defect+cause

I. * B. II. A. 1. b. 2. B. 1. 2.

Weak yarn that has been rubbed till the fibres are drawn away. Overfilled bobbins, yarn on beams when drawn along the floor, shaky floors, will cause this defect.

A bad fault in yarns, and when present, the yarn is very difficult to use. This cockled (or wormy) yarn may look all right, but in places it is very brittle. Cotton of long fibres mixed with shorter staple will cause the defect as well as faulty setting of the machinery.

[skwɪnt] يَحْوِل عَيْنَه يَنْظُر بِعَيْن نِصْف مُقْفَلَه حَوَل نَظْرَه مائِل

circuit (cct)
ряд соединенных проводников для прохождения эл. тока. — а number of conductors connected together for the purpose of carrying an electrical current.
соединение нескольких устроиств, образующее один или несколько каналов (контуров) для выполнения определенных электрических или радиоэлектронных функций. — the interconnection of a number of devices in oле or more closed paths to perform а desired electrical or electronic function.
- блокировки (эл.) — interlocking circuit
цепь, в которой работа одного элемента эл. оборудования зависит от окончания срабатываний других элементов. — а circuit in which the орегation of one item of electric apparatus is made dependent on the fulfilment of certain predetermined conditions on other items.
- блокировки — lock-out /locking-out/ circuit
цепь, служащая для отключения и удержания в нерабочем состоянии устройства при нарушении его нормальной работы. — function is to shut down and hold а device out of service on occurence of abnormal conditions.
- взрыва (сро) — (trsp) destruct circuit
- включена (готова к работе) — circuit armed
- возбуждения (генератора, эл. мотора) — field circuit
- галля (роликовая) — roller chain
-, гальванически развязанная — decoupling circuit

а circuit used to prevent interaction of one circuit with anotheг.
- задержки (времени) — delay circuit
цепь, обеспечивающая задержку прохождения эл. сигнала no времени, — а circuit which delays the passage of а pulse or signal from one part of a circuit t another.
- зажигания — ignition circuit
-, замкнутая — closed circuit
эл. цепь, обеспечивающая протекание эл. тока при подаче напряжения (наличии разности потенциалов), — а complete electric circuit through which current may flow when а voltage is арplied.
-, кольцевая — loop circuit
энергопитание обеспечивается по раздельным многоканальным или кольцевым цепям. — electrical energy supply is ensured by means of multichannel or loop circuits separately routed.
-, коммутационная — switching circuit
-, контрольная — monitoring /monitor/ circuit
цепь прибора (или системы). контролирующая нормальную работу прибора, и вызывающая срабатывание устройств сигнализации отказа прибора или прекращения подачи питания. — monitor circuits defect a fault in a system.
- контроля, электронная — electronic monitoring circuit
электронная цепь контроля работы пилотажного командного прибора вызывает срабатывание (появление) блейкора красного цвета в случае неисправности (неправильногo показания) прибора. — the electronic monitoring circuits within the flight director deflect red warning flaps into view if a failure occurs that will cause incorreet display.
-, многоканальная — multi-channel circuit
- нагрузки — load circuit
цепь от источника питания до нагрузки (напр., эпектронная лампа эл. двигателя) — the complete circuit required to transfer power from а source to а load (e.g., electron tube, electric motor).
-, нарушенная (эл.) — open/ broken/ circuit
-, незамкнутая — open circuit
разомкнутая цепь, не обеспечивающая протекание эл. тока, — а circuit which does not provide а complete path for the flow of current.
- обратной связи — feedback circuit
- опроса (эвм) — sampling circuit
-, параллельная — parallel circuit
цепь, в которой все положительные и отрицательные вводы и выводы соединены в соответствующих общих точках, — а circuit in which all positive terminals and negative terminals are connected to their corresponding common points.
- питания — feed/ power supply/ circuit
-, последовательная — series circuit
цепь,в которой вывод одногo сопротивления (нагрузки) соединен с вводом следующего, и т.д. — а circuit in which resistance or other components are connected end to end.
