-
21 קְשֵׁה
קְשֵׁי, קְשֵׁה, קְשָׁאch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְקַשֶּׁה, Nithpa. נִתְקַשֶּׁה to suffer severely), 1) to be hard, difficult. Targ. Deut. 1:17. Ib. 15:18; a. e.Yoma 28b קָשוּ משמשא are harder (on the eye), v. שַׁבְרִירֵי; a. fr. 2) to find a thing difficult to understand, to object, argue against, dispute. Y.Ter.V, 43c bot. ר׳ סימון קַשְׁיְיתָהּ … קיימה R. Simon argued against it (refuted it), but R. Ba. … proved it to be correct. Y.Kidd.III, 64c top (read:) לא כבר קְשוּנְתָּהּ הרי עולם לא כבר קַשְׁיְתָהּוכ׳ have not mountains of the world (great scholars) disputed it? did not R. El. dispute it in the presence of ; Y.Ned.VIII, 40d sq. (corr. acc.). B. Kam.66b האי מילתא ק׳ בה רבה לרבוכ׳ Rabbah argued this difficulty before R. Joseph for twenty-two years, and it was not solved; Keth.42b האי … קְשָׁאֵי רבה ורבוכ׳ Rabbah and R. Joseph discussed this difficulty Part. קָשֵׁי; f. קַשְׁיָא, q. v. 3) to get old, v. קְשַׁש II. Pa. קַשֵּׁי 1) to be in pain of travailing. Targ. Gen. 35:17 בקַשָּׁיוּתָהּ (not בקַשְׁיוּ׳). Targ. O. ib. 16 (Y. II Ithpa.). 2) to perplex. Pes.78b מתניתן קַשִּׁיתֵיהוכ׳ the Mishnah perplexed him; why does it read Af. אַקְשֵׁי, אַקְשֵׁה 1) to harden, make difficult. Targ. Ex. 7:3. Targ. 2 Kings 2:10. Targ. 1 Kings 12:4. Targ. Ps. 95:8; a. fr. 2) to be hard on, press heavily. Cant. R. to II, 16 כד הוה צערא קשי עלוי … וכד הוה מַקְשֵׁיוכ׳ when his suffering was severe, he said, God the faithful, but when it was severer on him than necessary 3) to argue against, object, dispute. Targ. Job 6:6 Ms. Var. מדלית מַקְשה עליה when there is none to dispute it.Yeb.77a top א׳ להו דואג כל הני קושייתא Doeg brought up before them all those arguments. Y.Yoma I, 38d bot. מַקְשֵׁי … קְשַׁיְיתָהּ עלוכ׳ (not קשייתא) instead of offering objection against R. J., rather offer it against ; a. v. fr. Ithpa. אִתְקֵשֵּׁי, Ithpe. אִיקְּשֵׁי 1) to be in pain of travailing. Targ. Y. II Gen. 35:16, v. supra. 2) to be difficult, perplexing. Yeb.40a ומִיקְּשֵׁה היא דאיקשי לךוכ׳ (Rashi דקשיא) it was perplexing to thee, and thou didst reverse it. -
22 קְשָׁא
קְשֵׁי, קְשֵׁה, קְשָׁאch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְקַשֶּׁה, Nithpa. נִתְקַשֶּׁה to suffer severely), 1) to be hard, difficult. Targ. Deut. 1:17. Ib. 15:18; a. e.Yoma 28b קָשוּ משמשא are harder (on the eye), v. שַׁבְרִירֵי; a. fr. 2) to find a thing difficult to understand, to object, argue against, dispute. Y.Ter.V, 43c bot. ר׳ סימון קַשְׁיְיתָהּ … קיימה R. Simon argued against it (refuted it), but R. Ba. … proved it to be correct. Y.Kidd.III, 64c top (read:) לא כבר קְשוּנְתָּהּ הרי עולם לא כבר קַשְׁיְתָהּוכ׳ have not mountains of the world (great scholars) disputed it? did not R. El. dispute it in the presence of ; Y.Ned.VIII, 40d sq. (corr. acc.). B. Kam.66b האי מילתא ק׳ בה רבה לרבוכ׳ Rabbah argued this difficulty before R. Joseph for twenty-two years, and it was not solved; Keth.42b האי … קְשָׁאֵי רבה ורבוכ׳ Rabbah and R. Joseph discussed this difficulty Part. קָשֵׁי; f. קַשְׁיָא, q. v. 3) to get old, v. קְשַׁש II. Pa. קַשֵּׁי 1) to be in pain of travailing. Targ. Gen. 35:17 בקַשָּׁיוּתָהּ (not בקַשְׁיוּ׳). Targ. O. ib. 16 (Y. II Ithpa.). 