institute of Electrical Engineers Edison Medal 1910.Bibliography1888, "The solution of municipal rapid transit", Trans. AIEE 5:352–98. See "The multiple unit system for electric railways", Cassiers Magazine, (1899) London, repub. 1960, 439–460.1934, "Digging in “The Mines of the Motor”", Electrical Engineering 53, New York: 695–706 (a short autobiography).Further ReadingLionel Calisch, 1913, Electric Traction, London: The Locomotive Publishing Co., Ch. 6 (for a near-contemporary view of Sprague's multiple-unit control).D.C.Jackson, 1934, "Frank Julian Sprague", Scientific Monthly 57:431–41.H.C.Passer, 1952, "Frank Julian Sprague: father of electric traction", in Men of Business, ed. W. Miller, Cambridge, Mass., pp. 212–37 (a reliable account).——1953, The Electrical Manufacturers: 1875–1900, Cambridge, Mass. P.Ransome-Wallis (ed.), 1959, The Concise Encyclopaedia of World RailwayLocomotives, London: Hutchinson, p. 143..John Marshall, 1978, A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles.GW / PJGR -
18 Thomson, Elihu
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 29 March 1853 Manchester, Englandd. 13 March 1937 Swampscott, Massachusetts, USA[br]English (naturalized) American electrical engineer and inventor.[br]Thomson accompanied his parents to Philadelphia in 1858; he received his education at the Central High School there, and afterwards remained as a teacher of chemistry. At this time he constructed several dynamos after studying their design, and was invited by the Franklin Institute to give lectures on the subject. After observing an arc-lighting system operating commercially in Paris in 1878, he collaborated with Edwin J. Houston, a senior colleague at the Central High School, in working out the details of such a system. An automatic regulating device was designed which, by altering the position of the brushes on the dynamo commutator, maintained a constant current irrespective of the number of lamps in use. To overcome the problem of commutation at the high voltages necessary to operate up to forty arc lamps in a series circuit, Thomson contrived a centrifugal blower which suppressed sparking. The resulting system was efficient and reliable with low operating costs. Thomson's invention of the motor meter in 1882 was the first of many such instruments for the measurement of electrical energy. In 1886 he invented electric resistance welding using low-voltage alternating current derived from a transformer of his own design. Thomson's work is recorded in his technical papers and in the 700plus patents granted for his inventions.The American Electric Company, founded to exploit the Thomson patents, later became the Thomson-Houston Company, which was destined to be a leader in the electrical manufacturing industry. They entered the field of electric power in 1887, supplying railway equipment and becoming a major innovator of electric railways. Thomson-Houston and Edison General Electric were consolidated to form General Electric in 1892. Thomson remained associated with this company throughout his career.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsChevalier and Officier de la Légion d'honneur 1889. American Academy of Arts and Sciences Rumford Medal 1901. American Institute of Electrical Engineers Edison Medal 1909. Royal Society Hughes Medal 1916. Institution of Electrical Engineers Kelvin Medal 1923, Faraday Medal 1927.Bibliography1934, "Some highlights of electrical history", Electrical Engineering 53:758–67 (autobiography).Further ReadingD.O.Woodbury, 1944, Beloved Scientist, New York (a full biography). H.C.Passer, 1953, The Electrical Manufacturers: 1875–1900, Cambridge, Mass, (describes Thomson's industrial contribution).K.T.Compton, 1940, Biographical Memoirs of Elihu Thomson, Washington, DCovides an abridged list of Thomson's papers and patents).GW -
19 Tesla, Nikola
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 9 July 1856 Smiljan, Croatiad. 7 January 1943 New York, USA[br]Serbian (naturalized American) engineer and inventor of polyphase electrical power systems.[br]While at the technical institute in Graz, Austria, Tesla's attention was drawn to the desirability of constructing a motor without a commutator. He considered the sparking between the commutator and brushes of the Gramme machine when run as a motor a serious defect. In 1881 he went to Budapest to work on the telegraph system and while there conceived the principle of the rotating magnetic field, upon which all polyphase induction motors are based. In 1882 Tesla moved to Paris and joined the Continental Edison Company. After building a prototype of his motor he emigrated to the United States in 1884, becoming an American citizen in 1889. He left Edison and founded an independent concern, the Tesla Electric Company, to develop his inventions.The importance of Tesla's first patents, granted in 1888 for alternating-current