-
1 DEATH
qualmë, unqualë (agony; according to VT45:24, Tolkien changed this word to anqualë), \#fírië, \#effírië (basically "expiration", attested with the ending -mmo in fíriemmo, effíriemmo "of our death"), nuru, older ñuru (personalized Nuru = Mandos), fairë (natural death [as act]) (Note: fairë also means "radiance" and "phantom", and even [in LT1:250] "free"), urdu –KWAL/LT1:264, VT43:34, ÑGUR/VT46:4, PHIR, LT2:342 -
2 AGONY
qualmë (death), unqualë (death; according to VT45:24, Tolkien changed this word to anqualë) –KWAL, VT45:5, 24, 36 -
3 DEAD
firin (= dead by natural cause), qualin (related to qualmë "agony, death" and probably has darker connotations than firin), vanwa (departed, lost, past, gone, vanished, no longer to be had), hessa (withered). DEAD BODY loico (corpse) –KWAL, PHIR, MC:223, LT1:255, WJ:366 -
4 EXPIRE
fírë- (originally used of "one sighing or releasing a deep breath", but also used of the Elf Míriel when she "breathed forth" and died; later used of the death of mortals. Perf. fírië is attested; *ifírië with prefix sundóma is probably also a possible form.) –MR:250 fírë- (perf. fírië ["has breathed forth"] is attested; *ifírië may be the more usual form) –MR:250 -
5 FREE
(adj.) léra, aranya (not to be confused with aranya *"my king"; the shorter form ranya also cited must not be confused with the verb "stray, wander"), mirima (but a very similar word, mírima, is rather assigned the meaning “very valuable” in Tolkien’s later Quenya). The previous words are apparently used to describe “free” persons, whereas the following refer to inanimates: latin, latina (open, cleared [of land]), lerina ("free" of things in the sense of "not guarded, reserved, made fast, or 'owned'", VT41:5). Lehta “free, released” (perhaps applicable to persons, but cf. the following:) FREE ELEMENT (a term for "vowel") \#lehta tengwë (only pl. lehta tengwi is attested; we would rather expect *lehtë tengwi). (A word fairë "free" is mentioned in LT1:250, but may be obsolete: several other meanings are attributed to this word in later writings [see DEATH, PHANTOM, RADIANCE]. Fairië "freedom" does not clash with later words, but must probably be considered conceptually obsolete if fairë is so regarded.) FREE FROM EVIL aman (see BLESSED) –VT41:5, VT46:10, MIS, LAT, VT39:17, WJ:399 (verb) rúna- (see DELIVER); SET FREE lerya- (release, let go), sen- (let go, let loose) –VT43:23, VT41:5, 6, VT43:18 -
6 PATH
tië (course, line, direction, way, road); \#vanda (isolated from Qualvanda "Road of Death" in LT1:264; cf. vand- "way, path" on the same page); NARROW PATH axa (ravine); -TE3/RGEO:67/UT:22 cf. 51, LT1:264, AK -
7 PHANTOM
fairë ("phantom, disembodied spirit, when seen as a pale shape" – pl. fairi is attested. Note: fairë has other shades of meaning as well as wholly different meanings – see SPIRIT, DEATH, RADIANCE, FREEDOM) –MC:223, 221 -
8 RADIANCE
alcar, alcarë (brilliance, splendour), incalë (compare Ancalë or "Radiant One" as a name of the Sun, LR:392 s.v. KAL, though it is not clear whether or not Tolkien abandoned this word), fairë (Note: the word fairë has several other meanings – see DEATH, FREEDOM, PHANTOM), nalta (glittering reflection [from jewels, glass, polished metals, or water] – alata in Silm:433 is the Telerin form, and alta in VT42:32 would seem to be a variant. In PM:347, nalta is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and we follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) RADIANT alcarinqua (glorious) –AKLA-R, VT45:36, PHAY, PM:347, WJ:369 (where alkar is translated "splendour") -
9 ROAD
tëa (straight line) (note: not to be confused with the verb tëa- "indicate"), ROAD IN SEA londë (entrance to harbour, translated "haven" in Alqualondë Haven of the Swans, UT:417; the additional gloss "fairway" turned up in VT45:28), tië (path, course, direction, way), \#vanda (isolated form Qualvanda "Road of Death" in LT1:264; cf. vand- "way, path" on the same page) –TEÑ, LOD/VT45:28, TE3/RGEO:67, LT1:264 -
10 WAY
tië (path, course, line, direction, road), \#vanda (isolated form Qualvanda "Road of Death" in LT1:264; cf. vand- "way, path" on the same page) See ROAD. –TE3/RGEO:67, LT1:264
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