2) to perplex. Pes.78b מתניתן קַשִּׁיתֵיהוכ׳ the Mishnah perplexed him; why does it read Af. אַקְשֵׁי, אַקְשֵׁה 1) to harden, make difficult. Targ. Ex. 7:3. Targ. 2 Kings 2:10. Targ. 1 Kings 12:4. Targ. Ps. 95:8; a. fr. 2) to be hard on, press heavily. Cant. R. to II, 16 כד הוה צערא קשי עלוי … וכד הוה מַקְשֵׁיוכ׳ when his suffering was severe, he said, God the faithful, but when it was severer on him than necessary 3) to argue against, object, dispute. Targ. Job 6:6 Ms. Var. מדלית מַקְשה עליה when there is none to dispute it.Yeb.77a top א׳ להו דואג כל הני קושייתא Doeg brought up before them all those arguments. Y.Yoma I, 38d bot. מַקְשֵׁי … קְשַׁיְיתָהּ עלוכ׳ (not קשייתא) instead of offering objection against R. J., rather offer it against ; a. v. fr. Ithpa. אִתְקֵשֵּׁי, Ithpe. אִיקְּשֵׁי 1) to be in pain of travailing. Targ. Y. II Gen. 35:16, v. supra. 2) to be difficult, perplexing. Yeb.40a ומִיקְּשֵׁה היא דאיקשי לךוכ׳ (Rashi דקשיא) it was perplexing to thee, and thou didst reverse it. -
23 הערים קשיים
made it difficult, made it difficult to advance, blocked the way; created a hard situation for, caused it to be difficult -
24 הערים מכשולים
made it difficult, made it difficult to advance, blocked the way -
25 זקן I
זָקֵןI (b. h.) (to be thin, shrunk, hard, to be old. Gen. R. s. 48 (ref. to Gen. 18:13) ואני זָקַנְתִּי מלעשותוכ׳ am I (the Lord) too old to do wonders? Hif. הִזְקִין 1) to grow old. Snh.100b הִזְקִינָה שמאוכ׳ when she arrives at old age, he is afraid lest Erub.56a מַזְקִינִים בחציוכ׳ they age in the middle of their days (prematurely). Sabb.152a כל זמן שמַזְקִינִין the older they grow; a. fr. 2) to make old, consider old ( feeble). Gen. R. s. 48 אתם … ומזקינים חביריכם you consider each himself young, and each his partner old (Yalk. Ib. 82 ומז׳ אדניכם and believe your Lord too old (to do wonders)); v. supra. Nif. נִזְקַן, Nithpa. נִזְדַּקֵּן 1) to become old, weak, frail. Y.Ber.9, end 14c (ref. to Prov. 23:22) אם נִזְדַּקְּנָה אומתךוכ׳ if thy nation is decaying (in faith), stand up and fence her in (prevent her being trodden upon); Yalk. Prov. 960. 2) (cmp. דקדק) to be maturely considered, be clear (beyond doubt); 3) (cmp. קשיש) to be hard, difficult. Tosef.Snh.VII, 7 (the presiding judge declares) (נִיזְקַן) נִזְקַן הדין ed. Zuck. (Var. נזדקן, נזדקק); discussed in Snh.42a מאי נזד׳ הדין what does nizdakken mean? Does it mean קש דינא the case is hard (difficult, so as to demand a reconsideration)?… It means חכם דינא the case is clear; Y.Snh.5, end, 23a. -
26 זָקֵן
זָקֵןI (b. h.) (to be thin, shrunk, hard, to be old. Gen. R. s. 48 (ref. to Gen. 18:13) ואני זָקַנְתִּי מלעשותוכ׳ am I (the Lord) too old to do wonders? Hif. הִזְקִין 1) to grow old. Snh.100b הִזְקִינָה שמאוכ׳ when she arrives at old age, he is afraid lest Erub.56a מַזְקִינִים בחציוכ׳ they age in the middle of their days (prematurely). Sabb.152a כל זמן שמַזְקִינִין the older they grow; a. fr. 2) to make old, consider old ( feeble). Gen. R. s. 48 אתם … ומזקינים חביריכם you consider each himself young, and each his partner old (Yalk. Ib. 82 ומז׳ אדניכם and believe your Lord too old (to do wonders)); v. supra. Nif. נִזְקַן, Nithpa. נִזְדַּקֵּן 1) to become old, weak, frail. Y.Ber.9, end 14c (ref. to Prov. 23:22) אם נִזְדַּקְּנָה אומתךוכ׳ if thy nation is decaying (in faith), stand up and fence her in (prevent her being trodden upon); Yalk. Prov. 960. 