differt

tăbŭla, ae, f. [root ta-, tab; whence also taberna, q. v.], a board, plank.

In gen.:

si tabulam de naufragio stultus arripuerit,

Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; cf. id. Att. 4, 18, 3; Verg. A. 1, 119:

laceras tabulas in litore vidi,

Ov. M. 11, 428:

tabula navis,

Juv. 14, 289; Verg. A. 9, 537:

inauratae,

Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 114:

latera (fossarum) cluduntur tabulis,

id. 33, 4, 21, § 76:

perforatae,

Col. 7, 4, 5.—Esp., a board to play on, Ov. de Nuce, 77; Sen. Tranq. An. 14, 7; Juv. 1, 90.—

In partic.

A writing-tablet; also, a tablet written upon, a writing, as a letter, contract, account, list, will, etc. (cf. tabella):

tabulae litteris Graecis confectae,

Caes. B. G. 1, 29:

cerata,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 18: litteraria, a writing-tablet for children, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 10; cf.:

laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 74; id. Ep. 1, 1, 56:

ponatur calculus assint Cum tabula pueri,

Juv. 9, 41: tabula calculatoria, Schol. Juv. 7, 73.—

Plur., a book of account:

pro tabulis, Ubi aera perscribuntur usuraria,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 52; cf.:

multum differt, in arcāne positum sit argentum, an in tabulis debeatur,

Cic. Top. 3, 16:

litterae lituraeque omnes assimulatae, expressae, de tabulis in libros transferuntur,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189:

aliquid in tabulas referre,

id. Fl. 9, 20:

tabulas conficere,

id. de Or. 2, 23, 97; id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 60; id. Rosc. Com. 2, 5:

unae tabulae proferantur, in quibus vestigium sit aliquod, quod, etc.,

id. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2): novae, new account-books (by substituting which for the old ones debts were abolished in whole or in part), id. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Att. 5, 21, 13; 14, 21, 4; id. Off. 2, 23, 84; Caes. B. C. 3, 1; 3, 21; cf. Sall. C. 21, 2. —

A counter, office where records are kept:

suos necessarios conrogat, ut ad tabulam Sextiam sibi adsint horā secundā,

Cic. Quint. 6, 25. —

Adest ad tabulam: licetur Aebutius (a tablet on which an auction was advertised);

hence,

an auction, Cic. Caecin. 6, 16; cf.:

sin ad tabulam venimus, vincemus facultates Othonis,

id. Att. 12, 40, 4. —

Of public records, etc.:

tabula praerogativae,

a list of votes, Cic. Pis. 5, 11; cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 18; 3, 17, 1; Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 2, 8:

qui de tabulis publicis recitat,

public records, State papers, Cic. Fl. 17, 40; so,

publicae,

id. Arch. 4, 8; Liv. 26, 36, 11.—Esp., the censor ' s lists:

tabularum cura,

Liv. 4. 8, 4:

memoria publica recensionis tabulis publicis impressa,

Cic. Mil. 27, 74; Flor. 1, 6, 3; cf.:

tabulae aereae, in quibus publicae constitutiones inciduntur,

Plin. 34, 9, 21, § 99:

XII. tabulae,

the Twelve Tables, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54; so of the tables of the laws:

decem tabulas conscripsisse,

id. ib. 2, 36, 61:

duabus tabulis additis,

id. ib. 2, 37, 63; id. de Or. 1, 43, 193; 1, 44, 195 al.; v. duodecim; cf.:

nequa tabula ullius decreti Caesaris aut beneficii figeretur,

id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:

tabula Sullae,

the list of proscribed persons, Juv. 2, 28; Mart. 5, 69, 2; Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 21; 9, 26.—

Of any formal or solemn writing:

in tabulas multis haec via fecit iter,

i. e. a will, testament, Ov. A. A. 2, 332; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 11; Juv. 2, 58; 4, 19; 12, 123; 14, 55; Mart. 5, 39, 2:

Dicaearchi tabulae,

maps, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3:

lapideae,

Vulg. Exod. 24, 12; id. 2 Cor. 3, 3. —

A painted tablet or panel, a painting, picture:

tabula picta,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 34; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 36; Cic. Brut. 75, 261:

imago in tabulis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3; id. de Or. 1, 35, 161; id. Par. 5, 2, 37; Prop. 1, 2, 22; 2, 3, 41; Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 64. — Prov.: manum de tabulā, take your hand from the picture! enough! it is finished! sed heus tu, manum de tabulā, Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 1; cf.:

dixit (Apelles)... uno se praestare, quod manum de tabulā sciret tollere,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 80. —