- потребителя (эл.) — load circuit
- прохождения сигнала — signal flow circuit
-, разомкнутая (разорванная) — open/ broken/ circuit
-, роликовая — roller chain
- самоконтроля — self-test circuit
- связи (между системами, блоками) — coupling circuit
- соединения на — ground circuit
- управления — control circuit
-, швартовочная (груза в кабине) — (cargo) tie-down /anchoring chain
-, электрическая — electric circuit
-, электронная — electronic circuit
обрыв ц. — broken circuit
включать в ц. — connect in circuit
сопротивление, включенное в цепь, — а resistor is connected in circuit.
закреплять на ц. — chain
крышка закреплена цепочкой к горловине, — the cap is chained to the filler.
замыкать ц. — complete/ close/ circuit
реле замыкает цепь. защищать ц. с помощью аэс — the relay completes the circuits. protect circuit by circuit breaker
размыкать (разрывать) ц. — break/ open/ circuit

устранять девиацию компаса 2. adjust the compass 3. compensate the compass устранять дефект устранять источник опасности (для воздушного движения) устранять любую задержку устранять люфт 2. remove from play устранять неисправности устранять обледенение 2. deice устранять опасность устранять опасную ситуацию устранять отказ 2. correct the trouble устранять погрешность устранять препятствие 2. eliminate obstruction устранять причину устранять течь

טָרַף(b. h.; cmp. טָרַד) ( to move with vehemence, 1) to tear, prey. Lev. R. s. 26 טוֹרֵף ואוכל tears in order to satisfy his appetite. Koh. R. to X, 11 הארי ט׳ the lion goes out for prey. Sot.47b טוֹרְפֵי טֶרֶף those robbing (the poor). Zeb.53b חלקו של טוֹרֵף the territory of the tearer (wolf = Benjamin, Gen. 49:27). B. Kam. 116b לטוֹרְפָהּ to plunder it; a. fr. 2) to cast with force, knock, strike against; to throw away, reject, eject. Ḥull.III, 3 טְרָפָהּ בכותל he cast or knocked the bird against the wall. Pesik. R. s. 11; Num. R. s. מגרשה אני טוֹרְפָהּ אני I will divorce her, I will cast her out (cmp. טָרַד).Ber.5b טוֹרְפִין לווכ׳ his prayer is thrown in his face (refused). Y.Yeb.XVI, 15d top טְרָפַנִי, v. טָרַד. 3) to seize forcibly. Yoma IV, 1 ט׳ בקלפי he took the ballot out with haste.Esp. to seize for a debt. B. Mets.15a ובאב״ח וטְרָפָהּ and a creditor of the previous owner came and seized it, v. טִירְפָּא. 4) to chop, hash, to beat, mix. Sabb.XIX, 2 ט׳ יין ושמן beat wine and oil; a. e.Part. pass. טָרוּף, f. טְרוּפָה. Ib. 38a בשר ט׳ chopped meat. Ab. Zar. II, 6, טָרִית. Y.Nidd.IV, 51a (of a foetus). Sabb.VIII, 5 (80b) ביצה ט׳ an egg beaten and mixed with oil; a. fr. V. טָרוּף. 5) to hackle, comb (flax or wool). Kil. IX, 1. Y.Orl.: III, 63a; Y.Keth.VI, end, 31a צמר בכור שטְרָפוֹ wool of a (first-born that has been hackled (and mixed up with, other wool). 