2) (cmp. דקדק) to be maturely considered, be clear (beyond doubt); 3) (cmp. קשיש) to be hard, difficult. Tosef.Snh.VII, 7 (the presiding judge declares) (נִיזְקַן) נִזְקַן הדין ed. Zuck. (Var. נזדקן, נזדקק); discussed in Snh.42a מאי נזד׳ הדין what does nizdakken mean? Does it mean קש דינא the case is hard (difficult, so as to demand a reconsideration)?… It means חכם דינא the case is clear; Y.Snh.5, end, 23a. -
27 קהה
קֵהֶה, קֵי׳m., קֵהָה, קֵי׳ f. (preced.; cmp. כֵּהֶה) dull, faint; 1) (of cutting tools) blunt; (of teeth) blunt and loose.Pl. קֵהִים, קֵהִין, קֵי׳; קֵהוֹת, קֵי׳. Midr. Sam. ch. 16 as with the grape vine כל מי … שיניו ק׳וכ׳ he that eats of its unripe fruit, will have his teeth set on edge, so it is with Israel ; Lev. R. s. 36 (corr. version after Midr. Sam.). 2) (of limbs) wearied, benumbed. Y.Yoma VIII, 44d בבא מן … ק׳ עליו in the case of one that had come from a journey, and his feet were benumbed; Y.Ber.II, 5b bot.; a. e. 3) tough, hard, unyielding. Taan.7b (ref. to Koh. 10:10) אם ראית רקיע שק׳ כברזלוכ׳ when thou seest the sky as tough as iron not sending down dew or rain; Yalk. Koh. 979 אם … דור שהשמים קהיןוכ׳ when thou seest a generation over which the heavens are as tough Ab. IV, 20 ענבים קהות hard (unripe) grapes, opp. בשולות.Trnsf. (of intellectual subjects) tough, difficult, unsolvable. Yalk. l. c. אם … שתלמודו ק׳ עליו כברזל when thou seest a student to whom his lesson is as tough as iron (Taan.8a שלמודו קשה; Ms. M. כהה). Pesik. R. s. 33 והמעשה שהיה ק׳וכ׳ and when a case was too difficult for me to decide, I asked ; Yalk. Job 917. Cant. R. to IV, 11; a. e. 4) fainting, having a morbid appetite. Y.Shebi.IV, end, 35c שכן דרך הק׳ אוכלות אותו for craving women are in the habit of eating it (the unripe grape). -
28 קי׳
קֵהֶה, קֵי׳m., קֵהָה, קֵי׳ f. (preced.; cmp. כֵּהֶה) dull, faint; 1) (of cutting tools) blunt; (of teeth) blunt and loose.Pl. קֵהִים, קֵהִין, קֵי׳; קֵהוֹת, קֵי׳. Midr. Sam. ch. 16 as with the grape vine כל מי … שיניו ק׳וכ׳ he that eats of its unripe fruit, will have his teeth set on edge, so it is with Israel ; Lev. R. s. 36 (corr. version after Midr. Sam.). 2) (of limbs) wearied, benumbed. Y.Yoma VIII, 44d בבא מן … ק׳ עליו in the case of one that had come from a journey, and his feet were benumbed; Y.Ber.II, 5b bot.; a. e. 3) tough, hard, unyielding. Taan.7b (ref. to Koh. 10:10) אם ראית רקיע שק׳ כברזלוכ׳ when thou seest the sky as tough as iron not sending down dew or rain; Yalk. Koh. 979 אם … דור שהשמים קהיןוכ׳ when thou seest a generation over which the heavens are as tough Ab. IV, 20 ענבים קהות hard (unripe) grapes, opp. בשולות.Trnsf. (of intellectual subjects) tough, difficult, unsolvable. Yalk. l. c. אם … שתלמודו ק׳ עליו כברזל when thou seest a student to whom his lesson is as tough as iron (Taan.8a שלמודו קשה; Ms. M. כהה). Pesik. R. s. 33 והמעשה שהיה ק׳וכ׳ and when a case was too difficult for me to decide, I asked ; Yalk. Job 917. Cant. R. to IV, 11; a. e. 4) fainting, having a morbid appetite. Y.Shebi.IV, end, 35c שכן דרך הק׳ אוכלות אותו for craving women are in the habit of eating it (the unripe grape). -