A votive-tablet (on which a shipwreck was painted):

me tabula sacer Votiva paries indicat, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 5, 13:

largire inopi, ne pictus oberret Caeruleā in tabulā,

Pers. 6, 32 (cf.:

mersā rate naufragus assem Dum rogat et pictā se tempestate tuetur,

Juv. 14, 301). —

A bed or plot of ground in a vineyard, Pall. Jan. 11; id. Febr. 10, 1; 9, 9; Auct. Limit. p. 311 Goes.—

A fold in a garment, Tert. Pall. 1 and 5.

ūnĭversus, a, um ( poet. contr., unvorsum, Lucr. 4, 262; plur. OINVORSEI, S. C. Bacch.), adj. [unus-verto, turned into one, combined into one whole], all together, all taken collectively, whole, entire, collective, general, universal (opp. singuli).

Sing.:

universa provincia,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 168:

terra,

id. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

familia,

id. Caecin. 20, 58:

mare,

id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; 4, 2, 3:

universum mundum complecti,

id. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

Gallia,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 39, 2:

triduum,

three days together, Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 18:

vita,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 44:

odium tantum ac tam universum,

id. Pis. 27, 65:

confusa atque universa defensio,

id. Sest. 2, 5:

universa et propria oratoris vis,

id. de Or. 1, 15, 64:

de universā philosophiā,

id. Tusc. 3, 3, 6:

bellum,

Liv. 7, 11, 1:

dimicatio,

a general engagement, id. 22, 32, 2; so,

pugna,

id. 27, 12, 9.—Strengthened by totus:

lupus Gregem universum voluit totum avortere,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 134.—

Plur.:

de universis generibus rerum dicere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 71:

ex iis rebus universis eloquentia constat, quibus in singulis elaborare permagnum est,

id. ib. 1, 5, 19:

ut eadem sit utilitas uniuscujusque et universorum,

id. Off. 3, 6, 26:

quae (virtus) etiam populos universos tueri soleat,

id. Lael. 14, 50:

in illum universi tela coniciunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44; 4, 26; 7, 17:

qui (Democritus) ita sit ausus ordiri: haec loquor de universis. Nihil excipit, de quo non profiteatur: quid enim esse potest extra universa?

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 73.—Strengthened by omnes:

id genus hominum omnibus Universis est adversum,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 40:

talibus dictis universi omnes assensere,

App. M. 7, p. 189. —

ūnĭversi, ōrum, m., the whole body of citizens, all men together:

cum crudelitate unius oppressi essent universi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 31, 43:

et earum urbium separatim ab universis singulos diligunt (di),

id. N. D. 2, 66, 165:

si universi videre optimum et in eo consentire possent, nihil opus esset pluribus,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 52; Suet. Galb. 10.—

ūnĭversum, i, n., the whole world, the universe:

tum censet imagines divinitate praeditas inesse in universitate rerum: tum principia mentis, quae sunt in eodem universo, deos esse dicit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

genitor universi,

Col. 3, 10, 10.—

Adverb.: in universum, as a whole, in general, generally (not in Cic. or Cæs.):

non nominatim, sed in universum,

Liv. 9, 26, 8: terra etsi aliquando specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda, Tac. G. 5; so id. ib. 6; Plin. 6, 17, 19, § 50.—Hence, adv.: ūnĭversē, in general, generally (cf.:

omnmo, generatim, communiter): singillatim potius quam generatim atque universe loqui,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 143:

cetera universe mandavi: illud proprie, ne pateretur prorogari nobis provincias,

id. Att. 5, 2, 1; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 268.

ūnĭversus, a, um ( poet. contr., unvorsum, Lucr. 4, 262; plur. OINVORSEI, S. C. Bacch.), adj. [unus-verto, turned into one, combined into one whole], all together, all taken collectively, whole, entire, collective, general, universal (opp. singuli).