machines, cannot be over-emphasized. They covered a complete polyphase system including an alternator and induction motor. Other patents included the polyphase transformer, synchronous motor and the star connection of three-phase machines. These were to become the basis of the whole of the modern electric power industry. The Westinghouse company purchased the patents and marketed Tesla motors, obtaining in 1893 the contract for the Niagara Falls two-phase alternators driven by 5,000 hp (3,700 kW) water turbines.After a short period with Westinghouse, Tesla resigned to continue his research into high-frequency and high-voltage phenomena using the Tesla coil, an air-cored transformer. He lectured in America and Europe on his high-frequency devices, enjoying a considerable international reputation. The name "tesla" has been given to the SI unit of magnetic-flux density. The induction motor became one of the greatest advances in the industrial application of electricity. A claim for priority of invention of the induction motor was made by protagonists of Galileo Ferraris (1847–1897), whose discovery of rotating magnetic fields produced by alternating currents was made independently of Tesla's. Ferraris demonstrated the phenomenon but neglected its exploitation to produce a practical motor. Tesla himself failed to reap more than a small return on his work and later became more interested in scientific achievement than commercial success, with his patents being infringed on a wide scale.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsAmerican Institute of Electrical Engineers Edison Medal 1917. Tesla received doctorates from fourteen universities.Bibliography1 May 1888, American patent no. 381,968 (initial patent for the three-phase induction motor).1956, Nikola Tesla, 1856–1943, Lectures, Patents, Articles, ed. L.I.Anderson, Belgrade (selected works, in English).1977, My Inventions, repub. Zagreb (autobiography).Further ReadingM.Cheney, 1981, Tesla: Man Out of Time, New Jersey (a full biography). C.Mackechnie Jarvis, 1969, in IEE Electronics and Power 15:436–40 (a brief treatment).T.C.Martin, 1894, The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla, New York (covers his early work on polyphase systems).GW -
20 Alexanderson, Ernst Frederik Werner
[br]b. 25 January 1878 Uppsala, Swedend. ? May 1975 Schenectady, New York, USA[br]Swedish-American electrical engineer and prolific radio and television inventor responsible for developing a high-frequency alternator for generating radio waves.[br]After education in Sweden at the High School and University of Lund and the Royal Institution of Technology in Stockholm, Alexanderson took a postgraduate course at the Berlin-Charlottenburg Engineering College. In 1901 he began work for the Swedish C \& C Electric Company, joining the General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York, the following year. There, in 1906, together with Fessenden, he developed a series of high-power, high-frequency alternators, which had a dramatic effect on radio communications and resulted in the first real radio broadcast. His early interest in television led to working demonstrations in his own home in 1925 and at the General Electric laboratories in 1927, and to the first public demonstration of large-screen (7 ft (2.13 m) diagonal) projection TV in 1930. Another invention of significance was the "amplidyne", a sensitive manufacturing-control system subsequently used during the Second World War for controlling anti-aircraft guns. He also contributed to developments in electric propulsion and radio aerials.He retired from General Electric in 1948, but continued television research as a consultant for the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), filing his 321st patent in 1955.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitution of Radio Engineers Medal of Honour 1919. President, IERE 1921. Edison Medal 1944.BibliographyPublications relating to his work in the early days of radio include: "Magnetic properties of iron at frequencies up to 200,000 cycles", Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (1911) 30: 2,443."Transatlantic radio communication", Transactions of the American Institute of ElectricalEngineers (1919) 38:1,269.The amplidyne is described in E.Alexanderson, M.Edwards and K.Boura, 1940, "Dynamo-electric amplifier for power control", Transactions of the AmericanInstitution of Electrical Engineers 59:937.Further ReadingE.Hawkes, 1927, Pioneers of Wireless, Methuen (provides an account of Alexanderson's work on radio).J.H.Udelson, 1982, The Great Television Race: A History of the American Television Industry 1925–1941, University of Alabama Press (provides further details of his contribution to the development of television).KFBiographical history of technology > Alexanderson, Ernst Frederik Werner
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