29 קֵהֶה
קֵהֶה, קֵי׳m., קֵהָה, קֵי׳ f. (preced.; cmp. כֵּהֶה) dull, faint; 1) (of cutting tools) blunt; (of teeth) blunt and loose.Pl. קֵהִים, קֵהִין, קֵי׳; קֵהוֹת, קֵי׳. Midr. Sam. ch. 16 as with the grape vine כל מי … שיניו ק׳וכ׳ he that eats of its unripe fruit, will have his teeth set on edge, so it is with Israel ; Lev. R. s. 36 (corr. version after Midr. Sam.). 2) (of limbs) wearied, benumbed. Y.Yoma VIII, 44d בבא מן … ק׳ עליו in the case of one that had come from a journey, and his feet were benumbed; Y.Ber.II, 5b bot.; a. e. 3) tough, hard, unyielding. Taan.7b (ref. to Koh. 10:10) אם ראית רקיע שק׳ כברזלוכ׳ when thou seest the sky as tough as iron not sending down dew or rain; Yalk. Koh. 979 אם … דור שהשמים קהיןוכ׳ when thou seest a generation over which the heavens are as tough Ab. IV, 20 ענבים קהות hard (unripe) grapes, opp. בשולות.Trnsf. (of intellectual subjects) tough, difficult, unsolvable. Yalk. l. c. אם … שתלמודו ק׳ עליו כברזל when thou seest a student to whom his lesson is as tough as iron (Taan.8a שלמודו קשה; Ms. M. כהה). Pesik. R. s. 33 והמעשה שהיה ק׳וכ׳ and when a case was too difficult for me to decide, I asked ; Yalk. Job 917. Cant. R. to IV, 11; a. e. 4) fainting, having a morbid appetite. Y.Shebi.IV, end, 35c שכן דרך הק׳ אוכלות אותו for craving women are in the habit of eating it (the unripe grape). -
30 קֵי׳
קֵהֶה, קֵי׳m., קֵהָה, קֵי׳ f. (preced.; cmp. כֵּהֶה) dull, faint; 1) (of cutting tools) blunt; (of teeth) blunt and loose.Pl. קֵהִים, קֵהִין, קֵי׳; קֵהוֹת, קֵי׳. Midr. Sam. ch. 16 as with the grape vine כל מי … שיניו ק׳וכ׳ he that eats of its unripe fruit, will have his teeth set on edge, so it is with Israel ; Lev. R. s. 36 (corr. version after Midr. Sam.). 2) (of limbs) wearied, benumbed. Y.Yoma VIII, 44d בבא מן … ק׳ עליו in the case of one that had come from a journey, and his feet were benumbed; Y.Ber.II, 5b bot.; a. e. 3) tough, hard, unyielding. Taan.7b (ref. to Koh. 10:10) אם ראית רקיע שק׳ כברזלוכ׳ when thou seest the sky as tough as iron not sending down dew or rain; Yalk. Koh. 979 אם … דור שהשמים קהיןוכ׳ when thou seest a generation over which the heavens are as tough Ab. IV, 20 ענבים קהות hard (unripe) grapes, opp. בשולות.Trnsf. (of intellectual subjects) tough, difficult, unsolvable. Yalk. l. c. אם … שתלמודו ק׳ עליו כברזל when thou seest a student to whom his lesson is as tough as iron (Taan.8a שלמודו קשה; Ms. M. כהה). Pesik. R. s. 33 והמעשה שהיה ק׳וכ׳ and when a case was too difficult for me to decide, I asked ; Yalk. Job 917. Cant. R. to IV, 11; a. e. 4) fainting, having a morbid appetite. Y.Shebi.IV, end, 35c שכן דרך הק׳ אוכלות אותו for craving women are in the habit of eating it (the unripe grape). -
31 קשה