6) to scrape, scour, to plane. Makhsh. II, 4 הטוֹרֵף את גגו (Var. המטהר) if one scrubs his roof; Tosef. ib. I, 8.7) to make טְרֵפָה, to inflict an organic defect. Ḥull.85b, sq. צא טְרוֹף go and maim the animal (before slaughtering it). Nif. נִטְרַף 1) to become trefah. Ib. 9a, a. e. במה נִטְרְפָה from what cause it became trefah. 2) to be in disorder, a) (with דעה, or לב) to be confused, bewildered, not fully conscious. Y.Sabb.II, 5b bot. נִטְרְפָה דעתו של אבא my fathers mind is unclear; Snh.68a. Ib. 43a כדי שתִּטָּרֵף דעתו (not שתטרוף) that his (the culprits) consciousness may be benumbed; Num. R. s. 10.Ib. נ׳ לבו his mind becomes confused (from drinking); a. fr.b) (with שעה, of political disturbances) to be troubled. Snh.11a; Sot.48b; Tosef. ib. XIII, 5 נטרפה (ה)שעה the political condition was too much troubled (persecutions prevailing). Y.Dem.V, 24d bot.; a. e. Pi. טֵרֵף 1) to shake vehemently, constantly. Succ.III, 9 כל העם מטָרְפִין בלולביהן ed. Y. (Mish. ed. Pes. מט׳את לול׳; ed. מנעועין) all the people shook their branches constantly (during the recitation at Hallel, contrad. to נענע.( 2) to unbalance (the mind, cmp. טִלְטֵל).Part. pass. מְטוֹרָף. Num. R. s. 10 לבו מ׳וכ׳ his mind is disturbed and he talks improper things, v. supra. 3) to reject ones petition, to refuse. Part. pass. מְטוֹרָף. Ber.V, 5 שהוא מ׳ that he (the patient for whom prayer is said) is rejected (bound to die), opp. מקובל accepted. 4) to disfigure, to make ungainly by spots, incisions, v. טָרוּף). Part. pass. as ab. Koh. R. to X, 11 the serpent is asked מפני מה גופך מט׳ why has thy body been disfigured (v. Gen. 3:14)? 5) to cast about (a ship on high sea), v. Hithpa.Part. pass. as ab.; pl. מְטוֹרָפִים, מְטוֹרָפִין. Yeb.47a, v. סָחַף. Hif. הִטְרִיף 1) to become trefah, to be afflicted with a fatal organic disease. Num. R. s. 12, end; Cant. R. to VI, 4; Pesik. Vayhi p. 10a>, a. e. לא חִטְרִיפוּ the animals were found to be free from an organic disease.( 2) (in later liter.) to declare trefah. 3) (denom. of טֶרֶף) a) to cover with foliage. Yalk. Gen. 119, v. רָטַב.b) to sprout with moisture, be sappy. Gen. R. s. 69 ה׳ מצותוכ׳ (Yalk. Jud. 38 הפריח) sprouted with good deeds, v. רָטַב.( 4) to distribute food, v. טָרָף. Hithpa. הִיטָּרֵף, Nithpa. נִיטָּרֵף to be tossed about, to be in a storm near the shore. Taan.III, 7 (19a) על הספינה המִיטָּרֶפֶתוכ׳ for a ship which is seen from the coast to be tossed about; ib. 14a המְטוֹרֶפֶת (v. supra; Ar. ed. Koh. נִטְרֶפֶת Nif.). Tosef.Sabb. XIII (XIV), 11 נִיטָּרְפָה ספינהוכ׳ the ship has been thrown back several times (was prevented from landing by the breakers).