Sing.:

universa provincia,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 168:

terra,

id. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

familia,

id. Caecin. 20, 58:

mare,

id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; 4, 2, 3:

universum mundum complecti,

id. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

Gallia,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 39, 2:

triduum,

three days together, Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 18:

vita,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 44:

odium tantum ac tam universum,

id. Pis. 27, 65:

confusa atque universa defensio,

id. Sest. 2, 5:

universa et propria oratoris vis,

id. de Or. 1, 15, 64:

de universā philosophiā,

id. Tusc. 3, 3, 6:

bellum,

Liv. 7, 11, 1:

dimicatio,

a general engagement, id. 22, 32, 2; so,

pugna,

id. 27, 12, 9.—Strengthened by totus:

lupus Gregem universum voluit totum avortere,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 134.—

Plur.:

de universis generibus rerum dicere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 71:

ex iis rebus universis eloquentia constat, quibus in singulis elaborare permagnum est,

id. ib. 1, 5, 19:

ut eadem sit utilitas uniuscujusque et universorum,

id. Off. 3, 6, 26:

quae (virtus) etiam populos universos tueri soleat,

id. Lael. 14, 50:

in illum universi tela coniciunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44; 4, 26; 7, 17:

qui (Democritus) ita sit ausus ordiri: haec loquor de universis. Nihil excipit, de quo non profiteatur: quid enim esse potest extra universa?

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 73.—Strengthened by omnes:

id genus hominum omnibus Universis est adversum,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 40:

talibus dictis universi omnes assensere,

App. M. 7, p. 189. —

ūnĭversi, ōrum, m., the whole body of citizens, all men together:

cum crudelitate unius oppressi essent universi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 31, 43:

et earum urbium separatim ab universis singulos diligunt (di),

id. N. D. 2, 66, 165:

si universi videre optimum et in eo consentire possent, nihil opus esset pluribus,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 52; Suet. Galb. 10.—

ūnĭversum, i, n., the whole world, the universe:

tum censet imagines divinitate praeditas inesse in universitate rerum: tum principia mentis, quae sunt in eodem universo, deos esse dicit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

genitor universi,

Col. 3, 10, 10.—

Adverb.: in universum, as a whole, in general, generally (not in Cic. or Cæs.):

non nominatim, sed in universum,

Liv. 9, 26, 8: terra etsi aliquando specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda, Tac. G. 5; so id. ib. 6; Plin. 6, 17, 19, § 50.—Hence, adv.: ūnĭversē, in general, generally (cf.:

omnmo, generatim, communiter): singillatim potius quam generatim atque universe loqui,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 143:

cetera universe mandavi: illud proprie, ne pateretur prorogari nobis provincias,

id. Att. 5, 2, 1; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 268.

ūnĭversus, a, um ( poet. contr., unvorsum, Lucr. 4, 262; plur. OINVORSEI, S. C. Bacch.), adj. [unus-verto, turned into one, combined into one whole], all together, all taken collectively, whole, entire, collective, general, universal (opp. singuli).

Sing.:

universa provincia,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 168:

terra,

id. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

familia,

id. Caecin. 20, 58:

mare,

id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; 4, 2, 3:

universum mundum complecti,

id. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

Gallia,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 39, 2:

triduum,

three days together, Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 18:

vita,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 44:

odium tantum ac tam universum,

id. Pis. 27, 65:

confusa atque universa defensio,

id. Sest. 2, 5:

universa et propria oratoris vis,

id. de Or. 1, 15, 64:

de universā philosophiā,

id. Tusc. 3, 3, 6:

bellum,

Liv. 7, 11, 1:

dimicatio,

a general engagement, id. 22, 32, 2; so,

pugna,

id. 27, 12, 9.—Strengthened by totus:

lupus Gregem universum voluit totum avortere,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 134.—

Plur.:

de universis generibus rerum dicere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 71:

ex iis rebus universis eloquentia constat, quibus in singulis elaborare permagnum est,

id. ib. 1, 5, 19:

ut eadem sit utilitas uniuscujusque et universorum,

id. Off. 3, 6, 26:

quae (virtus) etiam populos universos tueri soleat,

id. Lael. 14, 50:

in illum universi tela coniciunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44; 4, 26; 7, 17:

qui (Democritus) ita sit ausus ordiri: haec loquor de universis. Nihil excipit, de quo non profiteatur: quid enim esse potest extra universa?