קָשֶׁהm., קָשָׁה f. (b. h.; preced.) stiff, hard, difficult, severe; strong. Tosef.Sabb.IX (X), 2 שני זייפין מן הק׳וכ׳ (some ed. הקִש) two of the stiffest bristles of the swine; Sabb.90b מקָשָׁה של חזיר אחת carrying one of the stiff bristles of the swine is punishable. Taan.20b ק׳ כארז, v. קָנֶה. B. Bath.88b ק׳ עונשנ שלוכ׳ the responsibility for fraud in measures is severer than that for incest. Ib. ק׳ גזל הדיוטוכ׳ robbing an individual is worse than robbing the altar. Gen. R. s. 26, end ק׳ היא המחלוקתוכ׳ strife is as bad as (the sins of) the generation of the flood. Ib. s. 71 ק׳ היא התפלהוכ׳ prayer is a powerful factor, for it reversed the divine decree. Taan.8a שלמודו ק׳ עליווכ׳ to whom his study is as hard as iron. Ib. b (in Chaid. dict.) ק׳ יומאוכ׳, v. קָשַׁי. Ex. R. s. 6 היה ק׳ בעיניהםוכ׳ it seemed too hard a task for them to give up idolatry; a. v. fr.Erub.83b בק׳ with difficulty, v. נַחַת.(Num. R. s. 16 end קשה ערפם, v. קְשִׁי.Pl. קָשִׁים, קָשִׁין; קָשוֹת. Yeb.47b, a. e. ק׳ גריםוכ׳, v. סַפַּחַת. Sot.2a ק׳ לזווגן (Snh.22a קשה), v. זָוַג. Pes.118a ק׳ … כקריעתוכ׳ the providential support of man is as difficult (wonderful) as the splitting of the Red Sea. Ib. ק׳ … כפליםוכ׳ mans support is twice as hard (painful) as travailing. Ber.57b (etymolog. play on קישואים) מפני שהם ק׳ לגוףוכ׳ because they are as hard on the body as swords. Koh. R. to XII, 7 נבואות ק׳ hard (evil) prophecies; a. v. fr. -
32 קָשֶׁה
קָשֶׁהm., קָשָׁה f. (b. h.; preced.) stiff, hard, difficult, severe; strong. Tosef.Sabb.IX (X), 2 שני זייפין מן הק׳וכ׳ (some ed. הקִש) two of the stiffest bristles of the swine; Sabb.90b מקָשָׁה של חזיר אחת carrying one of the stiff bristles of the swine is punishable. Taan.20b ק׳ כארז, v. קָנֶה. B. Bath.88b ק׳ עונשנ שלוכ׳ the responsibility for fraud in measures is severer than that for incest. Ib. ק׳ גזל הדיוטוכ׳ robbing an individual is worse than robbing the altar. Gen. R. s. 26, end ק׳ היא המחלוקתוכ׳ strife is as bad as (the sins of) the generation of the flood. Ib. s. 71 ק׳ היא התפלהוכ׳ prayer is a powerful factor, for it reversed the divine decree. Taan.8a שלמודו ק׳ עליווכ׳ to whom his study is as hard as iron. Ib. b (in Chaid. dict.) ק׳ יומאוכ׳, v. קָשַׁי. Ex. R. s. 6 היה ק׳ בעיניהםוכ׳ it seemed too hard a task for them to give up idolatry; a. v. fr.Erub.83b בק׳ with difficulty, v. נַחַת.(Num. R. s. 16 end קשה ערפם, v. קְשִׁי.Pl. קָשִׁים, קָשִׁין; קָשוֹת. Yeb.47b, a. e. ק׳ גריםוכ׳, v. סַפַּחַת. Sot.2a ק׳ לזווגן (Snh.22a קשה), v. זָוַג. Pes.118a ק׳ … כקריעתוכ׳ the providential support of man is as difficult (wonderful) as the splitting of the Red Sea. Ib. ק׳ … כפליםוכ׳ mans support is twice as hard (painful) as travailing. Ber.57b (etymolog. play on קישואים) מפני שהם ק׳ לגוףוכ׳ because they are as hard on the body as swords. Koh. R. to XII, 7 נבואות ק׳ hard (evil) prophecies; a. v. fr. -
33 אבסטרקטי
adj. abstract, intangible, unconnected to concrete reality; theoretical, not practical; unconnected to a specific instance or example; difficult to understand -
34 בעיה כאובה
painful problem, difficult problem -
35 הכביד ידו על-
came down heavily on, oppressed, made it difficult for -
36 הקפיד על מצווה קלה כחמורה
performed the commandments to the letter easy or difficult -
37 הקשה לשאול
asked a difficult question -
38 חמר
v. become aggravated, difficult, more serious————————v. to exacerbate, aggravate; stiffen; be strict————————clay, asphalt, pug -
39 כבד