טָרַף(b. h.; cmp. טָרַד) ( to move with vehemence, 1) to tear, prey. Lev. R. s. 26 טוֹרֵף ואוכל tears in order to satisfy his appetite. Koh. R. to X, 11 הארי ט׳ the lion goes out for prey. Sot.47b טוֹרְפֵי טֶרֶף those robbing (the poor). Zeb.53b חלקו של טוֹרֵף the territory of the tearer (wolf = Benjamin, Gen. 49:27). B. Kam. 116b לטוֹרְפָהּ to plunder it; a. fr. 2) to cast with force, knock, strike against; to throw away, reject, eject. Ḥull.III, 3 טְרָפָהּ בכותל he cast or knocked the bird against the wall. Pesik. R. s. 11; Num. R. s. מגרשה אני טוֹרְפָהּ אני I will divorce her, I will cast her out (cmp. טָרַד).Ber.5b טוֹרְפִין לווכ׳ his prayer is thrown in his face (refused). Y.Yeb.XVI, 15d top טְרָפַנִי, v. טָרַד. 3) to seize forcibly. Yoma IV, 1 ט׳ בקלפי he took the ballot out with haste.Esp. to seize for a debt. B. Mets.15a ובאב״ח וטְרָפָהּ and a creditor of the previous owner came and seized it, v. טִירְפָּא. 4) to chop, hash, to beat, mix. Sabb.XIX, 2 ט׳ יין ושמן beat wine and oil; a. e.Part. pass. טָרוּף, f. טְרוּפָה. Ib. 38a בשר ט׳ chopped meat. Ab. Zar. II, 6, טָרִית. Y.Nidd.IV, 51a (of a foetus). Sabb.VIII, 5 (80b) ביצה ט׳ an egg beaten and mixed with oil; a. fr. V. טָרוּף. 5) to hackle, comb (flax or wool). Kil. IX, 1. Y.Orl.: III, 63a; Y.Keth.VI, end, 31a צמר בכור שטְרָפוֹ wool of a (first-born that has been hackled (and mixed up with, other wool). 6) to scrape, scour, to plane. Makhsh. II, 4 הטוֹרֵף את גגו (Var. המטהר) if one scrubs his roof; Tosef. ib. I, 8.7) to make טְרֵפָה, to inflict an organic defect. Ḥull.85b, sq. צא טְרוֹף go and maim the animal (before slaughtering it). Nif. נִטְרַף 1) to become trefah. Ib. 9a, a. e. במה נִטְרְפָה from what cause it became trefah. 2) to be in disorder, a) (with דעה, or לב) to be confused, bewildered, not fully conscious. Y.Sabb.II, 5b bot. נִטְרְפָה דעתו של אבא my fathers mind is unclear; Snh.68a. Ib. 43a כדי שתִּטָּרֵף דעתו (not שתטרוף) that his (the culprits) consciousness may be benumbed; Num. R. s. 10.Ib. נ׳ לבו his mind becomes confused (from drinking); a. fr.b) (with שעה, of political disturbances) to be troubled. Snh.11a; Sot.48b; Tosef. ib. XIII, 5 נטרפה (ה)שעה the political condition was too much troubled (persecutions prevailing). Y.Dem.V, 24d bot.; a. e. Pi. טֵרֵף 1) to shake vehemently, constantly. Succ.III, 9 כל העם מטָרְפִין בלולביהן ed. Y. (Mish. ed. Pes. מט׳את לול׳; ed. מנעועין) all the people shook their branches constantly (during the recitation at Hallel, contrad. to נענע.( 2) to unbalance (the mind, cmp. טִלְטֵל).Part. pass. מְטוֹרָף. Num. R. s. 10 לבו מ׳וכ׳ his mind is disturbed and he talks improper things, v. supra. 3) to reject ones petition, to refuse. Part. pass. מְטוֹרָף. Ber.V, 5 שהוא מ׳ that he (the patient for whom prayer is said) is rejected (bound to die), opp. מקובל accepted. 4) to disfigure, to make ungainly by spots, incisions, v. טָרוּף). Part. pass. as ab. Koh. R. to X, 11 the serpent is asked מפני מה גופך מט׳ why has thy body been disfigured (v. Gen. 3:14)? 5) to cast about (a ship on high sea), v. Hithpa.Part. pass. as ab.; pl. מְטוֹרָפִים, מְטוֹרָפִין. Yeb.47a, v. סָחַף. Hif. הִטְרִיף 1) to become trefah, to be afflicted with a fatal organic disease. Num. R. s. 12, end; Cant. R. to VI, 4; Pesik. Vayhi p. 10a>, a. e. לא חִטְרִיפוּ the animals were found to be free from an organic disease.( 2) (in later liter.) to declare trefah. 3) (denom. of טֶרֶף) a) to cover with foliage. Yalk. Gen. 119, v. רָטַב.b) to sprout with moisture, be sappy. Gen. R. s. 69 ה׳ מצותוכ׳ (Yalk. Jud. 38 הפריח) sprouted with good deeds, v. רָטַב.( 4) to distribute food, v. טָרָף. Hithpa. הִיטָּרֵף, Nithpa. נִיטָּרֵף to be tossed about, to be in a storm near the shore. Taan.III, 7 (19a) על הספינה המִיטָּרֶפֶתוכ׳ for a ship which is seen from the coast to be tossed about; ib. 14a המְטוֹרֶפֶת (v. supra; Ar. ed. Koh. נִטְרֶפֶת Nif.). Tosef.Sabb. XIII (XIV), 11 נִיטָּרְפָה ספינהוכ׳ the ship has been thrown back several times (was prevented from landing by the breakers).