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 73.—Strengthened by omnes:

id genus hominum omnibus Universis est adversum,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 40:

talibus dictis universi omnes assensere,

App. M. 7, p. 189. —

ūnĭversi, ōrum, m., the whole body of citizens, all men together:

cum crudelitate unius oppressi essent universi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 31, 43:

et earum urbium separatim ab universis singulos diligunt (di),

id. N. D. 2, 66, 165:

si universi videre optimum et in eo consentire possent, nihil opus esset pluribus,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 52; Suet. Galb. 10.—

ūnĭversum, i, n., the whole world, the universe:

tum censet imagines divinitate praeditas inesse in universitate rerum: tum principia mentis, quae sunt in eodem universo, deos esse dicit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

genitor universi,

Col. 3, 10, 10.—

Adverb.: in universum, as a whole, in general, generally (not in Cic. or Cæs.):

non nominatim, sed in universum,

Liv. 9, 26, 8: terra etsi aliquando specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda, Tac. G. 5; so id. ib. 6; Plin. 6, 17, 19, § 50.—Hence, adv.: ūnĭversē, in general, generally (cf.:

omnmo, generatim, communiter): singillatim potius quam generatim atque universe loqui,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 143:

cetera universe mandavi: illud proprie, ne pateretur prorogari nobis provincias,

id. Att. 5, 2, 1; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 268.

vădĭmōnĭum, ii, n. [1. vas]; jurid. t. t., a promise secured by bail for appearance on a particular day before a tribunal, bail, security, recognizance.

Lit.: cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est, ut promittat, se certo die sisti, Gai Inst. 4, 184; cf.

as to the sev. eral kinds of vadimonia,

id. ib. 4, 185 sqq.:

ubi tu's, qui me convadatu's Veneriis vadimoniis?

to appear before Venus, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5:

se jam neque vadari amplius neque vadimonium promittere,

Cic. Quint. 6, 23: hominem in praesentia non vadatur;

ita sine vadimonio disceditur,

id. ib. 6, 23:

ne quis extra suum forum vadimonium promittere cogatur, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 15, § 38; id. Quint. 20, 63; so,

promittere (alicui Romam Lilybaeum, etc.),

id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 141; id. Tull. 8, 20:

constituere,

to fix by agreement, id. Sen. 7, 21:

concipere,

to draw up a form of recognizance, id. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 3; cf.:

aptius hae capiant vadimonia garrula cerae,

Ov. Am. 1, 12, 23: res esse in vadimonium coepit, comes to giving bail, i. e. is to be tried by due course of law, Cic. Quint. 5, 22:

vadimonium est mihi cum aliquo,

am under recognizance, am bound to appear, id. ib. 18, 56: sistere, to keep one's recognizance, make one's appearance, present one's self in court, Cato ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1; Cic. Quint. 8, 29; Nep. Att. 9, 4;

v. sisto, I. C. 2.: ad vadimonium venire,

Cic. Quint. 21, 67; 5, 22:

non venire,

id. ib. 15, 48;

16, 52 sq.: quā (horā) tibi vadimonium non sit obitum,

id. ib. 16, 53; so,

obire,

id. ib. 17, 54; Plin. Ep. 8, 12, 3:

descendere ad vadimonium,

Sen. Ep. 8, 5:

occurrere ad vadimonium,

Suet. Calig. 39:

ad vadimonium currere,

Prop. 4 (5), 2, 57:

facere,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 19; Cic. Quint. 18, 57; Val. Max. 3, 7, 1; Liv. 23, 32, 1; Juv. 3, 298:

differre,

to put off the day of appearance, Cic. Att. 2, 7, 2; id. Fam. 2, 8, 1:

ceteris quae habebat vadimonia differt,

id. Quint. 6, 23 fin.:

imponere alicui,

to exact, Nep. Timol. 5, 2:

deserere,

to forfeit one's recognizance, fail to appear, Cic. Quint. 23, 75; id. Cat. 2, 2, 5;

Plin. prooem. § 23: missum facere,

to release one's bail, Cic. Quint. 14, 46; cf. on the vadimonium, Dict. of Antiq. s. v.—

Transf., an appointment, a fixed time:

ex eventu significationum intellegi sidera debebunt, non ad dies utique praefinitos exspectari tempestatum vadimonia,

Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 231:

tibi amatorem vadimonio sistam,

App. M. 9, p. 227, 17; 10, p. 240, 10 al.