adj. heavy, weighty, massive, massy; burdensome, onerous, laborious; difficult; slow, sluggish, ponderous, unwieldy, lymphatic, hulk, hefty————————v. be heavy————————v. be honored; offered refreshments; cleaned————————v. be respected, honored————————v. become heavier————————v. to burden; make heavier————————v. to respect; offer refreshments; clean————————liver -
40 כבדה ידו על-
made it difficult for, complicated matters for
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Difficult — Dif fi*cult, a. [From {Difficulty}.] 1. Hard to do or to make; beset with difficulty; attended with labor, trouble, or pains; not easy; arduous. [1913 Webster] Note: Difficult implies the notion that considerable mental effort or skill is… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
difficult — I adjective arduous, attended by obstacles, awkward, beset with difficulty, beyond one s reach, bothersome, burdensome, complex, complicated, convoluted, difficile, difficilis, encompassed with difficulties, enigmatic, entangled by difficulties,… … Law dictionary
difficult — [adj1] hard on someone; hard to do ambitious, arduous, backbreaker*, bothersome, burdensome, challenging, crucial, demanding, difficile, easier said than done*, effortful, exacting, formidable, galling, Gargantuan*, hardwon, heavy, Herculean*,… … New thesaurus
Difficult — Dif fi*cult, v. t. To render difficult; to impede; to perplex. [R.] Sir W. Temple. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
difficult — c.1400, apparently a back formation from DIFFICULTY (Cf. difficulty). French has difficile, Latin difficilis. Of persons, hard to please, from 1580s … Etymology dictionary
difficult — *hard, arduous Analogous words: perplexing, puzzling, mystifying (see PUZZLE): intricate, involved, complicated, *complex, knotty: *obscure, enigmatic, cryptic: exacting, *onerous, burdensome Antonyms: simple Contrasted words: *easy, facile,… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
difficult — ► ADJECTIVE 1) needing much effort or skill to accomplish, deal with, or understand. 2) not easy to please or satisfy; awkward … English terms dictionary
difficult — [dif′i kult΄, dif′ikəlt] adj. [ME, back form. < DIFFICULTY] 1. hard to do, make, manage, understand, etc.; involving trouble or requiring extra effort, skill, or thought 2. hard to satisfy, persuade, please, etc. SYN. HARD difficultly adv … English World dictionary
difficult — dif|fi|cult W1S1 [ˈdıfıkəlt] adj [Date: 1300 1400; Origin: difficulty] 1.) hard to do, understand, or deal with ≠ ↑easy ▪ a difficult question ▪ an immensely difficult task ▪ Was the exam very difficult? ▪ It s difficult to see how more savings… … Dictionary of contemporary English
difficult — dif|fi|cult [ dıfıkəlt ] adjective *** 1. ) not easy to do, deal with, or understand: HARD: Choosing the winner was a difficult task. The exam questions were too difficult. difficult to do something: It s difficult to say what time I will get… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
difficult */*/*/ — UK [ˈdɪfɪk(ə)lt] / US [ˈdɪfɪkəlt] adjective 1) not easy to do, deal with, or understand Choosing the winner was a difficult task. The exam questions were too difficult. it is difficult to do something: It s difficult to say what time I will get… … English dictionary