פָּסַל(b. h.) 1) to cut, chip, hew, trim. Tanḥ. ʿEḳeb 9 (ref. to Koh. 3:5) עת היה לִפְסוֹל שניוכ׳ the time came to hew other two tablets (in place of the broken). Ib. מתחת כסא הכבוד פְּסָלָן he hewed them from under the throne of glory. Ab. Zar.52a (ref. to Deut. 7:25) משפְּסָלוֹ נעשה אלוה as soon as a gentile has done chiselling on it, it becomes a deity (an idol forbidden to Jews for any use); ib. פסלו לאלוה לאוכ׳ when the gentile has hewed it for a god, thou shalt not covet it; פסלו מאלוה ולקחת לך when he chips it so as to unfit it as an idol (v. infra), thou mayest take it unto thyself; a. e.Part. pass. פָּסוּל; f. פְּסוּלָה; pl. פְּסוּלִים, פְּסוּלִין; פְּסוּלוֹת a) chiselled, chipped. Lev. R. s. 22 אבנים פ׳ chipped stones (unfit for the altar); a. e.b) (cmp. פָּגַם) defective, unfit, disqualified, v. פָּסוּל. 2) (denom. of פָּסוּל) to disqualify, to be the cause of disqualification of; to declare unfit. Ḥull.III, 12 פּוֹסְלִין, v. כָּשֵׁר I. Ab. Zar. l. c. מניין לנכרי שפּוֹסֵל אלוהו how will you prove that a gentile can cancel his deity (by disfiguring it)? Kidd.70a אוי לו לפוסל את זרעו ולפוגםוכ׳ woe to him who causes his descendants to be disqualified and his family to be tarnished. Ib. כל הפוסל פסול he who tarnishes (casts suspicion on the purity of a family) is himself tarnished (of spurious descent); במומו פוסל he charges others with his own defect. Ex. R. s. 1 החזירתו … ופ׳ את כלן she (Pharaohs daughter) took him (the infant Moses) around to all Egyptian women to give him suck, but he rejected all of them (refused to take their breasts); ולמה פְסָלָן and why did he reject them? Snh.III, 1 זה פוֹסֵל דיינו של זהוכ׳ each has a right to reject the judge chosen by the other; אם היו כשרים … אינו יכול לפוֹסְלָן if they are fit (not legally disqualified) or authorized, he cannot reject them. Ib. זה פוסל עדיווכ׳ every witness in a case may help by his testimony to disqualify the opposing partys witnesses. R. Hash. I, 7 קבלו … ופָסְלוּוכ׳ they accepted as witnesses himself and his son, and rejected his slave. Mikv. II, 4 פּוֹסְלִין את המקוה are sufficient to make the pond unfit for ritual immersion. Ib. VII, 5 לא פְסָלוּהוּ they do not make the blood unfit. Zeb.I, 4 המחשבה פוֹסֶלֶת the improper intention makes the sacrifice unfit. Succ.II, 7, a. e. בית שמאי פוסלין the school of Sh. declares such a Succah to be ritually unfit; a. v. fr.Trnsf. to cancel, abrogate. B. Kam.97a פְּסָלַתּוּ מלכות the government cancelled the coin; פסלתו מדינה the inhabitants of the district refused to pass it.Gen. R. s. 30, beg. כל מקום שנאמר אלה פ׳ את הראשוניםוכ׳ wherever the Biblical text has ‘these, it is meant to cancel (exclude) the preceding; wherever it has ‘and these, it is to add to the preceding; Ex. R. s. 1 אלה תולדות … פ׳וכ׳ ‘these are the origins of heaven and earth (Gen. 2:4), this excludes the time of chaos; a. fr. Nif. נִפִסַל 1) to be hewn, sculptured. Sifra Kdosh. beg. פסל על שהם נִפְסָלִין idols are named pesel, because they are sculptured; (Yalk. Lev. 604 פסולין). 2) to be disqualified, made unfit, declared unfit. Zeb.I, 4 הזבח נ׳ ארבעהוכ׳ a sacrifice may become unfit by improper actions in four stages, at the slaughtering Pes.15b; 45b הפת … ונִפְסְלָה מלאכול if bread becomes mouldy and unfit for man to eat. Toh. VIII, 6 עד שיִפָּסֵל מאוכל הכלב until it becomes unfit for a dog to eat; Y.Ḥall.IV, 60a top עד שתִּפְסוֹל. Men.100a, v. פְּסוֹל. Num. R. s. 6 end לא היו נִפְסָלִים אלא בקול they (the Levites) became unfit for service only when they lost their voice for song. B. Kam.IX, 2 נִפְסְלָה מעל גבי המזבח became unfit for the altar; a. fr.Trnsf. to be cancelled, abrogated. B. Kam. l. c. (גזל) מטבע ונ׳ if one stole a coin, and it was invalidated (before he made the restitution). Snh.104b (expl. סִלָּה, Lam. 1:15) כאדם שאומר לחברו נפסלה מטבע זו as one says to his neighbor, this coin is worthless; v. סָלָא; a. e. Pi. פִּיסֵּל to cut off dry twigs, to trim. Shebi. II, 3 מְפַסְּלִין עדוכ׳ (in the ante-Sabbatical year) you may trim trees up to New Year, v. פִּיסּוּל. Mikv. IX, 7 מְפַסְּלי אילנות trimmers of trees. Y.Sabb.VII, 10a top; a. e.Yalk. Deut. 942 מְפַסְּלוֹ במעצד he chips it (the crooked staff) with the adze; Sifré ib. 308 מפתלו (corr. acc.). Hif. הִפְסִיל to find fault, to speak contemptuously. Koh. R. to XI, 9 שהיה מַפְסִיל בנשיםוכ׳ who used to find fault with women (considering none good enough for him as wife), and was a profligate.(Part. pass. מוּפְסָל, v. next w.

פָּסַל(b. h.) 1) to cut, chip, hew, trim. Tanḥ. ʿEḳeb 9 (ref. to Koh. 3:5) עת היה לִפְסוֹל שניוכ׳ the time came to hew other two tablets (in place of the broken). Ib. מתחת כסא הכבוד פְּסָלָן he hewed them from under the throne of glory. Ab. Zar.52a (ref. to Deut. 7:25) משפְּסָלוֹ נעשה אלוה as soon as a gentile has done chiselling on it, it becomes a deity (an idol forbidden to Jews for any use); ib. פסלו לאלוה לאוכ׳ when the gentile has hewed it for a god, thou shalt not covet it; פסלו מאלוה ולקחת לך when he chips it so as to unfit it as an idol (v. infra), thou mayest take it unto thyself; a. e.Part. pass. פָּסוּל; f. פְּסוּלָה; pl. פְּסוּלִים, פְּסוּלִין; פְּסוּלוֹת a) chiselled, chipped. Lev. R. s. 22 אבנים פ׳ chipped stones (unfit for the altar); a. e.b) (cmp. פָּגַם) defective, unfit, disqualified, v. פָּסוּל. 2) (denom. of פָּסוּל) to disqualify, to be the cause of disqualification of; to declare unfit. Ḥull.III, 12 פּוֹסְלִין, v. כָּשֵׁר I. Ab. Zar. l. c. מניין לנכרי שפּוֹסֵל אלוהו how will you prove that a gentile can cancel his deity (by disfiguring it)? Kidd.70a אוי לו לפוסל את זרעו ולפוגםוכ׳ woe to him who causes his descendants to be disqualified and his family to be tarnished. Ib. כל הפוסל פסול he who tarnishes (casts suspicion on the purity of a family) is himself tarnished (of spurious descent); במומו פוסל he charges others with his own defect. Ex. R. s. 1 החזירתו … ופ׳ את כלן she (Pharaohs daughter) took him (the infant Moses) around to all Egyptian women to give him suck, but he rejected all of them (refused to take their breasts); ולמה פְסָלָן and why did he reject them? Snh.III, 1 זה פוֹסֵל דיינו של זהוכ׳ each has a right to reject the judge chosen by the other; אם היו כשרים … אינו יכול לפוֹסְלָן if they are fit (not legally disqualified) or authorized, he cannot reject them. Ib. זה פוסל עדיווכ׳ every witness in a case may help by his testimony to disqualify the opposing partys witnesses. R. Hash. I, 7 קבלו … ופָסְלוּוכ׳ they accepted as witnesses himself and his son, and rejected his slave. Mikv. II, 4 פּוֹסְלִין את המקוה are sufficient to make the pond unfit for ritual immersion. Ib. VII, 5 לא פְסָלוּהוּ they do not make the blood unfit. Zeb.I, 4 המחשבה פוֹסֶלֶת the improper intention makes the sacrifice unfit. Succ.II, 7, a. e. בית שמאי פוסלין the school of Sh. declares such a Succah to be ritually unfit; a. v. fr.Trnsf. to cancel, abrogate. B. Kam.97a פְּסָלַתּוּ מלכות the government cancelled the coin; פסלתו מדינה the inhabitants of the district refused to pass it.Gen. R. s. 30, beg. כל מקום שנאמר אלה פ׳ את הראשוניםוכ׳ wherever the Biblical text has ‘these, it is meant to cancel (exclude) the preceding; wherever it has ‘and these, it is to add to the preceding; Ex. R. s. 1 אלה תולדות … פ׳וכ׳ ‘these are the origins of heaven and earth (Gen. 2:4), this excludes the time of chaos; a. fr. Nif. נִפִסַל 1) to be hewn, sculptured. Sifra Kdosh. beg. פסל על שהם נִפְסָלִין idols are named pesel, because they are sculptured; (Yalk. Lev. 604 פסולין). 2) to be disqualified, made unfit, declared unfit. Zeb.I, 4 הזבח נ׳ ארבעהוכ׳ a sacrifice may become unfit by improper actions in four stages, at the slaughtering Pes.15b; 45b הפת … ונִפְסְלָה מלאכול if bread becomes mouldy and unfit for man to eat. Toh. VIII, 6 עד שיִפָּסֵל מאוכל הכלב until it becomes unfit for a dog to eat; Y.Ḥall.IV, 60a top עד שתִּפְסוֹל. Men.100a, v. פְּסוֹל. Num. R. s. 6 end לא היו נִפְסָלִים אלא בקול they (the Levites) became unfit for service only when they lost their voice for song. B. Kam.IX, 2 נִפְסְלָה מעל גבי המזבח became unfit for the altar; a. fr.Trnsf. to be cancelled, abrogated. B. Kam. l. c. (גזל) מטבע ונ׳ if one stole a coin, and it was invalidated (before he made the restitution). Snh.104b (expl. סִלָּה, Lam. 1:15) כאדם שאומר לחברו נפסלה מטבע זו as one says to his neighbor, this coin is worthless; v. סָלָא; a. e. Pi. פִּיסֵּל to cut off dry twigs, to trim. Shebi. II, 3 מְפַסְּלִין עדוכ׳ (in the ante-Sabbatical year) you may trim trees up to New Year, v. פִּיסּוּל. Mikv. IX, 7 מְפַסְּלי אילנות trimmers of trees. Y.Sabb.VII, 10a top; a. e.Yalk. Deut. 942 מְפַסְּלוֹ במעצד he chips it (the crooked staff) with the adze; Sifré ib. 308 מפתלו (corr. acc.). Hif. הִפְסִיל to find fault, to speak contemptuously. Koh. R. to XI, 9 שהיה מַפְסִיל בנשיםוכ׳ who used to find fault with women (considering none good enough for him as wife), and was a profligate.(Part. pass. מוּפְסָל, v. next w.